{"id":76992,"date":"2019-12-04T22:29:12","date_gmt":"2019-12-04T19:29:12","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/?p=76992"},"modified":"2019-12-04T22:29:12","modified_gmt":"2019-12-04T19:29:12","slug":"dogal-afetler-ve-cevremiz-4-sinif","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/dogal-afetler-ve-cevremiz-4-sinif.html","title":{"rendered":"Do\u011fal Afetler ve \u00c7evremiz 4. S\u0131n\u0131f"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong>DO\u011eAL AFETLER VE \u00c7EVREM\u0130Z<\/strong><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u0130nsanlar ya\u015famlar\u0131n\u0131 tehdit eden, ani ve kontrol edilmesi g\u00fc\u00e7 olan olaylara <strong>do\u011fal afetler<\/strong> diyoruz.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>R\u00fczg\u00e2r<\/li>\n<li>Sel<\/li>\n<li>Toprak kaymas\u0131 (heyelan)<\/li>\n<li>\u00c7\u0131\u011f<\/li>\n<li>Erozyon<\/li>\n<li>Deprem<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>gibi olaylar yer kabu\u011funun \u015feklini de\u011fi\u015ftirir.<\/p>\n<p>R\u00fczg\u00e2r ve ya\u011fmurun etkisiyle \u00e7e\u015fitli yer \u015fekilleri olu\u015fur. \u00dclkemizde Peri Bacalar\u0131, Pamukkale ve Damla Ta\u015f Ma\u011faralar\u0131 buna \u00f6rnek g\u00f6sterilebilir.<\/p>\n<p><strong>R\u00dcZG\u00c2RIN ETK\u0130S\u0130 <\/strong><\/p>\n<p>S\u0131cak hava ile so\u011fuk havan\u0131n yer de\u011fi\u015ftirmesine<strong> r\u00fczg\u00e2r <\/strong>denir.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Hafif esinti \u015feklinde esen r\u00fczg\u00e2rlara <strong>yel <\/strong>denir.<\/li>\n<li>Ya\u011fmur ve kas\u0131rga getiren \u00e7ok g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc r\u00fczg\u00e2rlara f\u0131rt\u0131na, h\u0131z\u0131 120 km\u2019yi a\u015fan r\u00fczg\u00e2rlara ise <strong>kas\u0131rga<\/strong> diyoruz.<\/li>\n<li>Y\u00fckselen g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc hava ak\u0131mlar\u0131n\u0131n, al\u00e7alan g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc hava ak\u0131mlar\u0131na yakla\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 yerde <strong>hortum <\/strong>olu\u015fur. Hortumlar a\u015fa\u011f\u0131dan yukar\u0131ya do\u011fru d\u00f6nerek olu\u015fan r\u00fczg\u00e2rlard\u0131r. Okyanuslarda olu\u015fan hortumlara <strong>tayfun<\/strong> diyoruz.<\/li>\n<li>B\u00fcy\u00fck su k\u00fctlelerinin alt\u0131nda meydana gelen depremin meydana getirdi\u011fi b\u00fcy\u00fck dalgalara <strong>tsunami<\/strong> denir.<\/li>\n<li>Da\u011f\u0131n y\u00fcksek yerlerinden kopup yuvarlanan, yuvarland\u0131k\u00e7a da b\u00fcy\u00fcyen kar k\u00fctlesine \u00e7\u0131\u011f denir.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>SEL BASKINLARI<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u015eiddetli ya\u011f\u0131\u015f ve ani kar erimeleri sonucu yama\u00e7lardan a\u015fa\u011f\u0131ya inen sular\u0131n yata\u011f\u0131ndan d\u0131\u015far\u0131ya ta\u015fma olay\u0131na <strong>sel<\/strong> denir.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Binalar, k\u00f6pr\u00fcler, yollar y\u0131k\u0131l\u0131r.<\/li>\n<li>\u0130nsan ve hayvanlar\u0131n \u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcne sebep olur.<\/li>\n<li>Etkili alanlara zarar verir.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Sel bask\u0131nlar\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6nlemek i\u00e7in;<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Nehirlerin \u00f6nlerini barajlar yap\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/li>\n<li>\u00c7evre a\u011fa\u00e7land\u0131r\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/li>\n<li>E\u011fimli tar\u0131m arazileri teraslanmal\u0131d\u0131r.<strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>TOPRAK KAYMASI (HEYALAN)<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Ya\u011fmur, eriyen kar sular\u0131, bazen de kaynak sular\u0131n\u0131n etkisiyle topra\u011f\u0131n kayarak s\u00fcr\u00fcklenmesi olay\u0131na <strong>heyelan <\/strong>diyoruz.<\/p>\n<p>Heyelan\u0131 olu\u015fturan nedenler;<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Ya\u011f\u0131\u015f<\/li>\n<li>Fazla e\u011fitim<\/li>\n<li>\u015eiddetli deprem<\/li>\n<li>Topra\u011f\u0131n cismi<\/li>\n<li>A\u011fa\u00e7l\u0131k alanlar\u0131n olmay\u0131\u015f\u0131<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u00dclkemizde heyelanlar en fazla ilkbahar mevsiminde g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcr. \u00d6zellikte Do\u011fu ve Bat\u0131 Karedeniz b\u00f6l\u00fcmlerinde olu\u015fmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p><strong>EROZYON<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Verimli topraklar\u0131n;<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u015eiddetli r\u00fczg\u00e2rlar,<\/li>\n<li>Uzun s\u00fcreli ya\u011f\u0131\u015flar,<\/li>\n<li>Akarsular ve sel sular\u0131 gibi \u00e7e\u015fitli etkilerle a\u015f\u0131n\u0131p yok olmas\u0131na erozyon diyoruz.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Erozyonun etkisini azaltmak i\u00e7in a\u011fa\u00e7land\u0131rmaya \u00f6nem vermeliyiz.<\/p>\n<p><strong>DEPREM VE KORUNMA YOLLARI<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Do\u011fal afetler i\u00e7inde en fazla zarara depremler neden olmaktad\u0131r. Yery\u00fcz\u00fcn\u00fcn k\u0131sa s\u00fcreli sars\u0131lmas\u0131na deprem denir. Depremin s\u00fcresi ve \u015fiddetini \u00f6l\u00e7en alete sismograf denir. Yurdumuzun b\u00fcy\u00fck bir b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc deprem ku\u015fa\u011f\u0131nda bulunmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Depremin zarar\u0131ndan korunmak i\u00e7in;<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Deprem \u00f6ncesi,<\/li>\n<li>Deprem s\u0131ras\u0131,<\/li>\n<li>Deprem sonras\u0131 al\u0131nmas\u0131 gereken \u00f6nlemler olarak gruplayabiliriz.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Depremden \u00f6nce al\u0131nacak \u00f6nlemler;<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Binalar az katl\u0131 ve depreme dayan\u0131kl\u0131 olmal\u0131,<\/li>\n<li>Deprem sigortas\u0131 yayg\u0131nla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/li>\n<li>Yeni yerle\u015fim yerleri deprem olas\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n en az oldu\u011fu yerlere yap\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/li>\n<li>Meydana gelecek depremde enkaz kald\u0131rma ve kurtarma \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 i\u00e7in sivil savunma uzmanlar\u0131 yeti\u015ftirilmelidir.<\/li>\n<li>Evde ve i\u015f yerinde devrilebilecek e\u015fyalar\u0131 birbirine ve duvara sabitlenmelidir.<\/li>\n<li>Bir deprem tatbikat\u0131 haz\u0131rlay\u0131p, bu plana g\u00f6re nas\u0131l davranmam\u0131z gerekti\u011fini \u00f6\u011frenmelidir.<\/li>\n<li>Acil durum \u00e7antas\u0131 haz\u0131rlanmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Deprem s\u0131ras\u0131nda al\u0131nacak \u00f6nlemler;<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Depremi hissetti\u011fimizde sakin olmal\u0131y\u0131z.<\/li>\n<li>Merdiven, koridor ve balkon gibi yerlere gitmemeliyiz.<\/li>\n<li>Kesinlikle asans\u00f6r kullanmamal\u0131y\u0131z.<\/li>\n<li>\u00d6ncelikle ba\u015f\u0131n\u0131z\u0131 ve ensenizi koruyacak \u015fekilde e\u011filin. Ayaklar\u0131n\u0131z\u0131 karn\u0131n\u0131za \u00e7ekerek kapan\u0131n ve m\u00fcmk\u00fcnse bir yerlere tutunun. Bu pozisyona <strong>\u00e7\u00f6k, kapan, tutun<\/strong> diyoruz.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Deprem an\u0131nda d\u0131\u015far\u0131daysak elektrik ve telefon direklerinden, binalardan uzakla\u015fmal\u0131y\u0131z. A\u00e7\u0131k arazide \u00e7evreden gelecek tehlikelere kar\u015f\u0131 haz\u0131rl\u0131kl\u0131 olmal\u0131y\u0131z.<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0Depremden sonra al\u0131nacak \u00f6nlemler;<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Deprem sonras\u0131 \u00e7evrenizdeki ki\u015filerin yaral\u0131 olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 kontrol ediniz.<\/li>\n<li>Binalar\u0131n \u00f6nlerinde beklemeyiz.<\/li>\n<li>Evden \u00e7\u0131karken gaz ve su vanalar\u0131n\u0131 kapatmal\u0131y\u0131z.<\/li>\n<li>Asans\u00f6r\u00fc kullanmamal\u0131y\u0131z.<\/li>\n<li>Deprem bitti\u011finde hemen evlere girmemeliyiz. Az hasarl\u0131 binalar bile, art\u00e7\u0131 depremler ile y\u0131k\u0131labilmektedir.<\/li>\n<li>Yetkililerden izin almadan kesinlikle evlere girilmemelidir.<\/li>\n<li>Acil durumlar d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda nedeni ne olursa olsun telefonlar kullan\u0131lmamal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>DO\u011eAL AFETLER VE \u00c7EVREM\u0130Z\u00a0 \u0130nsanlar ya\u015famlar\u0131n\u0131 tehdit eden, ani ve kontrol edilmesi g\u00fc\u00e7 olan olaylara do\u011fal afetler diyoruz. R\u00fczg\u00e2r Sel Toprak kaymas\u0131 (heyelan) \u00c7\u0131\u011f Erozyon Deprem gibi olaylar yer kabu\u011funun \u015feklini de\u011fi\u015ftirir. R\u00fczg\u00e2r ve ya\u011fmurun etkisiyle \u00e7e\u015fitli yer \u015fekilleri olu\u015fur. \u00dclkemizde Peri Bacalar\u0131, Pamukkale ve Damla Ta\u015f Ma\u011faralar\u0131 buna \u00f6rnek g\u00f6sterilebilir. R\u00dcZG\u00c2RIN ETK\u0130S\u0130 S\u0131cak hava &#8230; <a title=\"Do\u011fal Afetler ve \u00c7evremiz 4. S\u0131n\u0131f\" class=\"read-more\" href=\"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/dogal-afetler-ve-cevremiz-4-sinif.html\" aria-label=\"More on Do\u011fal Afetler ve \u00c7evremiz 4. S\u0131n\u0131f\">Devam\u0131n\u0131 oku&#8230;<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":62860,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[14],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-76992","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-sosyal-bilgiler"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/76992","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=76992"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/76992\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/62860"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=76992"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=76992"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=76992"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}