{"id":82148,"date":"2020-12-17T22:11:17","date_gmt":"2020-12-17T19:11:17","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/?p=82148"},"modified":"2020-12-17T22:11:17","modified_gmt":"2020-12-17T19:11:17","slug":"4-sinif-sosyal-bilgiler-milli-mucadele-konu-anlatimi-ozet","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/4-sinif-sosyal-bilgiler-milli-mucadele-konu-anlatimi-ozet.html","title":{"rendered":"4. S\u0131n\u0131f Sosyal Bilgiler Milli M\u00fccadele Konu Anlat\u0131m\u0131 \u00d6zet"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong>M\u0130LL\u00ce M\u00dcCADELE<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Osmanl\u0131 Devleti Birinci D\u00fcnya Sava\u015f\u0131\u2019ndan yenik ayr\u0131ld\u0131. Sava\u015f\u0131n galipleri olan \u0130tilaf Devletleriyle (\u0130ngiltere, Fransa, \u0130talya) 30 Ekim 1918\u2019de Mondros Ate\u015fkes Anla\u015fmas\u0131 imzaland\u0131.<\/p>\n<p>Bu anla\u015fman\u0131n \u015fartlar\u0131 Osmanl\u0131 Devleti a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan \u00e7ok a\u011f\u0131rd\u0131. Bu anla\u015fman\u0131n sonucunda Osmanl\u0131 Devleti ordusundaki askerler terhis edildi. Terhis edilen askerlerin silahlar\u0131 \u0130tilaf Devletlerine teslim edildi. Limanlar\u0131m\u0131z, demir yollar\u0131m\u0131z ve telgrafhanelerimiz denetim alt\u0131na al\u0131nd\u0131. Yurdumuzun bir \u00e7ok b\u00f6lgesi i\u015fgal edildi.<\/p>\n<ul class=\"bs-shortcode-list list-style-check\">\n<li>\u0130ngilizler; Trakya, \u0130stanbul ve \u00e7evresini,<\/li>\n<li>Yunanl\u0131lar; \u0130zmir, K\u00fctahya, Ayd\u0131n, Bal\u0131kesir, Manisa ve \u00e7evresini,<\/li>\n<li>\u0130talyanlar; Antalya ve \u00e7evresini,<\/li>\n<li>Frans\u0131zlar; Adana,Mara\u015f,Antep,Urfa ve \u00e7evresini,<\/li>\n<li>\u00a0Ermeniler; Ardahan, A\u011fr\u0131, Van, Kars ve Sar\u0131kam\u0131\u015f\u2019\u0131 i\u015fgal etti..<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Mustafa Kemal, \u00fclkemizin u\u011frad\u0131\u011f\u0131 bu felaket kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda \u00fcmidini kaybetmedi. \u201cGeldikleri gibi giderler.\u201d \u00a0diyerek i\u015fgalcilerin yurdumuzdan kovulaca\u011f\u0131na olan inanc\u0131n\u0131 dile getirdi.<\/p>\n<p>19 May\u0131s 1919\u2019da Samsun\u2019a \u00e7\u0131karak Milli M\u00fccadele\u2019yi (Kurtulu\u015f Sava\u015f\u0131\u2019n\u0131) ba\u015flatt\u0131.<\/p>\n<p>Mustafa Kemal Amasya, Erzurum ve Sivas\u2019ta toplant\u0131lar yaparak halk\u0131n i\u015fgallere kar\u015f\u0131 toplant\u0131 ve y\u00fcr\u00fcy\u00fc\u015fler d\u00fczenlemesi gerekti\u011fini, vatan\u0131n b\u00f6l\u00fcnmez bir b\u00fct\u00fcn oldu\u011funu anlatt\u0131. Bu toplant\u0131larla t\u00fcm milletin i\u015fgallere kar\u015f\u0131 \u00e7\u0131kmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fini anlatt\u0131.<\/p>\n<ul class=\"bs-shortcode-list list-style-check\">\n<li>Amasya Genelgesi=22 Haziran 1919<\/li>\n<li>Erzurum Kongresi = 23 Temmuz 1919<\/li>\n<li>Sivas Kongresi = 04 Eyl\u00fcl 1919<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>M\u0130LL\u0130 M\u00dcCADELEDE CEPHELER<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Kurtulu\u015f Sava\u015f\u0131nda 3 cephede m\u00fccadele verilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n<ul class=\"bs-shortcode-list list-style-check\">\n<li><strong>DO\u011eU CEPHES\u0130<\/strong>= Milli m\u00fccadele de sava\u015f\u0131lan ilk cephedir. Bu cephede Ermenilerle sava\u015f\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Do\u011fu Cephesi komutan\u0131 KAZIM KARABEK\u0130R\u2019\u2019dir.Yap\u0131lan sava\u015fla Kars, Ardahan ve \u00e7evresi Ermenilerden kurtar\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Ermenilerle,\u00a0 3 Aral\u0131k 1920\u2019de yap\u0131lan G\u00fcmr\u00fc Antla\u015fmas\u0131 ile bug\u00fcnk\u00fc do\u011fu s\u0131n\u0131r\u0131m\u0131z \u00e7izilmi\u015ftir. Bu antla\u015fma TBMMeclisi\u2019nin imzalad\u0131\u011f\u0131 ilk anla\u015fmad\u0131r.<\/p>\n<ul class=\"bs-shortcode-list list-style-check\">\n<li>G<strong>\u00dcNEY CEPHES\u0130<\/strong> = Bu cephede Frans\u0131zlarla ve Ermenilerle sava\u015f\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Mara\u015f\u2019ta S\u00fct\u00e7\u00fc \u0130mam, Adana\u2019da Tayyar Rahmiye Han\u0131m, Urfa\u2019da Ali Saip Bey, Antep\u2019te \u015eahin Bey b\u00fcy\u00fck kahramanl\u0131klar g\u00f6stermi\u015flerdir. Bu ki\u015filer halk\u0131 \u00f6rg\u00fctleyerek \u015fehirlerin kurtar\u0131lmas\u0131 i\u00e7in m\u00fccadele etmi\u015flerdir.<\/p>\n<p>Frans\u0131zlarla 20 Ekim 1921\u2019de Ankara Antla\u015fmas\u0131 imzalanm\u0131\u015f ve Frans\u0131zlar \u00fclkemizi terk etmi\u015ftir. Halk\u0131n g\u00f6stermi\u015f oldu\u011fu kahramanl\u0131klar nedeniyle TBMM\u2019si taraf\u0131ndan Antep\u2019e \u201cGAZ\u0130\u201d \u00fcnvan\u0131 verilerek Gaziantep, Mara\u015f\u2019a \u201cKAHRAMAN\u201d \u00fcnvan\u0131 verilerek Kahramanmara\u015f, Urfa\u2019ya \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u015eANLI\u201d \u00fcnvan\u0131 verilerek \u015eanl\u0131urfa yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n<ul class=\"bs-shortcode-list list-style-check\">\n<li><strong>BATI CEPHES\u0130<\/strong> = Sava\u015flar\u0131n en yo\u011fun oldu\u011fu cephedir.Bu cephede Yunanl\u0131lara kar\u015f\u0131 sava\u015f yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Yunanl\u0131lar \u0130zmir\u2019e ilk \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131klar\u0131nda (15 May\u0131s 1919) \u0130zmirli gazeteci Hasan Tahsin d\u00fc\u015fmana ilk kur\u015funu s\u0131km\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Y\u00f6r\u00fck Ali Efe Ayd\u0131n\u2019da Kuvay\u0131 Milliye birlikleri kurarak Yunanl\u0131lar\u0131n Ayd\u0131n \u00fczerinden ilerlemesini engellemi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n<p>Bat\u0131 cephesi ordular\u0131n\u0131n ba\u015f\u0131nda bulunan \u0130smet \u0130n\u00f6n\u00fc ordusuyla 1. \u0130n\u00f6n\u00fc ve 2. \u0130n\u00f6n\u00fc sava\u015flar\u0131 ile Yunan ordusunu yenilgiye u\u011fratarak Sakarya\u2019n\u0131n bat\u0131s\u0131na kadar \u00e7ekilmelerini sa\u011flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p>Yunan ordusunun yenilgileri \u00fczerine \u0130ngiltere, Fransa ve \u0130talya taraf\u0131ndan yard\u0131m edilerek g\u00fc\u00e7lendirilen Yunan birlikleri K\u00fctahya ve Eski\u015fehir\u2019e kadar ilerlemi\u015ftir. Bu durum kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda T\u00fcrk ordusunun ba\u015f\u0131na TBMM\u2019i taraf\u0131ndan Mustafa Kemal Komutan olarak atanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Mustafa Kemal, Genelkurmay Ba\u015fkan\u0131 olan Fevzi Bey ile birlikte sava\u015f planlamalar\u0131n\u0131 yaparak 23 A\u011fustos 1921 tarihinde ba\u015flay\u0131p 22 g\u00fcn 22 gece s\u00fcren Sakarya Meydan Muharebesi\u2019ni yapm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. \u00c7ok \u00e7etin ve zorlu ge\u00e7en bu sava\u015fta her iki tarafta b\u00fcy\u00fck kay\u0131plar vermi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n<p>Sakarya Sava\u015f\u0131\u2019ndan sonra TBMM taraf\u0131ndan GAZ\u0130L\u0130K ve MARE\u015eALL\u0130K \u00fcnvan\u0131 verilmi\u015ftir. Ayr\u0131ca Mustafa Kemal\u2019in teklifi ile Fevzi Bey\u2019e de mare\u015fallik \u00fcnvan\u0131 verilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n<p>Sakarya Sava\u015f\u0131\u2019ndan sonra tekrar g\u00fc\u00e7 toplayan Yunan ordusu b\u00fcy\u00fck y\u0131\u011f\u0131naklar yaparak yeni sava\u015f haz\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131 yapmaktad\u0131r. Bunun \u00fczerine Mustafa Kemal t\u00fcm yurtta Seferberlik ilan ederek t\u00fcm ulusun ordu i\u00e7in yard\u0131m etmesini istemi\u015ftir. T\u00fcrk ulusu kad\u0131n\u0131, erke\u011fi, ya\u015fl\u0131s\u0131, genci orduya yard\u0131m etmi\u015ftir. Toparlanan T\u00fcrk ordusu Afyon ve K\u00fctahya \u00fczerinden Yunan ordusunu \u00e7embere alm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p>26 A\u011fustos 1922 tarihinde T\u00fcrk top\u00e7usunun ate\u015fi ile B\u00fcy\u00fck Taarruz ba\u015flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. 30 A\u011fustos 1922 tarihinde Yunanl\u0131larla yap\u0131lan Ba\u015f Kumandanl\u0131k Meydan Muharebesi\u2019nde Mustafa Kemal \u201c Ordular ilk hedefiniz Akdeniz ileri !\u201d emrini vererek T\u00fcrk Ordusu\u2019nun hedefinin \u0130zmir oldu\u011funu belirtmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n<p>9 Eyl\u00fcl 1922 tarihinde\u00a0 T\u00fcrk Ordusu\u2019nun \u0130zmir\u2019e girmesi ile Yunanl\u0131lar \u00fclkemizi terk etmi\u015flerdir. Bu zaferden sonra T\u00fcrk Ordusu\u2019nun y\u00f6n\u00fcn\u00fc \u0130stanbul\u2019a \u00e7evirdi\u011fini g\u00f6ren \u0130ngilizler \u0130stanbul ve \u00e7evresini bo\u015faltt\u0131lar.<\/p>\n<p>11 Ekim 1922 tarihinde Mudanya Ate\u015fkes Antla\u015fmas\u0131 imzalanarak Kurtulu\u015f Sava\u015f\u0131 sona ermi\u015ftir. Daha sonra \u0130svi\u00e7re\u2019nin Lozan kentinde yap\u0131lan Lozan Bar\u0131\u015f Anla\u015fmas\u0131 ile de t\u00fcm D\u00fcnya\u2019ya \u00f6zg\u00fcr ve ba\u011fs\u0131z bir \u00fclke oldu\u011fumuz ilan edilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n<p>29 Ekim 1923 tarihinde Cumhuriyet ilan edilerek yeni kurulan devletin ad\u0131 T\u00dcRK\u0130YE CUMHUR\u0130YET\u0130 DEVLET\u0130 olmu\u015ftur.<\/p>\n<p>Cumhuriyet bir y\u00f6netim \u015feklidir.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>M\u0130LL\u00ce M\u00dcCADELE Osmanl\u0131 Devleti Birinci D\u00fcnya Sava\u015f\u0131\u2019ndan yenik ayr\u0131ld\u0131. Sava\u015f\u0131n galipleri olan \u0130tilaf Devletleriyle (\u0130ngiltere, Fransa, \u0130talya) 30 Ekim 1918\u2019de Mondros Ate\u015fkes Anla\u015fmas\u0131 imzaland\u0131. Bu anla\u015fman\u0131n \u015fartlar\u0131 Osmanl\u0131 Devleti a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan \u00e7ok a\u011f\u0131rd\u0131. Bu anla\u015fman\u0131n sonucunda Osmanl\u0131 Devleti ordusundaki askerler terhis edildi. Terhis edilen askerlerin silahlar\u0131 \u0130tilaf Devletlerine teslim edildi. Limanlar\u0131m\u0131z, demir yollar\u0131m\u0131z ve telgrafhanelerimiz denetim &#8230; <a title=\"4. S\u0131n\u0131f Sosyal Bilgiler Milli M\u00fccadele Konu Anlat\u0131m\u0131 \u00d6zet\" class=\"read-more\" href=\"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/4-sinif-sosyal-bilgiler-milli-mucadele-konu-anlatimi-ozet.html\" aria-label=\"More on 4. S\u0131n\u0131f Sosyal Bilgiler Milli M\u00fccadele Konu Anlat\u0131m\u0131 \u00d6zet\">Devam\u0131n\u0131 oku&#8230;<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[14],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/82148"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=82148"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/82148\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=82148"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=82148"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=82148"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}