{"id":76874,"date":"2019-11-30T21:46:27","date_gmt":"2019-11-30T18:46:27","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/?p=76874"},"modified":"2019-11-30T21:47:24","modified_gmt":"2019-11-30T18:47:24","slug":"4-sinif-milli-mucadele-donemi-konu-ozeti-2","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/4-sinif-milli-mucadele-donemi-konu-ozeti-2.html","title":{"rendered":"4. S\u0131n\u0131f Milli M\u00fccadele D\u00f6nemi Konu \u00d6zeti"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>\u0130\u00e7erik Ad\u0131: <strong>4. S\u0131n\u0131f Milli M\u00fccadele D\u00f6nemi Konu \u00d6zeti<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>M\u0130LL\u0130 M\u00dcCADELE D\u00d6NEM\u0130<\/strong><\/p>\n<h3><strong><u>Trablusgarp Sava\u015f\u0131<\/u><\/strong><\/h3>\n<p><strong>Tarih<\/strong>:1911<\/p>\n<p><strong>Sava\u015fan devletler:<\/strong> Osmanl\u0131 Devleti&#8212;\u0130talya<\/p>\n<p><strong>Sava\u015f\u0131n nedeni: <\/strong>\u0130talya\u2019n\u0131n, g\u00fc\u00e7s\u00fcz duruma d\u00fc\u015fen Osmanl\u0131 topraklar\u0131n\u0131 almak istemesi.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Not:<\/strong> Osmanl\u0131 Devleti Trablusgarp\u2019a asker g\u00f6nderecek durumda de\u011fildi. Bu nedenle bu sava\u015fa g\u00f6n\u00fcll\u00fc olan subaylar kat\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Mustafa Kemal\u2019de g\u00f6n\u00fcll\u00fc olan subaylar\u0131n aras\u0131ndad\u0131r. Bu onun vatanseverli\u011fini g\u00f6stermektedir.<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00d6nemli: <\/strong>Mustafa Kemal\u2019in Trablusgarp Sava\u015f\u0131\u2019nda <strong><u>binba\u015f\u0131<\/u><\/strong> olarak g\u00f6rev yapm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Sava\u015fta Derne ve Tobruk\u2019ta ba\u015far\u0131l\u0131 savunma sava\u015flar\u0131 yap\u0131ld\u0131.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Sava\u015f\u0131n sonucu: <\/strong>Sava\u015f\u0131 Osmanl\u0131 Devleti kaybetti, \u0130talya kazand\u0131.<\/p>\n<p>Bu sava\u015f\u0131 sonunda \u0130talya ile <strong><u>U\u015fi Antla\u015fmas\u0131<\/u><\/strong> yap\u0131ld\u0131. <strong>U\u015fi Antla\u015fmas\u0131\u2019na g\u00f6re<\/strong> Trablusgarp ve Bingazi \u0130talya\u2019ya verildi.<\/p>\n<h3><strong><u>1.D\u00fcnya Sava\u015f\u0131 (1914-1918)<\/u><\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>1914 y\u0131l\u0131nda 1. D\u00fcnya Sava\u015f\u0131 \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131.<\/p>\n<p><strong><u>Sava\u015f\u0131n nedenleri;<\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u00dclkeler aras\u0131nda ekonomik ve siyasal rekabet.<\/li>\n<li>Ekonomik Yay\u0131lma ve S\u00f6m\u00fcrgecilik Faaliyetleri (Sanayi \u0130nk\u0131lab\u0131n\u0131n etkileri)<\/li>\n<li>Sanayile\u015fmenin h\u0131zlanmas\u0131 sonucunda devletler hammadde ve pazar aray\u0131\u015f\u0131.<\/li>\n<li>S\u00f6m\u00fcrgecilik yar\u0131\u015f\u0131 \u00fclkeler aras\u0131nda problemlerin ya\u015fanmas\u0131na sebebiyet vermi\u015ftir.<\/li>\n<li>Frans\u0131z \u0130htilali ile ortaya \u00e7\u0131kan Milliyet\u00e7ilik Ak\u0131m\u0131 siyasal bir nitelik kazanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/itilaf-itifak-devletleri.png\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-76875\" src=\"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/itilaf-itifak-devletleri.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"761\" height=\"268\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/itilaf-itifak-devletleri.png 761w, https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/itilaf-itifak-devletleri-300x106.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 761px) 100vw, 761px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p>Osmanl\u0131 Devleti 1. D\u00fcnya Sava\u015f\u0131\u2019nda pek \u00e7ok cephede m\u00fccadele etti. \u00c7anakkale cephesinde \u00c7anakkale Sava\u015flar\u0131\u2019nda d\u00fc\u015fman gemilerini bo\u011fazdan ge\u00e7irmeyerek b\u00fcy\u00fck bir zafer kazand\u0131. Mustafa Kemal, \u00c7anakkale\u2019deki ba\u015far\u0131s\u0131yla ad\u0131n\u0131 duyurdu. Fakat di\u011fer cephelerde ba\u015far\u0131 g\u00f6steremedik.<\/p>\n<h3><strong><u>\u00c7anakkale Sava\u015f\u0131<\/u><\/strong><\/h3>\n<p><strong>Tarih:<\/strong>18 Mart 1915<\/p>\n<p><strong>Sava\u015fan Devletler: <\/strong>\u0130ngiltere, Fransa&#8212;Osmanl\u0131 Devleti<\/p>\n<p><strong>Sava\u015f\u0131n nedeni: <\/strong>Osmanl\u0131 Devleti\u2019nin topraklar\u0131n\u0131n payla\u015f\u0131lmak istenmesi.<\/p>\n<p>\u0130ngiltere ve Fransa\u2019n\u0131n \u00c7anakkale Bo\u011faz\u0131\u2019n\u0131 ge\u00e7mek istemesiyle sava\u015f ba\u015flad\u0131.<\/p>\n<ol start=\"19\">\n<li><strong> T\u00fcmen komutan\u0131 <u>Yarbay<\/u><\/strong> Mustafa Kemal ve arkada\u015flar\u0131 d\u00fc\u015fman askerlerini ilerleyi\u015fini durdurmay\u0131 ba\u015fard\u0131. Bu sava\u015fta 500.000\u2019den fazla insan hayat\u0131n\u0131 kaybetmi\u015ftir.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><strong>Sava\u015f\u0131n sonucu: <\/strong>\u0130ngiltere ve Fransa geri \u00e7ekilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Not: <\/strong>\u00c7anakkale Cephesi, Osmanl\u0131 Devleti\u2019nin 1.D\u00fcnya Sava\u015f\u0131\u2019nda d\u00fc\u015fman\u0131 p\u00fcsk\u00fcrtmeyi ba\u015fard\u0131\u011f\u0131 tek cephedir.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Not: <\/strong>\u00c7anakkale Sava\u015f\u0131, 1.D\u00fcnya Sava\u015f\u0131\u2019n\u0131n par\u00e7as\u0131 olan bir sava\u015ft\u0131r. Bu sava\u015fta <strong>itilaf ve ittifak<\/strong> devletleri sava\u015fm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p>Osmanl\u0131 Devleti ve \u0130ttifak Devletleri 1. D\u00fcnya Sava\u015f\u0131\u2019ndan yenik ayr\u0131ld\u0131 ve <strong>1918 y\u0131l\u0131nda Mondros Ate\u015fkes Antla\u015fmas\u0131\u2019<\/strong>n\u0131 imzalad\u0131.<\/p>\n<h3><strong><u>Mondros Ate\u015fkes Antla\u015fmas\u0131<\/u><\/strong><\/h3>\n<p><strong>Tarih:<\/strong>30 Ekim 1918<\/p>\n<p><strong><u>Antla\u015fman\u0131n \u00f6nemi:<\/u><\/strong><strong> Osmanl\u0131 Devleti Mondros Ate\u015fkes Antla\u015fmas\u0131\u2019n\u0131 imzalayarak 1.D\u00fcnya Sava\u015f\u0131\u2019ndan \u00e7ekilmi\u015ftir.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Bu antla\u015fman\u0131n baz\u0131 maddeleri \u015funlard\u0131r:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u00c7anakkale ve \u0130stanbul Bo\u011fazlar\u0131 \u0130tilaf devletlerine a\u00e7\u0131lacak.<\/li>\n<li>Osmanl\u0131 ordusu terhis edilecek.<\/li>\n<li>B\u00fct\u00fcn ula\u015f\u0131m ve haberle\u015fme ara\u00e7lar\u0131 itilaf devletlerinin kontrol\u00fc alt\u0131na girecek.<\/li>\n<li>Bu antla\u015fman\u0131n 7.maddesine g\u00f6re; galip devletler g\u00fcvenliklerini sa\u011flamak i\u00e7in istedikleri yerleri i\u015fgal edebilecek. (Antla\u015fan\u0131n en a\u011f\u0131r maddesi 7.maddedir)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Not:<\/strong> Bu antla\u015fma ile Osmanl\u0131 Devleti ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131 kaybetti.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Not:<\/strong> Sava\u015f\u0131 kazanan itilaf devletleri bu antla\u015fmaya dayanarak yurdumuzu i\u015fgal etmeye ba\u015flad\u0131lar.<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00d6nemli:<\/strong> Mustafa Kemal \u0130stanbul\u2019un ve Anadolu\u2019nun i\u015fgalleri kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda \u00fcmidini kaybetmedi. Kurtulu\u015fa olan inanc\u0131n\u0131 \u015fu s\u00f6zlerle ifade etti:<strong> \u2019Geldikleri gibi giderler.\u2019\u2019<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong><u>MUSTAFA KEMAL\u2019\u0130N SAMSUN\u2019A \u00c7IKMASI VE M\u0130LL\u0130 M\u00dcCADELEN\u0130N BA\u015eLAMASI<\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Yurdumuzun i\u015fgal alt\u0131nda oldu\u011funu g\u00f6ren Mustafa Kemal, bir \u015feyler yap\u0131lmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fini fark\u0131ndayd\u0131. Halk\u0131n bir olup milli m\u00fccadeleyi ba\u015flatmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fine inand\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in <strong>19 May\u0131s 1919\u2019da Band\u0131rma Vapuru ile Samsun\u2019a<\/strong> gitti.<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0Not:<\/strong> Mustafa Kemal, bu hareketiyle milli bilinci uyand\u0131rmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131.<\/p>\n<p>Mustafa Kemal s\u0131ras\u0131yla a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki illeri gezerek genelgeler yay\u0131mlam\u0131\u015f ve kongreler(toplant\u0131lar)yapm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n<h3><strong><u>Genelgeler<\/u><\/strong><\/h3>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/genelgeler.png\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-76876\" src=\"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/genelgeler.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"860\" height=\"363\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/genelgeler.png 860w, https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/genelgeler-300x127.png 300w, https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/genelgeler-768x324.png 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 860px) 100vw, 860px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p><strong><u>\u00a0Samsun\u2019a Geli\u015f<\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Mustafa Kemal\u2019in 19 May\u0131s 1919\u2019da Samsun\u2019a gelmesi ile Mill\u00ee M\u00fccadele ba\u015flam\u0131\u015f. Samsun Mill\u00ee M\u00fccadelenin ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7 \u015fehri olmu\u015ftur.<\/p>\n<h4><strong><u>Havza Genelgesi<\/u><\/strong><\/h4>\n<p><strong><u>\u00a0<\/u><\/strong>19 May\u0131s 1919\u2019da Samsun\u2019a giden Mustafa Kemal 2 hafta Samsun\u2019da kalm\u0131\u015f ve oradan Havza \u2018ya ge\u00e7mi\u015ftir. Havza\u2019da di\u011fer ordu komutanlar\u0131 ile ileti\u015fime ge\u00e7mi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n<h4><strong><u>Amasya Genelgesi<\/u><\/strong><\/h4>\n<p>Mustafa Kemal Havza\u2019dan Amasya\u2019ya ge\u00e7mi\u015f. 22 Haziran 1919\u2019da Amasya Genelgesi yay\u0131nlanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Genelgede Vatan\u0131n b\u00fct\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc, milletin istiklalini tehlikede oldu\u011fu belirtilmi\u015f, i\u015fgalcilere kar\u015f\u0131 m\u00fccadele \u00e7a\u011fr\u0131s\u0131 yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n<h4><strong><u>Erzurum Kongresi<\/u><\/strong><\/h4>\n<p>23 Temmuz\u2019da Erzurum Kongresi d\u00fczenlenmi\u015ftir. Mustafa Kemal Erzurum kongresine sivil olarak kat\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r, bu kongrede; \u201cUlusal s\u0131n\u0131rlar i\u00e7inde vatan bir b\u00fct\u00fcnd\u00fcr b\u00f6l\u00fcnemez\u201d denmi\u015f, manda ve himaye reddetmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n<h4><strong><u>Sivas Kongresi<\/u><\/strong><\/h4>\n<p>Mustafa Kemal Erzurum\u2019dan Sivas\u2019a ge\u00e7mi\u015ftir. 4 Eyl\u00fcl 1919 tarihinde Sivas kongresi d\u00fczenlenmi\u015f. Erzurum Kongresi kararlar\u0131 kabul edilmi\u015f. Temsil Heyeti olu\u015fturulmu\u015f, ba\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131na da Mustafa Kemal getirilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n<p><strong><u>Temsil Heyetinin Ankara\u2019ya Gelmesi (27 Aral\u0131k 1919) <\/u><\/strong><br \/>\nMill\u00ee M\u00fccadelenin merkezi olarak Ankara se\u00e7ilmi\u015ftir. Ankara\u2019n\u0131n se\u00e7ilme sebebi; G\u00fcvenli olmas\u0131, i\u015fgale u\u011framam\u0131\u015f bir yer olmas\u0131 ve Kolordu\u2019nun burada bulunmas\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p><strong><u>T\u00fcrkiye B\u00fcy\u00fck Millet Meclisinin (TBMM) A\u00e7\u0131l\u0131\u015f\u0131<\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n<p>T\u00fcrkiye B\u00fcy\u00fck Millet Meclisi 23 Nisan 1920 tarihinde Ankara\u2019da t\u00f6renle a\u00e7\u0131ld\u0131.<\/p>\n<p>TBMM\u2019nin a\u00e7\u0131lmas\u0131yla yeni T\u00fcrk devletin temelleri at\u0131lm\u0131\u015f oldu. Devleti y\u00f6netme yetkisi halk taraf\u0131ndan se\u00e7ilen milletvekillerine verildi. B\u00f6ylece T\u00fcrk milleti verdi\u011fi kararlar ile gelece\u011fine karar verme hakk\u0131na sahip oldu. D\u00fczenli ordunun kurulmas\u0131yla yurdun her yerinde d\u00fc\u015fman\u0131 atmak i\u00e7in uzun ve zorlu sava\u015flar ba\u015flad\u0131.<\/p>\n<h3><strong><u>Kurtulu\u015f Sava\u015f\u0131<\/u><\/strong><\/h3>\n<h4><strong>DO\u011eU CEPHES\u0130<\/strong><\/h4>\n<p>Do\u011fu cephesinde <strong>Kaz\u0131m Karabekir<\/strong> komutas\u0131ndaki askerlerle <strong>Ermeniler<\/strong> sava\u015fm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Sava\u015f\u0131 Kaz\u0131m Karabekir ve ordusu kazanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu sava\u015f sonunda, Ermenilerle <strong>3 Aral\u0131k 1920\u2019de G\u00fcmr\u00fc Antla\u015fmas\u0131<\/strong> imzalanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu antla\u015fma, TBMM\u2019nin imzalad\u0131\u011f\u0131 ilk antla\u015fmad\u0131r<strong>.<\/strong><\/p>\n<h4><strong>G\u00dcNEY CEPHES\u0130<\/strong><\/h4>\n<p><strong>\u015eahin Bey<\/strong> liderli\u011findeki yerel kuvvetler ve Kuvay\u0131 Milliye birlikleri Antep, Mara\u015f ve Urfa\u2019da Frans\u0131zlara kar\u015f\u0131 kahramanca sava\u015fm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.\u00a0\u00a0 Mara\u015f&#8217;taki ilk direni\u015f,\u00a0<strong>S\u00fct\u00e7\u00fc \u0130mam<\/strong> ba\u015flatm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Urfa<\/strong>\u2019da <strong>Ali Saip Bey<\/strong> halk\u0131 \u00f6rg\u00fctlemi\u015f ve halktan olu\u015fan 3000 ki\u015filik bir askeri g\u00fc\u00e7 olu\u015fturmu\u015f ve Urfa\u2019n\u0131n kurtulu\u015funda \u00f6nemli rol oynam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<br \/>\nG\u00fcney Cephesi,\u00a0Frans\u0131zlarla yap\u0131lan Ankara Anla\u015fmas\u0131 ile son bulmu\u015ftur. 20 Ekim 1921 tarihinde Frans\u0131zlarla imzalanan bu anla\u015fma ile\u00a0G\u00fcney Cephesi\u00a0tamamen kapanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<br \/>\nHalk\u0131n g\u00f6sterdi\u011fi bu kahramanl\u0131klar nedeniyle TBMM taraf\u0131ndan;<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Antep\u2019e<strong> Gazi<\/strong><\/li>\n<li>Mara\u015f\u2019a <strong>Kahraman <\/strong><\/li>\n<li>Urfa\u2019ya da <strong>\u015eanl\u0131 <\/strong>unvanlar\u0131 verildi.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4><strong>BATI CEPHES\u0130<\/strong><\/h4>\n<p>Bat\u0131 Cephesi\u2019ndeki sava\u015f, Yunanl\u0131lar\u0131n \u0130zmir\u2019i i\u015fgal etmesiyle ba\u015flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bunun \u00fczerine TBMM taraf\u0131ndan olu\u015fturulan d\u00fczenli ordu, bu cephede 5 sava\u015f yapm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p>BATI CEPHES\u0130 SAVA\u015eLARI<\/p>\n<p>1- . \u0130n\u00f6n\u00fc Sava\u015f\u0131<br \/>\n<strong>2-<\/strong> 2. \u0130n\u00f6n\u00fc Sava\u015f\u0131<br \/>\n<strong>3-<\/strong> Eski\u015fehir- K\u00fctahya Sava\u015f\u0131<br \/>\n<strong>4-<\/strong> Sakarya Sava\u015f\u0131<br \/>\n<strong>5-<\/strong> B\u00fcy\u00fck Taarruz<\/p>\n<p><strong>Bat\u0131 Cephesinde yap\u0131lan sava\u015flar \u015funlard\u0131r:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong><u>a) 1. ve 2. \u0130n\u00f6n\u00fc Sava\u015flar\u0131 (1921)<\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>D\u00fczenli ordu ilk ba\u015far\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 Bat\u0131 Cephesindeki \u0130n\u00f6n\u00fc Sava\u015flar\u0131nda kazand\u0131.<\/li>\n<li>ve 2. \u0130n\u00f6n\u00fc Sava\u015flar\u0131n\u0131 Yunanistan kaybetti.<\/li>\n<li>ve 2. \u0130n\u00f6n\u00fc Sava\u015flar\u0131n\u0131n ard\u0131ndan halk\u0131n d\u00fczenli orduya g\u00fcveni artt\u0131 ve moraller y\u00fckseldi.<\/li>\n<li>Mustafa Kemal <u>Bat\u0131 Cephesi Komutan\u0131 \u0130smet Pa\u015fa\u2019ya<\/u> \u015f\u00f6yle bir kutlama telgraf\u0131 \u00e7ekti:<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u2018\u2019Siz orada yaln\u0131z d\u00fc\u015fman\u0131 de\u011fil, milletin ters giden tarihini de yendiniz.\u2019\u2019<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong><u>b) Sakarya Meydan Muharebesi(Sava\u015f\u0131)<\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>Tarih:<\/strong>23 A\u011fustos 1921&#8212;13 Eyl\u00fcl 1921<\/p>\n<p>Yunanistan 10 Temmuz 1921\u2019de yeniden h\u00fccuma ge\u00e7ti. Mustafa Kemal ordumuzu Sakarya Nehri\u2019nin do\u011fusuna \u00e7ekti. Ordumuzun geri \u00e7ekilmesiyle K\u00fctahya, Eski\u015fehir ve Afyon Yunanistan\u2019\u0131n eline ge\u00e7ti. Bu zor durum kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda Mustafa Kemal T.B.M.M.\u2019den Ba\u015fkomutanl\u0131k yetkisini ald\u0131.<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00d6nemli: Mustafa Kemal\u2019e Ba\u015fkomutanl\u0131k yetkisi Sakarya Sava\u015f\u0131\u2019ndan \u00f6nce verilmi\u015ftir.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Ordumuz \u00e7ok zor durumda oldu\u011fu i\u00e7in halk\u0131n orduya yard\u0131m etmesi gerekliydi. Bunun i\u00e7in Mustafa Kemal, Tek\u00e2lif-i Milliye (Milli Y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fckler) emirlerini yay\u0131mlad\u0131. Bu emriler ile halktan orduya yard\u0131mlar gelmeye ba\u015flad\u0131. Ordumuz sava\u015f i\u00e7in gereken haz\u0131rl\u0131klar\u0131 <em>yapt\u0131.<\/em><\/p>\n<p>23 A\u011fustos 1921\u2019de Yunan ordusu sald\u0131r\u0131ya ba\u015flad\u0131.22 g\u00fcn ve 22 gece s\u00fcren sava\u015f\u0131 Mustafa Kemal\u2019in komutanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 T\u00fcrk ordusu kazand\u0131.<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00d6nemli:<\/strong> Sakarya Sava\u015f\u0131\u2019nda ki kahramanl\u0131klar\u0131ndan dolay\u0131 Mustafa Kemal\u2019e\u00a0\u00a0 <strong>\u2018\u2019Gazi\u2019\u2019<\/strong> unvan\u0131\u00a0 ve\u00a0\u00a0 <strong>\u2018\u2019Mare\u015fal\u2019\u2019<\/strong>\u00a0 r\u00fctbesi verildi<\/p>\n<p><strong>Sava\u015f\u0131n Sonucu:<\/strong> Sakarya Sava\u015f\u0131\u2019n\u0131 Yunanl\u0131lar kaybetti, T\u00fcrk ordusu kazand\u0131.<\/p>\n<p><strong><u>c) B\u00fcy\u00fck Taarruz ve Ba\u015fkumandan Meydan Muharebesi<\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Mustafa Kemal Sakarya Zaferi\u2019nin ard\u0131ndan yeni bir sava\u015f\u0131n haz\u0131rl\u0131klar\u0131na ba\u015flad\u0131.<\/li>\n<li>Orduyu g\u00fc\u00e7lendirdi.<\/li>\n<li>26 A\u011fustos 1922\u2019de taarruz (Sava\u015f) emrini verdi.<\/li>\n<li>30 A\u011fustos 1922\u2019de Yunan birlikleri Dumlup\u0131nar\u2019da ku\u015fat\u0131ld\u0131.<\/li>\n<li>B\u00fcy\u00fck Taarruz Sava\u015f\u0131 tarihte Ba\u015fkumandan Meydan Muhaberesi diyerek te adland\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r.<\/li>\n<li>Bu Sava\u015f Yunan ordusunun a\u011f\u0131r yenilgisiyle sonu\u00e7land\u0131.<\/li>\n<li>Sava\u015f\u0131n ard\u0131ndan Mustafa Kemal: \u2018<strong>\u2019Ordular ilk hedefiniz Akdeniz\u2019dir, ileri\u2019\u2019<\/strong> emrini verdi.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Bu emri alan ordular\u0131m\u0131z 9 Eyl\u00fcl 1922\u2019de \u0130zmir\u2019e girdi. Burada ki d\u00fc\u015fmanlar yenilgiye u\u011frat\u0131ld\u0131ktan sonra ordumuz Bo\u011fazlara ve \u0130stanbul\u2019a do\u011fru yola \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131lar. T\u00fcrk ordusuyla sava\u015f\u0131 g\u00f6ze alamayan \u0130ngiltere, Fransa ve \u0130talya T\u00fcrk h\u00fck\u00fcmetine ate\u015fkes teklifinde bulundular. Bunun \u00fczerine Mudanya Ate\u015fkes Antla\u015fmas\u0131 imzaland\u0131.<\/p>\n<p><strong><u>Mudanya Ate\u015fkes Antla\u015fmas\u0131<\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Tarih: 11 Ekim 1922<\/p>\n<p>Bu antla\u015fmada T\u00fcrkiye\u2019yi \u0130smet Pa\u015fa (\u0130smet \u0130n\u00f6n\u00fc) temsil etti.<\/p>\n<p>Bu antla\u015fma ile sava\u015flar sona erdi.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Bo\u011fazlar, \u0130stanbul ve Do\u011fu Trakya sava\u015f yap\u0131lmadan kurtar\u0131ld\u0131.<\/li>\n<li>Vatan\u0131m\u0131z\u0131n kurtulu\u015fu ba\u015fta Mustafa Kemal olmak \u00fczere Fevzi \u00c7akmak, \u0130smet \u0130n\u00f6n\u00fc, Kaz\u0131m Karabekir gibi ba\u015far\u0131l\u0131 askerlerin eseridir.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><u>Lozan Bar\u0131\u015f Antla\u015fmas\u0131<\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>Tarih:<\/strong> 24 Temmuz 1923<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Bar\u0131\u015f Antla\u015fmas\u0131 \u0130svi\u00e7re\u2019nin Lozan \u015eehrinde ba\u015flad\u0131.<\/li>\n<li>Lozan Bar\u0131\u015f Antla\u015fmas\u0131\u2019nda \u00fclkemizi \u0130smet Pa\u015fa temsil etti.<\/li>\n<li>Lozan Bar\u0131\u015f Antla\u015fmas\u0131 ile vatan\u0131m\u0131z\u0131n bug\u00fcnk\u00fc s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131 b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde \u00e7izildi.<\/li>\n<li>Yeni T\u00fcrk devletini b\u00fct\u00fcn d\u00fcnya tan\u0131d\u0131.<\/li>\n<li>Lozan Bar\u0131\u015f Antla\u015fmas\u0131\u2019n\u0131n ard\u0131ndan d\u00fc\u015fman askerleri \u0130stanbul\u2019dan ayr\u0131ld\u0131lar.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><strong><u>Cumhuriyetin \u0130lan\u0131<\/u><\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>Kurtulu\u015f Sava\u015f\u0131\u2019n\u0131n kazan\u0131lmas\u0131ndan sonra art\u0131k yeni devletimizin ba\u015fkentini ve y\u00f6netim bi\u00e7imini belirlemeye s\u0131ra gelmi\u015fti.<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00d6nemli: <em>13 Ekim 1923\u2019te \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lan bir yasayla Ankara ba\u015fkent oldu.<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00d6nemli:<\/strong> Yeni kurulan devlete yak\u0131\u015fan en g\u00fczel y\u00f6netim \u015feklinin Cumhuriyet oldu\u011funa karar verildi ve 29 Ekim 1923\u2019te Cumhuriyet ilan edildi <strong><em>ve Mustafa Kemal T\u00fcrkiye Cumhuriyeti\u2019nin ilk cumhurba\u015fkan\u0131 se\u00e7ildi. \u0130lk ba\u015fbakan ise \u0130smet \u0130n\u00f6n\u00fc oldu.<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>Baz\u0131 \u00d6nemli Olaylar\u0131n Tarihleri ve Kronolojik S\u0131ras\u0131<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Trablusgarp Sava\u015f\u0131&#8212;&#8211; 1911<\/li>\n<li>\u00c7anakkale Sava\u015f\u0131&#8212;- 18 Mart 1915<\/li>\n<li>Mondros Ate\u015fkes Antla\u015fmas\u0131&#8212;- 30 Ekim 1918<\/li>\n<li>Atat\u00fcrk\u2019\u00fcn Samsun\u2019a \u00e7\u0131kmas\u0131&#8212;- 19 May\u0131s 1919<\/li>\n<li>Amasya Genelgesi\u2019nin yay\u0131mlanmas\u0131&#8212;- 22 Haziran 1919<\/li>\n<li>Erzurum Kongresi &#8212;- 23 Temmuz-7 A\u011fustos 1919<\/li>\n<li>Sivas Kongresi&#8212;- 4-11 Eyl\u00fcl 1919<\/li>\n<li>T\u00fcrkiye B\u00fcy\u00fck Millet Meclisi\u2019nin (T.B.M.M.) a\u00e7\u0131lmas\u0131&#8212;- 23 Nisan 1920<\/li>\n<li>\u0130n\u00f6n\u00fc Sava\u015f\u0131&#8212;- 9-11 Ocak 1921<\/li>\n<li>\u0130n\u00f6n\u00fc Sava\u015f\u0131&#8212;-23 Mart 1921<\/li>\n<li>Sakarya Meydan Muharebesi&#8212;- 23 A\u011fustos-13 Eyl\u00fcl 1921(22 g\u00fcn)<\/li>\n<li>B\u00fcy\u00fck Taarruz ve Ba\u015fkumandan Meydan Muharebesi&#8212;- 30 A\u011fustos 1922<\/li>\n<li>\u0130zmir\u2019in kurtulu\u015fu &#8212;- 9 Eyl\u00fcl 1922<\/li>\n<li>Mudanya Ate\u015fkes Antla\u015fmas\u0131&#8212;- 11 Ekim 1922<\/li>\n<li>Lozan Bar\u0131\u015f Antla\u015fmas\u0131&#8212;- 24 Temmuz 1923<\/li>\n<li>Ankara\u2019n\u0131n ba\u015fkent olmas\u0131&#8212;- 13 Ekim 1923<\/li>\n<li>Cumhuriyet\u2019in ilan\u0131&#8212;- 29 Ekim 1923<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>\u00d6NEML\u0130 NOT:<\/strong> Atat\u00fcrk\u2019\u00fcn Samsun\u2019a \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131\u011f\u0131 <strong>19 May\u0131s <\/strong>(1919) &#8212;Atat\u00fcrk\u2019\u00fc Anma Gen\u00e7lik ve Spor Bayram\u0131 ilan edildi.<\/p>\n<p>T\u00fcrkiye B\u00fcy\u00fck Millet Meclisi\u2019nin (T.B.M.M.) a\u00e7\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 <strong>23 Nisan <\/strong>(1920) &#8212;Ulusal Egemenlik ve \u00c7ocuk Bayram\u0131 ilan edildi.<\/p>\n<p>Cumhuriyetin kuruldu\u011fu <strong>29 Ekim <\/strong>(1923) &#8212; Cumhuriyet Bayram\u0131 ilan edildi.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0130\u00e7erik Ad\u0131: 4. S\u0131n\u0131f Milli M\u00fccadele D\u00f6nemi Konu \u00d6zeti M\u0130LL\u0130 M\u00dcCADELE D\u00d6NEM\u0130 Trablusgarp Sava\u015f\u0131 Tarih:1911 Sava\u015fan devletler: Osmanl\u0131 Devleti&#8212;\u0130talya Sava\u015f\u0131n nedeni: \u0130talya\u2019n\u0131n, g\u00fc\u00e7s\u00fcz duruma d\u00fc\u015fen Osmanl\u0131 topraklar\u0131n\u0131 almak istemesi. Not: Osmanl\u0131 Devleti Trablusgarp\u2019a asker g\u00f6nderecek durumda de\u011fildi. Bu nedenle bu sava\u015fa g\u00f6n\u00fcll\u00fc olan subaylar kat\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Mustafa Kemal\u2019de g\u00f6n\u00fcll\u00fc olan subaylar\u0131n aras\u0131ndad\u0131r. Bu onun vatanseverli\u011fini g\u00f6stermektedir. &#8230; <a title=\"4. S\u0131n\u0131f Milli M\u00fccadele D\u00f6nemi Konu \u00d6zeti\" class=\"read-more\" href=\"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/4-sinif-milli-mucadele-donemi-konu-ozeti-2.html\" aria-label=\"More on 4. S\u0131n\u0131f Milli M\u00fccadele D\u00f6nemi Konu \u00d6zeti\">Devam\u0131n\u0131 oku&#8230;<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":76877,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[14],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/76874"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=76874"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/76874\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/76877"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=76874"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=76874"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=76874"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}