Ko\u015fma, T\u00fcrk Halk edebiyat\u0131nda do\u011fa, a\u015fk, \u00f6l\u00fcm, ayr\u0131l\u0131k, yi\u011fitlik, toplumsal olaylar gibi konular\u0131n i\u015flendi\u011fi en s\u0131k kullan\u0131lan \u015fiir t\u00fcr\u00fc. D\u00f6rtl\u00fcklerden olu\u015fur. D\u00f6rtl\u00fck say\u0131s\u0131 genellikle 3, 5 aras\u0131ndad\u0131r. Hece \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcs\u00fcn\u00fcn 6+5 veya 4+4+3 durakl\u0131 11\u2019li kal\u0131b\u0131yla yaz\u0131l\u0131r. \u015eair ko\u015fman\u0131n son bendinde ismini ya da mahlas\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6yler. Ko\u015fmalar dile getirilen duygular ve s\u00f6yleni\u015flerine g\u00f6re ko\u00e7aklama, g\u00fczelleme, ta\u015flama, a\u011f\u0131t gibi isimler al\u0131r. Kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131kl\u0131 konu\u015fma \u015feklinde yani \u201cdedim\u201d \u201cdedi\u201d diye ba\u015flayan dizelerle de s\u00f6ylenebilir. Bu t\u00fcr ko\u015fmalara \u201cm\u00fcr\u00e2caa\u201d ismi verilir. B\u00fct\u00fcn kafiyeleri cinasl\u0131 olan ko\u015fmalara \u201ctecnis\u201d denir.<\/p>\n
\u00d6zellikleri:<\/p>\n
1. T\u00fcrk Halk edebiyat\u0131n\u0131n en \u00e7ok sevilen, en \u00e7ok kullan\u0131lan naz\u0131m \u015feklidir.
\n2. D\u00f6rtl\u00fcklerle s\u00f6ylenir.
\n3. D\u00f6rtl\u00fck say\u0131s\u0131 genelde 3 veya 5\u2019tir.
\n4. Ko\u015fmalarda en \u00e7ok 11\u2019li hece \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcs\u00fc kullan\u0131l\u0131r. 4+4+3=11 ya da 6+5=11.
\n5. Genelde yar\u0131m kafiye kullan\u0131l\u0131r.
\n6. Kafiye \u00f6rg\u00fcs\u00fc; ilk d\u00f6rtl\u00fck; aaab, abab, aaba veya abcb \u015feklinde olup di\u011fer d\u00f6rtl\u00fckler cccb, dddb \u015feklindedir.
\n7. Ko\u015fmada, tabiat g\u00fczellikleri, sevgi, ayr\u0131l\u0131k, yi\u011fitlik, yak\u0131nma, \u0131st\u0131rap, ele\u015ftiri, hayata ait g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fler konu alabilir.
\n8. Genelde \u015fiirin i\u00e7inde \u00f6zellikle de son d\u00f6rtl\u00fckte \u015fairin mahlas\u0131 bulunur.
\n9. Dil sade, anlat\u0131m yal\u0131n ve i\u00e7tendir.
\n10. Ko\u015fmalar i\u015flenen konulara g\u00f6re \u00e7e\u015fitli isimler al\u0131r. Bunlar ayn\u0131 zamanda \u00e2\u015f\u0131k edebiyat\u0131 naz\u0131m t\u00fcrleridir.<\/p>\n
1- G\u00fczelleme: Do\u011fa g\u00fczelliklerini sevgiyle i\u00e7e i\u00e7e i\u015fleyen lirik \u015fiirlerdir. Kad\u0131n, at gibi sevilen varl\u0131klar\u0131 \u00f6vmek i\u00e7in s\u00f6ylenen ko\u015fmad\u0131r.<\/p>\n
Dinleyin a\u011falar medhin eyleyim
\nElma yanakl\u0131m\u0131n kara ka\u015fl\u0131m\u0131n
\nO g\u00fcl y\u00fczlerine kurban olay\u0131m
\nDal gerdanl\u0131m\u0131n da s\u0131rma sa\u00e7l\u0131m\u0131n<\/p>\n
Noksan\u00ee<\/p>\n
2- Ko\u00e7aklama: Yi\u011fitlik, kahramanl\u0131k, vuru\u015fma konular\u0131n\u0131 i\u015fleyen ve bu kavramlar\u0131 \u00f6ven, ko\u015fma naz\u0131m \u015fekliyle s\u00f6ylenen \u015fiirlerdir.<\/p>\n
Benden selam olsun Bolu Beyine
\n\u00c7\u0131k\u0131p \u015fu da\u011flara yaslanmal\u0131d\u0131r
\nOk g\u0131c\u0131rt\u0131s\u0131ndan kalkan sesinden
\nDa\u011flar g\u00fcmb\u00fcr g\u00fcmb\u00fcr seslenmelidir<\/p>\n
K\u00f6ro\u011flu<\/p>\n
3- Ta\u015flama: Toplumdaki bozuk y\u00f6nleri, ki\u015filerin eksikliklerini, zaaflar\u0131 ele\u015ftirmek i\u00e7in s\u00f6ylen ko\u015fmalard\u0131r. Bu \u015fiirlerde \u015fair son derece ac\u0131mas\u0131zd\u0131r. Aksak ve eksik y\u00f6nler a\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a ele\u015ftirilir.<\/p>\n
Not: Konu bak\u0131m\u0131ndan ta\u015flaman\u0131n Divan Edebiyat\u0131ndaki kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 hicviyedir.<\/p>\n
Nesini s\u00f6yleyim can\u0131m efendim
\nGayr\u0131 d\u00fczen tutmaz telimiz bizim
\nArzuhal eylesem deftere s\u0131\u011fmaz
\nOmuzdan kesilmi\u015f kolumuz bizim.<\/p>\n
Serdar\u00ee<\/p>\n
4.A\u011f\u0131t: \u00d6len bir ki\u015finin ard\u0131ndan s\u00f6ylenen ve onun iyili\u011finin, mertli\u011finin dile getirildi\u011fi ko\u015fmalard\u0131r.<\/p>\n
Not: Bunlar\u0131n d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda ko\u015fma naz\u0131m bi\u00e7iminin kullan\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 m\u00fcnferit a\u011f\u0131tlar da vard\u0131r.<\/p>\n
Sefil bayku\u015f ne gezersin bu yerde
\nYok mudur vatan\u0131n illerin hani
\nK\u00fcsm\u00fc\u015f m\u00fcs\u00fcn sel\u00e2m\u0131m\u0131 almad\u0131n
\n\u015eeyd\u00e2 b\u00fclb\u00fcl \u015firin dillerin hani<\/p>\n
Ka\u011f\u0131zmanl\u0131 H\u0131fz\u00ee<\/p>\n
ALINTI<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Ko\u015fma, T\u00fcrk Halk edebiyat\u0131nda do\u011fa, a\u015fk, \u00f6l\u00fcm, ayr\u0131l\u0131k, yi\u011fitlik, toplumsal olaylar gibi konular\u0131n i\u015flendi\u011fi en s\u0131k kullan\u0131lan \u015fiir t\u00fcr\u00fc. D\u00f6rtl\u00fcklerden olu\u015fur. D\u00f6rtl\u00fck say\u0131s\u0131 genellikle 3, 5 aras\u0131ndad\u0131r. Hece \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcs\u00fcn\u00fcn 6+5 veya 4+4+3 durakl\u0131 11\u2019li kal\u0131b\u0131yla yaz\u0131l\u0131r. \u015eair ko\u015fman\u0131n son bendinde ismini ya da mahlas\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6yler. Ko\u015fmalar dile getirilen duygular ve s\u00f6yleni\u015flerine g\u00f6re ko\u00e7aklama, g\u00fczelleme, ta\u015flama, … Devam\u0131n\u0131 oku…<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[7,12],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-639","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-dn","category-tr"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/639","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=639"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/639\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=639"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=639"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=639"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}