{"id":74607,"date":"2018-12-02T21:08:29","date_gmt":"2018-12-02T18:08:29","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/?p=74607"},"modified":"2018-12-02T21:08:29","modified_gmt":"2018-12-02T18:08:29","slug":"4-sinif-milli-mucadele-donemi-konu-ozeti","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/4-sinif-milli-mucadele-donemi-konu-ozeti.html","title":{"rendered":"4. s\u0131n\u0131f milli m\u00fccadele d\u00f6nemi konu \u00f6zeti"},"content":{"rendered":"

M\u0130LL\u0130 M\u00dcCADELE D\u00d6NEM\u0130 \u00d6ZET<\/u><\/strong><\/h2>\n

D\u00fcnya Sava\u015f\u0131<\/strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n

1914 – 1918 y\u0131llar\u0131nda b\u00fcy\u00fck devletlerin kat\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir sava\u015f yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Sava\u015f\u0131n sonu\u00e7lar\u0131 b\u00fct\u00fcn d\u00fcnyay\u0131 etkiledi\u011fi i\u00e7in<\/strong> bu sava\u015fa I. D\u00fcnya Sava\u015f\u0131 ad\u0131 verilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

Sava\u015f\u0131n \u00c7\u0131k\u0131\u015f Nedeni<\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n

G\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc devletlerin, g\u00fc\u00e7s\u00fcz devletlerin topraklar\u0131n\u0131 ele ge\u00e7irme arzusu.<\/p>\n

* 1. D\u00fcnya Sava\u015f\u0131\u2019nda Osmanl\u0131 Devleti, Almanya yan\u0131nda yer alm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n

* 1. D\u00fcnya Sava\u015f\u0131 sonunda Almanya yenilince Osmanl\u0131 Devleti de yenik say\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n

\u0130T\u0130LAF DEVLETLER\u0130<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n

\u0130ngiltere, Fransa, Rusya, \u0130talya, Yunanistan ve Ermenistan ( \u0130talya daha \u00f6nce \u0130ttifak devletleri aras\u0131nda iken daha sonra \u0130tilaf devletleri aras\u0131na kat\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. )<\/p>\n

\u0130TT\u0130FAK DEVLETLER\u0130<\/span>
\n<\/strong><\/h3>\n

Almanya, Osmanl\u0131 Devleti, Avusturya- Macaristan \u0130mparatorlu\u011fu ve Bulgaristan.<\/p>\n

S\u00f6m\u00fcrgeci Avrupa devletleri Osmanl\u0131 topraklar\u0131\u00adn\u0131 payla\u015fma konusunda anla\u015fm\u0131\u015f\u00adlard\u0131. Bu devletlerden \u0130talya\u2019ya kar\u015f\u0131 1911\u2019de Trablusgarp<\/strong>\u2019ta sava\u015fan Mustafa Kemal, 1914\u2019ten 1918 y\u0131l\u0131na kadar s\u00fcren Birinci D\u00fcnya Sava\u015f\u0131\u2019nda da \u00e7e\u015fitli cephelerde g\u00f6revler \u00fcstlendi. \u00c7anakkale<\/strong> Cephesi\u2019nde kazand\u0131\u011f\u0131 zaferden dolay\u0131 halk aras\u0131nda \u201cAnafartalar Kahraman\u0131\u201d olarak tan\u0131nd\u0131.<\/p>\n

Osmanl\u0131 Devleti 30 Ekim 1918\u2019de imzalad\u0131\u011f\u0131 Mondros Ate\u015fkes Anla\u015fmas\u0131\u2019<\/strong>yla ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ve kendini savunma imk\u00e2nlar\u0131n\u0131 kaybetti. \u0130ngiltere, Fransa ve \u0130talya<\/strong> ate\u015fkes anla\u015fmas\u0131na dayanarak terhis edilen ordumuzun silahlar\u0131na el koydu. Limanlar\u0131m\u0131z\u0131, demir yollar\u0131m\u0131z\u0131 ve telgrafhanelerimizi denetimleri alt\u0131na al\u0131p topraklar\u0131m\u0131z\u0131 i\u015fgal ettiler.<\/p>\n

Mustafa Kemal<\/strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n

19 May\u0131s 1919\u2019da<\/strong> Mill\u00ee M\u00fccadele\u2019yi ba\u015flatmak \u00fczere Samsun\u2019a ayak bast\u0131.<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0130lk i\u015f olarak arkada\u015flar\u0131yla mill\u00ee bilinci uyand\u0131rmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131.Havza ve Amasya\u2019dan<\/strong> genelgeler yay\u0131mlad\u0131. Bu genelgelerde T\u00fcrk milletine yurdumuzun i\u00e7inde bulundu\u011fu durumu ve kurtulu\u015f yolunu anlatt\u0131. Halktan i\u015fgallere kar\u015f\u0131 protesto mitingleri d\u00fczenlemesini ve m\u00fccadele etmesini istedi.<\/p>\n

Erzurum Kongresi<\/strong>\u2019nde vatan\u0131n b\u00f6l\u00fcnmez bir b\u00fct\u00fcn oldu\u011funu<\/strong> vurgulad\u0131.\u201cVatan bir b\u00fct\u00fcnd\u00fcr b\u00f6l\u00fcnemez\u201d<\/p>\n

Sivas Kongresi\u2019nde<\/strong> ise mill\u00ee cemiyetleri tek \u00e7at\u0131 alt\u0131nda<\/strong> toplayarak birlik ve beraberli\u011fi sa\u011flad\u0131.<\/p>\n

Ankara<\/strong>\u2019ya geldi.
\n23 Nisan 1920\u2019de<\/strong> T\u00fcrk milletinin kendi i\u00e7inden se\u00e7erek Ankara\u2019ya g\u00f6nderdi\u011fi vekillerle birlikte B\u00fcy\u00fck Millet Meclisi<\/strong>ni a\u00e7t\u0131. B\u00f6ylece Ankara, Mill\u00ee M\u00fccadele\u2019nin merkezi h\u00e2line geldi.<\/p>\n

Mustafa Kemal B\u00fcy\u00fck Millet Meclisi ba\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131na se\u00e7ilerek<\/strong> Mill\u00ee M\u00fccadele\u2019nin lideri oldu.<\/p>\n

Do\u011fu Cephesi<\/u><\/strong><\/span>
\n<\/u><\/h3>\n

Komutan\u0131 Kimdir ?\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 : K\u00e2z\u0131m Karabekir<\/p>\n

Kiminle sava\u015f\u0131ld\u0131 ?\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 : \u0130tilaf Devletleri\u2019nin deste\u011fiyle Do\u011fu Anadolu\u2019ya giren Ermenilerle sava\u015f\u0131ld\u0131.
\nHangi birlikler sava\u015ft\u0131 ?\u00a0\u00a0 : 15. Kolordu
\nSava\u015f\u0131n sonucu nedir ?\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 : Ermeniler yenildi. Bug\u00fcnk\u00fc do\u011fu s\u0131n\u0131r\u0131m\u0131z\u0131n \u00f6tesine at\u0131ld\u0131lar.
\nYap\u0131lan Anla\u015fma nedir ? :\u00a0 G\u00fcmr\u00fc Anla\u015fmas\u0131 ( 3 Aral\u0131k 1920 )
\nBu anla\u015fma kimler aras\u0131nda yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r ?\u00a0 Ankara h\u00fck\u00fcmeti ile Ermenistan aras\u0131nda<\/p>\n

Bu anla\u015fman\u0131n \u00f6nemi nedir ? : Ankara h\u00fck\u00fbmetinin uluslararas\u0131 alanda kazand\u0131\u011f\u0131 ilk siyasi ba\u015far\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n

G\u00fcney Cephesi<\/u><\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n

* Frans\u0131zlar, Adana, Mara\u015f, Antep ve Urfa\u2019y\u0131 i\u015fgal ettiler.
\n* B\u00f6lgede ya\u015fayan Ermeniler\u2019i silahland\u0131rd\u0131lar.<\/p>\n

* Kuvay\u0131milliye birlikleri kuruldu.<\/p>\n

G\u00fcney Cephesi Kahramanlar\u0131<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n

*Adana\u2019da<\/strong> Osmaniyeli Tayyar Rahmiye Han\u0131m\u00a0 – \u015eehit oldu.
\n* Mara\u015f\u2019ta<\/strong> d\u00fc\u015fmana ilk kur\u015funu atarak kurtulu\u015f m\u00fccadelesini ba\u015flatan S\u00fct\u00e7\u00fc \u0130mam\u2019d\u0131r
\n* Urfa<\/strong>\u2019da Ali Saip Bey<\/p>\n

* Antep\u2019te<\/strong> \u015eahin Bey<\/p>\n

SONU\u00c7<\/span>
\n<\/u><\/strong><\/h3>\n

Frans\u0131zlar<\/strong> 20 Ekim 1921\u2019de TBMM h\u00fck\u00fbmeti ile Ankara Anla\u015fmas\u0131\u2019n\u0131 imzalayarak \u00e7ekildiler.<\/p>\n

Bat\u0131 Cephesi<\/u><\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n

* Yunanlar 15 May\u0131s 1919\u2019da<\/strong> \u0130zmir\u2019e asker \u00e7\u0131kard\u0131lar.
\n* Yunanlarla sava\u015f\u0131ld\u0131.<\/p>\n

Bat\u0131 Cephesi Kahramanlar\u0131<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n

* \u0130zmir\u2019in i\u015fgaline kar\u015f\u0131 ilk tepki gazeteci Hasan Tahsin\u2019den geldi. Kendisi \u015fehit oldu.<\/p>\n

* Y\u00f6r\u00fck Ali Efe, Yunan i\u015fgaline kar\u015f\u0131 Ayd\u0131n\u2019da ilk Kuvay\u0131milliye te\u015fkilat\u0131n\u0131 kurarak silahl\u0131 m\u00fccadeleyi ba\u015flatt\u0131. D\u00fczenli ordunun kurulmas\u0131 \u00fczerine sava\u015f tecr\u00fcbesine sahip grubu ile birlikte BMM ordusuna
\nkat\u0131ld\u0131. \u0130stiklal Madalyas\u0131 ile \u00f6d\u00fcllendirildi.<\/p>\n

* Kuvay\u0131milliye\u2019nin yetersiz kalmas\u0131 \u00fczerine<\/strong> BMM taraf\u0131ndan Bat\u0131 Cephesi Komutanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ad\u0131yla d\u00fczenli ordu birlikleri kuruldu.<\/strong> Bat\u0131 Cephesi Komutanl\u0131\u011f\u0131na \u00f6nce Ali Fuat Pa\u015fa daha sonra da Albay \u0130smet Bey atand\u0131.<\/p>\n

Albay \u0130smet Bey ( \u0130n\u00f6n\u00fc )<\/span>
\n<\/strong>* \u0130n\u00f6n\u00fc soyad\u0131n\u0131 ald\u0131.<\/h3>\n

*\u00a0 Mudanya\u00a0 M\u00fctarekesi g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fmelerinde ve Lozan Bar\u0131\u015f Konferans\u0131\u2019nda\u00a0 T\u00fcrkiye\u2019yi temsil etti.<\/p>\n

*\u00a0 T\u00fcrkiye Cumhuriyeti\u2019nin ilk ba\u015fbakan\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n

* Albay \u0130smet Bey komutas\u0131ndaki d\u00fczenli ordu birlikleri Bat\u0131 Cephesi\u2019ndeki ilk ba\u015far\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131 \u0130n\u00f6n\u00fc Sava\u015flar\u0131nda<\/strong> ( I. \u0130n\u00f6n\u00fc ve\u00a0 II. \u0130n\u00f6n\u00fc ) kazand\u0131.
\nMustafa Kemal bunun \u00fczerine \u0130smet Pa\u015fa\u2019ya\u00a0 \u201cSiz orada yaln\u0131z d\u00fc\u015fman\u0131 de\u011fil milletin ters giden talihini de yendiniz.\u201d <\/strong>demi\u015ftir.
\n\u0130n\u00f6n\u00fc zaferlerinin \u00f6nemi :<\/strong> T\u00fcrk milletinin TBMM\u2019ye ve d\u00fczenli orduya g\u00fcvenini art\u0131rd\u0131.<\/p>\n

* \u0130n\u00f6n\u00fc Sava\u015flar\u0131nda geri p\u00fcsk\u00fcrt\u00fclen Yunan Ordusu, 10 Temmuz 1921\u2019de Ankara\u2019ya do\u011fru yeniden h\u00fccuma ge\u00e7ti. TBMM Ba\u015fkan\u0131 Mustafa Kemal, g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc Yunan taarruzu kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda kay\u0131p vermemek i\u00e7in ordumuzu Sakarya Nehri\u2019nin do\u011fusuna \u00e7ekti.<\/strong><\/p>\n

K\u00fctahya-Eski\u015fehir Sava\u015flar\u0131nda<\/strong> T\u00fcrk ordusu geri \u00e7ekilmek zorunda kald\u0131.Bunun \u00fczerine Afyon, K\u00fctahya ve Eski\u015fehir Yunan i\u015fgaline u\u011frad\u0131.<\/p>\n

Sakarya Meydan Muharebesi<\/strong> 23 A\u011fustos 1921\u2019de Yunan Ordusunun h\u00fccumuyla ba\u015flad\u0131. 22 g\u00fcn geceli g\u00fcnd\u00fczl\u00fc devam eden bu b\u00fcy\u00fck sava\u015f T\u00fcrk Ordusunun zaferiyle sonu\u00e7land\u0131. Ba\u015fkomutan Mustafa Kemal Pa\u015fa askerlere emir verdi:
\n“Hatt\u0131 m\u00fcdafaa yoktur, sath-\u0131 m\u00fcdafaa vard\u0131r. O sat\u0131h b\u00fct\u00fcn vatand\u0131r. Vatan\u0131n her kar\u0131\u015f topra\u011f\u0131, vatanda\u015f\u0131n kan\u0131yla \u0131slanmad\u0131k\u00e7a terk olunamaz.”
\n<\/strong>
\nSakarya Zaferi yurdun her yerinde b\u00fcy\u00fck co\u015fkuyla kutland\u0131. TBMM, kazand\u0131\u011f\u0131 bu zafer
\nnedeniyle Mustafa Kemal Pa\u015fa\u2019ya<\/strong> \u201cMare\u015fal\u201d r\u00fctbesini ve \u201cGazi\u201d unvan\u0131n\u0131 verdi.Sakarya Zaferi\u2019nin kazan\u0131lmas\u0131nda cephedeki Mehmet\u00e7ik kadar cephe gerisinde mermi
\nta\u015f\u0131yan insanlar\u0131m\u0131z\u0131n da \u00f6nemli pay\u0131 vard\u0131r.\u00a0 O g\u00fcnlerde \u0130stanbul\u2019dan gizlice ele ge\u00e7irilen silah
\nve cephaneler Kastamonu\u2019nun Karadeniz k\u0131y\u0131\u00ads\u0131ndaki il\u00e7esi \u0130nebolu\u2019ya oradan da Ankara\u2019ya
\nta\u015f\u0131n\u0131yordu. Mermi ta\u015f\u0131yanlardan biri de Kastamonulu \u015eerife Bac\u0131 idi.<\/p>\n

Ba\u015fkomutan Mustafa Kemal Pa\u015fa,<\/strong> Sakarya Zaferi\u2019ni kazand\u0131ktan sonra d\u00fc\u015fman\u0131 yurttan kesin olarak atmak i\u00e7in harekete ge\u00e7ti.<\/strong> T\u00fcrk Ordusunu asker say\u0131s\u0131, silah ve cephane bak\u0131m\u0131ndan g\u00fc\u00e7lendirerek taarruz haz\u0131rl\u0131klar\u0131na h\u0131z verdi. Bu haz\u0131rl\u0131klar s\u0131ras\u0131nda onun en yak\u0131n yard\u0131mc\u0131lar\u0131ndan biri Genelkurmay Ba\u015fkan\u0131 Fevzi Pa\u015fa oldu.<\/p>\n

Ba\u015fkomutan Mustafa Kemal, haz\u0131rl\u0131klar\u0131n tamamlanmas\u0131n\u0131n ard\u0131ndan 26 A\u011fustos 1922\u2019de taarruz (sald\u0131r\u0131) emrini verdi.<\/strong> 30 A\u011fustos\u2019ta Yunan birliklerini Dumlup\u0131nar\u2019da ku\u015fatt\u0131. Tarihe Ba\u015fkomutanl\u0131k Meydan Muharebesi olarak ge\u00e7en bu sava\u015f Yunan ordusunun a\u011f\u0131r yenilgisiyle sonu\u00e7land\u0131. Bundan sonra Mustafa Kemal\u2019in \u201cOrdular! \u0130lk hedefiniz Akdeniz\u2019dir, ileri!\u201d<\/strong> emrini alan T\u00fcrk ordusu 9 Eyl\u00fcl\u2019de \u0130zmir\u2019e girdi. Oradan da Bo\u011fazlar b\u00f6lgesine ve \u0130stanbul\u2019a do\u011fru y\u00fcr\u00fcy\u00fc\u015fe ge\u00e7ti. Bunun \u00fczerine sava\u015f\u0131 g\u00f6ze alamayan \u0130tilaf Devletleri<\/strong> T\u00fcrk h\u00fck\u00fbmetine ate\u015fkes teklifinde bulundu.<\/strong><\/p>\n

Bursa\u2019n\u0131n Mudanya<\/strong> kasabas\u0131nda yap\u0131lan g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fmeler 11 Ekim 1922\u2019de<\/strong> ate\u015fkes\u00a0 anla\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131n imzalanmas\u0131yla sonu\u00e7land\u0131. Bu anla\u015fmayla i\u015fgal alt\u0131ndaki Bo\u011fazlar b\u00f6lgesi<\/strong>, \u0130stanbul<\/strong> ve Do\u011fu Trakya<\/strong> sava\u015f yap\u0131lmadan kurtar\u0131ld\u0131.<\/u>\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a> \"\"<\/a> \"\"<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

M\u0130LL\u0130 M\u00dcCADELE D\u00d6NEM\u0130 \u00d6ZET D\u00fcnya Sava\u015f\u0131\u00a0 1914 – 1918 y\u0131llar\u0131nda b\u00fcy\u00fck devletlerin kat\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir sava\u015f yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Sava\u015f\u0131n sonu\u00e7lar\u0131 b\u00fct\u00fcn d\u00fcnyay\u0131 etkiledi\u011fi i\u00e7in bu sava\u015fa I. D\u00fcnya Sava\u015f\u0131 ad\u0131 verilmi\u015ftir. Sava\u015f\u0131n \u00c7\u0131k\u0131\u015f Nedeni G\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc devletlerin, g\u00fc\u00e7s\u00fcz devletlerin topraklar\u0131n\u0131 ele ge\u00e7irme arzusu. * 1. D\u00fcnya Sava\u015f\u0131\u2019nda Osmanl\u0131 Devleti, Almanya yan\u0131nda yer alm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. * 1. D\u00fcnya Sava\u015f\u0131 sonunda … Devam\u0131n\u0131 oku…<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":74608,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[14],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-74607","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-sosyal-bilgiler"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/74607","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=74607"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/74607\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/74608"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=74607"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=74607"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=74607"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}