{"id":60735,"date":"2015-12-19T22:44:52","date_gmt":"2015-12-19T20:44:52","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/?p=60735"},"modified":"2015-12-19T22:46:53","modified_gmt":"2015-12-19T20:46:53","slug":"mayoz-bolunmenin-onemi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/mayoz-bolunmenin-onemi.html","title":{"rendered":"Mayoz b\u00f6l\u00fcnmenin \u00f6nemi"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong>mayoz b\u00f6l\u00fcnmenin canl\u0131lar i\u00e7in \u00f6nemi, mayoz b\u00f6l\u00fcnmenin \u00f6nemi, Mayoz b\u00f6l\u00fcnme evreleri<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Mayoz s\u0131ras\u0131nda homolog, kromozomlar yan yana gelerek birbiri \u00fczerinde k\u0131vr\u0131l\u0131r. Kromozomlar aras\u0131nda par\u00e7a de\u011fi\u015fimi olur. Kromozomlar h\u00fccrenin ortas\u0131nda dizilerek kutuplara do\u011fru \u00e7ekilir. Kromozom-say\u0131s\u0131\u00a0 2n olan ana h\u00fccreden Kromozom say\u0131s\u0131 \u201cn\u201d olan iki yavru h\u00fccre olu\u015fur ve birinci mayoz tamamlan\u0131r. \u0130kinci mayoz ise mitoza benzer . \u0130kinci mayozda \u201cn\u201d say\u0131da kromozom say\u0131s\u0131na sahip her bir h\u00fccreden ayn\u0131 kromozom say\u0131s\u0131na sahip iki yavru olu\u015fur.B\u00f6ylece mayoz sonunda \u201cn\u201d say\u0131da kromozom say\u0131s\u0131na sahip d\u00f6rt h\u00fccre olu\u015fur.Mayoz s\u0131ras\u0131nda ger\u00e7ekle\u015fen\u00a0 par\u00e7a de\u011fi\u015fimiyle genetik \u00e7e\u015fitlilik ortaya \u00e7\u0131kar.Nesiller boyunca canl\u0131lar\u0131n kromozom say\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n sabit kalmas\u0131 mayozla sa\u011flan\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" src=\"\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/JKbbj06ybDU\" width=\"425\" height=\"350\" allowfullscreen=\"allowfullscreen\"><\/iframe><\/p>\n<p><strong>Mayoz B\u00f6l\u00fcnmenin \u00d6nemi<\/strong> T\u00fcrlerin kromozom say\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n ku\u015faktan ku\u015fa\u011fa sabit kalmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flar.Canl\u0131larda \u00e7e\u015fitlili\u011fi sa\u011flar.<br \/>\nMayoz s\u0131ras\u0131nda homolog, kromozomlar yan yana gelerek birbiri \u00fczerinde k\u0131vr\u0131l\u0131r. Kromozomlar aras\u0131nda par\u00e7a de\u011fi\u015fimi olur. Kromozomlar h\u00fccrenin ortas\u0131nda dizilerek kutuplara do\u011fru \u00e7ekilir. Kromozom-say\u0131s\u0131\u00a0 2n olan ana h\u00fccreden Kromozom say\u0131s\u0131 &#8220;n&#8221; olan iki yavru h\u00fccre olu\u015fur ve birinci mayoz tamamlan\u0131r. \u0130kinci mayoz ise mitoza benzer . \u0130kinci mayozda &#8220;n&#8221; say\u0131da kromozom say\u0131s\u0131na sahip her bir h\u00fccreden ayn\u0131 kromozom say\u0131s\u0131na sahip iki yavru olu\u015fur.B\u00f6ylece mayoz sonunda &#8220;n&#8221; say\u0131da kromozom say\u0131s\u0131na sahip d\u00f6rt h\u00fccre olu\u015fur.Mayoz s\u0131ras\u0131nda ger\u00e7ekle\u015fen\u00a0 par\u00e7a de\u011fi\u015fimiyle genetik \u00e7e\u015fitlilik ortaya \u00e7\u0131kar.Nesiller boyunca canl\u0131lar\u0131n kromozom say\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n sabit kalmas\u0131 mayozla sa\u011flan\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/12\/mayoz_bolune.png\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-60736\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignleft size-full wp-image-60736\" src=\"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/12\/mayoz_bolune.png\" alt=\"mayoz_bolune\" width=\"337\" height=\"369\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/12\/mayoz_bolune.png 337w, https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/12\/mayoz_bolune-274x300.png 274w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 337px) 100vw, 337px\" \/><\/a>Mayozda da mitozda oldu\u011fu gibi profaz, metafaz, anafaz ve telofaz olarak adland\u0131r\u0131lan d\u00f6rt evre vard\u0131r. Bu evreler arada interfaz olmaks\u0131z\u0131n pe\u015f pe\u015fe iki kez ger\u00e7ekle\u015fir ve sonu\u00e7ta genetik \u00f6zellikler bak\u0131m\u0131ndan 2 \u00e7e\u015fit d\u00f6rt yavru h\u00fccre meydana gelir. Mayoz b\u00f6l\u00fcnme ile mitoz b\u00f6l\u00fcnme aras\u0131ndaki en b\u00fcy\u00fck farka profazda rastlan\u0131r. Mayoz b\u00f6l\u00fcnme iki a\u015famada ger\u00e7ekle\u015fir. Bu a\u015famalar, Mayoz-1 ve Mayoz-2 olarak adland\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r.<br \/>\n<strong>Metafaz I<\/strong><br \/>\nTetratlar\u0131 olu\u015fturan homolog kromozomlar kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131kl\u0131 olarak h\u00fccrenin ekvatoral d\u00fczlemine dizilir.<\/p>\n<p>Homolog kromozom \u00e7iftleri h\u00fccrenin ekvator d\u00fczlemine rastgele dizilir.<\/p>\n<p>H\u00fccrenin ekvator d\u00fczleminde homolog kromozom \u00e7iftlerinin ka\u00e7 farkl\u0131 \u015fekilde dizilebilece\u011fi 2n \u015feklinde ifade edilir. ( n haploit h\u00fccre say\u0131s\u0131)<\/p>\n<p><strong>Anafaz I<\/strong><br \/>\nHomolog kromozomlar birbirinden ayr\u0131larak z\u0131t kutuplara ilerler. Mayoz b\u00f6l\u00fcnme ger\u00e7ekle\u015firken krosing-over meydana gelmeyebilir. Bu y\u00fczden krosing-over(gen transferi) \u00e7e\u015fitlili\u011fin temel nedeni de\u011fildir. Profaz l evresinde birbirine yap\u0131\u015fan homolog kromozomlar Anafaz l&#8217;de rastgele ayr\u0131laca\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in bu evrede de gen \u00e7e\u015fitlili\u011fi sa\u011flanm\u0131\u015f olur.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Telofaz I<\/strong><br \/>\nH\u00fccrenin iki kutbunda bulunan kromozomlar uzay\u0131p incelmeye ba\u015flar. Etraflar\u0131nda \u00e7ekirdek zar\u0131 olu\u015fur. Sitoplazman\u0131n bo\u011fumlanmas\u0131yla da haploid say\u0131da kromozoma sahip iki yavru h\u00fccre olu\u015fur.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Hayvansal h\u00fccrelerde:<\/strong> \u00c7ekirdek b\u00f6l\u00fcnmesi tamamland\u0131ktan sonra sitoplazma ortadan bo\u011fumlanarak ikiye b\u00f6l\u00fcn\u00fcr ve iki ayr\u0131 h\u00fccre olu\u015fmu\u015f olur.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Bitkisel h\u00fccrelerde:<\/strong> Olu\u015fmu\u015f olan iki \u00e7ekirdekli h\u00fccrenin ortas\u0131nda bir orta lamel (ara lamel) olu\u015fur ve h\u00fccre duvar\u0131na kadar ula\u015f\u0131r. Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla birbirine biti\u015fik iki h\u00fccre olu\u015fur. H\u00fccrenin iki kutbunda bulunan kromozomlar uzay\u0131p incelmeye ba\u015flar. Etraflar\u0131nda \u00e7ekirdek zar\u0131 olu\u015fur. Sitoplazman\u0131n bo\u011fumlanmas\u0131yla da haploid say\u0131da kromozoma sahip iki yavru h\u00fccre olu\u015fur.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>mayoz b\u00f6l\u00fcnmenin canl\u0131lar i\u00e7in \u00f6nemi, mayoz b\u00f6l\u00fcnmenin \u00f6nemi, Mayoz b\u00f6l\u00fcnme evreleri Mayoz s\u0131ras\u0131nda homolog, kromozomlar yan yana gelerek birbiri \u00fczerinde k\u0131vr\u0131l\u0131r. Kromozomlar aras\u0131nda par\u00e7a de\u011fi\u015fimi olur. Kromozomlar h\u00fccrenin ortas\u0131nda dizilerek kutuplara do\u011fru \u00e7ekilir. Kromozom-say\u0131s\u0131\u00a0 2n olan ana h\u00fccreden Kromozom say\u0131s\u0131 \u201cn\u201d olan iki yavru h\u00fccre olu\u015fur ve birinci mayoz tamamlan\u0131r. \u0130kinci mayoz ise mitoza benzer &#8230; <a title=\"Mayoz b\u00f6l\u00fcnmenin \u00f6nemi\" class=\"read-more\" href=\"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/mayoz-bolunmenin-onemi.html\" aria-label=\"More on Mayoz b\u00f6l\u00fcnmenin \u00f6nemi\">Devam\u0131n\u0131 oku&#8230;<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[44],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-60735","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-biyoloji"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/60735","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=60735"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/60735\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=60735"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=60735"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=60735"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}