{"id":78567,"date":"2020-03-21T23:17:07","date_gmt":"2020-03-21T20:17:07","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/?p=78567"},"modified":"2020-03-21T23:19:14","modified_gmt":"2020-03-21T20:19:14","slug":"gecmisten-gunumuze-teknoloji-2","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/gecmisten-gunumuze-teknoloji-2.html","title":{"rendered":"Ge\u00e7mi\u015ften G\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcze Teknoloji"},"content":{"rendered":"

GE\u00c7M\u0130\u015eTEN\u00a0 BUG\u00dcNE\u00a0 <\/em>TEKNOLOJ\u0130 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/strong><\/h1>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Tarih boyunca insan\u0131n icat etti\u011fi ve geli\u015ftirdi\u011fi b\u00fct\u00fcn ara\u00e7 gere\u00e7ler birer teknolojik \u00fcr\u00fcnd\u00fcr. Bu \u00fcr\u00fcnler bilimdeki geli\u015fmeler ve de\u011fi\u015fen ihtiya\u00e7lara ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak zaman i\u00e7inde iyile\u015ftirilerek daha kullan\u0131\u015fl\u0131 h\u00e2le getirilmi\u015ftir. <\/em><\/p>\n

TEKERLE\u011e\u0130N \u0130CADI<\/h2>\n

\"\"<\/a><\/p>\n

G\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczdeki \u015fekliyle tekerle\u011fi ilk defa bir arabada kullanan medeniyet M\u00d6 3500\u2019lerde S\u00fcmerler olmu\u015ftur.<\/p>\n

Hayvanlar taraf\u0131ndan \u00e7ekilen arabalar\u0131 y\u00fcr\u00fcten tekerlek sayesinde insanlar y\u00fcr\u00fcmekten<\/p>\n

ve a\u011f\u0131r y\u00fck ta\u015f\u0131maktan kurtulmu\u015flard\u0131r. Ba\u015fta otomobiller, kamyonlar ve trenler gibi ta\u015f\u0131tlar olmak \u00fczere fabrikalardaki makinelerin pek \u00e7o\u011funun temeli tekerle\u011fe dayanmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Teknolojideki geli\u015fmeler kulland\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z \u00fcr\u00fcnleri de\u011fi\u015ftirdi\u011fi gibi hayat\u0131m\u0131zda da \u00f6nemli de\u011fi\u015fiklikler meydana getirmektedir.<\/em><\/p>\n

Teknolojik geli\u015fmeler hayat\u0131m\u0131z\u0131 de\u011fi\u015ftirirken \u00e7evremizi de de\u011fi\u015ftirmi\u015ftir. \u00d6rne\u011fin arabalar\u0131n h\u0131zlanmas\u0131 ve say\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n artmas\u0131na ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak eskinin tek \u015feritli dar yollar\u0131n\u0131n yerini iki, \u00fc\u00e7 \u015feritli, gidi\u015f geli\u015fli otoyollar almaya ba\u015flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Di\u011fer yandan y\u00fcksek da\u011flar\u0131 ve bo\u011fazlar\u0131 kolayca a\u015f\u0131p yolculuklar\u0131 k\u0131saltmak amac\u0131yla t\u00fcneller a\u00e7\u0131lm\u0131\u015f, k\u00f6pr\u00fcler ve viyad\u00fckler in\u015fa edilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

Di\u011fer yandan \u00f6zellikle in\u015faat teknolojisindeki geli\u015fmeler sonucunda az katl\u0131 binalar\u0131n yerinde \u00e7ok katl\u0131 apartmanlar ve g\u00f6kdelenler y\u00fckselmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

\u0130leti\u015fim, ula\u015f\u0131m, haberle\u015fme ve \u015fehirle\u015fme alanlar\u0131ndaki teknolojik geli\u015fmeler insan hayat\u0131nda olumlu ve olumsuz sonu\u00e7lar ortaya \u00e7\u0131karm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n

AMPUL\u00dcN \u0130CADI<\/strong><\/h2>\n

\"\"<\/a>Elektrikten \u00fcretilen \u0131\u015f\u0131\u011f\u0131n hayat\u0131m\u0131zda \u00f6nemli bir yeri vard\u0131r. Bug\u00fcn insano\u011flu geceleyin de gezebiliyor, rahat\u00e7a kitap okuyabiliyor, spor yapabiliyorsa bunu harika bir ayd\u0131nlatma arac\u0131 olan elektrik ampul\u00fcne bor\u00e7ludur.<\/p>\n

Ampul\u00fcn icad\u0131na y\u00f6nelik ilk \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 1802 y\u0131l\u0131nda \u0130ngiliz Humprey Davy (Hampri Devi) ba\u015flatt\u0131. Davy\u2019nin ince bir platin \u015feritten ak\u0131m ge\u00e7irerek elde etti\u011fi \u0131\u015f\u0131\u011f\u0131n \u00f6mr\u00fc ve parlakl\u0131\u011f\u0131 yeterli de\u011fildi.<\/p>\n

1840 y\u0131l\u0131nda Warren de la Rue (Var\u0131n d\u00f6 la Ru). Rue platin teli vakumlanm\u0131\u015f cam t\u00fcp i\u00e7ine yerle\u015ftirerek daha verimli bir \u0131\u015f\u0131k elde etti. Ne var ki platinin pahal\u0131 olmas\u0131 nedeniyle Rue\u2019nun lambas\u0131 da yayg\u0131nla\u015famad\u0131.<\/p>\n

Lamban\u0131n geli\u015fimine katk\u0131da bulunmu\u015f en \u00f6nemli isim Thomas Edison (Tam\u0131s Edison) oldu.<\/p>\n

karbon tel kulland\u0131, uzun s\u00fcre yanan, y\u00fcksek verimli lambay\u0131 \u00fcretti.<\/p>\n

1901\u2019de Peter Hewitt (Pit\u0131r Hevit) floresan lambalar\u0131n ba\u015flang\u0131c\u0131 olan mavimsi beyaz \u0131\u015f\u0131k yayan c\u0131val\u0131 buhar lambas\u0131n\u0131 icat etti.<\/p>\n

1911 y\u0131l\u0131nda g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde de kullan\u0131lmakta olan tungsten telli normal ampul icat edildi.<\/p>\n

1980 y\u0131l\u0131nda floresan lambalar\u0131n geli\u015ftirilmesiyle icat edilen halojen lambalar kullan\u0131ma sunuldu.<\/p>\n

1996 Ayd\u0131nlatma teknolojisinin hayat\u0131m\u0131za getirdi\u011fi son yenilik led lambalard\u0131r. \u0130lk kez 1996<\/p>\n

y\u0131l\u0131nda sat\u0131\u015fa sunulan led ampuller di\u011fer lambalarla kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda y\u00fczde doksan oran\u0131nda<\/p>\n

daha az enerji t\u00fcketmektedir. Kullan\u0131m s\u00fcresi de olduk\u00e7a uzundur.\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0<\/strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u00a0TELEFON<\/strong>UN \u0130CADI<\/strong><\/h2>\n

\"\"<\/a><\/p>\n

Hayat\u0131m\u0131z\u0131 de\u011fi\u015ftiren \u00f6nemli teknolojik \u00fcr\u00fcnlerden bir di\u011feri telefondur. \u0130nsanlar tarih boyunca uzak yerlere mesajlar g\u00f6ndermenin ve oradakilerle haberle\u015fmenin yollar\u0131n\u0131 arad\u0131lar. Bu ama\u00e7la posta g\u00fcvercinlerinden, dumandan ve aynalardan yararland\u0131lar.<\/p>\n

Bir teknoloji \u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fc olarak ilk mesaj iletme makinesi \u0130\u015faretle haberle\u015fme sistemi 1793\u2019te Frans\u0131z Claude Chappe (Kuloud \u015eape) taraf\u0131ndan icat edildi. Chappe makinesine \u201cuzaktan yazan\u201d anlam\u0131nda \u201ctelgraf\u201d ad\u0131n\u0131 verdi.<\/p>\n

1840\u2019lardan itibaren yerini Amerikal\u0131 mucit Samuel Morse\u2019un (Samuel Mors) elektrikli telgraf\u0131na\u00a0b\u0131rakt\u0131. Morse\u2019un telgraf\u0131 makine \u00fczerindeki kalemin kar\u015f\u0131dan gelen elektrik ak\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n etkisiyle rulo k\u00e2\u011f\u0131t \u00fczerinde \u00e7izgiler b\u0131rakmas\u0131 esas\u0131na dayan\u0131yordu. Morse, ak\u0131m\u0131n s\u00fcresine g\u00f6re k\u0131sa\u00a0ve uzun olabilen bu \u00e7izgileri kodlayarak bir alfabe h\u00e2line getirdi.<\/p>\n

Amerikal\u0131 mucit Alexander Graham Bell (Aleksand\u0131r G\u0131raham Bel) elektrik ak\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n ses titre\u015fimlerinin etkisiyle de\u011fi\u015fti\u011fini ke\u015ffetti. Bu ke\u015ffinden yola \u00e7\u0131karak 1876\u2019da sesin teller arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131yla iletilmesini sa\u011flayan telefonu icat etti.<\/p>\n

T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de ilk telefon 1908\u2019de kullan\u0131lmaya ba\u015fland\u0131. \u0130lk otomatik telefon santrali ise 1926\u2019da Ankara\u2019da kuruldu.<\/p>\n

\u0130talyan bilim insan\u0131 Marconi (Markoni) 19. y\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131n sonlar\u0131na do\u011fru telsiz denilen haberle\u015fme cihaz\u0131n\u0131 icat etti.<\/p>\n

1973 y\u0131l\u0131nda Martin Cooper (Martin Kup\u0131r) telsiz teknolojisini geli\u015ftirerek cep telefonuna d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcrd\u00fc.\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u00a0U\u00c7A\u011e<\/strong>IN \u0130CADI<\/strong><\/h2>\n

\u0130nsanlar\u0131n hayat\u0131n\u0131 en fazla de\u011fi\u015ftiren teknolojik ara\u00e7lardan biri u\u00e7akt\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Leonardo Da Vinci (Leonardo Da Vinsi 1452-1519) ku\u015flardan ilham alarak u\u00e7an ara\u00e7lar tasarlam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. 17. y\u00fczy\u0131lda \u0130stanbul\u2019da ya\u015fayan Hezarfen Ahmet \u00c7elebi, kollar\u0131na kanat takarak u\u00e7ma denemesinde bulunmu\u015ftur. Lagari Hasan \u00c7elebi ise s\u0131rt\u0131na ba\u011flad\u0131\u011f\u0131 roketle g\u00f6\u011fe y\u00fckseldikten sonra para\u015f\u00fctle denize inmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

Fransa\u2019da ya\u015fayan Joseph ve Etienne Montgolfier Karde\u015fler (Jozef Etyen Mongolfiye) 1783\u2019te ilk defa balonla u\u00e7may\u0131 ba\u015fard\u0131lar.<\/p>\n

1852 y\u0131l\u0131nda Frans\u0131z m\u00fchendis Henri Giffard (Henri Cifard) 160 kg a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131ndaki bir buhar makinesini hidrojenle dolu bir torban\u0131n alt\u0131na takarak Paris\u2019ten 30 km uzakl\u0131ktaki Trappes\u2019e u\u00e7may\u0131 ba\u015fard\u0131. Bu hava arac\u0131 Alman mucit Ferdinand von Zeppelin (Ferdinand von Zeplin) taraf\u0131ndan daha da geli\u015ftirildi ve onun ad\u0131yla tan\u0131nd\u0131.<\/p>\n

1883 y\u0131l\u0131nda Amerikal\u0131 John Montgomery (Con Montgomeri) kontrol edilebilir ilk plan\u00f6r\u00fc yapt\u0131.<\/p>\n

\u0130nsano\u011flunun u\u00e7ma ser\u00fcveninin d\u00f6n\u00fcm noktas\u0131 Amerikal\u0131 Wright Karde\u015flerin 1903 y\u0131l\u0131ndaki u\u00e7u\u015f denemesi oldu. Orville (Orvil) ve Wilbur Wright (Vilb\u0131r Rayt) kendilerinden \u00f6nceki motorsuz ara\u00e7larla yap\u0131lan u\u00e7ma denemelerinden ald\u0131klar\u0131 ilhamla ilk motorlu u\u00e7a\u011f\u0131 yapt\u0131lar.<\/p>\n

1883 y\u0131l\u0131nda Amerikal\u0131 John Montgomery (Con Montgomeri) kontrol edilebilir ilk plan\u00f6r\u00fc yapt\u0131.<\/p>\n

\u0130nsano\u011flunun u\u00e7ma ser\u00fcveninin d\u00f6n\u00fcm noktas\u0131 Amerikal\u0131 Wright Karde\u015flerin 1903 y\u0131l\u0131ndaki u\u00e7u\u015f denemesi oldu. Orville (Orvil) ve Wilbur Wright (Vilb\u0131r Rayt) kendilerinden \u00f6nceki motorsuz ara\u00e7larla yap\u0131lan u\u00e7ma denemelerinden ald\u0131klar\u0131 ilhamla ilk motorlu u\u00e7a\u011f\u0131 yapt\u0131lar.<\/p>\n

C\u0131rt c\u0131rt bantlar\u0131n mucidi \u0130svi\u00e7reli elektrik m\u00fchendisi George Mestral (Cor\u00e7 Mestr\u0131l)<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

GE\u00c7M\u0130\u015eTEN\u00a0 BUG\u00dcNE\u00a0 TEKNOLOJ\u0130 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Tarih boyunca insan\u0131n icat etti\u011fi ve geli\u015ftirdi\u011fi b\u00fct\u00fcn ara\u00e7 gere\u00e7ler birer teknolojik \u00fcr\u00fcnd\u00fcr. Bu \u00fcr\u00fcnler bilimdeki geli\u015fmeler ve de\u011fi\u015fen ihtiya\u00e7lara ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak zaman i\u00e7inde iyile\u015ftirilerek daha kullan\u0131\u015fl\u0131 h\u00e2le getirilmi\u015ftir. TEKERLE\u011e\u0130N \u0130CADI G\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczdeki \u015fekliyle tekerle\u011fi ilk defa bir arabada kullanan medeniyet M\u00d6 3500\u2019lerde S\u00fcmerler olmu\u015ftur. Hayvanlar taraf\u0131ndan \u00e7ekilen arabalar\u0131 y\u00fcr\u00fcten tekerlek … Devam\u0131n\u0131 oku…<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":78572,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[14],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/78567"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=78567"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/78567\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/78572"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=78567"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=78567"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=78567"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}