\u00c7i\u00e7ek, tohumlar vas\u0131tas\u0131yla yeni bireylerin olu\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131 ve bitkinin devam\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flar.
\nTam bir \u00e7i\u00e7ekte; \u00e7i\u00e7ek sap\u0131, \u00e7i\u00e7ek tablas\u0131, \u00e7anak yaprak, ta\u00e7 yaprak, erkek ve di\u015fi organlar vard\u0131r. \u00c7i\u00e7ek sap\u0131 \u00e7i\u00e7e\u011fi dala ba\u011flar, \u00e7anak yaprak, ta\u00e7 yaprak, erkek ve di\u015fi organlar d\u0131\u015ftan i\u00e7e do\u011fru s\u0131rayla d\u00f6rt halka \u015feklinde \u00e7i\u00e7ek tablas\u0131 \u00fczerine dizilirler.
\n\u00c7anak Yaprak
\nGenelde ye\u015fil renklidir. \u00c7i\u00e7e\u011fin en d\u0131\u015f k\u0131sm\u0131n\u0131 olu\u015fturur. \u00c7i\u00e7ek tomurcuk halindeyken \u00e7i\u00e7e\u011fi korur.
\nTa\u00e7 Yaprak
\n\u00c7i\u00e7e\u011fin renkli ve kokulu k\u0131sm\u0131d\u0131r. Tozla\u015fmada b\u00f6cekleri \u00e7ekerek bitkinin \u00e7o\u011falmas\u0131nda \u00f6nemli rol oynar.
\nErkek Organ
\n\u0130p\u00e7ik denilen bir sap ile ba\u015f\u00e7\u0131k denilen \u015fi\u015fkin bir k\u0131s\u0131mdan meydana gelmi\u015ftir. Ba\u015f\u00e7\u0131kta, i\u00e7inde erkek \u00fcreme h\u00fccreleri (polen) bulunan \u00e7i\u00e7ek tozu keseleri bulunur. Polenler olgunla\u015f\u0131nca keseler \u00e7atlar ve polenler etrafa yay\u0131l\u0131r.
\nDi\u015fi Organ
\nYumurtal\u0131k, di\u015ficik borusu ve tepecik olmak \u00fczere \u00fc\u00e7 k\u0131s\u0131mdan olu\u015fur. Yumurtal\u0131kta \u00e7ok say\u0131da di\u015fi \u00fcreme h\u00fccresi (yumurta) bulunur. Di\u015ficik borusu, tepeci\u011fi yumurtal\u0131\u011fa ba\u011flayan dar k\u0131s\u0131md\u0131r. Tepecikte \u00e7i\u00e7ek tozlar\u0131n\u0131n yap\u0131\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flayan yap\u0131\u015fkan bir s\u0131v\u0131 bulunur.,
\nErkek ve di\u015fi organ\u0131 bir arada bulunduran bitkilere \u201cbir evcikli\u201d, erkek ve di\u015fi organlar\u0131 ayr\u0131 bulunduran bitkilere de \u201ciki evcikli\u201d bitki denir. Me\u015fe, m\u0131s\u0131r, \u00e7am, kestane ve f\u0131nd\u0131k bir evcikli, s\u00f6\u011f\u00fct, antep f\u0131st\u0131\u011f\u0131, kenevir ve kavak iki evcikli bitkilerdir.
\nTozla\u015fma
\nBitkide \u00e7i\u00e7e\u011fin g\u00f6revi tozla\u015fma yoluyla bitkinin \u00e7o\u011falmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flamakt\u0131r. Bir \u00e7i\u00e7e\u011fin erkek organ\u0131ndan serbest kalan polenlerin di\u011fer \u00e7i\u00e7e\u011fin di\u015fi organ\u0131n\u0131n tepeci\u011fine ula\u015fmas\u0131 ve burada yeni bitki tohumlar\u0131n\u0131n olu\u015fmas\u0131 olay\u0131d\u0131r. Tozla\u015fma olay\u0131nda etkili fakt\u00f6rler \u015funlard\u0131r:
\n1- R\u00fczgar : Polenlerin ta\u015f\u0131nmas\u0131 r\u00fczgarla sa\u011flan\u0131r. Kullan\u0131\u015fl\u0131 ve s\u0131k g\u00f6r\u00fclen bir tozla\u015fma \u00e7e\u015fidi de\u011fildir.
\n2- B\u00f6cekler : Polenlerin ar\u0131lar, sinekler ve benzer b\u00f6cekler taraf\u0131ndan ta\u015f\u0131nmas\u0131. Yayg\u0131n olan tozla\u015fma \u015feklidir. \u00c7i\u00e7e\u011fin g\u00fczel kokusu, g\u00fczel ve parlak g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fc ve salg\u0131lad\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u015fekerli maddeler b\u00f6ceklerin dikkatini \u00e7eker. \u00c7i\u00e7e\u011fin \u00fczerine gelen b\u00f6ceklerin ayaklar\u0131na yap\u0131\u015fan polenler b\u00f6ce\u011fin di\u011fer \u00e7i\u00e7eklere konmas\u0131yla oralara ta\u015f\u0131nm\u0131\u015f olurlar.
\n3- Kendi Kendine Tozla\u015fma : Ayn\u0131 \u00e7i\u00e7e\u011fin erkek organ\u0131ndaki polenlerin di\u015fi organ\u0131na ula\u015fmas\u0131 sonucu meydana gelen tozla\u015fma \u015feklidir.
\n\u00c7i\u00e7ekte d\u00f6llenme sonucunda tohum olu\u015fur ve bu tohumun etraf\u0131n\u0131n yumurtal\u0131kla \u00e7evrilmesi sonucu meyve olu\u015fur. Tohumun toprakta \u00e7imlenmesiyle yeni bitkiler olu\u015fmu\u015f olur.
\n\u00c7imlenme
\nTohum i\u00e7inde embriyo ve besin maddesi bulunan yap\u0131d\u0131r. Tohumdan bitki k\u00f6k\u00fcn\u00fcn, g\u00f6vdesinin ve yaprak ve \u00e7i\u00e7eklerin olu\u015fmas\u0131na \u00e7imlenme denir.
\nTohum \u00e7imlenirken gerekli besini \u00e7eneklerden al\u0131r. Tohumun \u00e7imlenebilmesi i\u00e7in uygun s\u0131cakl\u0131k ve hava gerekir.
\n\u00c7imlenme esnas\u0131nda tohumun yap\u0131s\u0131ndaki besin kullan\u0131l\u0131r ve b\u00f6ylece yeni bir bitki olu\u015fur.
\nMeyve
\nMeyve sadece, \u00e7i\u00e7ekli bitkilere \u00f6zg\u00fc bir \u00fcr\u00fcnd\u00fcr. \u00c7i\u00e7ek tozunun yumurtal\u0131\u011fa eri\u015ferek yumurtay\u0131 a\u015f\u0131lamas\u0131yla birlikte h\u00fccresel \u00e7o\u011falma ba\u015flar. Yumurtal\u0131k yava\u015f yava\u015f \u015fi\u015fer ve sonunda meyve halini al\u0131r. T\u00fcm meyveleri beslemekte olan \u00f6zsu meyveye de eri\u015fir. \u00d6zsu, olmakta olan meyveyi besler ve renklendirir. Meyveyi tatl\u0131la\u015ft\u0131ran da \u00f6zsudur.
\nMeyveleri olu\u015fumuna g\u00f6re grupland\u0131r\u0131r\u0131z:
\nMeyve sadece di\u015fi organ\u0131n yumurtal\u0131k dokular\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan meydana getirilirse bunlara Ger\u00e7ek Meyve denir. \u00d6rne\u011fin; \u015feftali, kay\u0131s\u0131, \u00fcz\u00fcm.
\nYumurtal\u0131kla birlikte \u00e7i\u00e7ek tablas\u0131, ta\u00e7 ve \u00e7enek yapraklar beraberce geli\u015ferek meyve olu\u015fturuluyorsa bunlara yalanc\u0131 meyve denir. \u00d6rne\u011fin; \u00c7ilek, elma, armut.
\nBir tane di\u015fi organdan meydana gelen meyvelere Basit Meyve denir. \u00d6rne\u011fin; Kiraz, erik, elma.
\nBirka\u00e7 tane di\u015fi organdan meydana gelen meyvelere ise Bile\u015fik Meyve denir. \u00d6rne\u011fin; Ahududu, b\u00f6\u011f\u00fcrtlen.
\nCeviz, f\u0131nd\u0131k, kestane gibi bitkilerin meyveleri zamanla sertle\u015fip kurur. Tohumlar\u0131 yenilen bu meyvelere Kuru Meyve denir.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
\u00c7i\u00e7ek, tohumlar vas\u0131tas\u0131yla yeni bireylerin olu\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131 ve bitkinin devam\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flar. Tam bir \u00e7i\u00e7ekte; \u00e7i\u00e7ek sap\u0131, \u00e7i\u00e7ek tablas\u0131, \u00e7anak yaprak, ta\u00e7 yaprak, erkek ve di\u015fi organlar vard\u0131r. \u00c7i\u00e7ek sap\u0131 \u00e7i\u00e7e\u011fi dala ba\u011flar, \u00e7anak yaprak, ta\u00e7 yaprak, erkek ve di\u015fi organlar d\u0131\u015ftan i\u00e7e do\u011fru s\u0131rayla d\u00f6rt halka \u015feklinde \u00e7i\u00e7ek tablas\u0131 \u00fczerine dizilirler. \u00c7anak Yaprak Genelde ye\u015fil renklidir. … Devam\u0131n\u0131 oku…<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[44,7],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/637"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=637"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/637\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=637"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=637"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=637"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}