{"id":72414,"date":"2018-02-23T15:01:10","date_gmt":"2018-02-23T12:01:10","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/?p=72414"},"modified":"2018-02-23T15:01:10","modified_gmt":"2018-02-23T12:01:10","slug":"fransiz-ihtilalinin-nedenleri-sonuclari-osmanli-devletine-etkileri","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/fransiz-ihtilalinin-nedenleri-sonuclari-osmanli-devletine-etkileri.html","title":{"rendered":"Frans\u0131z \u0130htilalinin nedenleri, sonu\u00e7lar\u0131, osmanl\u0131 devletine etkileri"},"content":{"rendered":"

Frans\u0131z \u0130htilali\u2019nin nedenleri<\/strong><\/p>\n

* Fransa\u2019da Kral\u0131n halk\u0131 k\u00f6le gibi g\u00f6rmesi,<\/p>\n

* Yedi Y\u0131l Sava\u015flar\u0131 ve Amerikan ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131k sava\u015f\u0131 nedeniyle iyice artan b\u00fct\u00e7e a\u00e7\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131n kapat\u0131lmas\u0131 i\u00e7in halktan al\u0131nan vergilerin art\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131<\/p>\n

* Sosyal s\u0131\u0131nflar ars\u0131ndaki farkl\u0131l\u0131klar nedeniyle halk\u0131n soylulara kar\u015f\u0131 duydu\u011fu kinin giderek artmas\u0131,<\/p>\n

* ingiltere\u2019de demokrasi alan\u0131nda g\u00f6r\u00fclen geli\u015fmelerin Frans\u0131z halk\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan izlenmesi<\/p>\n

* Amerika Birle\u015fik Devletleri\u2019nin kurulmas\u0131 ve demokrasiye ge\u00e7ilmesinin Fransa\u2019da yank\u0131 uyand\u0131rmas\u0131,<\/p>\n

* Monteskiy\u00f6 (Montesquieu), Valter, Didero (Diderot) ve Jan Jak Russo (J. J. Rousseau) gibi ayd\u0131nlar\u0131n halk\u0131 ayd\u0131nlatmalar\u0131,<\/p>\n

* Amerika\u2019daki kolonilere yard\u0131m etmek amac\u0131yla Amerika\u2019ya g\u00f6nderilen Frans\u0131z subaylar\u0131n Fransa\u2019ya geri d\u00f6nd\u00fcklerinde ayn\u0131 m\u00fccadeleyi Fransa\u2019da da ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirmek istemeleri<\/p>\n

Fransa Kral\u0131 XVI. Lui, ekonomik durumun d\u00fczeltilmesi amac\u0131yla Eta Jener\u00f6 (Etats G\u00e9n\u00e9raux) Meclisi ni toplad\u0131. Fakat toplant\u0131da soylular, rahipler ve halk temsilcileri aras\u0131nda anla\u015fmazl\u0131k \u00e7\u0131k\u0131nca, kral meclisi kapatt\u0131. Halk temsilcileri bu olay sonunda isyan ederek yeni bir anayasa yapma haz\u0131rl\u0131klar\u0131 i\u00e7in kurucu meclis olu\u015fturdular. Kurucu meclis, soylular\u0131n ve rahiplerin ayr\u0131cal\u0131klar\u0131na son vererek \u0130nsan ve Vatanda\u015f Haklar\u0131 Bildirisi<\/strong>\u2018ni ilan etti.<\/p>\n

Bu bildirinin baz\u0131 maddeleri \u015funlard\u0131r:<\/p>\n

* Her insan do\u011fu\u015ftan h\u00fcr ve di\u011ferleriyle e\u015fittir, vazge\u00e7ilmez haklara sahiptir.<\/p>\n

* Y\u00f6netim g\u00fcc\u00fc millete ait olmal\u0131d\u0131r. Sadece milletin se\u00e7ti\u011fi temsilcilerin y\u00f6netme hakk\u0131 vard\u0131r. Millet de bu temsilcileri denetleyebilir.<\/p>\n

\u0130htilalden k\u0131sa bir s\u00fcre sonra Kral XVI. Lui idam edildi. Yeni bir anayasa haz\u0131rlanarak me\u015frutiyet y\u00f6netimine ge\u00e7ildi.<\/p>\n

1804 y\u0131l\u0131nda Napolyon Bonapart, imparator se\u00e7ildi. B\u00f6ylece Fransa\u2019da Birinci \u0130mparatorluk Devri ba\u015flad\u0131.<\/p>\n

Frans\u0131z \u0130htilali\u2019nin Sonu\u00e7lar\u0131<\/strong><\/p>\n

* Fransa\u2019da Orta\u00e7a\u011f\u2019dan beri s\u00fcregelen sosyal s\u0131n\u0131flar sona erdi, e\u015fitlik ilkesi kabul edildi.<\/p>\n

* Ulusal egemenlik fikri yayg\u0131nla\u015fmaya ba\u015flad\u0131.<\/p>\n

* Mutlak krall\u0131klar\u0131n y\u0131k\u0131labilece\u011fi anla\u015f\u0131ld\u0131.<\/p>\n

* Demokrasi ilkeleri benimsendi.<\/p>\n

* Milliyet\u00e7ilik d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncesi yayg\u0131nla\u015farak t\u00fcm d\u00fcnyaya yay\u0131ld\u0131.<\/p>\n

* Frans\u0131z ihtilali sonucunda, insan ve Vatanda\u015f Haklan Bildirisi ilan edildi.<\/p>\n

* Milliyet\u00e7ili\u011fin yay\u0131lmas\u0131 \u00e7ok uluslu imparatorluklar\u0131n y\u0131k\u0131lmas\u0131na ve milli devletlerin kurulmas\u0131na neden oldu.<\/p>\n

* ihtilalin getirdi\u011fi \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fck, e\u015fitlik, milliyet\u00e7ilik fikirlerinin kendileri i\u00e7in tehlikeli oldu\u011funu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnen Avrupa devletleri Fransa\u2019ya sava\u015f a\u00e7t\u0131. B\u00f6ylece \u0130htilal Sava\u015flar\u0131 ba\u015flad\u0131.<\/p>\n

* Fransa\u2019da Laik y\u00f6netim anlay\u0131\u015f\u0131na ge\u00e7ildi.<\/p>\n

* Fransa\u2019da ve Avrupa\u2019da uzun y\u0131llar s\u00fcrecek olan yeni sorunlar ortaya \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131.<\/p>\n

* 1830 ve 1848 ihtilalleri\u2019ne zemin haz\u0131rland\u0131.<\/p>\n

* Yeni\u00e7a\u011f sona erdi, Yak\u0131n\u00e7a\u011f ba\u015flad\u0131.<\/p>\n

Frans\u0131z \u0130htilali\u2019nin Osmanl\u0131 Devleti\u2019ne Etkileri<\/strong><\/p>\n

Osmanl\u0131 Devleti Frans\u0131z \u0130htilali\u2019nden genellikle olumsuz \u015fekilde etkilenmi\u015ftir. Milliyet\u00e7ilik fikrinin yay\u0131lmas\u0131 ve baz\u0131 Avrupal\u0131 devletlerin Osmanl\u0131 Devletl\u2019ni par\u00e7alamak i\u00e7in Osmanl\u0131 \u00fclkesindeki az\u0131nl\u0131k uluslar\u0131n\u0131 k\u0131\u015fk\u0131rtmas\u0131 nedeniyle Osmanl\u0131 Devleti\u2019nin par\u00e7alanma s\u00fcreci h\u0131zlanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Frans\u0131z ihtilali\u2019nin Osmanl\u0131 Devleti \u00fczerinde olumlu denilebilecek etkisi; insan haklar\u0131, e\u015fitlik, \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fck, hukukun \u00fcst\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc ilkelerinin T\u00fcrk ayd\u0131nlar\u0131 aras\u0131nda yay\u0131lmas\u0131 oldu.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Frans\u0131z \u0130htilali\u2019nin nedenleri * Fransa\u2019da Kral\u0131n halk\u0131 k\u00f6le gibi g\u00f6rmesi, * Yedi Y\u0131l Sava\u015flar\u0131 ve Amerikan ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131k sava\u015f\u0131 nedeniyle iyice artan b\u00fct\u00e7e a\u00e7\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131n kapat\u0131lmas\u0131 i\u00e7in halktan al\u0131nan vergilerin art\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 * Sosyal s\u0131\u0131nflar ars\u0131ndaki farkl\u0131l\u0131klar nedeniyle halk\u0131n soylulara kar\u015f\u0131 duydu\u011fu kinin giderek artmas\u0131, * ingiltere\u2019de demokrasi alan\u0131nda g\u00f6r\u00fclen geli\u015fmelerin Frans\u0131z halk\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan izlenmesi * Amerika Birle\u015fik … Devam\u0131n\u0131 oku…<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":72415,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[26],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/72414"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=72414"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/72414\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/72415"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=72414"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=72414"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=72414"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}