{"id":54593,"date":"2014-11-14T18:56:13","date_gmt":"2014-11-14T16:56:13","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/?p=54593"},"modified":"2014-11-14T18:56:13","modified_gmt":"2014-11-14T16:56:13","slug":"maddeyi-nasil-niteleriz","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/maddeyi-nasil-niteleriz.html","title":{"rendered":"Maddeyi Nas\u0131l Niteleriz?"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong>Maddeyi Nas\u0131l Niteleriz?<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u00c7evremizde bulunan t\u00fcm maddeler ayn\u0131 \u00f6zellikte de\u011fildir. Duyu organlar\u0131m\u0131z\u0131 kullanarak maddelerin \u00f6zelliklerini niteleriz. Maddeleri nitelerken yumu\u015fak-sert, parlak-mat, saydam-opak gibi isimler kullan\u0131r\u0131z.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Saydam-Yar\u0131 Saydam- Opak: <\/strong>I\u015f\u0131\u011f\u0131n tamam\u0131n\u0131 ge\u00e7iren maddelere <strong>saydam <\/strong>maddeler denir. Hava, su, cam, \u015feffaf \u015fi\u015fe gibi maddeler saydam maddelerdir. I\u015f\u0131\u011f\u0131n bir k\u0131sm\u0131n\u0131 ge\u00e7irip bir k\u0131sm\u0131n\u0131 ge\u00e7irmeye maddelere <strong>yar\u0131 saydam <\/strong>madde denir. Yar\u0131 saydam maddeler g\u00f6lge olu\u015fturur. Buzlu cam, ya\u011fl\u0131 ka\u011f\u0131t, baz\u0131 po\u015fetler yar\u0131 saydam maddelere \u00f6rnek olarak g\u00f6sterilebilir. I\u015f\u0131\u011f\u0131 hi\u00e7 ge\u00e7irmeyen maddelere ise <strong>opak<\/strong> maddeler denir. Tahta, ta\u015f beton, demir gibi maddeler opakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Parlak-Mat: <\/strong>Baz\u0131 maddeler \u00fczerlerine d\u00fc\u015fen \u0131\u015f\u0131\u011f\u0131 yans\u0131t\u0131r. B\u00f6yle maddelere <strong>Parlak<\/strong> madde denir. Alt\u0131n, g\u00fcm\u00fc\u015f, elma gibi maddeler parlak maddelere \u00f6rnek olarak g\u00f6sterilebilir. Baz\u0131 maddeler ise \u00fczerlerine d\u00fc\u015fen \u0131\u015f\u0131klar\u0131 yans\u0131tmazlar. \u00dczerlerine d\u00fc\u015fen \u0131\u015f\u0131\u011f\u0131 yans\u0131tmayan maddelere <strong>mat <\/strong>madde denir. Ta\u015f, k\u00f6m\u00fcr gibi maddeler mat maddelerdir.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Sertlik-Yumu\u015fakl\u0131k: <\/strong>Baz\u0131 maddelere kolayca \u015fekil verebiliriz. Kolayca \u015fekil verebildi\u011fimiz maddelere <strong>yumu\u015fak<\/strong> madde deriz.\u00a0 Pamuk, s\u00fcnger, lastik yumu\u015fak maddelere \u00f6rnek olarak g\u00f6sterilebilir. Kolayca \u015fekil veremedi\u011fimiz ve \u00e7izilmeye dayan\u0131kl\u0131 maddelere ise<strong> sert<\/strong> maddeler denir. Tahta, ta\u015f, \u00e7elik tencere gibi maddeler sert maddelere \u00f6rnek olarak g\u00f6sterilebilir.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Esneklik-Berklik: <\/strong>Kuvvet uyguland\u0131\u011f\u0131nda kolayca b\u00fck\u00fclebilen maddelere<strong> esnek<\/strong> madde denir.\u00a0 Paket lasti\u011fi, s\u00fcnger, balon, pamuk esnek maddelere \u00f6rnek olarak g\u00f6sterilebilir. Kuvvet uyguland\u0131\u011f\u0131nda esnemeyen maddelere ise <strong>berk<\/strong> madde denir. Kur\u015fun kalem, tahta cetvel, \u00e7ivi berk maddelere \u00f6rnek olarak g\u00f6sterilebilir.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Sa\u011flaml\u0131k-K\u0131r\u0131lganl\u0131k:<\/strong> Bir maddenin sa\u011flam ve ya k\u0131r\u0131lgan olmas\u0131 o maddenin kopmaya ve k\u0131r\u0131lmaya kar\u015f\u0131 dayan\u0131kl\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131na ba\u011fl\u0131d\u0131r. Baz\u0131 maddeler kopmaya kar\u015f\u0131 olduk\u00e7a dayan\u0131kl\u0131d\u0131r. Bu y\u00fczden demir, \u00e7elik, g\u00fcm\u00fc\u015f gibi maddelere<strong> sa\u011flam<\/strong> madde denir. Baz\u0131 maddeler ise kolayca k\u0131r\u0131l\u0131p kopabilir. Cam, porselen, seramik gibi maddeler kolayca k\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan b\u00f6yle maddelere <strong>k\u0131r\u0131lgan<\/strong> madde denir.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Suyu \u00c7ekme- Suyu \u00c7ekmeme: <\/strong>Baz\u0131 maddeler; ka\u011f\u0131t havlu, pamuk, havlu gibi <strong>suyu \u00e7ekerken , <\/strong>Naylon seramik gibi maddeler <strong>suyu \u00e7ekmez<\/strong>, sadece \u0131slan\u0131rlar. \u00c7ad\u0131r, \u015femsiye, ya\u011fmurluk gibi maddeler yap\u0131l\u0131rken suyu \u00e7ekmeyen malzemeler kullan\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Suda Batma-Y\u00fczme: <\/strong>Baz\u0131 maddeler suda y\u00fczerken, baz\u0131 maddeler suda y\u00fczerler. Maddelerin suda batmas\u0131 ve ya y\u00fczmesi maddenin b\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcne de\u011fil maddenin cinsine ba\u011fl\u0131d\u0131r. \u00c7ok k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck bir kum tanesi suda batarken, kocaman bir tahta suda y\u00fczer.<\/p>\n<p><strong>M\u0131knat\u0131sla \u00c7ekilme \u00d6zelli\u011fi:<\/strong> Demir, \u00e7elik, nikel ve kobalt gibi maddeler m\u0131knat\u0131s taraf\u0131ndan \u00e7ekilebilme \u00f6zelli\u011fine sahiptir. Cam, ta\u015f par\u00e7as\u0131, tahta gibi maddeler ise m\u0131knat\u0131s taraf\u0131ndan \u00e7ekilmezler. M\u0131knat\u0131sla \u00e7ekilme \u00f6zelli\u011finden faydalanarak birbirine kar\u0131\u015f\u0131k halde bulunan kum ile demir tozlar\u0131n\u0131 rahatl\u0131kla ay\u0131rabiliriz.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Renk \u00d6zelli\u011fi:<\/strong> Baz\u0131 maddelerin kendilerine \u00f6zg\u00fc renkleri vard\u0131r. Bu maddeleri, renklerine bakarak di\u011ferlerinden ay\u0131rt edebiliriz. Ancak ayn\u0131 renkte bir \u00e7ok madde de vard\u0131r. Bu nedenle renk, maddeleri ay\u0131rt etmede tek ba\u015f\u0131na kullanamay\u0131z. \u00d6rne\u011fin, un ve pudra \u015fekeri beyazd\u0131r. Tuz da beyazd\u0131r. Bu \u00fc\u00e7 maddeyi sadece renklerine bakarak ay\u0131rt edemeyiz.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Koku \u00d6zelli\u011fi: <\/strong>Baz\u0131 maddelerin kendilerine \u00f6zg\u00fc kokular\u0131 vard\u0131r. \u00d6rne\u011fin g\u00fcl\u00fcn kendine \u00f6zg\u00fc bir kokusu vard\u0131r. G\u00fcl\u00fc g\u00f6rmeden de kokusunu alarak etraf\u0131m\u0131zda bir g\u00fcl oldu\u011funu anlayabiliriz. Baz\u0131 maddeler ise kokusuzdur. \u00d6rnek olarak havan\u0131n, suyun, ta\u015f\u0131n kokusu yoktur. Bu nedenle sadece kokular\u0131na bakarak maddeleri ay\u0131rt etmemiz m\u00fcmk\u00fcn de\u011fildir.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Tat \u00d6zelli\u011fi: <\/strong>Yiyecek maddelerinin \u00e7o\u011funu tad\u0131ndan anlayabiliriz. Her yiyece\u011fin kendine \u00f6zg\u00fcr bir tad\u0131 vard\u0131r. Yaln\u0131z maddeleri sadece tatlar\u0131na bakarak ay\u0131rt etmeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmak bazen tehlikeli olabilir. Zehirlenme olas\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 ortaya \u00e7\u0131kartabilir.<\/p>\n<p>\u00c7evremizde \u00e7ok farkl\u0131 \u00f6zelliklerde bir\u00e7ok maddenin oldu\u011funu \u00f6\u011frendik. Bu maddelerin \u00f6zellikleri onlar\u0131n kullan\u0131m ama\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131 ve kullan\u0131ld\u0131klar\u0131 yerleri belirler. Ayakkab\u0131, \u00e7anta, ya\u011fmurluk, havlu, \u00e7ad\u0131r, mendil, cam bardak gibi e\u015fyalar yap\u0131l\u0131rken yumu\u015fak ve sert maddeler kullan\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. G\u00f6zl\u00fck camlar\u0131 ve pencereler saydamd\u0131r ve \u0131\u015f\u0131\u011f\u0131 ge\u00e7irir. Evlerin duvarlar\u0131 opak ve sa\u011flamd\u0131r. Ka\u011f\u0131t havlu ve pe\u00e7etelerin suyu \u00e7ekme \u00f6zelli\u011fi vard\u0131r. \u015eemsiye, ya\u011fmurluk ve ayakkab\u0131 gibi e\u015fyalar\u0131n yap\u0131m\u0131nda ise suyu \u00e7ekmeyen malzemeler kullan\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Maddelerin \u00f6zellikleri kullan\u0131m alanlar\u0131n\u0131 belirler.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>MADDEN\u0130N HALLER\u0130<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Maddeler do\u011fada kat\u0131, s\u0131v\u0131 ve gaz olmak \u00fczere 3 halde bulunurlar.<\/p>\n<p>MADDE<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>KATI\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 SIVI\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 GAZ<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>KATI: <\/strong>Kat\u0131lar, elle tutulup g\u00f6zle g\u00f6r\u00fclebilen ve belirli bir \u015fekli olan maddelerdir. Kat\u0131lar\u0131n bu \u00f6zellikleri sayesinde s\u0131ra, masa, sandalye, koltuk gibi e\u015fyalar\u0131 kolayl\u0131kla kullanabilmekteyiz. Kat\u0131 maddelerin \u015fekilleri d\u0131\u015far\u0131dan bir etki olmad\u0131k\u00e7a de\u011fi\u015fmez. Kat\u0131 bir madde olan kola kutusu, s\u0131k\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda \u015fekil de\u011fi\u015ftirir.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Kat\u0131 Maddelerin \u00d6zellikleri:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Belirli bir \u015fekilleri vard\u0131r.<\/li>\n<li>Belirli bir hacmi vard\u0131r.<\/li>\n<li>Un, \u015feker, pirin\u00e7, tuz gibi k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck taneli kat\u0131lar bulunduklar\u0131 kab\u0131n \u015feklini al\u0131r.<\/li>\n<li>B\u00fcy\u00fck taneli kat\u0131lar bulunduklar\u0131 kab\u0131n \u015feklini almazlar.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>SIVI:<\/strong> Belirli bir \u015fekli olmayan, ak\u0131\u015fkan ve s\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lamayan maddelere s\u0131v\u0131 maddeler denir. S\u0131v\u0131 maddeler hangi kapta bulunuyorlarsa o kab\u0131n \u015feklini al\u0131rlar. Su, zeytinya\u011f\u0131, kola gibi maddeler s\u0131v\u0131 maddelere \u00f6rnek olarak g\u00f6sterilebilir.<\/p>\n<p><strong>S\u0131v\u0131 Maddelerin \u00d6zellikleri:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Belirli bir \u015fekilleri yoktur.<\/li>\n<li>Belirli bir hacimleri vard\u0131r.<\/li>\n<li>S\u0131v\u0131lar ak\u0131\u015fkand\u0131r. Konulduklar\u0131 kab\u0131n \u015feklini al\u0131rlar.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>GAZ: <\/strong>Hava, do\u011fal gaz, su buhar\u0131 ve LPG gaz maddelerden baz\u0131lar\u0131d\u0131r. Yang\u0131n s\u00f6nd\u00fcrme t\u00fcpleri, mutfakta kullan\u0131lan mutfak t\u00fcpleri ve dalg\u0131\u00e7lar\u0131n kulland\u0131\u011f\u0131 oksijen t\u00fcplerinin i\u00e7inde; s\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f ve hacmi k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fclt\u00fclm\u00fc\u015f gaz maddeler bulunur. Gazla serbest kal\u0131nca bulunduklar\u0131 ortama yay\u0131l\u0131rlar. \u00d6rne\u011fin, mutfakta do\u011fal gaz ve ya LPG s\u0131z\u0131nt\u0131s\u0131 oldu\u011funda bir s\u00fcre sonra odada kokusu duyulur. S\u0131k\u0131lan spreyin ve ya d\u00f6k\u00fclen kolonyan\u0131n kokusu da bir s\u00fcre sonra b\u00fct\u00fcn odaya yay\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p>Havay\u0131 g\u00f6remeyiz ama bir yelpazeyi y\u00fcz\u00fcm\u00fcze do\u011fru sallarsak varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 hissedebiliriz. Bo\u015f bir \u015fi\u015feyi yan tutulup suya dald\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda \u00e7\u0131kan kabarc\u0131klar havan\u0131n varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6sterir.<\/p>\n<p>Gazlar \u00e7ok k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck delik ve g\u00f6zeneklerden ka\u00e7abilirler. Toplu i\u011fne bat\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f balonun \u015fi\u015firildikten bir s\u00fcre sonra s\u00f6nmesi bu nedendendir.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Gazlar\u0131n \u00d6zellikleri:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Belirli bir \u015fekilleri yoktur.<\/li>\n<li>Belirli bir hacimleri yoktur.<\/li>\n<li>Bulunduklar\u0131 kab\u0131 tamamen doldururlar.<\/li>\n<li>S\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131labilirler. S\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131l\u0131nca hacimleri k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fcl\u00fcr.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>A\u015eA\u011eIDAK\u0130 SORULARI ve CEVAPLARINI DEFTER\u0130NE YAZ.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>1- <\/strong>Saydam maddeler nerelerde kullan\u0131l\u0131r?<\/p>\n<p><strong>2- <\/strong>Suda y\u00fczme ve batma \u00f6zelli\u011fi maddenin b\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcne mi yoksa cinsine mi ba\u011fl\u0131d\u0131r? \u00d6rnek vererek a\u00e7\u0131klay\u0131n\u0131z.<\/p>\n<p><strong>3-<\/strong> Kum ile kar\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lan demir tozunu birbirinden ay\u0131rmak i\u00e7in maddenin hangi \u00f6zelli\u011finden faydalanabiliriz?<\/p>\n<p><strong>4-<\/strong> Sadece maddenin renk \u00f6zelli\u011finden faydalanarak maddeleri ay\u0131rt edebilir miyiz? A\u00e7\u0131klay\u0131n\u0131z.<\/p>\n<p><strong>5-<\/strong> Esneklik ve Berklik \u00f6zellikleri hakk\u0131nda bilgi veriniz.<\/p>\n<p><strong>6-<\/strong> Bir madde birden \u00e7ok \u00f6zelli\u011fe sahip olabilir mi? \u00d6rnek vererek a\u00e7\u0131klay\u0131n\u0131z.<\/p>\n<p><strong>7-<\/strong> K\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck taneli kat\u0131 maddeler ile s\u0131v\u0131lar aras\u0131nda nas\u0131l bir benzerlik vard\u0131r?<\/p>\n<p><strong>8-<\/strong> Gazlar\u0131n k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck g\u00f6zeneklerden ka\u00e7abilece\u011fini kan\u0131tlamak isteyen bir \u00f6\u011frenci nas\u0131l bir deney yapabilir?<\/p>\n<p><strong>9-<\/strong> Elimize s\u00fcrd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcm\u00fcz kolonyan\u0131n bir m\u00fcddet sonra odan\u0131n her taraf\u0131ndan kokusunun hissedilmesi gazlar\u0131n hangi \u00f6zelli\u011fi ile ilgilidir?<\/p>\n<p><strong>10-<\/strong> S\u0131v\u0131lar\u0131n belirli bir \u015fekli var m\u0131d\u0131r? \u00d6rnek vererek a\u00e7\u0131klay\u0131n\u0131z.<\/p>\n<p><strong>11-<\/strong> Madde do\u011fada ka\u00e7 halde bulunur? \u0130simlerini yaz\u0131n\u0131z.<\/p>\n<p><strong>12-<\/strong> Sadece maddenin tat \u00f6zelli\u011finden faydalanarak maddeleri ay\u0131rt etmeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmak neden tehlikeli olabilir?<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Maddeyi Nas\u0131l Niteleriz? \u00c7evremizde bulunan t\u00fcm maddeler ayn\u0131 \u00f6zellikte de\u011fildir. Duyu organlar\u0131m\u0131z\u0131 kullanarak maddelerin \u00f6zelliklerini niteleriz. Maddeleri nitelerken yumu\u015fak-sert, parlak-mat, saydam-opak gibi isimler kullan\u0131r\u0131z. Saydam-Yar\u0131 Saydam- Opak: I\u015f\u0131\u011f\u0131n tamam\u0131n\u0131 ge\u00e7iren maddelere saydam maddeler denir. Hava, su, cam, \u015feffaf \u015fi\u015fe gibi maddeler saydam maddelerdir. I\u015f\u0131\u011f\u0131n bir k\u0131sm\u0131n\u0131 ge\u00e7irip bir k\u0131sm\u0131n\u0131 ge\u00e7irmeye maddelere yar\u0131 saydam madde denir. &#8230; <a title=\"Maddeyi Nas\u0131l Niteleriz?\" class=\"read-more\" href=\"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/maddeyi-nasil-niteleriz.html\" aria-label=\"More on Maddeyi Nas\u0131l Niteleriz?\">Devam\u0131n\u0131 oku&#8230;<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[15],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/54593"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=54593"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/54593\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=54593"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=54593"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=54593"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}