{"id":59852,"date":"2015-12-01T20:18:38","date_gmt":"2015-12-01T18:18:38","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/?p=59852"},"modified":"2015-12-01T20:18:38","modified_gmt":"2015-12-01T18:18:38","slug":"gunluk-gunluk-ozellikleri-gunluk-cesitleri","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/gunluk-gunluk-ozellikleri-gunluk-cesitleri.html","title":{"rendered":"G\u00fcnl\u00fck, G\u00fcnl\u00fck \u00d6zellikleri, G\u00fcnl\u00fck \u00c7e\u015fitleri"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>\u00d6\u011fretmeye ba\u011fl\u0131, ger\u00e7ek\u00e7i anlat\u0131m t\u00fcrlerinden biri olan g\u00fcnl\u00fckler, bir ki\u015finin \u00f6nemli ve kayda de\u011fer buldu\u011fu olaylar\u0131 , g\u00f6zlem , izlenim duygu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnce ve hayallerini g\u00fcn\u00fc g\u00fcn\u00fcne tarih belirterek anlatt\u0131\u011f\u0131 yazd\u0131\u011f\u0131 yaz\u0131 t\u00fcr\u00fcd\u00fcr. Latincedeki \u201cdies ( g\u00fcn ) s\u00f6zc\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnden \u201cdiarium\u201d ( g\u00fcnl\u00fck ) s\u00f6z\u00fcnden gelir<br \/>\nEdebiyat ve sanat d\u00fcnyas\u0131ndan tan\u0131nm\u0131\u015f ki\u015filerin kaleminden g\u00fcn\u00fc g\u00fcn\u00fcne yaz\u0131lan g\u00fcnl\u00fckler, t\u00fcm ger\u00e7ekli\u011fiyle ya\u015fam\u0131 yans\u0131tan birer ayna olarak kar\u015f\u0131m\u0131za \u00e7\u0131kmaktad\u0131rlar. G\u00fcnl\u00fckler, yazarlar\u0131n\u0131n i\u00e7 d\u00fcnyas\u0131n\u0131 kurgusuz bir bi\u00e7imde sergileyerek g\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn sahibine ili\u015fkin ayr\u0131nt\u0131l\u0131 bilgilere birinci elden ula\u015fmam\u0131z\u0131 sa\u011flad\u0131klar\u0131 gibi, yaz\u0131ld\u0131klar\u0131 d\u00f6nemin \u00f6nemli olaylar\u0131na ili\u015fkin tarihsel belgeler olarak da \u00f6nem kazan\u0131rlar<br \/>\n\u00d6rne\u011fin 1409 \u2013 1431 y\u0131llar\u0131 aras\u0131nda Frans\u0131z bir papan\u0131n tutu\u011fu \u201c Parisli Bir Burjuvan\u0131n G\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc\u201dv\u0131. Ve v\u0131\u0131. Charles d\u00f6nemini ara\u015ft\u0131ran tarih\u00e7iler i\u00e7in \u00f6nemli bir kaynakt\u0131r. \u0130ngiliz G\u00fcnl\u00fck yazar\u0131 John Evelyn\u2019in \u201cDiary\u201d ( g\u00fcnl\u00fck ) adl\u0131 g\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc17. y\u00fczy\u0131l \u0130ngiltere\u2019sinin toplumsal ve k\u00fclt\u00fcrel yap\u0131s\u0131na \u0131\u015f\u0131k tutar.<br \/>\n<strong>\u00d6ZELL\u0130KLER\u0130<\/strong><br \/>\n1- Ya\u015fan olaylar\u0131n, izlenimlerin g\u00fcn\u00fcn g\u00fcn\u00fcne yaz\u0131lmas\u0131 ile olu\u015furlar<br \/>\n2 &#8211; Birinci ki\u015fi a\u011fz\u0131ndan yaz\u0131lm\u0131\u015f k\u0131sa ve \u00f6zl\u00fc yaz\u0131lard\u0131r<br \/>\n3 \u2013 \u0130nand\u0131r\u0131c\u0131, i\u00e7ten ve samimidirler.<br \/>\n4 \u2013 Konu\u015fma diline yak\u0131n bir dil kullan\u0131l\u0131r.<br \/>\n5 \u2013 yazar\u0131n ki\u015fili\u011fini, g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015flerini ve ruhsal yap\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 yans\u0131t\u0131rlar.<br \/>\n6 \u2013 Ger\u00e7ekler, ya\u015fan\u0131lanlar de\u011fi\u015ftirilmeden, \u00e7arp\u0131t\u0131lmadn yaz\u0131l\u0131r<br \/>\n7- Tarih, biyografi an\u0131, \u2026 i\u00e7in birer belge de\u011feri ta\u015f\u0131rlar.<br \/>\n<strong>G\u00dcNL\u00dcK \u00c7E\u015e\u0130TLER\u0130<\/strong><br \/>\n1 \u2013 \u0130\u00e7e D\u00f6n\u00fck G\u00fcnl\u00fckler ( \u00f6zel ruhbilimsel g\u00fcnl\u00fck ) Yazar\u0131n bir bak\u0131ma kendi kendi ile konu\u015fmas\u0131d\u0131r i\u00e7inde bulundu\u011fu do\u011fal ve toplumsl \u00e7evreden yazg\u0131s\u0131ndan yak\u0131n\u0131r. Bu metinlerde yazar\u0131n ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131 duygusal co\u015fkunlu\u011fu bulabilece\u011fimiz gibi, \u00e7e\u015fitli kavramlar hakk\u0131ndaki d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncelerin yazar\u0131n bilincindeki a\u00e7\u0131l\u0131mlar\u0131n\u0131 da bulabiliriz. Stendhal\u2019\u0131n g\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc, Rus yazar Alexander Sergeyevi\u00e7 Pu\u015fkin\u2019in \u201c Gizli G\u00fcnce\u201d bu metinlere \u00f6rnek g\u00f6sterilebilecek niteliktedir. Frans\u0131z yazar\u0131 Andre Gide ve bizde Nurullah Ata\u00e7 bu t\u00fcr\u00fcn ba\u015fta gelen ustalar\u0131ndand\u0131r.<br \/>\n2 \u2013 D\u0131\u015fa D\u00f6n\u00fck G\u00fcnl\u00fckler : . Bu tip g\u00fcnl\u00fcklerde yazarlar, alayc\u0131 bir tav\u0131rla d\u00f6nemin olaylar\u0131n\u0131, siyaset ,sanat ve edebiyat adamlar\u0131n\u0131 ya da g\u00fcndelik s\u0131k\u0131nt\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6yk\u00fc tekni\u011fi kullan\u0131larak anlatmaktad\u0131rlar. Bu t\u00fcr g\u00fcnl\u00fcklerde yazar kendi zaman dilimi i\u00e7indeki tutum ve davran\u0131\u015flardan,d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnsel ak\u0131mlardan haber verir. Bu nedenle de bu g\u00fcnl\u00fckler birer belge de\u011feri ta\u015f\u0131r.. \u00dcnl\u00fc ressam Paul Gaugin\u2019in o d\u00f6nemde Frans\u0131z kolonisi olan Markiz adalar\u0131nda yazd\u0131\u011f\u0131 g\u00fcnl\u00fck, d\u0131\u015fa d\u00f6n\u00fck g\u00fcnl\u00fcklere \u00f6rnek olabilir<br \/>\nYa\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131 hayat kesitlerini, \u00e7e\u015fitli konulardaki izlenimlerini \u00f6yk\u00fc tekni\u011fi ve zengin betimlemeler arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131yla g\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcne yans\u0131tan \u00fcnl\u00fc \u00f6yk\u00fcc\u00fcm\u00fcz Tomris Uyar\u2019\u0131n g\u00fcnl\u00fckleri de d\u0131\u015fa d\u00f6n\u00fck niteli\u011fe sahiptir.<br \/>\nBu t\u00fcrler d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda bir de sanat esarlerinin olu\u015fumu ve geli\u015fini ile ilgili g\u00fcnl\u00fcklerde vard\u0131r. Yazar eserinin geli\u015fme evrelerini g\u00fcn\u00fc g\u00fcn\u00fcne anlat\u0131rken \u00e7ekti\u011fi s\u0131k\u0131nt\u0131lar\u0131, kayg\u0131lar \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma y\u00f6ntemini de bize g\u00f6stermi\u015f olur. A. Gide\u2019nin \u201cKalpazanlar\u201d Thomas Man\u2019\u0131n \u201cDoktor Faustas\u201d bu t\u00fcr g\u00fcnl\u00fcklerin ba\u015far\u0131l\u0131 \u00f6rnekleridir.<br \/>\n<strong>TAR\u0130HSEL GEL\u0130\u015e\u0130M\u0130<\/strong><br \/>\nG\u00fcnl\u00fck isimli yaz\u0131n t\u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fcn tarihsel geli\u015fimini ve ge\u00e7irdi\u011fi evreleri incelemek istedi\u011fimizde bu yaz\u0131n t\u00fcr\u00fc i\u00e7in iki ayr\u0131 d\u00f6nem oldu\u011funu fark ederiz. Bu d\u00f6nemlerden ilki g\u00fcnl\u00fcklerin edebi bir nitelik kazanmas\u0131ndan \u00f6nceki d\u00f6nemdir. Tarihte ilk defa Romal\u0131lar g\u00fcnl\u00fck kullanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Edebi i\u00e7erikten yoksun, bir tak\u0131m kamu kurulu\u015flar\u0131nda yap\u0131lan i\u015flemlerin unutulmamas\u0131 amac\u0131yla tutulan ve \u201ccommentarii\u201d ad\u0131yla an\u0131lan bu ilk g\u00fcnl\u00fckler, duygusall\u0131ktan uzak notlar\u0131n kabaca birle\u015fiminden olu\u015fmaktad\u0131r. Tarihte, bu \u00e7e\u015fit g\u00fcnl\u00fcklerin sava\u015flar ve askeri hareketleri not etmek amac\u0131yla kullan\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 da g\u00f6r\u00fclm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. Edebiyat de\u011feri ta\u015f\u0131mayan bu g\u00fcnl\u00fckler \u015f\u00fcphesiz tarih\u00e7iler i\u00e7in \u00f6nemli kan\u0131tlard\u0131r.<br \/>\nOsmanl\u0131 Te\u015frifat\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131ndan Ahmet A\u011fa Kara Mustafa Pa\u015fa\u2019n\u0131n \u0130kinci Viyana ku\u015fatmas\u0131n\u0131 g\u00fcn\u00fc g\u00fcn\u00fcne kaydetti\u011fi \u201cVakay-\u0131 Be\u00e7 \u201cadl\u0131 eseri( Asl\u0131 Viyana Milli k\u00fct\u00fcphanesinde olup \u201cViyana \u00d6nlerinde Kara Mustafa Pa\u015fa \u201c ve \u201cViyana Ku\u015fatmas\u0131 G\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc \u201c olarak T\u00fcrk\u00e7eye \u00e7evrilmi\u015f ) , Yavuz Sultan Selim\u2019in \u00c7ald\u0131ran ve M\u0131s\u0131r seferini anlatan \u201cHaydar \u00c7elebi Ruznamesi \u201c bu d\u00f6nem ve olaylara \u0131\u015f\u0131k tutmu\u015ftur .<br \/>\nG\u00fcnl\u00fckler edebi de\u011fer kazanmaya ancak. R\u00f6nesans sonlar\u0131na do\u011fru ba\u015flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. 1768-1840 y\u0131llar\u0131 aras\u0131nda \u0130ngiltere Krali\u00e7esinin nedimesi ve roman yazar\u0131 olan Fanny Burney, saray dedikodular\u0131na ve pek \u00e7ok olaya kendi duygusal izlenimlerini ekleyerek yazd\u0131\u011f\u0131 g\u00fcnl\u00fckle \u0130ngiliz edebiyat\u0131nda \u00f6nemli bir yere sahip olmu\u015ftur<br \/>\n19. y\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131n ortalar\u0131na do\u011fru, romantizm ak\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n en yo\u011fun d\u00f6nemini ya\u015famas\u0131yla birlikte g\u00fcnl\u00fckler, edebi de\u011feri ve i\u00e7eri\u011fi bak\u0131m\u0131ndan \u00e7o\u011falmaya, yayg\u0131nla\u015fmaya ve yazarlar\u0131n\u0131n i\u00e7 d\u00fcnyas\u0131n\u0131 yo\u011fun duygularla yans\u0131tmaya ba\u015flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<br \/>\nT\u00fcrk edebiyat tarihi d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnde, Divan edebiyat\u0131 d\u00f6neminde tutulan \u201cRuzname\u201d isimli sava\u015f notlar\u0131 ile Evliya \u00c7elibi\u2019nin \u201cSeyahatname\u201dsi tam bir g\u00fcnl\u00fck niteli\u011fi ta\u015f\u0131masa da i\u00e7erdikleri baz\u0131 b\u00f6l\u00fcmlerle bu yaz\u0131n t\u00fcr\u00fcne yak\u0131nsamakta ve tarihimizdeki ilk g\u00fcnl\u00fck \u00f6rneklerini olu\u015fturmaktad\u0131r. As\u0131l olarak g\u00fcnl\u00fcklerin, bat\u0131 edebiyat\u0131ndaki bi\u00e7im ve i\u00e7eri\u011fiyle T\u00fcrk edebiyat\u0131nda yer almas\u0131 Tanzimat d\u00f6nemine denk gelmi\u015ftir. Direkt\u00f6r Ali Bey\u2019in \u201cSeyahat Jurnali\u201d(1897) adl\u0131 gezi kitab\u0131 bat\u0131daki anlam\u0131yla T\u00fcrk edebiyat\u0131nda g\u00f6r\u00fclen ilk g\u00fcnl\u00fckt\u00fcr.Bunu \u015fair Nig\u00e2r Han\u0131m \u0131n \u201c Hayat\u0131m\u0131n Hikayesi\u201d adl\u0131 eseri izler.<br \/>\nG\u00fcnl\u00fckler ,1950 y\u0131l\u0131nda Nurullah Ata\u00e7\u2019\u0131n bir gazetede g\u00fcnl\u00fck yaz\u0131lar\u0131 yazmas\u0131ndan ve yo\u011fun ilgi \u00e7ekmesinden sonra \u00f6nem kazanmaya ba\u015flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Nurullah Ata\u00e7 bu yaz\u0131lar\u0131na ba\u015fl\u0131k olarak \u201cG\u00fcnl\u00fck\u201d yerine \u201cG\u00fcnce\u201d deyi\u015fini kullanarak bu deyi\u015fi yaz\u0131n hayat\u0131m\u0131za kazand\u0131rm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Nurullah Ata\u00e7\u2019\u0131n g\u00fcnceleri i\u00e7e ve d\u0131\u015fa d\u00f6n\u00fck i\u00e7eri\u011fin uyumlu bir sentezi olarak edebiyat d\u00fcnyas\u0131na bu t\u00fcrdeki en bilinen eser olarak ge\u00e7mi\u015ftir.<br \/>\nT\u00fcrk edebiyat\u0131ndaki en se\u00e7kin g\u00fcnl\u00fcklerin ba\u015f\u0131nda O\u011fuz Atay\u2019\u0131n g\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc ile Cemal S\u00fcreya\u2019n\u0131n \u201cG\u00fcnler\u201d adl\u0131 eseri gelmektedir Bunlar d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda edebiyat\u0131m\u0131zda kitap olarak bas\u0131lan en \u00f6nemli g\u00fcnl\u00fckler ve yazarlar\u0131 \u015funlard\u0131r .<br \/>\nG\u00fcnce, U\u00e7u\u015f G\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc, Gazi G\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc Avusturya G\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc : Nurullah Ata\u00e7<br \/>\nG\u00fcnl\u00fck , Ku\u015flar\u0131 \u00d6rt\u00fcnmek, Nezleli Karga, Bay sessizlik, Aynalar G\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc : Salah Birsel<br \/>\nYery\u00fcz\u00fc Korkusu, Ge\u00e7mi\u015fin Ku\u015flar\u0131, An\u0131larda G\u00f6rmek : Oktay Akbal<br \/>\n\u201cKafkas Yollar\u0131nda : Refik Ahmet Alt\u0131nay<br \/>\nYolculuk Defteri : Falh R\u0131fk\u0131 Atay<br \/>\nG\u00fcnd\u00f6k\u00fcm\u00fc, Sesler, Y\u00fczler, Sokaklar, G\u00fcnlerin Tortusu : Tomris Uyar.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u00d6\u011fretmeye ba\u011fl\u0131, ger\u00e7ek\u00e7i anlat\u0131m t\u00fcrlerinden biri olan g\u00fcnl\u00fckler, bir ki\u015finin \u00f6nemli ve kayda de\u011fer buldu\u011fu olaylar\u0131 , g\u00f6zlem , izlenim duygu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnce ve hayallerini g\u00fcn\u00fc g\u00fcn\u00fcne tarih belirterek anlatt\u0131\u011f\u0131 yazd\u0131\u011f\u0131 yaz\u0131 t\u00fcr\u00fcd\u00fcr. Latincedeki \u201cdies ( g\u00fcn ) s\u00f6zc\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnden \u201cdiarium\u201d ( g\u00fcnl\u00fck ) s\u00f6z\u00fcnden gelir Edebiyat ve sanat d\u00fcnyas\u0131ndan tan\u0131nm\u0131\u015f ki\u015filerin kaleminden g\u00fcn\u00fc g\u00fcn\u00fcne yaz\u0131lan g\u00fcnl\u00fckler, &#8230; <a title=\"G\u00fcnl\u00fck, G\u00fcnl\u00fck \u00d6zellikleri, G\u00fcnl\u00fck \u00c7e\u015fitleri\" class=\"read-more\" href=\"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/gunluk-gunluk-ozellikleri-gunluk-cesitleri.html\" aria-label=\"More on G\u00fcnl\u00fck, G\u00fcnl\u00fck \u00d6zellikleri, G\u00fcnl\u00fck \u00c7e\u015fitleri\">Devam\u0131n\u0131 oku&#8230;<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[224],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-59852","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-edebiyat-dil-anlatim"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/59852","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=59852"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/59852\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=59852"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=59852"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=59852"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}