\u0130lk askeri te\u015fkilat Orhan Bey zaman\u0131nda kuruldu. Osmanl\u0131 ordusu, KARA ve DEN\u0130Z KUVVETLER\u0130 olmak \u00fczere ikiye ayr\u0131l\u0131rd\u0131.
\nKAPIKULU ASKERLER\u0130
\n\uf076\tBunlar; padi\u015faha ba\u011fl\u0131, ayl\u0131kl\u0131 ve s\u00fcrekli olarak g\u00f6rev yaparlard\u0131.
\n\uf076\t\u0130stanbul\u2019da ya da s\u0131n\u0131r boylar\u0131ndaki kalelerde otururlard\u0131.
\n\uf076\tDev\u015firme sistemi ile se\u00e7ilir ve yeti\u015ftirilirlerdi.
\n\uf076\tYaya (piyade) ve atl\u0131 (s\u00fcvari) olmak \u00fczere ikiye ayr\u0131l\u0131rd\u0131.
\n\uf076\tHer \u00fc\u00e7 ayda bir \u201culufe\u201d ad\u0131 verilen maa\u015f al\u0131rlard\u0131.
\n1.\tKap\u0131kulu Piyadeleri
\n\uf0a7\tAcemio\u011flanlar Oca\u011f\u0131: Dev\u015firmelerin yeti\u015ftirilip haz\u0131rland\u0131\u011f\u0131 ocakt\u0131r. Bunlardan zeki olanlar Enderun\u2019a (saray okulu) g\u00f6nderilir, di\u011ferleri yeni\u00e7eri oca\u011f\u0131na ve di\u011fer ocaklara al\u0131n\u0131rd\u0131. I. Murat d\u00f6neminde olu\u015fturulmu\u015ftur.
\n\uf0a7\tYeni\u00e7eri Oca\u011f\u0131: Kap\u0131kulu piyadelerinin en \u00f6nemli b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcd\u00fcr. I. Murat zaman\u0131nda kuruldu. Bu oca\u011fa acemio\u011flanlar oca\u011f\u0131ndan yeti\u015ftirilenler al\u0131n\u0131rd\u0131. Askerlikten ba\u015fka bir i\u015fle u\u011fra\u015fmazlar ve emekli oluncaya kadar evlenemezlerdi. Bu oca\u011f\u0131n komutan\u0131 \u201cYeni\u00e7eri A\u011fas\u0131\u201d idi. Yeni\u00e7eriler; bar\u0131\u015f d\u00f6neminde Divan\u2019\u0131n koruyuculu\u011funu yaparlar, \u0130stanbul\u2019un g\u00fcvenli\u011fini sa\u011flarlar, yang\u0131n s\u00f6nd\u00fcrmeye giderler ve sava\u015fta da padi\u015fah\u0131n yan\u0131nda yer al\u0131rlard\u0131. Yeni\u00e7eri Oca\u011f\u0131, II. Mahmut taraf\u0131ndan kald\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r (Vaka-i Hayriye\/Hay\u0131rl\u0131 Olay).
\n\uf0a7\tTop\u00e7u Oca\u011f\u0131: Top d\u00f6ken, sava\u015flarda top kullanan s\u0131n\u0131ft\u0131r. Top\u00e7ular, \u0130stanbul\u2019da Tophane\u2019de bulunurlard\u0131. S\u0131n\u0131rlarda ve k\u0131y\u0131lardaki kalelerde hizmet g\u00f6r\u00fcrlerdi. II. Murat d\u00f6neminde kurulmu\u015ftur.
\n\uf0a7\tTop Arabac\u0131lar\u0131 Oca\u011f\u0131: Top arabalar\u0131n\u0131 ve bunlara ait gere\u00e7leri haz\u0131rlayan, sefer s\u0131ras\u0131nda toplar\u0131 sava\u015f b\u00f6lgesine g\u00f6t\u00fcren s\u0131n\u0131ft\u0131r. Fatih Sultan Mehmet d\u00f6neminde kurulmu\u015ftur.
\n\uf0a7\tCebeci Oca\u011f\u0131: Orduya ait silahlar\u0131n yap\u0131m\u0131, bak\u0131m\u0131, tamiri ve cephanelerin korunmas\u0131ndan sorumludur.
\n\uf0a7\tHumbarac\u0131 Oca\u011f\u0131: Havan toplar\u0131, may\u0131n ve el bombalar\u0131 yapar ve kullan\u0131rlard\u0131.
\n\uf0a7\tLa\u011f\u0131mc\u0131 Oca\u011f\u0131: Sava\u015f s\u0131ras\u0131nda ku\u015fat\u0131lan kaleleri, yeralt\u0131ndan kazd\u0131klar\u0131 t\u00fcnellerle, surlar\u0131n alt\u0131na patlay\u0131c\u0131lar yerle\u015ftirerek \u00e7\u00f6kertmeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131rlard\u0131.
\n2.\tKap\u0131kulu S\u00fcvarileri: Kap\u0131kulu askerlerinin atl\u0131 s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131d\u0131r, yeni\u00e7eriler aras\u0131ndan se\u00e7ilirler. Sava\u015fta padi\u015fah\u0131, sancaklar\u0131, hazineyi ve orduya ait k\u0131ymetli e\u015fyalar\u0131 korurlard\u0131. I. Murat d\u00f6neminde kurulmu\u015ftur.<\/p>\n
EYALET ASKERLER\u0130
\n1.\tT\u0131marl\u0131 Sipahiler: Osmanl\u0131 ordusunun en \u00f6nemli atl\u0131 kuvvetleri idi. Dirlik sahiplerinin beslemek zorunda olduklar\u0131 atl\u0131 askerlerdir (bu askerlere \u201ccebel\u00fc\u201d ad\u0131 verilirdi). Bu askerleri has, zeamet ve t\u0131mar sahipleri besledikleri i\u00e7in devlete ekonomik y\u00f6nden y\u00fck olmazlard\u0131. Tamamen T\u00fcrklerden olu\u015fuyordu. Ordunun en kalabal\u0131k ve \u00f6nemli s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131d\u0131r. Devletten maa\u015f almaz, ganimet elde etmezlerdi. Bar\u0131\u015f d\u00f6neminde b\u00f6lgenin g\u00fcvenli\u011finden sorumludurlar.
\n2.\tAk\u0131nc\u0131lar: G\u00f6revleri, d\u00fc\u015fman topraklar\u0131na ak\u0131nlar yapmak, s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131 korumak, sava\u015fta ordunun g\u00fcvenle ilerlemesini sa\u011flamakt\u0131. Sefere \u00e7\u0131kmad\u0131klar\u0131 zaman s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131 korurlard\u0131. T\u00fcrklerden olu\u015fmaktad\u0131r. D\u00fc\u015fman hakk\u0131nda bilgi toplarlard\u0131.
\n3.\tAzaplar: Ordunun \u00f6n\u00fcnde yer alarak ilk h\u00fccumu kar\u015f\u0131layan askerlerdir. T\u00fcrklerden olu\u015fmaktad\u0131r.
\nYARDIMCI KUVVETLER
\n1.\tY\u00f6r\u00fckler:
\n2.\tSakalar: Sava\u015f s\u0131ras\u0131nda cepheye su ta\u015f\u0131rd\u0131.
\n3.\tYaya ve M\u00fcsellemler: Sava\u015f s\u0131ras\u0131nda yol yapar ve k\u00f6pr\u00fc kurarlard\u0131.
\n4.\tDerbent Muhaf\u0131zlar\u0131: Askeri ve ticari yollar\u0131 korurlard\u0131. Hizmetleri kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131nda vergi vermezlerdi.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
\u0130lk askeri te\u015fkilat Orhan Bey zaman\u0131nda kuruldu. Osmanl\u0131 ordusu, KARA ve DEN\u0130Z KUVVETLER\u0130 olmak \u00fczere ikiye ayr\u0131l\u0131rd\u0131. KAPIKULU ASKERLER\u0130 \uf076 Bunlar; padi\u015faha ba\u011fl\u0131, ayl\u0131kl\u0131 ve s\u00fcrekli olarak g\u00f6rev yaparlard\u0131. \uf076 \u0130stanbul\u2019da ya da s\u0131n\u0131r boylar\u0131ndaki kalelerde otururlard\u0131. \uf076 Dev\u015firme sistemi ile se\u00e7ilir ve yeti\u015ftirilirlerdi. \uf076 Yaya (piyade) ve atl\u0131 (s\u00fcvari) olmak \u00fczere ikiye ayr\u0131l\u0131rd\u0131. \uf076 … Devam\u0131n\u0131 oku…<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[7,14,20,26],"tags":[50,37,49,101],"class_list":["post-695","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-dn","category-sosyal-bilgiler","category-tc-ink-tarihi-ve-ataturkculuk","category-tarih","tag-anla","tag-osmanli","tag-sahip","tag-toprak"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/695","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=695"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/695\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=695"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=695"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=695"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}