{"id":47739,"date":"2013-11-24T15:32:30","date_gmt":"2013-11-24T13:32:30","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/?p=47739"},"modified":"2013-11-24T15:32:30","modified_gmt":"2013-11-24T13:32:30","slug":"10-tarih-soru-ve-cevaplari","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/10-tarih-soru-ve-cevaplari.html","title":{"rendered":"10.Tarih soru ve cevaplar\u0131"},"content":{"rendered":"<ol start=\"1\">\n<li><b>Yak\u0131n Do\u011fu kavram\u0131 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 i\u00e7erisine hangi co\u011frafyalar girer?<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>Anadolu, \u0130ran, Irak, Suriye, Filistin, Arabistan ve Afrika\u2019daki M\u0131s\u0131r\u2019\u0131 i\u00e7ine alan geni\u015f bir b\u00f6lgedir.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ol start=\"2\">\n<li><b>14. Y\u00fczy\u0131lda Yak\u0131n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Do\u011fu\u2019da bulunan devletler hangileridir?<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>T\u00fcrkiye Sel\u00e7uklu Devleti, Anadolu Beylikleri, Ceneviz kolonileri, Trabzon Rum \u0130mparatorlu\u011fu, \u0130lhanl\u0131 Devleti, Bizans \u0130mparatorlu\u011fu, Alt\u0131n Orda Devleti ve Memluk Devleti.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ol start=\"3\">\n<li><b>14. Y\u00fczy\u0131lda \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Balkanlarda bulunan devletler hangileridir?<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>Bizans \u0130mparatorlu\u011fu, S\u0131rp, Bulgar, Arnavut krall\u0131klar\u0131, Eflak ve Bo\u011fdan voyvodal\u0131klar\u0131, Bosna ve Hersek prenslikleri bulunuyordu.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ol start=\"4\">\n<li><b>Osmanl\u0131 Devletinin \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 kurucular\u0131 olan Osmanl\u0131 ailesi O\u011fuzlar\u0131n hangi kol ve boyuna mensupturlar?<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>O\u011fuzlar\u0131n Bozok kolunun, Kay\u0131 boyuna mensupturlar.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ol start=\"5\">\n<li><b>Koyunhisar Sava\u015f\u0131 ne \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 zaman yap\u0131ld\u0131? \u00d6nemi nedir?<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>1302\u2019de yap\u0131ld\u0131.\u0130lk Osmanl\u0131-Bizans sava\u015f\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ol start=\"6\">\n<li><b>Anadolu T\u00fcrk birli\u011fini \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 sa\u011flama y\u00f6n\u00fcnde at\u0131lan ilk ad\u0131m nedir? Hangi Osmanl\u0131 h\u00fck\u00fcmdar\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 at\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r?<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>Karesio\u011fullar\u0131 Beyli\u011finin al\u0131nmas\u0131, bu ad\u0131m Orhan Bey taraf\u0131ndan at\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ol start=\"7\">\n<li><b>Osmanl\u0131 Devletinde ilk \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 denizcilik faaliyetleri hangi olayla ba\u015flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r?<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>Karesio\u011fullar\u0131 Beyli\u011finin al\u0131nmas\u0131 ile.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ol start=\"8\">\n<li><b>T\u00fcrklerin Rumeli\u2019ye \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 ge\u00e7i\u015f ama\u00e7lar\u0131 nelerdir?<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>a) T\u00fcrk cihan h\u00e2kimiyeti ideali,<\/p>\n<p>b) B\u00f6lgedeki stratejik hedefler,<\/p>\n<p>c) \u0130stanbul\u2019un fethini kolayla\u015ft\u0131rmak,<\/p>\n<p>d) Yeni gelir kaynaklar\u0131 elde etmek,<\/p>\n<p>e) T\u00fcrkmenlere yeni yerle\u015fim alanlar\u0131 bulmak,<\/p>\n<p>f) Gaza ve cihat ruhu.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ol start=\"9\">\n<li><b>T\u00fcrklerin Rumeli\u2019ye ne \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 zaman, hangi olayla ge\u00e7tiler?<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>1353\u2019te, Bizans\u2019a yard\u0131mdan d\u00f6nen S\u00fcleyman Pa\u015fa Bizans taraf\u0131ndan Osmanl\u0131lara verilen Gelibolu Yar\u0131madas\u0131ndaki \u00c7impe Kale\u2019sine asker b\u0131rakt\u0131.B\u00f6ylece ilk defa Rumeli\u2019ye ge\u00e7ilmi\u015f oldu.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ol start=\"10\">\n<li><b>Osmanl\u0131lar\u0131n Rumeli\u2019de \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 uygulad\u0131klar\u0131 isk\u00e2n politikas\u0131n\u0131n temel ama\u00e7lar\u0131 nelerdir? <\/b><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>a) Ele ge\u00e7irilen yerleri en k\u0131sa zamanda T\u00fcrkle\u015ftirmek,<\/p>\n<p>b) Konar g\u00f6\u00e7er T\u00fcrkmenleri yerle\u015fik hayata ge\u00e7irmek.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ol start=\"11\">\n<li><b>I. Murat tahta \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 ge\u00e7tikten sonra \u00f6ncelikli olarak hangi tedbirleri almak zorunda kald\u0131?<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>a) Balkanlar\u2019daki fetihleri kal\u0131c\u0131 k\u0131larak, al\u0131nan yerlerin elden \u00e7\u0131kmas\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6nlemek,<\/p>\n<p>b) Edirne\u2019yi alarak Bizans\u2019\u0131n Balkanlarla ve Yunanistan\u2019daki topraklar\u0131yla ba\u011flant\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n kesmek,<\/p>\n<p>c) Karamano\u011fullar\u0131ndan gelecek tehlikeyi \u00f6nleyerek, Anadolu\u2019nun siyasi birli\u011fini kurma \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n\u0131 ba\u015flatmak.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ol start=\"12\">\n<li><b>Edirne\u2019nin fethinin \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00f6nemi nedir?<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>a) Bizans\u2019\u0131n Balkanlarla ve Yunanistan\u2019daki topraklar\u0131yla ba\u011flant\u0131s\u0131 kesildi,<\/p>\n<p>b) Balkanlar\u0131n fetih yolu a\u00e7\u0131ld\u0131.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ol start=\"13\">\n<li><b>Osmanl\u0131ya kar\u015f\u0131 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 kurulan ilk ha\u00e7l\u0131 ittifak\u0131n\u0131n amac\u0131 nedir?<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>Balkanlardaki T\u00fcrk ilerleyi\u015fini durdurmak ve T\u00fcrkleri Rumeli\u2019den atmak.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ol start=\"14\">\n<li><b>S\u0131rp S\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131 sava\u015f\u0131n\u0131n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 sonu\u00e7lar\u0131 nelerdir?<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>a) Ha\u00e7l\u0131lara kar\u015f\u0131 ilk zafer kazan\u0131ld\u0131<\/p>\n<p>b) Macarlar\u0131n Balkanlar \u00fczerinde ki n\u00fcfuzu k\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131,<\/p>\n<p>c) Ha\u00e7l\u0131 sald\u0131r\u0131lar\u0131na an\u0131nda kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k verebilmek ve Balkanlardaki fetih hareketlerini y\u00f6netmek i\u00e7in ba\u015fkent Edirne\u2019ye nakledildi,<\/p>\n<p>d) 1367\u2019ye kadar Do\u011fu Trakya\u2019n\u0131n fethi tamamland\u0131,<\/p>\n<p>e) Bulgar kral\u0131 bar\u0131\u015f isteyerek Osmanl\u0131 egemenli\u011fini kabul etmek zorunda kald\u0131.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ol start=\"15\">\n<li><b>\u00c7irmen Sava\u015f\u0131n\u0131n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 sebepleri nelerdir?<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>Bulgaristan\u2019\u0131n Osmanl\u0131 egemenli\u011fini kabul etmesi ve Osmanl\u0131lar\u0131n Makedonya\u2019y\u0131 ele ge\u00e7irmek istemesi.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ol start=\"16\">\n<li><b>I. Kosova Sava\u015f\u0131n\u0131n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 sonu\u00e7lar\u0131 nelerdir?<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>a) Rumeli\u2019ye ge\u00e7i\u015fte S\u0131rp S\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve \u00c7irmen\u2019den sora \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc b\u00fcy\u00fck ad\u0131m at\u0131ld\u0131,<\/p>\n<p>b) Osmanl\u0131 Balkanlardaki g\u00fcc\u00fcn\u00fc kan\u0131tlad\u0131; H\u00e2kimiyeti geni\u015fledi,<\/p>\n<p>c) Atina\u2019n\u0131n kuzeyinden Belgrat\u2019\u0131n g\u00fcneyine kadar geni\u015f bir alan Osmanl\u0131 h\u00e2kimiyetine girdi, Balkanlardaki T\u00fcrk ilerleyi\u015fi h\u0131zland\u0131.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ol start=\"17\">\n<li><b>\u0130stanbul\u2019u ilk kez \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 ku\u015fatan Osmanl\u0131 padi\u015fah\u0131 kimdir?<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>Y\u0131ld\u0131r\u0131m Bayezit<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ol start=\"18\">\n<li><b>Ni\u011fbolu Sava\u015f\u0131nda yer \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 alan ha\u00e7l\u0131 ordusunun amac\u0131 nedir?<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>\u0130stanbul\u2019u ku\u015fatmadan kurtarmak ve T\u00fcrkleri Balkanlardan atmak.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ol start=\"19\">\n<li><b>Ni\u011fbolu sava\u015f\u0131n\u0131n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 sonu\u00e7lar\u0131 nelerdir?<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>a) Bulgaristan bir T\u00fcrk ili haline geldi. Eflak ve Bosna Osmanl\u0131 h\u00e2kimiyetini kabul etti. Osmanl\u0131 s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131 Tuna\u2019ya kadar geni\u015fledi.<\/p>\n<p>b) Osmanl\u0131n\u0131n Anadolu ve \u0130slam d\u00fcnyas\u0131 \u00fczerindeki n\u00fcfuzu art\u0131.<\/p>\n<p>c) Ha\u00e7l\u0131lar 1444\u2019de kadar T\u00fcrklere sald\u0131rmaya cesaret edemediler.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ol start=\"20\">\n<li><b>Osmanl\u0131-Karamano\u011fullar\u0131 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 m\u00fccadelesinin temel nedenleri nelerdir?<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>Her iki devletinde Anadolu T\u00fcrk birli\u011fini kendi kontrolleri alt\u0131nda ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirme iste\u011fi.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ol start=\"21\">\n<li><b>Y\u0131ld\u0131r\u0131m Bayezit \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 d\u00f6nemi Anadolu T\u00fcrk birli\u011fini sa\u011flama \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n\u0131n Sonu\u00e7lar\u0131 nelerdir?<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>a) T\u00fcm bat\u0131 ve orta Anadolu Osmanl\u0131 idaresine girdi.Anadolu T\u00fcrk birli\u011fi b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde sa\u011fland\u0131.<\/p>\n<p>b) Akdeniz ve Ege sahillerine sahip olan devletin stratejik \u00f6nemi artt\u0131.<\/p>\n<p>c) Do\u011fuya do\u011fru geni\u015fleme siyaseti izlemese Osmanl\u0131y\u0131 Timur ile kar\u015f\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131ya getirdi.<\/p>\n<p>d) Sahillerin geni\u015flemesiyle denizcilik \u00f6nem kazand\u0131 ve Gelibolu tersanesi kuruldu.<\/p>\n<p>e) K\u00fctahya merkez olmak \u00fczere Anadolu Beylerbeyli\u011fi kuruldu.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ol start=\"22\">\n<li><b>Ankara Sava\u015f\u0131n\u0131n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 nedenleri nelerdir?<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>a) Timur\u2019un \u00c7in \u00fczerine sefer d\u00fczenlemeden \u00f6nce bat\u0131da g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc bir devlet b\u0131rakmak istememesi<\/p>\n<p>b) Her iki h\u00fck\u00fcmdar\u0131nda cihan h\u00e2kimiyeti idealine sahip olmas\u0131<\/p>\n<p>c) Osmanl\u0131\u2019dan ka\u00e7an beyler Timur\u2019u, Timur\u2019dan ka\u00e7an beylerde Y\u0131ld\u0131r\u0131m\u2019\u0131 k\u0131\u015fk\u0131rt\u0131yordu<\/p>\n<p>d) Kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131kl\u0131 hakaret i\u00e7eren mektuplar<\/p>\n<p>e) Timur\u2019un Y\u0131ld\u0131r\u0131m\u2019dan \u00e7ok a\u011f\u0131r isteklerde bulunmas\u0131<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ol start=\"23\">\n<li><b>Osmanl\u0131n\u0131n Ankara \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Sava\u015f\u0131\u2019nda yenilgiye u\u011framas\u0131n\u0131n nedenleri nelerdir?<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>a) Eski Anadolu beyliklerinden kalma baz\u0131 birliklerin ve Kara Tatarlar\u0131n Timur taraf\u0131na ge\u00e7mesi,<\/p>\n<p>b) Timur ordusunun g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc, yorulmam\u0131\u015f ve fillerle destekleniyor olmas\u0131,<\/p>\n<p>c) Yard\u0131mc\u0131 S\u0131rp kuvvetlerinin ve \u015fehzadelere ba\u011fl\u0131 birliklerin sava\u015ftan erken \u00e7ekilmesi.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ol start=\"24\">\n<li><b>Ankara Sava\u015f\u0131nda \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 u\u011fran\u0131lan yenilginin Anadolu \u00fczerindeki sonu\u00e7lar\u0131 nelerdir?<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>a) Y\u0131ld\u0131r\u0131m ile o\u011fullar\u0131 Musa ve Mustafa \u00c7elebiler esir d\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc. Y\u0131ld\u0131r\u0131m\u0131n di\u011fer o\u011fullar\u0131 Timur\u2019a itaat ettiler, b\u00f6ylece ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131\u011fa g\u00f6lge d\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc,<\/p>\n<p>b) Anadolu T\u00fcrk Birli\u011fi bozuldu, Anadolu Beylikleri yeniden kuruldu,<\/p>\n<p>c) Osmanl\u0131 topraklar\u0131 d\u00e2hil t\u00fcm Anadolu Timur h\u00e2kimiyeti alt\u0131na girdi, Anadolu\u2019da can ve mal g\u00fcvenli\u011fi kalmad\u0131,<\/p>\n<p>d) Y\u0131ld\u0131r\u0131m\u0131n o\u011fullar\u0131 aras\u0131nda ki m\u00fccadeleden dolay\u0131 Fetret Devri ba\u015flad\u0131, Osmanl\u0131 da\u011f\u0131lma tehlikesiyle kar\u015f\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131ya kald\u0131.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ol start=\"25\">\n<li><b>Ankara Sava\u015f\u0131\u2019nda \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 u\u011fran\u0131lan yenilginin Rumeli \u00fczerindeki etkileri nelerdir?<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>a) Bizans\u2019\u0131n \u00f6mr\u00fc uzad\u0131. \u0130stanbul\u2019un al\u0131nmas\u0131 50 y\u0131l gecikti,<\/p>\n<p>b) Rumeli\u2019de fethedilen yerlerin bir k\u0131sm\u0131 elden \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131, fakat b\u00fcy\u00fck bir kay\u0131p ya\u015fanmad\u0131<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ol start=\"26\">\n<li><b>Ankara Sava\u015f\u0131 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 sonras\u0131nda Rumeli\u2019deki kay\u0131plar\u0131n az olmas\u0131n\u0131n nedenleri nelerdir?<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>a) Osmanl\u0131\u2019n\u0131n ho\u015fg\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fc bir politika izleyerek H\u0131ristiyan halk\u0131 tekfurlar ve voyvodalara kar\u015f\u0131 korumu\u015f olmas\u0131,<\/p>\n<p>b) \u0130sk\u00e2n politikas\u0131 sonras\u0131nda fethedilen yerlerin T\u00fcrkle\u015ftirilmi\u015f olmas\u0131,<\/p>\n<p>c) T\u0131mar sistemi sayesinde b\u00f6lgede refah seviyesinin y\u00fcksek olmas\u0131,<\/p>\n<p>d) Ni\u011fbolu zaferiyle Balkan devletlerinin cesaretinin k\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f olmas\u0131,<\/p>\n<p>e) Y\u00fczy\u0131l sava\u015flar\u0131ndan dolay\u0131 Avrupa\u2019da kar\u0131\u015f\u0131kl\u0131klar\u0131n s\u00fcr\u00fcyor olmas\u0131.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ol start=\"27\">\n<li><b>Fetret Devri nedir?<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>Osmanl\u0131 Tarihi\u2019nde Ankara Sava\u015f\u0131\u2019ndan sonra Y\u0131ld\u0131r\u0131m\u2019\u0131n o\u011fullar\u0131 aras\u0131nda on \u00fc\u00e7 y\u0131l (1402-1413) s\u00fcren taht kavgalar\u0131 d\u00f6nemine Fetret Devri denir.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ol start=\"28\">\n<li><b>Fetret Devrinde \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 m\u00fccadele eden Y\u0131ld\u0131r\u0131m\u2019\u0131n o\u011fullar\u0131 hangisidir?<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>S\u00fcleyman \u00c7elebi, \u0130sa \u00c7elebi, Mehmet \u00c7elebi ve Musa \u00c7elebi<\/p>\n<ol start=\"29\">\n<li><b>Fetret Devrinde \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Y\u0131ld\u0131r\u0131m\u2019\u0131n o\u011fullar\u0131 aras\u0131nda taht kavgalar\u0131n\u0131n \u00e7\u0131kmas\u0131na etki eden \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 anlay\u0131\u015f nedir?<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>\u201cDevlet hanedan \u00fcyelerinin ortak mal\u0131d\u0131r\u201d anlay\u0131\u015f\u0131.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ol start=\"30\">\n<li><b>Osmanl\u0131 Devleti ile \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Venedik aras\u0131ndaki ilk deniz sava\u015f\u0131 hangi h\u00fck\u00fcmdar d\u00f6neminde yap\u0131ld\u0131?<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>I.(\u00c7elebi) Mehmet<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ol start=\"31\">\n<li><b>Anadolu\u2019da ortaya \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00e7\u0131kan din karakterli ilk isyan hangisidir?<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>\u015eeyh Bedreddin \u0130syan\u0131<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ol start=\"32\">\n<li><b>\u015eeyh Bedreddin \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u0130syan\u0131\u2019n\u0131n en \u00f6nemli \u00f6zelli\u011fi nedir?<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>Anadolu\u2019da ortaya \u00e7\u0131kan dini karakterli ilk isyan olmas\u0131.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ol start=\"33\">\n<li><b>II. Murat d\u00f6nemi i\u00e7 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 isyanlar hangileridir <\/b><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>Mustafa \u00c7elebi \u0130syan\u0131 ve \u015eehzade Mustafa \u0130syan\u0131<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ol start=\"34\">\n<li><b>Edirne-Segedin \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Antla\u015fmas\u0131 kimler aras\u0131nda, ne zaman imzaland\u0131?<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>Osmanl\u0131 Devleti ile Macaristan aras\u0131nda 1444\u2019te imzaland\u0131.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ol start=\"35\">\n<li><b>II. Murat\u2019\u0131n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Edirne-Segedin Antla\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131 imzalama nedenleri nelerdir?<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>a) Macarlar kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda Balkanlarda \u00fcst \u00fcste al\u0131nan yenilgiler \u00fczerine b\u00f6lgedeki Osmanl\u0131 h\u00e2kimiyetinin tehlikeye d\u00fc\u015fmesi,<\/p>\n<p>b) Balkanlarda al\u0131nan yenilgiler \u00fczerine Arnavutluk Beyi \u0130skender Bey\u2019in ayaklanmas\u0131,<\/p>\n<p>c) Karamano\u011fullar\u0131n\u0131n Osmanl\u0131 topraklar\u0131na sald\u0131rmas\u0131.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ol start=\"36\">\n<li><b>Edirne-Segedin \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Antla\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131n maddeleri nelerdir?<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>a) S\u0131rbistan ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z olacak, fakat Osmanl\u0131ya vergi verecek,<\/p>\n<p>b) Eflak Macaristan denetimine b\u0131rak\u0131lacak, Osmanl\u0131ya vergi vermeye devam edecek,<\/p>\n<p>c) Bulgaristan Osmanl\u0131 egemenli\u011fi alt\u0131nda kalacak,<\/p>\n<p>d) Tuna nehri taraflar aras\u0131nda s\u0131n\u0131r olacak,<\/p>\n<p>e) Osmanl\u0131 ile Macaristan on y\u0131l sava\u015fmayacakt\u0131.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ol start=\"37\">\n<li><b>Edirne-Segedin \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Antla\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131n sonu\u00e7lar\u0131 nelerdir?<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>a) Osmanl\u0131n\u0131n ba\u015fta Macaristan olmak \u00fczere Balkan devletleriyle yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 ilk resmi antla\u015fmayla Balkanlarda zaman kazand\u0131rarak, yeniden toparlanmas\u0131na f\u0131rsat sa\u011flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r,<\/p>\n<p>b) Eflak tampon bir b\u00f6lge haline getirilerek, Macarlardan gelecek tehlike k\u0131smen \u00f6nlenmi\u015ftir,<\/p>\n<p>c) \u0130lk kez Balkanlarda s\u0131n\u0131r kavram\u0131 kullan\u0131larak, Tuna nehri s\u0131n\u0131r \u00e7izilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ol start=\"38\">\n<li><b>II. Murat\u2019\u0131n 1444\u2019te \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 taht terk etmesinin nedenleri nelerdir?<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>a) II. Murat\u2019\u0131n arka arkaya al\u0131nan yenilgiler sonras\u0131nda devlet adamlar\u0131, askerler ve halk \u00fczerindeki g\u00fcvenini kaybetmesi<\/p>\n<p>b) Uzun s\u00fcren sava\u015flarda yorgun d\u00fc\u015fmesi,<\/p>\n<p>c) O\u011flu Alaeddin\u2019in \u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcnden duydu\u011fu \u00fcz\u00fcnt\u00fc,<\/p>\n<p>d) Edirne- Segedin antla\u015fmans\u0131n bat\u0131da sa\u011flad\u0131\u011f\u0131 bar\u0131\u015f ve g\u00fcven ortam\u0131.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ol start=\"39\">\n<li><b>Varna Sava\u015f\u0131n\u0131n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 sonu\u00e7lar\u0131 nedir?<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>a) Osmanl\u0131n\u0131n Balkanlardaki H\u00e2kimiyeti kesinle\u015fti, Balkanlara yerle\u015fme s\u00fcreci h\u0131zland\u0131.<\/p>\n<p>b) Balkanlarda \u00f6nce u\u011fran\u0131lan yenilgilerin izleri silindi.<\/p>\n<p>c) Bulgaristan do\u011frudan Osmanl\u0131 egemenli\u011fine al\u0131nd\u0131.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ol start=\"40\">\n<li><b>II. Kosova Sava\u015f\u0131n\u0131n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 sonu\u00e7lar\u0131 nelerdir?<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>a) Eflak yeniden Osmanl\u0131lara tabi oldu.<\/p>\n<p>b) \u0130stanbul\u2019un fethinden \u00f6nceki son b\u00fcy\u00fck zafer kazan\u0131larak, \u0130stanbul\u2019un fethine zemin haz\u0131rland\u0131.<\/p>\n<p>c) Tuna nehrinin g\u00fcneyinde Osmanl\u0131 h\u00e2kimiyeti kesinle\u015fti.<\/p>\n<p>d) Bizans\u2019\u0131n Avrupa\u2019dan yard\u0131m alma \u00fcmidi s\u00f6nd\u00fc. Ha\u00e7l\u0131lar\u0131n \u0130stanbul\u2019u kurtarmak \u00fczere d\u00fczenledikleri son sefer oldu.<\/p>\n<p>e) Avrupa Osmanl\u0131ya kar\u015f\u0131 savunma durumuna ge\u00e7ti, T\u00fcrkler Balkanlarda taarruza ge\u00e7ti.<\/p>\n<p>f) Osmanl\u0131n\u0131n \u0130slam d\u00fcnyas\u0131ndaki sayg\u0131nl\u0131\u011f\u0131 artt\u0131.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ol start=\"41\">\n<li><b>\u0130stanbul\u2019un fethine \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 etki eden fakt\u00f6rler nelerdir? Genel olarak <\/b><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>a) Dini fakt\u00f6rler<\/p>\n<p>b) Siyasi fakt\u00f6rler<\/p>\n<p>c) ekonomik fakt\u00f6rler<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ol start=\"42\">\n<li><b>\u0130stanbul\u2019un fethine \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 etki eden dini fakt\u00f6rler nelerdir?<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>a) Hz. Peygamberin \u015fehrin m\u00fcjdesini y\u00fczy\u0131llar \u00f6ncesinde vermesi<\/p>\n<p>b) \u0130stanbul\u2019un H\u0131ristiyanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n do\u011fudaki son b\u00fcy\u00fck kalesi olmas\u0131<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ol start=\"43\">\n<li><b>\u0130stanbul\u2019un fethine \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 etki eden siyasi fakt\u00f6rler nelerdir?<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<ol start=\"1\">\n<li>\u0130stanbul\u2019un jeopolitik \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 konumunun \u00f6nemi<\/li>\n<li>Osmanl\u0131 toprak \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 b\u00fct\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fcn sa\u011flanmak istenmesi,<\/li>\n<li>Bizans\u2019\u0131n ha\u00e7l\u0131lar\u0131 ve \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Anadolu beyliklerini Osmanl\u0131ya kar\u015f\u0131 k\u0131\u015fk\u0131rtmas\u0131,<\/li>\n<li>Bizans\u2019\u0131n saltanat \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 iddias\u0131na bulunan \u015fehzadeleri destekleyerek Osmanl\u0131da i\u00e7 kar\u0131\u015f\u0131kl\u0131k \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00e7\u0131karmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131,<\/li>\n<li>Bizans\u2019\u0131n Osmanl\u0131 ordusunun \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Anadolu\u2019dan Rumeli\u2019ye, Rumeli\u2019den Anadolu\u2019ya ge\u00e7i\u015fini zorla\u015ft\u0131rmas\u0131,<\/li>\n<li>\u0130stanbul\u2019un al\u0131nmas\u0131yla, \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Avrupa\u2019n\u0131n T\u00fcrkleri Balkanlardan atma \u00fcmidinin sona erece\u011fi d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncesi,<\/li>\n<li>Anadolu, Marmara ve \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Rumeli\u2019nin g\u00fcvenli\u011fini sa\u011flama iste\u011fi.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ol start=\"44\">\n<li><b>\u0130stanbul\u2019un fethine etki \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 eden ekonomik fakt\u00f6rler nelerdir?<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>\u0130stanbul\u2019un \u00f6nemli bir ticaret merkezi olmas\u0131.<\/p>\n<p>Kara ve deniz ticaret yollar\u0131n\u0131n, \u00f6zellikle \u0130pek yolunun \u0130stanbul\u2019dan ge\u00e7mesi.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ol start=\"45\">\n<li><b>Fatih \u0130stanbul \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 ku\u015fatmas\u0131 haz\u0131rl\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 yaparken \u0130stanbul\u2019a Avrupa\u2019dan yard\u0131m \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 g\u00f6nderilmesini engellemek amac\u0131yla hangi tedbirleri ald\u0131?<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>a) Bizans\u2019a Karadeniz \u00fczerinden deniz yoluyla gelebilecek yard\u0131mlar\u0131 \u00f6nlemek i\u00e7in Anadolu Hisar\u0131n\u0131n kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131na Rumeli (Bo\u011fazkesen) Hisar\u0131 yap\u0131ld\u0131.<\/p>\n<p>b) Avrupa\u2019dan gelebilecek sald\u0131r\u0131lara kar\u015f\u0131 Mora ve Balkanlara kuvvet g\u00f6nderildi.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ol start=\"46\">\n<li><b>\u0130stanbul\u2019un fethinin \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 T\u00fcrk d\u00fcnyas\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan sonu\u00e7lar\u0131 nelerdir?<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>a) II. Mehmet Fatih unvan\u0131n\u0131 ald\u0131,<\/p>\n<p>b) Askeri, idari, siyasi ve ekonomik a\u00e7\u0131dan stratejik bir yap\u0131da olan \u0130stanbul ba\u015fkent yap\u0131ld\u0131,<\/p>\n<p>c) Osmanl\u0131 Devletinin Rumeli\u2019deki ve Anadolu\u2019daki topraklar\u0131 aras\u0131nda b\u00fct\u00fcnl\u00fck sa\u011fland\u0131,<\/p>\n<p>d) Osmanl\u0131 devletinin Rumeli\u2019deki ve Anadolu\u2019daki topraklar\u0131 aras\u0131nda b\u00fct\u00fcnl\u00fck sa\u011fland\u0131,<\/p>\n<p>e) Karadeniz ve Akdeniz aras\u0131ndaki ticaret yolunun denetimi sa\u011fland\u0131,<\/p>\n<p>f) Osmanl\u0131 Devletinin Kurulu\u015f Devri sona ererek Y\u00fckselme Devri ba\u015flad\u0131,<\/p>\n<p>g) Osmanl\u0131n\u0131n \u0130slam d\u00fcnyas\u0131ndaki sayg\u0131nl\u0131\u011f\u0131 artt\u0131.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ol start=\"47\">\n<li><b>Osmanl\u0131 Devleti \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 topraklar\u0131 aras\u0131ndaki b\u00fct\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc ilk kez hangi olayla ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirdi?<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>\u0130stanbul\u2019un fethi ile ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirdi.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ol start=\"48\">\n<li><b>Fatih Bizans\u2019\u0131n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 yeniden diriltilmesi \u00fcmitlerini s\u00f6nd\u00fcrmek amac\u0131yla hangi \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirdi? <\/b><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>a) Ha\u00e7l\u0131 d\u00fcnyas\u0131n\u0131n birle\u015fmesini engellemek amac\u0131yla Venedik\u2019le anla\u015ft\u0131. B\u00f6ylece Venedik bu birlikten kopar\u0131lm\u0131\u015f oldu.<\/p>\n<p>b) Ortodoks kilisesi himaye edilerek H\u0131ristiyan d\u00fcnyas\u0131n\u0131n birle\u015fmesi engellendi.<\/p>\n<p>c) Bizans\u2019\u0131n miras\u0131na sahip \u00e7\u0131kma ihtimali bulunan Mora Despotlu\u011fu ve Trabzon Rum \u0130mparatorlu\u011fu \u00fczerine sefer d\u00fczenledi.<\/p>\n<p>d) Ha\u00e7l\u0131 birli\u011finin kurulmas\u0131n\u0131 engellemek, Balkanlarda ve denizlerde kesin denetim sa\u011flamak \u00fczere fetihlere ba\u015flad\u0131.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ol start=\"49\">\n<li><b>Fatih\u2019in Bat\u0131 Siyasetinin \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 ama\u00e7lar\u0131 nelerdir?<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>a) \u0130stanbul\u2019un fethine kar\u015f\u0131 Avrupa\u2019n\u0131n g\u00f6sterece\u011fi tepkiyi \u00f6nlemek,<\/p>\n<p>b) Hristiyan birli\u011finin olu\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6nlemek,<\/p>\n<p>c) Tuna nehrine kadar Balkanlarda kesin denetim sa\u011flamak, s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131 bat\u0131 y\u00f6n\u00fcnde geni\u015fletmek,<\/p>\n<p>d) Bat\u0131 Roma \u0130mparatorlu\u011funun da miras\u0131n\u0131 alarak, cihan h\u00e2kimiyetini ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirmek,<\/p>\n<p>e) Tuna nehrini ge\u00e7erek \u0130slamiyet\u2019i Avrupa i\u00e7lerine yaymak.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ol start=\"50\">\n<li><b>Fatih Bat\u0131 siyasetinin \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 ama\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131 ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirmek \u00fczere hangi \u00fclkeler \u00fczerine seferlere \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131?<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>S\u0131rbistan, Mora, Eflak, Bosna, Hersek, Bo\u011fdan ve Arnavutluk seferleri.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ol start=\"51\">\n<li><b>Fatih\u2019in Anadolu \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 politikas\u0131n\u0131n ama\u00e7lar\u0131 nelerdir?<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>a) Anadolu T\u00fcrk birli\u011fini kurmak ve g\u00fcvenli\u011fini sa\u011flamak,<\/p>\n<p>b) H\u0131ristiyan devletlerin varl\u0131\u011f\u0131na son vererek, Anadolu\u2019yu b\u00fct\u00fcn\u00fcyle \u0130slamla\u015ft\u0131rmak,<\/p>\n<p>c) Karadeniz ticaretini denetim alt\u0131na almak.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ol start=\"52\">\n<li><b>Otlukbeli Sava\u015f\u0131 ne \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 zaman, kimler aras\u0131nda oldu?<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>Osmanl\u0131 Devleti ile Akkoyunlu Devleti aras\u0131nda 1473\u2019te ger\u00e7ekle\u015fti.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ol start=\"53\">\n<li><b>Otlukbeli Sava\u015f\u0131n\u0131n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 sonu\u00e7lar\u0131 nelerdir?<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>a) Osmanl\u0131 Devleti do\u011fudaki en b\u00fcy\u00fck rakiplerinden birini etkisiz hale getirdi,<\/p>\n<p>b) Osmanl\u0131 s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131 Do\u011fu Anadolu\u2019ya kadar geni\u015fledi.Anadolu T\u00fcrk birli\u011finin kurulmas\u0131na zemin haz\u0131rland\u0131,<\/p>\n<p>c) Osmanl\u0131 Devleti ilk kez taarruz amac\u0131yla a\u00e7\u0131k sahada g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc toplar kulland\u0131.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ol start=\"54\">\n<li><b>Fatih\u2019in Karadeniz\u2019in \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Anadolu k\u0131y\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131 denetim alt\u0131na almak amac\u0131yla ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirdi\u011fi seferler \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 nelerdir?<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>Amasra Cenevizlilerden al\u0131nd\u0131, \u0130sfendiyaro\u011fullar\u0131 Beyli\u011fine son verildi, Trabzon seferi ile Trabzon Rum \u0130mparatorlu\u011funa son verildi.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ol start=\"55\">\n<li><b>Fatih d\u00f6neminde \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Osmanl\u0131-Memluk ili\u015fkilerinin bozulma nedenleri nelerdir?<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>a)Osmanl\u0131 Devleti\u2019ne kar\u015f\u0131 Meml\u00fbklerin Karamano\u011fullar\u0131n\u0131 korumas\u0131,<\/p>\n<p>b) Ramazan ve Dulkadiro\u011fullar\u0131 beylikleri \u00fczerinde her iki devletinde egemenlik kurmak istemesi,<\/p>\n<p>c) Hicaz su yollar\u0131 meselesi.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ol start=\"56\">\n<li><b>Fatih\u2019in Ege \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 siyasetinin ama\u00e7lar\u0131 nelerdir?<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>a) Venedik ve Ceneviz\u2019in Ege\u2019deki \u00fcst\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcne son vermek,<\/p>\n<p>b) Korsan sald\u0131r\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6nleyerek, \u00c7anakkale Bo\u011faz\u0131, Bat\u0131 Anadolu k\u0131y\u0131lar\u0131 ve ticaret gemilerinin g\u00fcvenliklerini sa\u011flamak.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ol start=\"57\">\n<li><b>Fatih d\u00f6neminde 16 y\u0131l \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 s\u00fcren Osmanl\u0131-Venedik sava\u015flar\u0131n\u0131 sona erdirmek amac\u0131yla imzalanan antla\u015fman\u0131n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 sonu\u00e7lar\u0131 nelerdir?<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>a) Venedik\u2019e kapit\u00fclasyonlara benzer baz\u0131 ticari imtiyazlar verildi ( Osmanl\u0131 Devleti\u2019nden ilk ticari imtiyazlar\u0131 alan devlet Venedik\u2019tir.)<\/p>\n<p>b) Venedik vergi vermekle Osmanl\u0131ya ba\u011fl\u0131 bir devlet konumuna geldi.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ol start=\"58\">\n<li><b>Fatih\u2019in Karadeniz \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 siyasetinin ama\u00e7lar\u0131 nelerdir?<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>a) Ceneviz\u2019in Karadeniz\u2019deki \u00fcst\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcne son vermek,<\/p>\n<p>b) K\u0131r\u0131m\u2019\u0131 alarak Karadeniz\u2019i bir T\u00fcrk g\u00f6l\u00fc haline getirmek,<\/p>\n<p>c) \u0130pek Yolu \u00fczerinde kesin denetim sa\u011flamak ve Avrupa\u2019y\u0131 ekonomik y\u00f6nden Osmanl\u0131 Devletine ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131 hale getirmek.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ol start=\"59\">\n<li><b>Osmanl\u0131 tarihinde Cem \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Sultan Olay\u0131n\u0131n perde arkas\u0131nda ki nedeni nedir?<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>Bu olay g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fc\u015fte iki \u015fehzadenin saltanat m\u00fccadelesi olmaktan ziyade, ger\u00e7ekte Osmanl\u0131 Devlet y\u00f6netiminde daha fazla yetki sahibi olmak isteyen dev\u015firme k\u00f6kenli devlet adamlar\u0131 ile T\u00fcrk k\u00f6kenli devlet adamlar\u0131 aras\u0131ndaki y\u00f6netimde daha fazla g\u00fc\u00e7 sahibi olma m\u00fccadelesidir.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ol start=\"60\">\n<li><b>Cem Sultan olay\u0131n\u0131n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 sonu\u00e7lar\u0131 nelerdir?<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>a) Cem Sultan olay\u0131 Osmanl\u0131n\u0131n bir i\u00e7 sorunu olmas\u0131na ra\u011fmen, Cem Avrupa\u2019ya s\u0131\u011f\u0131nmas\u0131yla bir d\u0131\u015f sorun haline geldi,<\/p>\n<p>b) Dev\u015firme k\u00f6kenli devlet adamlar\u0131yla T\u00fcrk k\u00f6kenliler aras\u0131nda y\u00f6netimde daha fazla g\u00fc\u00e7 sahibi olma m\u00fccadelesi iyice yo\u011funla\u015ft\u0131,<\/p>\n<p>c) Osmanl\u0131-Memluk ili\u015fkileri daha da bozuldu,<\/p>\n<p>d) Balkanlarda fetih hareketleri yava\u015flad\u0131,<\/p>\n<p>e) \u0130talya\u2019n\u0131n fethinden vazge\u00e7ildi<\/p>\n<p>f) Avrupal\u0131lara \u00f6denen bak\u0131m masraflar\u0131ndan dolay\u0131 devletin ekonomik y\u00fck\u00fc artt\u0131,<\/p>\n<p>g) Karamano\u011fullar\u0131 yine sorun oldu,<\/p>\n<p>h) \u0130spanya\u2019daki M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlara yeterince yard\u0131m yap\u0131lamad\u0131.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ol start=\"61\">\n<li><b>II. Bayezit d\u00f6neminin \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 s\u00f6n\u00fck ge\u00e7mesinin nedenleri nelerdir?<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>a) Avrupal\u0131lar\u0131n Cem Sultan\u2019\u0131 Osmanl\u0131lara kar\u015f\u0131 koz olarak kullanmalar\u0131,<\/p>\n<p>b) II. Bayezit\u2019in sava\u015ftan ho\u015flanmayan yap\u0131s\u0131,<\/p>\n<p>c) Sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131nda o\u011fullar\u0131 aras\u0131nda ba\u015flayan taht kavgalar\u0131.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ol start=\"62\">\n<li><b>II. Bayezit d\u00f6nemi \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Osmanl\u0131-Memluk ili\u015fkilerinin bozulma nedenleri nelerdir?<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>a) Hicaz su yollar\u0131 meselesi,<\/p>\n<p>b) Memluklar\u0131n Ramazan ve Dulkadiro\u011fullar\u0131 beyliklerinin i\u00e7 i\u015flerine kar\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131,<\/p>\n<p>c) Karaman beylerini ve Cem Sultan\u0131 himaye etmeleri,<\/p>\n<p>d) Hicaz\u2019a giden T\u00fcrk hac\u0131lardan vergi almalar\u0131.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ol start=\"63\">\n<li><b>\u015eah \u0130smail\u2019in Do\u011fu \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Anadolu\u2019da ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirdi\u011fi \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n amac\u0131 nedir?<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>Adamlar\u0131 vas\u0131tas\u0131yla fikirlerini yayarak taraftar toplamak ve Osmanl\u0131 topraklar\u0131n\u0131 ele ge\u00e7irmekti.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ol start=\"64\">\n<li><b>Yavuz Sultan Selim\u2019in \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 hedefi nedir?<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>T\u00fcrk ve \u0130slam d\u00fcnyas\u0131n\u0131 Osmanl\u0131 y\u00f6netimi alt\u0131nda toplamakt\u0131.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ol start=\"65\">\n<li><b>Yavuz Sultan Selim\u2019in \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Do\u011fu Siyasetinin ama\u00e7lar\u0131 nelerdir?<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>a) Do\u011fuda bulunan Safevileri ortadan kald\u0131r\u0131p, T\u00fcrkistan\u2019a ula\u015fmak ve \u0130pek Yolu \u00fczerinde tam bir denetim sa\u011flamak,<\/p>\n<p>b) M\u0131s\u0131r Seferi ile Memluk Devletini ortadan kald\u0131rmak, \u0130slam d\u00fcnyas\u0131n\u0131n b\u00fcy\u00fck bir b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcne hakim olmak ve K\u0131z\u0131ldeniz \u00fczerinden gelen Baharat Yolunu da kontrol alt\u0131n\u0131 almak.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ol start=\"66\">\n<li><b>Yavuz Sultan Selim \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Do\u011fu Siyaseti ile hangi sonu\u00e7lara ula\u015fmak istiyordu?<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>a) T\u00fcrk-\u0130slam d\u00fcnyas\u0131n\u0131 Osmanl\u0131 idaresi alt\u0131nda toplamak, devleti siyasi a\u00e7\u0131dan g\u00fc\u00e7lendirmek,<\/p>\n<p>b) Ticaret yollar\u0131 \u00fczerinde tam bir denetim sa\u011flayarak Avrupa kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda Osmanl\u0131n\u0131n ekonomik \u00fcst\u00fcnl\u00fck kurmas\u0131n\u0131 ve Avrupa\u2019y\u0131 ekonomik a\u00e7\u0131dan Osmanl\u0131 Devletine ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131 hale getirmek.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ol start=\"67\">\n<li><b>Yavuz d\u00f6nemi \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Osmanl\u0131-\u0130ran ili\u015fkilerinin bozulma nedenleri nelerdir?<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>a) Taraflar\u0131n Anadolu\u2019da \u00fcst\u00fcnl\u00fck kurma m\u00fccadelesi,<\/p>\n<p>b) \u015eah \u0130smail\u2019in Anadolu\u2019da \u015eiilik propagandas\u0131 yapmas\u0131,<\/p>\n<p>c) Eski beyleri k\u0131\u015fk\u0131rtmas\u0131 ve Akkoyunlu miras\u0131na sahip \u00e7\u0131kmak istemesi,<\/p>\n<p>d) Kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131kl\u0131 olarak hakaret i\u00e7eren mektuplar\u0131n yaz\u0131lmas\u0131.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ol start=\"68\">\n<li><b>Yavuz devri \u0130ran \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 seferinin sonu\u00e7lar\u0131 nelerdir?<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>a) Tebriz\u2019e kadar Do\u011fu Anadolu Osmanl\u0131 H\u00e2kimiyeti alt\u0131na girdi. Tebriz &#8211; Bursa ticaret yolu denetim alt\u0131na girdi,<\/p>\n<p>b) \u015eii sorunu bir s\u00fcre i\u00e7in \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcmlendi. Fakat \u015eah \u0130smail sava\u015fmaktan \u00e7ekindi\u011fi i\u00e7in, Safevi Devleti y\u0131k\u0131lamad\u0131.<\/p>\n<p>c) \u0130ran hazinesi ve \u0130ranl\u0131 bilginler \u0130stanbul\u2019a getirildi, Osmanl\u0131 k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fc \u0130ran etkisi alt\u0131na girdi.<\/p>\n<p>d) D\u00f6n\u00fc\u015fte Dulkadir Beyli\u011fi al\u0131narak Anadolu\u2019nun siyasi birli\u011fi sa\u011fland\u0131.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ol start=\"69\">\n<li><b>Yavuz\u2019un M\u0131s\u0131r Seferi \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 ile ula\u015fmak istedi\u011fi hedefler nelerdir?<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>a) Suriye, Hicaz ve M\u0131s\u0131r\u2019\u0131 alarak T\u00fcrk-\u0130slam birli\u011fini kurmak,<\/p>\n<p>b) M\u0131s\u0131r\u2019\u0131n ekonomik kaynaklar\u0131ndan yararlanmak, Hindistan deniz ticaretini ve Baharat Yolunu denetim alt\u0131na almak. B\u00f6ylece Avrupa\u2019y\u0131 ekonomik a\u00e7\u0131dan Osmanl\u0131ya ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131 hale getirmek.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ol start=\"70\">\n<li><b>Yavuz M\u0131s\u0131r seferi \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 sonras\u0131nda nereleri ele ge\u00e7irdi?<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>Suriye, Filistin, Hicaz ve M\u0131s\u0131r<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ol start=\"71\">\n<li><b>Yavuz devri M\u0131s\u0131r \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 seferinin dini sonu\u00e7lar\u0131 nelerdir?<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>a) Hicaz (Mekke ve Medine) b\u00f6lgesinin korunmas\u0131 g\u00f6revi Osmanl\u0131 Devletine ge\u00e7ti.<\/p>\n<p>b) Mukaddes emanetler \u0130stanbul\u2019a getirildi.<\/p>\n<p>c) Halifelik Osmanl\u0131ya ge\u00e7ti, Osmanl\u0131 Devleti d\u00fcnyan\u0131n en b\u00fcy\u00fck siyasi ve dini kurulu\u015fu haline geldi<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ol start=\"72\">\n<li><b>Kanuni devri i\u00e7 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 isyanlar hangileridir? <\/b><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>a) Baba Z\u00fcnnun<\/p>\n<p>b) Kalendero\u011flu<\/p>\n<p>c) Canberdi Gazali<\/p>\n<p>d) Ahmet Pa\u015fa<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ol start=\"73\">\n<li><b>Macaristan hangi sava\u015f \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 sonras\u0131nda Osmanl\u0131 h\u00e2kimiyeti alt\u0131na girdi?<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>Moha\u00e7 Meydan Sava\u015f\u0131<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ol start=\"74\">\n<li><b>Moha\u00e7 Meydan Sava\u015f\u0131n\u0131n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 sonu\u00e7lar\u0131 nelerdir?<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>a) Macaristan Osmanl\u0131 H\u00e2kimiyeti alt\u0131na al\u0131narak tampon bir devlet haline getirildi<\/p>\n<p>b) Osmanl\u0131\u2019n\u0131n Orta Avrupa\u2019daki H\u00e2kimiyeti geli\u015fti<\/p>\n<p>c) Osmanl\u0131-Avusturya m\u00fccadelesi ba\u015flad\u0131<\/p>\n<p>d) Fransa \u015earlken\u2019in bask\u0131s\u0131ndan kurtularak, I. Fransuva Madrid antla\u015fmas\u0131yla serbest b\u0131rak\u0131ld\u0131<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ol start=\"75\">\n<li><b>Osmanl\u0131n\u0131n Avusturya \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00fczerinde \u00fcst\u00fcnl\u00fck kurdu\u011fu antla\u015fma hangisidir?<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>\u0130stanbul Antla\u015fmas\u0131<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ol start=\"76\">\n<li><b>Osmanl\u0131 Devleti ile \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Avusturya aras\u0131nda imzalanan \u0130stanbul Antla\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131n sonu\u00e7lar\u0131 nelerdir?<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>a) Macaristan ikiye ayr\u0131ld\u0131<\/p>\n<p>b) Avusturya Osmanl\u0131 \u00fcst\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc kabul etti<\/p>\n<p>c) Osmanl\u0131, Avusturya \u00fczerinde yapt\u0131r\u0131m g\u00fcc\u00fcne sahip oldu<\/p>\n<p>d) Osmanl\u0131\u2019n\u0131n Avrupa\u2019n\u0131n en g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc devleti oldu\u011fu kabul edildi<\/p>\n<p>e) Almanya\u2019n\u0131n Avrupa \u00fczerindeki \u00fcst\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcne son verildi.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ol start=\"77\">\n<li><b>1535\u2019te Kanuni \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 taraf\u0131ndan Fransa\u2019ya verilen kapit\u00fclasyonlar\u0131n amac\u0131 nedir?<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>a) Avrupa H\u0131ristiyan birli\u011fini bozmak, Avrupa siyasetinde etkinlik kazanmak<\/p>\n<p>b) Almanya\u2019ya kar\u015f\u0131 Fransa\u2019n\u0131n deste\u011fini kazanmak<\/p>\n<p>c) Akdeniz ticaretini canland\u0131rmak, g\u00fcmr\u00fck gelirlerini art\u0131rmak<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ol start=\"78\">\n<li><b>Osmanl\u0131 Devleti ile \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u0130ran aras\u0131nda imzalanan ilk resmi antla\u015fma hangisidir?<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>Amasya Antla\u015fmas\u0131<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ol start=\"79\">\n<li><b>1555 Amasya \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Antla\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131n sonu\u00e7 ve \u00f6nemi nedir?<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>a) \u0130ran\u2019la \u0130mzalanan ilk resmi antla\u015fmad\u0131r<\/p>\n<p>b) \u0130ran sorunu antla\u015fmayla bir s\u00fcre i\u00e7in \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcmlendi<\/p>\n<p>c) Ba\u011fdat al\u0131narak Basra K\u00f6rfezine ula\u015f\u0131ld\u0131. B\u00f6ylece Hint Okyanusu ile ba\u011flant\u0131 kuruldu.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ol start=\"80\">\n<li><b>Kanuni devrinde \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilen Hint Deniz Seferlerinin ama\u00e7lar\u0131 nelerdir?<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>a) Baharat Yolunun Akdeniz \u00fczerinden i\u015flemesini sa\u011flamak<\/p>\n<p>b) K\u0131z\u0131ldeniz ticaret yoluna hakim olarak, Hint ticaret yolu \u00fczerinde etkinlik kazanmak<\/p>\n<p>c) Hac yolunun g\u00fcvenli\u011fini sa\u011flamak<\/p>\n<p>d) M\u00fcsl\u00fcman t\u00fcccarlara verilen zarar\u0131 \u00f6nlemek<\/p>\n<p>e) B\u00f6lgedeki M\u00fcsl\u00fcman devletlere yard\u0131m etmek<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ol start=\"81\">\n<li><b>Kanuni devri Hint \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Deniz Seferlerini ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftiren kaptanlar hangileridir? <\/b><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>Had\u0131m S\u00fcleyman Pa\u015fa, Piri Reis, Murat Reis ve Seydi Ali Reis<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ol start=\"82\">\n<li><b>Kanuni devri Hint \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Deniz Seferlerinde ya\u015fanan ba\u015far\u0131s\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131n nedenleri nelerdir?<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>a) Hint Deniz Seferlerinin ekonomik de\u011ferinin yeterince anla\u015f\u0131lmamas\u0131, bat\u0131 seferlerinin daha karl\u0131 oldu\u011funun d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fclmesi<\/p>\n<p>b) Osmanl\u0131 donanmas\u0131n\u0131n okyanus \u015fartlar\u0131na uygun olmamas\u0131<\/p>\n<p>c) Portekiz donanmas\u0131n\u0131n daha g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc olmas\u0131<\/p>\n<p>d) B\u00f6lgedeki M\u00fcsl\u00fcman devletlerin gereken deste\u011fi vermemesi<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ol start=\"83\">\n<li><b>Kanuni devri Hint \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Deniz Seferlerinin sonu\u00e7lar\u0131 nelerdir<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>a) Baharat Yolu ve Hint ticareti elden \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131<\/p>\n<p>b) Asya ticareti \u00dcmit Burnuna kayd\u0131. Akdeniz limanlar\u0131 \u00f6nemini kaybetti<\/p>\n<p>c) Arap yar\u0131madas\u0131 ve K\u0131z\u0131ldeniz denetim alt\u0131na al\u0131nd\u0131<\/p>\n<p>d) Sudan sahilleri, Habe\u015fistan\u2019\u0131n baz\u0131 k\u0131s\u0131mlar\u0131, Yemen, Umman ve Eritre Osmanl\u0131 n\u00fcfuzu alt\u0131na girdi.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ol start=\"84\">\n<li><b>1571 K\u0131br\u0131s seferinin \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 nedenleri nelerdir?<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>a) K\u0131br\u0131s\u2019\u0131n jeopolitik konumundan yararlanmak,<\/p>\n<p>b) Do\u011fu Akdeniz\u2019de kesin egemenlik kurma,<\/p>\n<p>c) Anadolu, M\u0131s\u0131r ve Suriye aras\u0131ndaki deniz yolu ticaretinin g\u00fcvenli\u011fini sa\u011flamak,<\/p>\n<p>d) Anadolu\u2019nun g\u00fcney k\u0131y\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n g\u00fcvenli\u011fini sa\u011flamak,<\/p>\n<p>e) Venedik\u2019in korsanl\u0131k faaliyetlerine son vermek<\/p>\n<p>f) Adan\u0131n iktisadi imkanlar\u0131ndan yararlanmak<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ol start=\"85\">\n<li><b>K\u0131br\u0131s\u2019\u0131n fethinin \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 sonu\u00e7lar\u0131 nelerdir?<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>a) Do\u011fu Akdeniz de kesin egemenlik kuruldu.<\/p>\n<p>b) M\u0131s\u0131r deniz yolunun g\u00fcvenli\u011fi sa\u011fland\u0131,<\/p>\n<p>c) Osmanl\u0131n\u0131n Akdeniz deki \u00fcst\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc peki\u015fti<\/p>\n<p>d) \u0130nebaht\u0131 Sava\u015f\u0131na zemin haz\u0131rland\u0131.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ol start=\"86\">\n<li><b>Sokullu d\u00f6nemi kanal \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 projeleri hangileridir?<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>Don-Volga Kanal Projesi, S\u00fcvey\u015f Kanal Projesi ve Marmara-Karadeniz Kanal\u0131 Projesi<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ol start=\"87\">\n<li><b>Don-Volga kanal \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 projesinin ama\u00e7lar\u0131 nelerdir?<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>a) K\u0131r\u0131m\u2019\u0131n g\u00fcvenli\u011fini sa\u011flamak<\/p>\n<p>b) Rusya\u2019n\u0131n Karadeniz\u2019e inmesini \u00f6nlemek<\/p>\n<p>c) Kazan ve Astarhan\u2019\u0131 Rusya\u2019dan almak<\/p>\n<p>d) Ruslar\u0131 Hazar k\u0131y\u0131lar\u0131ndan \u00e7\u0131karmak<\/p>\n<p>e) \u0130ran sava\u015flar\u0131nda donanmadan yararlanmak<\/p>\n<p>f) T\u00fcrkistan hanl\u0131klar\u0131yla ili\u015fkileri geli\u015ftirmek,<\/p>\n<p>g) \u0130ran engelini a\u015farak do\u011frudan Kafkas\u2019lara hakim olmak.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ol start=\"88\">\n<li><b>S\u00fcvey\u015f kanal \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 projesinin ama\u00e7lar\u0131 nelerdir?<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>a) \u00dcmit Burnunun ke\u015ffiyle de\u011fi\u015fen Baharat Yolunu tekrar kontrol alt\u0131na almak<\/p>\n<p>b) G\u00fcney Asya\u2019daki M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar \u00fczerendeki Avrupa bask\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 ortadan kald\u0131rmak<\/p>\n<p>c) Basra ve K\u0131z\u0131ldeniz g\u00fcvenli\u011fi i\u00e7in Akdeniz donanmas\u0131ndan faydalan\u0131lmak istenmesi<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ol start=\"89\">\n<li><b>Osmanl\u0131 Devletinin \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 do\u011fuda en geni\u015f s\u0131n\u0131rlara ula\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 antla\u015fma hangisidir?<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>Ferhat Pa\u015fa Antla\u015fmas\u0131.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ol start=\"90\">\n<li><b>Avrupa\u2019da barut ve \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 topun birlikte kullan\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131n sonu\u00e7lar\u0131 nelerdir?<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>a) \u0130stanbul ku\u015fatmas\u0131nda kullan\u0131lan b\u00fcy\u00fck toplar feodalitenin \u00e7\u00f6k\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnde etkili oldu.<\/p>\n<p>b) Feodalite rejimi y\u0131k\u0131larak yerine merkezi krall\u0131klar kuruldu.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ol start=\"91\">\n<li><b>Avrupa\u2019da k\u00e2\u011f\u0131t ve \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 matbaan\u0131n birlikte kullan\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131n sonu\u00e7lar\u0131 nelerdir?<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>Ka\u011f\u0131t ve matbaan\u0131n birlikte kullan\u0131lmas\u0131yla; Avrupa\u2019da elle yaz\u0131lan kitaplar bas\u0131l\u0131p \u00e7o\u011falt\u0131ld\u0131. Buna ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak bilim ve d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnce hayat\u0131 (R\u00f6nesans, H\u00fcmanizm, Reform) geli\u015fti.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ol start=\"92\">\n<li><b>Co\u011frafi ke\u015fifler \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 nedir? Tan\u0131mlay\u0131n\u0131z?<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>15. ve 16. y\u00fczy\u0131llar da Avrupal\u0131lar\u0131n yeni yerler ke\u015ffetmek, yeni ticaret yollar\u0131 bulmak amac\u0131yla ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirdikleri deniz a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 yolculuklara denir.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ol start=\"93\">\n<li><b>Co\u011frafi ke\u015fiflerin \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 nedenleri nelerdir?<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>a) \u0130pek ve Baharat yollar\u0131n\u0131n T\u00fcrklerin ve M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar\u0131n eline ge\u00e7mesi ile Avrupal\u0131lar\u0131n \u00c7in ve Hindistan\u2019a do\u011frudan ula\u015fma iste\u011fi.<\/p>\n<p>b) Avrupal\u0131lar\u0131n do\u011fu \u00fclkelerinin zenginliklerini elde etme iste\u011fi.<\/p>\n<p>c) Matbaan\u0131n etkisiyle co\u011frafya bilgisinde meydana gelen ilerlemeler.<\/p>\n<p>d) Pusulan\u0131n geli\u015ftirilerek Avrupal\u0131lar taraf\u0131ndan kullan\u0131lmas\u0131.<\/p>\n<p>e) Avrupal\u0131lar\u0131n d\u00fcnyay\u0131 tan\u0131ma ve H\u0131ristiyanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 yayma istekleri.<\/p>\n<p>f) Gemicilik alan\u0131ndaki ilerlemeler ve cesur gemicilerin yeti\u015fmesi.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ol start=\"94\">\n<li><b>Co\u011frafi ke\u015fiflerin \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Osmanl\u0131 Devletine etkileri nelerdir?<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>a) Co\u011frafi ke\u015fifler sonras\u0131nda \u00dcmit Burnunun bulunmas\u0131yla Akdeniz havzas\u0131 \u00f6nemini kaybetti. Baharat ticareti Avrupal\u0131lar\u0131n eline ge\u00e7ti. B\u00f6ylece Osmanl\u0131 Devleti g\u00fcmr\u00fck gelirlerinden mahrum kald\u0131.<\/p>\n<p>b) Ke\u015ffedilen topraklardan Avrupa\u2019ya ta\u015f\u0131nan de\u011ferli madenlerin Osmanl\u0131 \u00fclkesine ka\u00e7ak yollarla girmesi, ak\u00e7enin de\u011fer kaybetmesine ve h\u0131zl\u0131 fiyat art\u0131\u015flar\u0131na neden oldu.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ol start=\"95\">\n<li><b>R\u00f6nesans nedir? \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Tan\u0131mlay\u0131n\u0131z?<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>Avrupa\u2019da 15. ve 16. Y\u00fczy\u0131llarda \u00f6nce \u0130talya\u2019da ba\u015flayan daha sonrada di\u011fer Avrupa \u00fclkelerine yay\u0131lan edebiyat, sanat, d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnce ve bilim alan\u0131ndaki b\u00fcy\u00fck yenilik, geli\u015fme ve anlay\u0131\u015flara denir.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ol start=\"96\">\n<li><b>R\u00f6nesans\u2019\u0131n nedenleri \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 nelerdir?<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>a) Avrupa\u2019n\u0131n End\u00fcl\u00fcs Emevi Devleti ve Sicilya arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131yla \u0130slam medeniyetini tan\u0131mas\u0131.<\/p>\n<p>b) Ha\u00e7l\u0131 Seferleri ile do\u011fu uygarl\u0131\u011f\u0131ndaki bilim ve teknolojik geli\u015fmelerin bat\u0131ya ta\u015f\u0131nmas\u0131<\/p>\n<p>c) Matbaan\u0131n geni\u015f kullan\u0131m alan\u0131na girmesiyle yeni bulu\u015f ve d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncelerin yay\u0131lmas\u0131<\/p>\n<p>d) Co\u011frafi Ke\u015fifler sonras\u0131nda d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnce ve sanat eserlerine de\u011fer veren Mesen s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131n\u0131n ortaya \u00e7\u0131kmas\u0131<\/p>\n<p>e) Avrupa\u2019da \u00fcst\u00fcn yetenekli sanat\u00e7\u0131lar ile d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnce ve bilim adamlar\u0131n\u0131n yeti\u015fmesi<\/p>\n<p>f) Eski Yunan ve Roma medeniyetinden kalma edebiyat, sanat, bilim ve felsefe eserlerinin incelenmesi, de\u011ferlendirilmesi ve okutulmas\u0131.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ol start=\"97\">\n<li><b>R\u00f6nesans\u2019\u0131n \u0130talya\u2019da \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 ba\u015flamas\u0131n\u0131n nedenleri nelerdir?<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>a) \u0130talya\u2019n\u0131n M\u0131s\u0131r, Yunan, Helen ve \u0130slam uygarl\u0131klar\u0131yla yak\u0131n ili\u015fkiler i\u00e7erisinde olmas\u0131,<\/p>\n<p>b) \u0130talya\u2019n\u0131n bir ticaret merkezi olmas\u0131<\/p>\n<p>c) H\u0131ristiyanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n dini merkezinin Roma olmas\u0131 ve kilisenin sanat\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131 korumas\u0131,<\/p>\n<p>d) Zengin \u0130talyan \u015fehirlerinde sanat\u0131 ve sanat\u00e7\u0131y\u0131 destekleyen insanlar\u0131n olmas\u0131<\/p>\n<p>e) \u0130stanbul\u2019un fethi sonras\u0131nda Bizans alimlerinin \u0130talya\u2019ya gelerek eski Yunan ve Roma eserlerini \u0130talyancaya \u00e7evirmeleri.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ol start=\"98\">\n<li><b>Reform nedir? \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Tan\u0131mlay\u0131n\u0131z?<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>16. y\u00fczy\u0131lda Avrupa\u2019da Katolik mezhebindeki bozulmay\u0131 \u00f6nlemek, yeni d\u00fczenlemeler yapmak ve H\u0131ristiyanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ger\u00e7ek \u015fekline d\u00f6nd\u00fcrmek amac\u0131yla giri\u015filen \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalard\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ol start=\"99\">\n<li><b>Reform\u2019un nedenleri \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 nelerdir?<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>a) Katolik kilisesinin bozulmas\u0131; \u0131slah fikrinin yay\u0131lmas\u0131<\/p>\n<p>b) H\u0131ristiyanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n temel kaynaklar\u0131na inilmesi<\/p>\n<p>c) Matbaa sayesinde ileti\u015fimin geli\u015fmesi<\/p>\n<p>d) Dini metinlerin ulusal dillere \u00e7evrilmesi<\/p>\n<p>e) R\u00f6nesans\u2019la birlikte skolastik d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncenin \u00f6nemini kaybetmesi<\/p>\n<p>f) Kilisenin ekonomik s\u00f6m\u00fcr\u00fcs\u00fcn\u00fcn halk\u0131n tepkisine neden olmas\u0131.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ol start=\"100\">\n<li><b>Reform\u2019un sonu\u00e7lar\u0131 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 nelerdir?<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>a) Avrupa\u2019da mezhep birli\u011fi par\u00e7aland\u0131.<\/p>\n<p>b) Katolik kilisesi kendine \u00e7eki d\u00fczen vermek zorunda kald\u0131.<\/p>\n<p>c) E\u011fitim ve \u00f6\u011fretim kilisenin elinden al\u0131narak laik bir e\u011fitim sistemi kuruldu.<\/p>\n<p>d) Katolik kilisesinden ayr\u0131lan \u00fclkelerde kilisenin mallar\u0131na el konuldu.<\/p>\n<p>e) Katolik kilisesi kendini koruya bilmek i\u00e7in engizisyon mahkemeleri ve Cizvit tarikat\u0131n\u0131 devreye soktu.<\/p>\n<p>f) Protestan kral ve prensler din i\u015flerinin hakimi oldular, kiliseyi kontrolleri alt\u0131na ald\u0131lar.<\/p>\n<p>g) Avrupa H\u0131ristiyan birli\u011finin par\u00e7alanmas\u0131 sonras\u0131nda Osmanl\u0131 devleti Avrupa i\u00e7lerine rahat\u00e7a ilerleme imkan\u0131 buldu.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ol start=\"101\">\n<li><b>Reform hareketleri \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 sonras\u0131nda Avrupa\u2019n\u0131n mezhep yap\u0131s\u0131 nas\u0131l \u015fekillendi?<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>Katolik, Ortodoks, Protestan, Kalvenizm ve Anglikanizm<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ol start=\"102\">\n<li><b>Reform hareketlerinin \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Osmanl\u0131ya etkileri nelerdir? <\/b><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>Osmanl\u0131 Devletinde ya\u015fayan H\u0131ristiyan halka din ve inan\u00e7 y\u00f6n\u00fcnde geni\u015f haklar tan\u0131nm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Osmanl\u0131 H\u0131ristiyanlar\u0131 huzur i\u00e7inde ya\u015f\u0131yorlard\u0131. Bu nedenle reform hareketlerine kat\u0131lma gere\u011fi duymad\u0131lar. Reform hareketleri sonras\u0131nda Avrupa H\u0131ristiyan birli\u011finin par\u00e7alanmas\u0131 Osmanl\u0131n\u0131n Avrupa siyaseti a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan uygundu.Bu ortamdan yararlanan Osmanl\u0131 Devleti Avrupa\u2019da Viyana\u2019ya kadar ilerledi.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ol start=\"103\">\n<li><b>Osmanl\u0131 tarihinde \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Sokullu Mehmet Pa\u015fa\u2019n\u0131n \u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc ile ba\u015flayan d\u00f6nem hangisidir?<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>Duraklama d\u00f6nemi.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ol start=\"104\">\n<li><b>Osmanl\u0131 Devletinin \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 duraklama d\u00f6nemine girmesinin i\u00e7 nedenleri nelerdir? <\/b><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>a) Merkezi y\u00f6netimde g\u00f6r\u00fclen bozulmalar<\/p>\n<p>b) Ekonominin bozulmas\u0131<\/p>\n<p>c) Askeri sistemde bozulmalar<\/p>\n<p>d) Sosyal alandaki bozulmalar<\/p>\n<p>e) E\u011fitimde bozulmalar<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ol start=\"105\">\n<li><b>Osmanl\u0131 Devletinin \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 duraklama d\u00f6nemine girmesinin d\u0131\u015f nedenleri nelerdir?<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>a) G\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc devletlere kom\u015fu olma ve do\u011fal s\u0131n\u0131rlara ula\u015fma<\/p>\n<p>b) Co\u011frafi ke\u015fiflerin etkisi<\/p>\n<p>c) R\u00f6nesans\u2019\u0131n etkisi<\/p>\n<p>d) Kapit\u00fclasyonlar\u0131n etkisi<\/p>\n<p>e) Ha\u00e7l\u0131 zihniyeti<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ol start=\"106\">\n<li><b>I.Ahmet\u2019in Osmanl\u0131 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 veraset sisteminde yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 d\u00fczenlemeler nelerdir?<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>Ekber ve Er\u015fed (ya\u015f\u00e7a en b\u00fcy\u00fck ve en olgunun ba\u015fa ge\u00e7mesi) gelene\u011fini getirdi. \u015eehzadelerin sanca\u011fa g\u00f6nderilme gelene\u011finden vazge\u00e7ildi..<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ol start=\"107\">\n<li><b>Osmanl\u0131 Devleti ile \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Lehistan aras\u0131nda imzalanan ilk resmi antla\u015fma hangisidir?<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>Hotin Antla\u015fmas\u0131<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ol start=\"108\">\n<li><b>1639 Kasr-\u0131 \u015eirin \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Antla\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6nemi nedir?<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>a) Yakla\u015f\u0131k olarak bu g\u00fcnk\u00fc T\u00fcrk-\u0130ran s\u0131n\u0131r\u0131 \u00e7izildi.<\/p>\n<p>b) Do\u011fu\u2019da uzun s\u00fcren bir bar\u0131\u015f d\u00f6nemi ba\u015flad\u0131.<\/p>\n<p>c) Azerbaycan T\u00fcrkleri ile Anadolu T\u00fcrkleri aras\u0131ndaki ba\u011f koptu.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ol start=\"109\">\n<li><b>K\u00f6pr\u00fcl\u00fc Mehmet Pa\u015fa \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 sadrazaml\u0131k g\u00f6revine getirilirken hangi \u015fartlar\u0131 ileri s\u00fcrd\u00fc?<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>a) Saray devlet i\u015flerine kar\u0131\u015fmayacak<\/p>\n<p>b) Devlet i\u015fleriyle ilgili sunaca\u011f\u0131 teklifler kabul edilecek<\/p>\n<p>c) Memurluklara istedi\u011fi ki\u015fiyi atayacak<\/p>\n<p>d) Hakk\u0131nda \u015fik\u00e2yet olursa, \u00f6nce savunmas\u0131 al\u0131nacak, sonra karar verilecek<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ol start=\"110\">\n<li><b>Osmanl\u0131 Devletinin \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 bat\u0131da toprak kazand\u0131\u011f\u0131 son antla\u015fma hangisidir?<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>Buca\u015f Antla\u015fmas\u0131<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ol start=\"111\">\n<li><b>1683 Viyana Seferinin \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 nedenleri nelerdir?<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>a) Avusturya bask\u0131s\u0131 sonras\u0131nda Macarlar\u0131n Osmanl\u0131 dan yard\u0131m istemeleri ve bu iste\u011fin kabul edilmesi.<\/p>\n<p>b) Zitvatoruk Antla\u015fmas\u0131yla Avusturya kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda kaybedilen \u00fcst\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn yeniden olu\u015fturulmak istenmesi.<\/p>\n<p>c) Merzifonlu Kara Mustafa Pa\u015fa\u2019n\u0131n Viyana\u2019y\u0131 alarak y\u00f6netimdeki g\u00fcc\u00fcn\u00fc artt\u0131rma iste\u011fi.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ol start=\"112\">\n<li><b>1683 Viyana bozgunun \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 nedenleri nelerdir?<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>a) Ku\u015fatmada b\u00fcy\u00fck toplar\u0131n bulunmay\u0131\u015f\u0131<\/p>\n<p>b) Avrupa devletlerinin Avusturya\u2019ya yard\u0131m\u0131 gelmesi<\/p>\n<p>c) K\u0131r\u0131m Han\u0131\u2019n\u0131n g\u00f6revini yerine getirmemesi<\/p>\n<p>d) Viyana\u2019n\u0131n g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc surlarla \u00e7evrili olmas\u0131<\/p>\n<p>e) Grideki kalelerin al\u0131nmam\u0131\u015f olmas\u0131<\/p>\n<p>f) Devletteki i\u00e7 \u00e7eki\u015fmelerin orduya yans\u0131mas\u0131<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ol start=\"113\">\n<li><b>1683 Viyana bozgunun \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 sonu\u00e7lar\u0131 nelerdir?<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>a) Merzifonlu Kara Mustafa Pa\u015fa idam edildi<\/p>\n<p>b) II. Viyana ku\u015fatmas\u0131 Avrupa\u2019y\u0131 tela\u015fa d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcren son sefer oldu<\/p>\n<p>c) U\u011fran\u0131lan yenilgi Avrupa\u2019dan geri \u00e7ekilme s\u00fcreci ba\u015flatt\u0131.<\/p>\n<p>d) Osmanl\u0131n\u0131n ba\u015far\u0131s\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131 Avrupa\u2019y\u0131 harekete ge\u00e7irdi, Ha\u00e7l\u0131 zihniyetini canland\u0131rd\u0131<\/p>\n<p>e) Avusturya, Lehistan, Venedik, Malta ve Rusya\u2019n\u0131n kat\u0131l\u0131m\u0131yla Kutsal \u0130ttifak kuruldu<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ol start=\"114\">\n<li><b>II. Viyana ku\u015fatmas\u0131 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 sonras\u0131nda Osmanl\u0131 Devletine kar\u015f\u0131 kurulan Kutsal \u0130ttifakta yer alan \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 devletler hangileridir?<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>Avusturya, Venedik, Lehistan, Malta ve Rusya<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ol start=\"115\">\n<li><b>Karlof\u00e7a Antla\u015fmas\u0131na \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 g\u00f6re Avusturya nereleri ald\u0131?<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>Banat yaylas\u0131 ve Teme\u015fvar hari\u00e7, Macaristan ve Erdel\u2019i Avusturya ele ge\u00e7irdi.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ol start=\"116\">\n<li><b>Karlof\u00e7a antla\u015fmas\u0131na \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 g\u00f6re Lehistan nereleri ald\u0131?<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>Podolya ve Ukrayna Lehistan\u2019a verildi.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ol start=\"117\">\n<li><b>Karlof\u00e7a Antla\u015fmas\u0131na \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 g\u00f6re Venedik nereleri ald\u0131?<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>Mora Yar\u0131madas\u0131 ve Dalma\u00e7ya Venedik\u2019e verildi.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ol start=\"118\">\n<li><b>Osmanl\u0131 Devletinin \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 bat\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda askeri \u00fcst\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc kaybederek,geri \u00e7ekilme s\u00fcrecine \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 girdi\u011fi antla\u015fma hangisidir?<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>Karlof\u00e7a Antla\u015fmas\u0131.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ol start=\"119\">\n<li><b>Hangi antla\u015fma \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 sonras\u0131nda Osmanl\u0131n\u0131n Karadeniz\u2019deki egemenli\u011fi \u0130lk kez tehlikeye girdi? \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Yaz\u0131n\u0131z.<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>\u0130stanbul Antla\u015fmas\u0131.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ol start=\"120\">\n<li><b>17. y\u00fczy\u0131l isyanlar\u0131 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 nitelik bak\u0131m\u0131ndan ka\u00e7a ayr\u0131l\u0131r? Yaz\u0131n\u0131z.<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>a) \u0130stanbul \u0130syanlar\u0131 b) Celali \u0130syanlar\u0131 c) Eyalet \u0130syanlar\u0131<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ol start=\"121\">\n<li><b>Osmanl\u0131 Tarihi\u2019nde 17. \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 y\u00fczy\u0131lda meydana gelen i\u00e7 isyanlar\u0131n ama\u00e7lar\u0131 bak\u0131m\u0131ndan g\u00f6sterdikleri \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 farkl\u0131l\u0131klar nelerdir? Yaz\u0131n\u0131z.<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>\u0130stanbul ve Celali \u0130syanlar\u0131 devlet d\u00fczenini de\u011fi\u015ftirmeye y\u00f6nelik olmay\u0131p, \u015fah\u0131slara ve k\u00f6t\u00fc devlet y\u00f6netimine kar\u015f\u0131 meydana gelen isyanlard\u0131r. Bu y\u00fczy\u0131lda meydana gelen eyalet isyanlar\u0131 ise Osmanl\u0131 Devleti\u2019nden ayr\u0131larak, mevcut d\u00fczeni y\u0131kmaya y\u00f6nelik isyanlard\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ol start=\"122\">\n<li><b>17. y\u00fczy\u0131l \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u0131slahatlar\u0131n\u0131n ama\u00e7lar\u0131 nelerdir?<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>Devlet i\u00e7indeki bozulmalar\u0131 d\u00fczeltmek ve devleti y\u00fckselme d\u00f6nemindeki g\u00fc\u00e7 ve ihti\u015fam\u0131na kavu\u015fturmak amac\u0131yla ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirildi.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ol start=\"123\">\n<li><b>17. y\u00fczy\u0131lda daha \u00e7ok \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 hangi alanlarda \u0131slahatlar ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirildi?<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>Bu y\u00fczy\u0131lda daha \u00e7ok askeri, mali ve ahlaki alanlarda \u0131slahatlar yap\u0131ld\u0131.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ol start=\"124\">\n<li><b>17. Y\u00fczy\u0131l \u0131slahat\u00e7\u0131 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 padi\u015fahlar\u0131 kimlerdir?<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>II. Osman, IV. Murat.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ol start=\"125\">\n<li><b>17. y\u00fczy\u0131l \u0131slahat\u00e7\u0131 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 devlet adamlar\u0131 kimlerdir?<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>Kuyucu Murat Pa\u015fa, Kemanke\u015f Mustafa Pa\u015fa, Tarhuncu Ahmet Pa\u015fa, K\u00f6pr\u00fcl\u00fc Mehmet Pa\u015fa, K\u00f6pr\u00fcl\u00fc Faz\u0131l Ahmet Pa\u015fa, Amcazade H\u00fcseyin Pa\u015fa<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ol start=\"126\">\n<li><b>Rus \u00c7ar\u0131 I.Petro\u2019nun \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Rusya\u2019y\u0131 g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc bir devlet haline getirmek amac\u0131yla belirledi\u011fi politikalar \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 nelerdir?<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>a) Rusya\u2019n\u0131n Karadeniz\u2019deki etkinli\u011fini artt\u0131rmak,<\/p>\n<p>b) K\u0131r\u0131m ve \u00e7evresini ele ge\u00e7irmek<\/p>\n<p>c) Kafkaslar\u0131 denetim alt\u0131na almak<\/p>\n<p>d) Lehistan\u2019\u0131 egemenlik alt\u0131na almak<\/p>\n<p>e) Balkanlardaki Ortodokslar\u0131 himayesine almak.<\/p>\n<p>f) Bo\u011fazlar\u0131 ele ge\u00e7irerek, Akdeniz\u2019e a\u00e7\u0131lamak.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ol start=\"127\">\n<li><b>18. y\u00fczy\u0131l ba\u015flar\u0131nda \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Osmanl\u0131 devlet adamlar\u0131n\u0131n bat\u0131da izledikleri politika ve sonu\u00e7lar\u0131 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 nelerdir?<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>18. y\u00fczy\u0131l ba\u015flar\u0131nda Osmanl\u0131 Devleti kaybetti\u011fi topraklar\u0131 geri almak i\u00e7in m\u00fccadele etti. Bu politika do\u011frultusunda yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 sava\u015flarda istenen amaca ula\u015famad\u0131, hatta yeni topraklar kaybetti.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ol start=\"128\">\n<li><b>Osmanl\u0131 Devleti\u2019nin \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 bat\u0131ya bak\u0131\u015f a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n de\u011fi\u015fmesi ile sonu\u00e7lanan antla\u015fma hangisidir?<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>Pasarof\u00e7a Antla\u015fmas\u0131<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ol start=\"129\">\n<li><b>1746\u2019da Osmanl\u0131-\u0130ran \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 aras\u0131nda imzalanan Kerden Antla\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6nemi nedir? <\/b><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>Bu antla\u015fma ile Osmanl\u0131- \u0130ran sava\u015flar\u0131 sona erdi ve taraflar aras\u0131nda bar\u0131\u015f d\u00f6nemi ba\u015flad\u0131.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ol start=\"130\">\n<li><b>K\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck Kaynarca \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Antla\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131n en \u00f6nemli maddesi nedir?<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>Dini bak\u0131mdan Osmanl\u0131\u2019ya ba\u011fl\u0131 kalmas\u0131 \u015fart\u0131 ile K\u0131r\u0131m\u2019a ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131k verilmesi.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ol start=\"131\">\n<li><b>Rusya \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 kapit\u00fclasyonlardan yararlanma hakk\u0131n\u0131 ilk kez hangi antla\u015fma ile elde \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 etti?<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>K\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck Kaynarca Antla\u015fmas\u0131<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ol start=\"132\">\n<li><b>Rusya Karadeniz\u2019de \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 donanma bulundurma hakk\u0131n\u0131 ilk kez hangi antla\u015fma ile elde etti?<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>K\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck Kaynarca Antla\u015fmas\u0131<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ol start=\"133\">\n<li><b>Grek Projesi\u2019ne g\u00f6re \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Osmanl\u0131 topraklar\u0131 nas\u0131l payla\u015f\u0131lmak istenmektedir?<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>S\u0131rbistan, Bosna ve Hersek Avusturya\u2019ya b\u0131rak\u0131lacak, T\u00fcrkler Rumeli\u2019den at\u0131labilirse \u0130stanbul merkez olmak \u00fczere Bizans Devleti yeniden kurulacakt\u0131.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ol start=\"134\">\n<li><b>Zi\u015ftovi Antla\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00f6nemi nedir?<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>Osmanl\u0131 Devleti ile Avusturya aras\u0131nda imzalanan son bar\u0131\u015f antla\u015fmas\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ol start=\"135\">\n<li><b>Ya\u015f Antla\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 sonu\u00e7lar\u0131 nelerdir?<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>K\u0131r\u0131m kesin olarak Rusya\u2019n\u0131n eline ge\u00e7ti. Osmanl\u0131\u2019n\u0131n K\u0131r\u0131m\u2019\u0131 geri alma \u00fcmitleri bitti. Ya\u015f Antla\u015fmas\u0131\u2019yla Osmanl\u0131\u2019da gerileme s\u00fcreci sona erdi, da\u011f\u0131lma s\u00fcreci ba\u015flad\u0131.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ol start=\"136\">\n<li><b>Fransa\u2019n\u0131n M\u0131s\u0131r\u2019\u0131 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 i\u015fgal etmesindeki ama\u00e7lar\u0131 nelerdir?<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>a) \u0130ngiltere\u2019nin Uzakdo\u011fu\u2019daki \u00e7\u0131karlar\u0131n\u0131 engellemek, Hindistan\u2019daki s\u00f6m\u00fcrgelerine giden yolu kesmek.<\/p>\n<p>b) M\u0131s\u0131r\u2019\u0131n zenginliklerinden ve ticari imkanlar\u0131ndan yararlanmak.<\/p>\n<p>c) Akdeniz\u2019i b\u00fct\u00fcn\u00fcyle kontrol alt\u0131na almak, Yedi Y\u0131l Sava\u015flar\u0131\u2019nda \u0130ngiltere\u2019ye kapt\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131 s\u00f6m\u00fcrgelerin bo\u015flu\u011funu Akdeniz\u2019de kapatmak.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ol start=\"137\">\n<li><b>Fransa M\u0131s\u0131r\u2019\u0131 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 i\u015fgalindeki ama\u00e7lar\u0131na ula\u015fmak i\u00e7in hangi yollar\u0131 izledi? <\/b><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>a) Osmanl\u0131n\u0131n Do\u011fu Akdeniz ve Ortado\u011fu\u2019daki etkinli\u011fini azaltmaya,<\/p>\n<p>b) Osmanl\u0131 himayesindeki Rumlara ve Araplara ulus\u00e7uluk d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncesini a\u015f\u0131lamaya,<\/p>\n<p>c) Osmanl\u0131n\u0131n g\u00fcc\u00fcn\u00fc k\u0131rarak zay\u0131fl\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan faydalanmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ol start=\"138\">\n<li><b>Osmanl\u0131 devlet \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 adamlar\u0131 denge politikas\u0131n\u0131 ilk kez hangi olay s\u0131ras\u0131nda kulland\u0131lar?<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>Fransa\u2019n\u0131n M\u0131s\u0131r\u2019\u0131 i\u015fgali s\u0131ras\u0131nda.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ol start=\"139\">\n<li><b>18.y\u00fczy\u0131l \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u0131slahatlar\u0131n\u0131n en \u00f6nemli \u00f6zellikleri nelerdir?<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>a) 18. y\u00fczy\u0131lda Osmanl\u0131 ayd\u0131n\u0131n bat\u0131ya bak\u0131\u015f\u0131 de\u011fi\u015fti. Bat\u0131n\u0131n askeri ve teknik \u00fcst\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc kabul edilerek, ilk bat\u0131l\u0131la\u015fma hareketleri ba\u015flat\u0131ld\u0131<\/p>\n<p>b) Avrupa\u2019daki geli\u015fmelerden yararlan\u0131larak, \u00f6zellikle askeri ve teknik alanda baz\u0131 yenilikler yap\u0131ld\u0131. Yenilik \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131nda ilk kez bat\u0131l\u0131 uzmanlardan faydalan\u0131lmaya ba\u015fland\u0131.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ol start=\"140\">\n<li><b>Osmanl\u0131 tarihinde Lale \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Devri olarak adland\u0131r\u0131lan d\u00f6nem hangi olaylar aras\u0131nda ya\u015fand\u0131, d\u00f6nemin \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 mimarlar\u0131 kimlerdir?<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>1718 Pasorof\u00e7a Antla\u015fmas\u0131\u2019ndan 1730 Patrona Halil \u0130syan\u0131\u2019na kadar ge\u00e7en s\u00fcre Osmanl\u0131 Tarihi\u2019nde Lale Devri olarak adland\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r. D\u00f6nemin mimarlar\u0131 Padi\u015fah III. Ahmet ve Sadrazam Nev\u015fehirli Damat \u0130brahim Pa\u015fa\u2019d\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ol start=\"141\">\n<li><b>Askeri alanda ilk kez \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 bat\u0131 tarz\u0131 yenilikler yapan ve bu yeniliklerde ilk kez bat\u0131l\u0131 uzmanlardan \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 faydalanma yolunu se\u00e7en Osmanl\u0131 padi\u015fah\u0131 kimdir?<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>I.Mahmut<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ol start=\"142\">\n<li><b>Osmanl\u0131 Devletinde \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 bat\u0131da ge\u00e7ici el\u00e7ilikler a\u00e7\u0131lmas\u0131 uygulamas\u0131 ilk kez hangi d\u00f6nemde \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 ba\u015flat\u0131ld\u0131? <\/b><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>Lale Devri<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ol start=\"143\">\n<li><b>18.y\u00fczy\u0131l \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u0131slahatlar\u0131n\u0131n ba\u015far\u0131s\u0131z olmas\u0131n\u0131n nedenleri nelerdir?<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>a) Yenilikler bir \u00f6nceki y\u00fczy\u0131la g\u00f6re daha k\u00f6kl\u00fc olmas\u0131na ra\u011fmen, bilin\u00e7li bir kadroya dayanmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve ki\u015filere ba\u011fl\u0131 kald\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in ba\u015far\u0131s\u0131zl\u0131kla sonu\u00e7land\u0131.<\/p>\n<p>b) Uleman\u0131n yeniliklere cephe almas\u0131 da etkili oldu.<\/p>\n<p>c) Yenilikler s\u0131ras\u0131nda \u00e7\u0131karlar\u0131 zedelenen baz\u0131 \u00e7erceler \u00f6zellikle yeni\u00e7eriler \u00e7\u0131kard\u0131klar\u0131 isyanlarla yeniliklerin ba\u015far\u0131s\u0131zl\u0131kla sonu\u00e7lanmas\u0131nda etkili oldular.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ol start=\"144\">\n<li><b>Frans\u0131z \u0130htilal \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00f6ncesinde Frans\u0131z halk\u0131 hangi sosyal s\u0131n\u0131flara ayr\u0131lmaktayd\u0131?<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>Soylular, Rahipler, Burjuvalar ve K\u00f6yl\u00fcler<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ol start=\"145\">\n<li><b>Frans\u0131z ihtilalinin \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 ortaya \u00e7\u0131kmas\u0131nda etkili olan d\u0131\u015f etkenler nelerdir?<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>a) \u0130ngiltere\u2019de kurulmu\u015f olan Me\u015fruti y\u00f6netimin Frans\u0131z halk\u0131n\u0131 etkilemesi.<\/p>\n<p>b) Fransa\u2019n\u0131n yard\u0131mlar\u0131yla Amerikal\u0131lar\u0131n ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131\u011fa kavu\u015fmalar\u0131 ve demokrasiye ge\u00e7meleri, Frans\u0131z halk\u0131na \u00f6rnek oldu.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ol start=\"146\">\n<li><b>Frans\u0131z \u0130htilalinin \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Osmanl\u0131 Devleti \u00fczerindeki olumsuz etkileri nedir? Yaz\u0131n\u0131z.<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>\u0130htilalin ortaya \u00e7\u0131kard\u0131\u011f\u0131 Ulus\u00e7uluk (Milliyet\u00e7ilik) ak\u0131m\u0131 \u00e7ok uluslu bir devlet olan Osmanl\u0131\u2019n\u0131n y\u0131k\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flayan temel fakt\u00f6r oldu. 19. ve 20. y\u00fczy\u0131llarda ba\u015fta Rusya olmak \u00fczere Avrupa devletlerinin k\u0131\u015fk\u0131rtmas\u0131yla \u00f6nce Balkanlarda daha sonra t\u00fcm \u00fclkede az\u0131nl\u0131klar aras\u0131nda ayr\u0131l\u0131k hareketleri ba\u015flad\u0131. Zaman i\u00e7erisinde Osmanl\u0131\u2019dan ayr\u0131larak ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z devletlerini kurdular.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ol start=\"147\">\n<li><b>Frans\u0131z \u0130htilalinin \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Osmanl\u0131 Devleti \u00fczerindeki olumlu etkileri nelerdir?<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>a) \u0130htilalin getirdi\u011fi h\u00fcrriyet adalet ve e\u015fitlik gibi kavramlar Osmanl\u0131 ayd\u0131nlar\u0131 \u00fczerinde etkili oldu. Osmanl\u0131 Devleti\u2019nde demokratikle\u015fme hareketlerini ba\u015flatt\u0131.<\/p>\n<p>b) Az\u0131nl\u0131klar\u0131n ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131k istekleri T\u00fcrk milletine \u00f6rnek te\u015fkil etti. T\u00fcrk milliyet\u00e7ili\u011fi esas\u0131na dayanan bir devlet yap\u0131s\u0131 kurmak \u00fczere \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalara ba\u015fland\u0131. Osmanl\u0131 Devletinin y\u0131k\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flayan en temel fakt\u00f6r olan milliyet\u00e7ilik, Kurtulu\u015f Sava\u015f\u0131 y\u0131llar\u0131nda ve sonras\u0131nda kurulmakta olan yeni T\u00fcrk devletinin en temel dayana\u011f\u0131 oldu.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ol start=\"148\">\n<li><b>Sanayi \u0130nk\u0131lab\u0131 nedir? \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Yaz\u0131n\u0131z.<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>Sanayi \u0130nk\u0131lab\u0131, \u0130nsan ve hayvan g\u00fcc\u00fcne dayal\u0131 \u00fcretim tarz\u0131ndan, makine g\u00fcc\u00fcne dayal\u0131 \u00fcretim tarz\u0131na ge\u00e7i\u015ftir.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ol start=\"149\">\n<li><b>Sanayi \u0130nk\u0131l\u00e2b\u0131n\u0131n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u0130ngiltere\u2019de ortaya \u00e7\u0131kmas\u0131n\u0131n nedenleri nedir?<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>a) B\u00fcy\u00fck s\u00f6m\u00fcrgelere sahip olmas\u0131,<\/p>\n<p>b) Y\u00f6netimde merkezi otoritenin olmas\u0131,<\/p>\n<p>c) Ara\u015ft\u0131rma ve \u00f6zg\u00fcr d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnce ortam\u0131n\u0131n olmas\u0131,<\/p>\n<p>d) K\u00f6m\u00fcr ve demir madenlerin \u00fclkede bol miktarda bulunmas\u0131,<\/p>\n<p>e) Hammadde birikiminin ve geni\u015f pazar imkanlar\u0131n\u0131n olmas\u0131.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ol start=\"150\">\n<li><b>Osmanl\u0131 tarihinde \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 1808\u2019de ayanlarla imzalanan Sened-i \u0130ttifak\u2019\u0131n sonu\u00e7lar\u0131 nelerdir? <\/b><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>a) Ayanlar merkezi otoriteye ba\u011fland\u0131, y\u00f6netim g\u00fc\u00e7lendi.<\/p>\n<p>b) Ayanlar\u0131n varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n resmen tan\u0131nm\u0131\u015f olmas\u0131, devletin ne kadar g\u00fc\u00e7s\u00fcz d\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc de a\u00e7\u0131\u011fa \u00e7\u0131kard\u0131.Bu y\u00f6n\u00fcyle Sened-i \u0130ttifak, merkezi devlet y\u00f6netimine ters d\u00fc\u015fen bir uygulamad\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ol start=\"151\">\n<li><b>1812 B\u00fckre\u015f \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Antla\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131n sonucu nedir?<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>Osmanl\u0131 Tarihi\u2019nde ilk defa bir az\u0131nl\u0131k (S\u0131rplar), baz\u0131 imtiyazlar (ayr\u0131cal\u0131klar) elde etti.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ol start=\"152\">\n<li><b>1829 Edirne \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Antla\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131n sonu\u00e7lar\u0131 nedir?<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>a) \u0130lk kez bir az\u0131nl\u0131\u011fa, Yunanl\u0131lara ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131k verildi.<\/p>\n<p>b) Osmanl\u0131 kendi g\u00fcc\u00fcyle topraklar\u0131n\u0131 koruyamayaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 anlad\u0131. Bat\u0131l\u0131 devletlerin deste\u011fine olan ihtiya\u00e7 iyice belirginlik kazand\u0131.<\/p>\n<p>c) Tuna Nehri k\u0131y\u0131lar\u0131ndaki kalelerin Ruslara b\u0131rak\u0131lmas\u0131 Rusya\u2019n\u0131n Balkanlardaki siyasi ve ticari etkinli\u011fini artt\u0131rd\u0131.<\/p>\n<p>d) Do\u011fudaki kalelerin elden \u00e7\u0131kmas\u0131yla Do\u011fu Anadolu Rus tehdidi alt\u0131na girdi.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ol start=\"153\">\n<li><b>19. Y\u00fczy\u0131lda \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Balkanlarda g\u00f6r\u00fclen ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131k hareketlerinin temel nedenleri nelerdir?<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>a) Frans\u0131z \u0130htilali ile ortaya \u00e7\u0131kan Milliyet\u00e7ilik (Ulus\u00e7uluk) d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncesi.<\/p>\n<p>b) Osmanl\u0131 Devletinin b\u00f6lgedeki varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 sona erdirmek isteyen bat\u0131l\u0131 devletlerin Osmanl\u0131y\u0131 zay\u0131flatmak amac\u0131yla Balkan uluslar\u0131n\u0131 k\u0131\u015fk\u0131rtmalar\u0131.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ol start=\"154\">\n<li><b>19. Y\u00fczy\u0131lda meydana \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 gelen Yunan \u0130syan\u0131n nedenleri nelerdir?<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>a) Frans\u0131z \u0130htilali ile ortaya \u00e7\u0131kan milliyet\u00e7ilik ak\u0131m\u0131.<\/p>\n<p>b) Bat\u0131l\u0131 devletlerin \u00f6zellikle Rusya\u2019n\u0131n k\u0131\u015fk\u0131rtmalar\u0131.<\/p>\n<p>c) Osmanl\u0131da merkezi otoritenin zay\u0131flamas\u0131.<\/p>\n<p>d) R\u00f6nesans\u2019la Yunan medeniyetinin Avrupa\u2019da tan\u0131nmas\u0131 ve bat\u0131da Yunanl\u0131lara kar\u015f\u0131 sempatinin artmas\u0131.<\/p>\n<p>e) Avrupa\u2019n\u0131n etkisiyle Yunanl\u0131lar\u0131n Bizans miras\u0131na sahip \u00e7\u0131kmak istemeleri.<\/p>\n<p>f) Yunan ayd\u0131nlar\u0131n\u0131n halk\u0131 ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131\u011fa y\u00f6nlendirmeleri ve kurduklar\u0131 cemiyetler.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ol start=\"155\">\n<li><b>19. Y\u00fczy\u0131lda meydana \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 gelen Yunan \u0130syan\u0131 Avrupa diplomasisinde hangi unsurlar\u0131 \u00f6n plana \u00e7\u0131kard\u0131? \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Yaz\u0131n\u0131z.<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>Din ve K\u00fclt\u00fcr unsurlar\u0131 \u00f6n plana \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131ld\u0131.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ol start=\"156\">\n<li><b>1833 K\u00fctahya \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Antla\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131n sonu\u00e7lar\u0131 nelerdir?<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>a) Do\u011fu Akdeniz\u2019de Osmanl\u0131n\u0131n etkinli\u011fi azald\u0131. Denetim Kavalal\u0131\u2019n\u0131n eline ge\u00e7ti.<\/p>\n<p>b) M\u0131s\u0131r ve Bo\u011fazlar uluslar aras\u0131 bir sorun haline geldi.<\/p>\n<p>c) Osmanl\u0131 Devleti\u2019nin bir valisi ile ba\u015fa \u00e7\u0131kamayacak kadar g\u00fc\u00e7s\u00fcz d\u00fc\u015fmesi, bat\u0131l\u0131lar\u0131n Osmanl\u0131 \u00fczerindeki ticari ve siyasi bask\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131 artt\u0131rd\u0131.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ol start=\"157\">\n<li><b>H\u00fcnkar \u0130skelesi \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Antla\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131n sonu\u00e7lar\u0131 nelerdir?<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>a) Rusya\u2019n\u0131n Karadeniz\u2019deki g\u00fcvenli\u011fi artt\u0131.<\/p>\n<p>b) Rusya ile Osmanl\u0131 aras\u0131nda bir ittifak ve dayan\u0131\u015fma olu\u015ftu.<\/p>\n<p>c) Osmanl\u0131 son kez bo\u011fazlar \u00fczerindeki egemenlik haklar\u0131n\u0131 kulland\u0131. Bo\u011fazlar \u0130ngiltere ve Fransa\u2019ya kapand\u0131.<\/p>\n<p>d) Antla\u015fma \u0130ngiltere\u2019nin \u00e7\u0131karlar\u0131na ters d\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc\u011f\u00fc i\u00e7in Rusya ile kar\u015f\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131ya geldi.<\/p>\n<p>e) Bat\u0131l\u0131lar antla\u015fman\u0131n y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011fe girmemesi i\u00e7in \u00e7aba sarf ettiler. M\u0131s\u0131r sorununa ek olarak bo\u011fazlar sorunu da uluslar aras\u0131 bir sorun haline geldi.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ol start=\"158\">\n<li><b>1840 Londra \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Antla\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131n sonu\u00e7lar\u0131 nelerdir?<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>a) M\u0131s\u0131r sorunu \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcmlendi. M\u0131s\u0131r\u2019a \u00f6zerklik verildi. Osmanl\u0131 Devletinde ilk kez bir valilik bu kadar g\u00fc\u00e7lenerek saltanat niteli\u011fi kazand\u0131.<\/p>\n<p>b)\u0130ngiltere ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z bir M\u0131s\u0131r Devletinin kurulmas\u0131n\u0131 engelleyerek, s\u00f6m\u00fcrgelerine giden yolu g\u00fcvenceye ald\u0131. Fransa\u2019n\u0131n Kavalal\u0131 kozunu kullanmas\u0131n\u0131 engelledi.<\/p>\n<p>c) Do\u011fu Akdeniz\u2019de \u0130ngiltere\u2019nin daha aktif bir rol oynamas\u0131, Rusya a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan olumsuz bir geli\u015fme oldu.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ol start=\"159\">\n<li><b>1841 Bo\u011fazlar \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 s\u00f6zle\u015fmesine g\u00f6re \u0130stanbul ve \u00c7anakkale bo\u011fazlar\u0131n\u0131n stat\u00fcs\u00fc nas\u0131l \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 belirlendi?<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>Bo\u011fazlar, Osmanl\u0131 egemenli\u011finde kalacak, Bo\u011fazlardan hi\u00e7bir sava\u015f gemisi ge\u00e7meyecekti.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ol start=\"160\">\n<li><b>19. y\u00fczy\u0131lda \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u0130ngiltere\u2019nin Osmanl\u0131 politikas\u0131 nedir? Yaz\u0131n\u0131z.<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>\u0130ngiltere 19.y\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131n son \u00e7eyre\u011fine kadar b\u00f6lgede Osmanl\u0131 toprak b\u00fct\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc koruma politikas\u0131 izledi.1877-1878 Osmanl\u0131-Rus harbinden sonra ise b\u00f6lgede Osmanl\u0131 varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 yok etmek amac\u0131yla olu\u015fan payla\u015f\u0131m planlar\u0131 i\u00e7erisinde yer ald\u0131.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ol start=\"161\">\n<li><b>19. y\u00fczy\u0131lda \u0130ngiltere \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Osmanl\u0131 toprak b\u00fct\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc politikas\u0131n\u0131 hangi ama\u00e7la uygulam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r?<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>\u0130ngiltere b\u00f6lgede Osmanl\u0131 toprak b\u00fct\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc koruyarak, s\u00f6m\u00fcrgelerine giden yolun g\u00fcvenli\u011fini sa\u011flamaya ve Akdeniz\u2019deki \u00e7\u0131karlar\u0131n\u0131 korumak istiyordu.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ol start=\"162\">\n<li><b>19. y\u00fczy\u0131lda Avusturya \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 hangi nedenle Osmanl\u0131n\u0131n yan\u0131nda yer ald\u0131?<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>Balkanlarda Rusya taraf\u0131ndan s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fclen milliyet\u00e7ilik hareketlerinin yay\u0131lmas\u0131ndan ve Rusya\u2019n\u0131n g\u00fc\u00e7lenmesinden \u00e7ekindi\u011fi i\u00e7in Osmanl\u0131 toprak b\u00fct\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc korumaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ol start=\"163\">\n<li><b>K\u0131r\u0131m Sava\u015f\u0131n\u0131n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00e7\u0131kmas\u0131nda etkili olan Rus politikalar\u0131 nelerdir?<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>a) Ortodokslar\u0131n koruyucusu s\u0131fat\u0131yla Osmanl\u0131\u2019n\u0131n i\u00e7i\u015flerine kar\u0131\u015fmas\u0131 ve Kutsal Yerler konusunda baz\u0131 isteklerde bulunmas\u0131.<\/p>\n<p>b) H\u00fcnkar \u0130skelesi Antla\u015fmas\u0131yla elde etti\u011fi ve daha sonra kaybetti\u011fi haklar\u0131 geri almak istemesi.<\/p>\n<p>c) Balkanlarda kendisine ba\u011fl\u0131 devletler kurdurmak istemesi.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ol start=\"164\">\n<li><b>K\u0131r\u0131m Sava\u015f\u0131n\u0131n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00e7\u0131kmas\u0131nda Osmanl\u0131daki \u0131slahat hareketlerinin etkisi nedir?<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>Osmanl\u0131 Devletinin Tanzimat Ferman\u0131 do\u011frultusunda y\u00f6netim, maliye, hukuk, askerlik ve e\u011fitim alan\u0131nda kapsaml\u0131 bir yenilik hareketine giri\u015fmesi, Osmanl\u0131n\u0131n b\u00f6lgede durumunu g\u00fc\u00e7lendirmesini istemeyen Rusya\u2019y\u0131 korkutmas\u0131.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ol start=\"165\">\n<li><b>K\u0131r\u0131m Sava\u015f\u0131n\u0131n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00e7\u0131kmas\u0131nda Bat\u0131l\u0131 devletlerin tutumlar\u0131n\u0131n etkileri nelerdir?<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>a) Balkanlarda Avusturya\u2019n\u0131n, Do\u011fu Akdeniz\u2019de \u0130ngiltere ve Fransa\u2019n\u0131n Rusya kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda \u00e7\u0131karlar\u0131n\u0131 korumak istemeleri.<\/p>\n<p>b) Macar m\u00fcltecileri korudu\u011fu i\u00e7in, Avrupa\u2019da Osmanl\u0131 lehine bir kamuoyu olu\u015fmas\u0131.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ol start=\"166\">\n<li><b>1856 Paris Bar\u0131\u015f \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Antla\u015fmas\u0131nda Osmanl\u0131n\u0131n yenik devlet muamelesi g\u00f6rmesine yol a\u00e7an madde \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 hangisidir? Yaz\u0131n\u0131z.<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>a) Karadeniz\u2019in tarafs\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131 sa\u011flanacak;b\u00fct\u00fcn ticaret gemilerine a\u00e7\u0131k, sava\u015f gemilerine kapal\u0131 olacak.<\/p>\n<p>b) Rusya ve Osmanl\u0131 Karadeniz\u2019de donanma bulunduramayacak ve tersane kuramayacak.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ol start=\"167\">\n<li><b>1856 Paris Bar\u0131\u015f \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Antla\u015fmas\u0131 hangi y\u00f6nleriyle Osmanl\u0131 Devleti i\u00e7in olumlu bir antla\u015fmad\u0131r?<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>Rus tehlikesinin \u00f6nlenmesi, Avrupa devletler toplulu\u011funa kabul edilme, Avrupa hukukundan faydalanma ve toprak b\u00fct\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fcn garantisi a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan olumlu bir antla\u015fmad\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ol start=\"168\">\n<li><b>1856 Paris Bar\u0131\u015f \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Antla\u015fmas\u0131 hangi y\u00f6nleriyle Osmanl\u0131 Devleti i\u00e7in olumsuz bir antla\u015fmad\u0131r?<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>Karadeniz\u2019in tarafs\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve \u0131slahatlar\u0131n antla\u015fmada yer almas\u0131 bak\u0131m\u0131ndan olumsuz bir antla\u015fmad\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ol start=\"169\">\n<li><b>19. Y\u00fczy\u0131lda Rusya \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 taraf\u0131ndan ilk kez kullan\u0131lan \u015eark Meselesi terimi y\u00fczy\u0131l boyunca hangi \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 anlamlarda kullan\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r?<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>\u015eark Meselesi; 19. y\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131n ilk yar\u0131s\u0131nda Osmanl\u0131 toprak b\u00fct\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc koruma, 19. y\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131n ikinci yar\u0131s\u0131nda ise Avrupa\u2019da ki topraklar\u0131n\u0131n payla\u015f\u0131lmas\u0131 anlam\u0131nda alg\u0131lanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ol start=\"170\">\n<li><b>Pan-slavizm nedir? \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Hangi \u00fclke taraf\u0131ndan geli\u015ftirilmi\u015ftir?<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>Ortodoks ve Slav \u0131rk\u0131ndan olan balkan uluslar\u0131n\u0131n Rusya egemenli\u011fi alt\u0131nda birle\u015ftirilmesini hedef alan Rusya taraf\u0131ndan geli\u015ftirilen siyasi bir ak\u0131md\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ol start=\"171\">\n<li><b>1876 \u0130stanbul Tersane \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Konferans\u0131 hangi ama\u00e7la topland\u0131?<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>\u0130ngiltere\u2019nin giri\u015fimleriyle Balkan olaylar\u0131n\u0131 yat\u0131\u015ft\u0131rmak, Osmanl\u0131-Rus anla\u015fmazl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 bar\u0131\u015f yoluyla \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcmlemek.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ol start=\"172\">\n<li><b>1876\u2019da Osmanl\u0131 Devlet \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 adamlar\u0131n\u0131n Kanun-i Esasiyi ilan etmelerinin ama\u00e7lar\u0131 nelerdir?<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>a) Bat\u0131l\u0131lar\u0131n i\u00e7 i\u015flerimize kar\u0131\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6nlemek,<\/p>\n<p>b) Balkan uluslar\u0131na y\u00f6netimde temsil hakk\u0131 tan\u0131yarak devletten kopmalar\u0131n\u0131 engellemek,<\/p>\n<p>c) \u0130stanbul Tersane Konferans\u0131n\u0131n toplanmas\u0131n\u0131 gereksiz k\u0131lmak,<\/p>\n<p>d) Balkan sorununun \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm\u00fcnde Rusya\u2019ya kar\u015f\u0131 bat\u0131l\u0131 devletlerin deste\u011fini elde etmek.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ol start=\"173\">\n<li><b>1878\u2019de Osmanl\u0131 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Devleti ile Rusya aras\u0131nda imzalanan Ayestefanos Antla\u015fmas\u0131\u2019n\u0131n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 uygulanmamas\u0131n\u0131n nedenleri nedir? <\/b><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>Bu antla\u015fma ile Rusya himayesinde Karadeniz ve Ege\u2019ye kadar uzanan b\u00fcy\u00fck bir Bulgaristan kuruluyordu. B\u00f6ylece Ruslar hem Balkanlarda etkinli\u011fini artt\u0131racak, hem de Bulgaristan \u00fczerinden Akdeniz\u2019e ula\u015facakt\u0131. Antla\u015fma bu y\u00f6n\u00fc ile \u0130ngiltere, Almanya ve Avusturya\u2019n\u0131n \u00e7\u0131karlar\u0131na ters d\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc\u011f\u00fc i\u00e7in bu devletlerin itiraz\u0131na u\u011frad\u0131 ve uygulanamad\u0131.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ol start=\"174\">\n<li><b>Ermeni Sorunu ilk kez \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 hangi antla\u015fma ile Osmanl\u0131 Devletinin kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131na fiili olarak ortaya \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131?<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>Berlin Antla\u015fmas\u0131 (1878).<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ol start=\"175\">\n<li><b>Ermeni Sorunun ortaya \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f\u0131nda rol oynayan Rusya\u2019n\u0131n amac\u0131 nedir?<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>Do\u011fu Anadolu\u2019da ya\u015fayan Osmanl\u0131 Ermenilerini kullanarak, b\u00f6lgede kendi himayesinde kurulacak bir Ermeni devleti arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 ile Akdeniz\u2019e ve Orta Do\u011fuya inmek.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ol start=\"176\">\n<li><b>Ermeni Sorunun ortaya \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f\u0131nda rol oynayan \u0130ngiltere\u2019nin amac\u0131 nedir? <\/b><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>Do\u011fu Anadolu\u2019da \u0130ngiltere koruyuculu\u011funda bir Ermeni devleti kurulmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flayarak Rusya\u2019n\u0131n g\u00fcneye inmesini \u00f6nlemek.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ol start=\"177\">\n<li><b>31 Mart Olay\u0131 nedir? <\/b><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>Osmanl\u0131 Tarihi\u2019nde me\u015frutiyet kar\u015f\u0131tlar\u0131n\u0131n, Me\u015frutiyet y\u00f6netimine son vermek amac\u0131yla 13 Nisan 1909\u2019da \u00e7\u0131kard\u0131klar\u0131 isyan hareketidir.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ol start=\"178\">\n<li><b>Osmanl\u0131 Devletinin \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Kuzey Afrika\u2019daki varl\u0131\u011f\u0131 hangi antla\u015fma ile sona erdi? <\/b><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>U\u015fi (Ouchy) Antla\u015fmas\u0131<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ol start=\"179\">\n<li><b>Balkan Sava\u015flar\u0131n\u0131n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 nedenleri nedir?<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>a) Frans\u0131z \u0130htilali ile ortaya \u00e7\u0131kan milliyet\u00e7ilik ak\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n etkisi<\/p>\n<p>b) Rusya\u2019n\u0131n Balkanlarda izledi\u011fi Panslavizm politikas\u0131 ile Balkan milletlerinin birle\u015ftirilmek istenmesi<\/p>\n<p>c) Reval g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fmelerinde \u0130ngiltere\u2019nin Rusya\u2019y\u0131 Balkanlardaki isteklerinde serbest b\u0131rakmas\u0131<\/p>\n<p>d) Balkan devletlerinin Rusya \u00f6nderli\u011finde Osmanl\u0131 Devletinin Balkan topraklar\u0131n\u0131 payla\u015fma iste\u011fi<\/p>\n<p>e) Osmanl\u0131n\u0131n Trablusgarp\u2019ta sava\u015fmas\u0131 ve ordudaki siyasi b\u00f6l\u00fcnm\u00fc\u015fl\u00fck<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ol start=\"180\">\n<li><b>I. Balkan Sava\u015flar\u0131nda \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 yer alan \u00fclkeler hangileridir?<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>Osmanl\u0131 Devleti, S\u0131rbistan, Bulgaristan, Yunanistan ve Karada\u011f<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ol start=\"181\">\n<li><b>I. Balkan Sava\u015flar\u0131 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 hangi antla\u015fma ile sona erdi yazarak, bat\u0131 s\u0131n\u0131r\u0131m\u0131z nas\u0131l \u00e7izildi \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 belirtiniz?<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>I. Balkan Sava\u015flar\u0131 Londra Antla\u015fmas\u0131 ile sona erdi.Bu antla\u015fmaya g\u00f6re Midye-Enez hatt\u0131 bat\u0131 s\u0131n\u0131r\u0131m\u0131z olarak belirlendi.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ol start=\"182\">\n<li><b>I. Balkan Sava\u015flar\u0131n\u0131n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 temel nedeni nedir?<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>I. Balkan Sava\u015flar\u0131 sonunda Bulgaristan\u2019\u0131n daha fazla toprak almas\u0131 ve s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131n\u0131 Ege denizine kadar geni\u015fletmesi di\u011fer Balkan devletlerinin tepkisine yol a\u00e7t\u0131. Bu da II. Balkan Sava\u015flar\u0131n\u0131n temel nedenini olu\u015fturmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ol start=\"183\">\n<li><b>Osmanl\u0131 Devleti Balkan \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Sava\u015flar\u0131 sonunda nereleri kaybetti?<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>Bat\u0131 Trakya, Makedonya, Arnavutluk, Ege Adalar\u0131 ve Girit<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ol start=\"184\">\n<li><b>Osmanl\u0131 Devletini \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 i\u00e7inde bulundu\u011fu durumdan kurtarmaya y\u00f6nelik ortaya \u00e7\u0131kan fikri ak\u0131mlar \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 hangileridir? <\/b><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>Osmanl\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k, \u0130slamc\u0131l\u0131k, T\u00fcrk Birli\u011fi (Turanc\u0131l\u0131k), T\u00fcrk\u00e7\u00fcl\u00fck, Bat\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ol start=\"185\">\n<li><b>Osmanl\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k nedir? <\/b><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>Bir \u201c Osmanl\u0131 Milleti\u201d bilinci olu\u015fturarak az\u0131nl\u0131klar\u0131n devletten kopmas\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6nlenebilece\u011fini savunan bir ak\u0131md\u0131r.<\/p>\n<ol start=\"186\">\n<li><b>\u0130slamc\u0131l\u0131k nedir? <\/b><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>Devletin kurtulu\u015funu dini esaslara ba\u011fl\u0131l\u0131kta ve halifenin etraf\u0131nda birle\u015fmekte g\u00f6ren bir fikir ak\u0131m\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ol start=\"187\">\n<li><b>Turanc\u0131lara g\u00f6re \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Rusya\u2019n\u0131n Panslavizm politikas\u0131 nas\u0131l engellenebilirdi? <\/b><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>B\u00f6lgedeki T\u00fcrklerin birlik halinde hareket etmesiyle engellenebilirdi.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ol start=\"188\">\n<li><b>Osmanl\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k ve \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u0130slamc\u0131l\u0131k fikirleri neden ba\u015far\u0131s\u0131z olmu\u015flard\u0131r? <\/b><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>Osmanl\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k ve \u0130slamc\u0131l\u0131k fikirleri milliyet\u00e7ilik ak\u0131m\u0131 ile \u00e7eli\u015fti\u011fi i\u00e7in ba\u015far\u0131s\u0131z olmu\u015ftur.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ol start=\"189\">\n<li><b>20. y\u00fczy\u0131l ba\u015flar\u0131nda \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 yeni T\u00fcrk Devletinin kurulmas\u0131nda hangi fikir ak\u0131mlar\u0131 etkili olmu\u015ftur? <\/b><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>T\u00fcrk\u00e7\u00fcl\u00fck ve Bat\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ol start=\"190\">\n<li><b>Birinci D\u00fcnya Sava\u015f\u0131 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00f6ncesinde \u0130ttifak ve \u0130tilaf bloklar\u0131 hangi Avrupa devletlerinin kat\u0131l\u0131m\u0131 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 ile kuruldu?<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>Almanya, Avusturya-Macaristan ve \u0130talya taraf\u0131ndan \u0130ttifak devletleri grubu.<\/p>\n<p>\u0130ngiltere, Fransa ve Rusya taraf\u0131ndan \u0130til\u00e2f devletleri grubu.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ol start=\"191\">\n<li><b>Almanya Osmanl\u0131 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Devletini kendi yan\u0131nda sava\u015fa girdirmekle hangi hedeflere ula\u015fmak \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 istiyordu?<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>a) Sava\u015f\u0131 geni\u015f bir alana yayarak ku\u015fatma alt\u0131na al\u0131nmaktan kurtulmak.<\/p>\n<p>b) Yeni cephelerin a\u00e7\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flayarak, \u0130tilaf devletlerinin askeri g\u00fcc\u00fcn\u00fc b\u00f6lmek.<\/p>\n<p>c) Bo\u011fazlar\u0131 \u0130tilaf devletlerine kapatarak Rusya\u2019ya yard\u0131m ula\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131 engellemek.<\/p>\n<p>d) S\u00fcvey\u015f Kanal\u0131n\u0131 alarak, \u0130ngiltere\u2019nin s\u00f6m\u00fcrgelerinden yard\u0131m almas\u0131n\u0131 engellemek.<\/p>\n<p>e) Ortado\u011fu petrollerinden faydalanmak.<\/p>\n<p>f) Osmanl\u0131 ordusunu donatarak sava\u015f g\u00fcc\u00fcnden faydalanmak.<\/p>\n<p>g) Halifenin M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar \u00fczerindeki n\u00fcfuzundan yararlanmak.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ol start=\"192\">\n<li><b>Osmanl\u0131 Devletinin \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Almanya yan\u0131nda sava\u015fa girerek ula\u015fmak istedi\u011fi hedefler nelerdir?<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>a) Balkan Sava\u015flar\u0131nda kaybedilen yerleri geri almak.<\/p>\n<p>b) Almanya\u2019n\u0131n yard\u0131m\u0131yla bozulmu\u015f olan ekonomik durumu d\u00fczeltmek. Kapit\u00fclasyonlardan ve d\u0131\u015f bor\u00e7lardan kurtulmak.<\/p>\n<p>c) T\u00fcrk d\u00fcnyas\u0131n\u0131 ortak bir \u00e7at\u0131 alt\u0131nda toplayarak b\u00fcy\u00fck bir g\u00fc\u00e7 elde etmek. B\u00f6ylece Turan idealini ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirmek.<\/p>\n<p>d) \u0130ngiliz ve Frans\u0131z s\u00f6m\u00fcrgelerindeki M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar\u0131 ayakland\u0131rarak, bu devletleri i\u00e7erden \u00e7\u00f6kertmek; b\u00f6ylece Kuzey Afrika\u2019daki topraklar\u0131 geri almak.<\/p>\n<p>e) Do\u011fuda Rus i\u015fgali alt\u0131ndaki yerleri kurtarmak.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ol start=\"193\">\n<li><b>Osmanl\u0131 Devletinin I. \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 D\u00fcnya Sava\u015f\u0131na girmesinin sonu\u00e7lar\u0131 nelerdir? <\/b><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>a) Sava\u015f geni\u015f bir alana yay\u0131ld\u0131. \u0130tilaf devletlerinin g\u00fcc\u00fc b\u00f6l\u00fcnd\u00fc. Almanya ku\u015fatma alt\u0131na al\u0131nmaktan kurtuldu.<\/p>\n<p>b) Ruslar kuvvetlerinden bir k\u0131sm\u0131n\u0131 do\u011fuya kayd\u0131rmak zorunda kal\u0131nca Almanlar\u0131n y\u00fck\u00fc hafifledi.<\/p>\n<p>c) \u0130tilaf devletlerinin Rusya\u2019ya yard\u0131m ula\u015ft\u0131rmas\u0131 zorla\u015ft\u0131.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ol start=\"194\">\n<li><b>I. D\u00fcnya Sava\u015f\u0131\u2019nda \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00e7arp\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z taarruz cepheleri hangileridir?<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>Kafkas cephesi ve Kanal Cephesi<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ol start=\"195\">\n<li><b>\u00c7anakkale Cephesinin \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 a\u00e7\u0131l\u0131\u015f nedenleri nelerdir?<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>a) Bo\u011fazlar ve \u0130stanbul al\u0131narak Osmanl\u0131 sava\u015f d\u0131\u015f\u0131 b\u0131rak\u0131lacak,<\/p>\n<p>b) Rusya\u2019ya gerekli silah ve yard\u0131m yap\u0131larak Almanlar ve Bol\u015feviklere kar\u015f\u0131 g\u00fc\u00e7lendirilecek,<\/p>\n<p>c) Almanya\u2019n\u0131n do\u011fuya yay\u0131lmas\u0131 \u00f6nlenecek,<\/p>\n<p>d) Trakya \u00fczerinden yeni bir cephe a\u00e7\u0131larak Balkan devletlerinin deste\u011fi sa\u011flanacak,<\/p>\n<p>e) \u0130ngiltere M\u0131s\u0131r\u2019daki varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00fcvenceye alacak,<\/p>\n<p>f) Ortado\u011fu\u2019daki zengin petrol yataklar\u0131na ula\u015f\u0131lacakt\u0131.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ol start=\"196\">\n<li><b>\u00c7anakkale Cephesinin \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 sonu\u00e7lar\u0131 nelerdir?<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>a) \u00c7anakkale Sava\u015flar\u0131 Osmanl\u0131n\u0131n zaferi ile sonu\u00e7land\u0131,<\/p>\n<p>b) Sava\u015f\u0131 erken bitirme d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncesi ba\u015far\u0131s\u0131z oldu. Sava\u015f iki y\u0131l uzad\u0131,<\/p>\n<p>c) Yard\u0131m alamayan Rus ekonomisi bozuldu. Rusya\u2019da \u00e7\u0131kan ihtilal sonras\u0131nda sava\u015ftan \u00e7ekildi,<\/p>\n<p>d) Yar\u0131m milyona yak\u0131n insan \u00f6ld\u00fc.<\/p>\n<p>e) Osmanl\u0131n\u0131n ba\u015far\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6ren Bulgaristan Almanya\u2019n\u0131n yan\u0131nda sava\u015fa girdi,<\/p>\n<p>f) Mustafa Kemal\u2019in kazand\u0131\u011f\u0131 ba\u015far\u0131lar ulusal m\u00fccadelede \u00f6nder olarak benimsenmesinde etkili oldu.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ol start=\"197\">\n<li><b>Kanal Cephesinin \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 a\u00e7\u0131l\u0131\u015f nedenleri nelerdir?<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>a) M\u0131s\u0131r\u2019\u0131 geri almak<\/p>\n<p>b) \u0130ngilizleri M\u0131s\u0131r\u2019dan \u00e7\u0131kararak, s\u00f6m\u00fcrgeleriyle ba\u011flant\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 kesmek<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ol start=\"198\">\n<li><b>Irak Cephesinin a\u00e7\u0131l\u0131\u015f \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 nedenleri nelerdir?<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>a) T\u00fcrk kuvvetlerinin \u0130ran\u2019a girip Hindistan\u2019\u0131 tehtid etmesini engellemek,<\/p>\n<p>b) Kuzeye do\u011fru ilerleyerek, Ruslara yard\u0131m ula\u015ft\u0131rmak,<\/p>\n<p>c) Ortado\u011fu petrollerini ele ge\u00e7irmek.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ol start=\"199\">\n<li><b>S\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131m\u0131z d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 m\u00fcttefiklerimize yard\u0131m amac\u0131yla sava\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z cepheler hangileridir?<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>Makedonya, Romanya ve Gali\u00e7ya cepheleri.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ol start=\"200\">\n<li><b>Vak\u2019a-y\u0131 Hayriye \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 nedir? <\/b><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>1826\u2019da II. Mahmut taraf\u0131ndan Yeni\u00e7eri Oca\u011f\u0131\u2019n\u0131n kald\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 olay\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ol start=\"201\">\n<li><b>Mahmut devrinde hangi \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 alanlarda \u0131slahatlar yap\u0131ld\u0131?<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>Askerlik, hukuk ve y\u00f6netim, e\u011fitim ve k\u00fclt\u00fcr, ekonomi alanlar\u0131nda \u0131slahatlar yap\u0131ld\u0131.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ol start=\"202\">\n<li><b>Tanzimat Ferman\u0131n\u0131n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 kabul edilmesinin nedenleri nelerdir?<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>a) M\u0131s\u0131r ve Bo\u011fazlar sorununun \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm\u00fcnde bat\u0131l\u0131lar\u0131n deste\u011fini sa\u011flamak,<\/p>\n<p>b) Bat\u0131l\u0131lar\u0131n az\u0131nl\u0131k sorununu bahane ederek devletin i\u00e7 i\u015flerine kar\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n\u0131 engellemek,<\/p>\n<p>c) Daha kal\u0131c\u0131 \u0131slahatlar yaparak devleti da\u011f\u0131lmaktan kurtarmak,<\/p>\n<p>d) \u0130ngiltere ve Fransa\u2019n\u0131n \u0131slahat yap\u0131lmas\u0131 yolundaki bask\u0131 ve taleplerini kar\u015f\u0131lamak.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ol start=\"203\">\n<li><b>Tanzimat Ferman\u0131 hangi \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 y\u00f6n\u00fc ile \u0130ngiltere\u2019deki Manga Carta\u2019ya benzetilebilir?<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>Tanzimat Ferman\u0131 padi\u015fah\u0131n otoritesini kanun g\u00fcc\u00fcyle s\u0131n\u0131rlad\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in Manga Carta\u2019ya benzetilebilir.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ol start=\"204\">\n<li><b>Tanzimat\u2019tan itibaren \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Osmanl\u0131 adliye te\u015fkilat\u0131nda yap\u0131lan d\u00fczenlemeler sonucunda kurulan \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 mahkemeler hangileridir?<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>\u015eer\u2019iye mahkemeleri, Az\u0131nl\u0131k cemaat mahkemeleri, Konsolosluk mahkemeleri, Ticaret mahkemeleri, Nizamiye mahkemeleri.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ol start=\"205\">\n<li><b>Islahat Ferman\u0131na \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 ni\u00e7in \u201cimtiyazlar ferman\u0131\u201d da denmektedir?<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>Islahat Ferman\u0131nda az\u0131nl\u0131klar lehine yeni d\u00fczenlemeler yap\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in M\u00fcsl\u00fcman halk taraf\u0131ndan imtiyazlar ferman\u0131 olarak ta adland\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ol start=\"206\">\n<li><b>Kanun-i Esasinin ilan\u0131 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 ile kurulan Osmanl\u0131 Mebusan Meclisi hangi \u00fcyelerden olu\u015fmaktayd\u0131?<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>Osmanl\u0131 Meb\u2019usan Meclisi; \u00c2yan ve Mebusan olmak \u00fczere iki ayr\u0131 gruptan olu\u015fmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ol start=\"207\">\n<li><b>Osmanl\u0131 Devletinde \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 anayasal d\u00fczen ilk kez ne zaman, hangi olayla ba\u015flad\u0131?<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>1876\u2019da Kanun-i Es\u00e2s\u00ee\u2019nin kabul\u00fc ile ba\u015flad\u0131.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ol start=\"208\">\n<li><b>Devlet nedir?<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>Devlet; insanlar\u0131n s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131 belli bir toprak par\u00e7as\u0131 \u00fczerinde kendi kendini idare edebilmek i\u00e7in meydana getirdi\u011fi siyasi bir te\u015fkilatlanmad\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ol start=\"209\">\n<li><b>Devleti meydana \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 getiren ana unsurlar nelerdir? <\/b><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>Halk (melet), Yurt (vatan), Egemenlik (devlet kudreti), Ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131k.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ol start=\"210\">\n<li><b>Osmanl\u0131 devlet \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 anlay\u0131\u015f\u0131 ve y\u00f6netim sisteminin temelleri nelerdir?<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>a) Eski T\u00fcrk gelenekleri,<\/p>\n<p>b) \u0130slam dininin devlet anlay\u0131\u015f\u0131,<\/p>\n<p>c) Hakim olunan topraklardaki toplumlar\u0131n devlet anlay\u0131\u015flar\u0131.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ol start=\"211\">\n<li><b>Kurulu\u015ftan itibaren \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Osmanl\u0131 Devletinin ba\u015fkentleri hangi \u015fehirlerdir?<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>S\u00f6\u011f\u00fct, Bilecik, Karacahisar, \u0130znik, Bursa, Edirne ve \u0130stanbul.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ol start=\"212\">\n<li><b>Merkeziyet\u00e7i bir \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 yap\u0131ya sahip olan Osmanl\u0131 Devleti\u2019nde toplum ka\u00e7a ayr\u0131l\u0131r?<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>Asker\u00ee (y\u00f6netenler) ve Reaya (y\u00f6netilenler) olmak \u00fczere iki s\u0131n\u0131fa ayr\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ol start=\"213\">\n<li><b>Fatih Sultan Mehmet \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 haz\u0131rlatt\u0131\u011f\u0131 K\u00e2nunn\u00e2me\u2019de hangi nedenle karde\u015f katlini yasalla\u015ft\u0131rd\u0131?<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>Karde\u015fler aras\u0131ndaki taht kavgalar\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6nlemek devletin devaml\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flamak ve huzura kavu\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flamak amac\u0131yla karde\u015f katlini yasalla\u015ft\u0131rd\u0131.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ol start=\"214\">\n<li><b>I. Ahmet\u2019in Osmanl\u0131 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 veraset sisteminde yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 yasal d\u00fczenlemeler nelerdir?<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<ol start=\"1\">\n<li>Ahmet veraset sisteminde \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 d\u00fczenleme ile saltanat bo\u015fal\u0131rsa hanedan\u0131n en b\u00fcy\u00fc\u011f\u00fc (Ekber) ve en \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 olgunu (Er\u015fed) padi\u015fah olur h\u00fckm\u00fcn\u00fc getirmi\u015ftir.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ol start=\"215\">\n<li><b>Osmanl\u0131 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 h\u00fck\u00fcmdarlar\u0131n\u0131n kurulu\u015ftan itibaren kulland\u0131klar\u0131 unvanlar nelerdir?<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>Bey, Gazi, H\u00fcdavendig\u00e2r, Han, Hakan, Sultan, Padi\u015fah, Halife, \u015eahane, H\u00fcmayun gibi unvanlar kulland\u0131lar.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ol start=\"216\">\n<li><b>Osmanl\u0131 Devleti\u2019nde \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 h\u00fck\u00fcmdarl\u0131k sembolleri nelerdir?<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>Hutbe, Sikke (para bast\u0131rmak), Davul (tabl, nevbet), Sancak, Tu\u011f.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ol start=\"217\">\n<li><b>Klasik d\u00f6nem Osmanl\u0131 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 devlet y\u00f6netim merkezi olan Topkap\u0131 Saray\u0131 ka\u00e7 b\u00f6l\u00fcmden olu\u015fmaktad\u0131r? <\/b><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>Birun (d\u0131\u015f saray), Enderun ve Harem.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ol start=\"218\">\n<li><b>Enderun\u2019daki hizmet ve \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 e\u011fitim odalar\u0131 nelerdir? <\/b><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>Has oda, Hazine odas\u0131, Kiler odas\u0131, Seferli odas\u0131.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ol start=\"219\">\n<li><b>Osmanl\u0131 devlet \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 y\u00f6netiminde Divan nedir? <\/b><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>Devlet ve \u00fclke sorunlar\u0131n\u0131n g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fcl\u00fcp karara ba\u011fland\u0131\u011f\u0131 en \u00fcst y\u00f6netim ve en y\u00fcksek mahkeme organ\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ol start=\"220\">\n<li><b>Osmanl\u0131 devlet \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 y\u00f6netiminde Divan-\u0131 H\u00fcmayun\u2019un daimi \u00fcyeleri kimlerdir?<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>Padi\u015fah( Fatih d\u00f6nemine kadar), Veziriazam, Kubbealt\u0131 vezirleri, Kazasker(Kad\u0131asker), Defterdar, Ni\u015fanc\u0131.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ol start=\"221\">\n<li><b>Osmanl\u0131 devlet \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 y\u00f6netiminde gerek duyuldu\u011funda divan toplant\u0131lar\u0131na \u00e7a\u011fr\u0131lan \u00fcyeler \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 kimlerdir?<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>Kaptan-\u0131 Derya, Yeni\u00e7eri A\u011fas\u0131, \u015eeyh\u00fclislam.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ol start=\"222\">\n<li><b>Divan \u00fcyesi olan \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Ni\u015fanc\u0131\u2019n\u0131n g\u00f6revleri nelerdir? <\/b><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>Padi\u015fah ad\u0131na yaz\u0131lan ferman, berat, name gibi belgelere padi\u015fah\u0131n tu\u011fras\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7ekerdi. Kanunlar\u0131 d\u00fczenlemek, tapu ve kadastro i\u015flerini y\u00fcr\u00fctmek, yeni fethedilen topraklar\u0131 kaydetmek ve dirlik defterlerini tutmak. Ayr\u0131ca divanda al\u0131nan kararlar\u0131n mevcut hukuk kurallar\u0131na uygunlu\u011funu denetlemek gibi g\u00f6revleri vard\u0131.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ol start=\"223\">\n<li><b>Divan \u00fcyesi olan \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Defterdar\u2019\u0131n g\u00f6revleri nelerdir? <\/b><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>Hazine ile ilgili i\u015flerde h\u00fck\u00fcm yazmak, r\u00fctbe ve dirlik verilecek kimseleri h\u00fck\u00fcmdara teklif etmek, ak\u00e7enin de\u011ferini korumak, b\u00fct\u00e7eyi haz\u0131rlayarak padi\u015faha sunmak.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ol start=\"224\">\n<li><b>Divan \u00fcyesi olan \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Kazasker\u2019in g\u00f6revleri nelerdir?<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>Divanda askeri ve sivil adalet i\u015flerine bakmak, kad\u0131lar\u0131n, m\u00fcderrislerin ve naiplerin \u00f6zl\u00fck i\u015flerini takip etmek.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ol start=\"225\">\n<li><b>Osmanl\u0131 Devlet \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 y\u00f6netiminde Defterdar\u2019\u0131n g\u00f6revlerini yerine getirmesinde yard\u0131mc\u0131 olan \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 kalemler (daireler) hangileridir?<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>Ruznam\u00e7e Kalemi, Maliye Emirleri Kalemi ve Tarih\u00e7i Kalemi.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ol start=\"226\">\n<li><b>Osmanl\u0131 Devletinde \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 hazine ka\u00e7a ayr\u0131l\u0131r? <\/b><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>Hazine-i Hassa (\u0130\u00e7 Hazine) ve Hazine-i Amire (D\u0131\u015f Hazine)<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ol start=\"227\">\n<li><b>T\u0131mar sistemi nedir?<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>T\u0131mar Sistemi; Bir k\u0131s\u0131m asker ve devlet g\u00f6revlilerine belirli b\u00f6lgelerden vergi tahsis edilmesi ve buna kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k onlardan devlet i\u00e7in hizmet beklenmesi usul\u00fcd\u00fcr.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ol start=\"228\">\n<li><b>\u0130ltizam nedir?<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>\u0130ltizam kanunlar\u0131n saptad\u0131\u011f\u0131 vergileri y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fclerinden toplama ve devlet hazinesine aktarma g\u00f6revinin a\u00e7\u0131k artt\u0131rma yoluyla ve belli \u015fartlarla baz\u0131 \u015fah\u0131slara devredilmesi y\u00f6ntemidir.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ol start=\"229\">\n<li><b>Osmanl\u0131 ta\u015fra \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 te\u015fkilat\u0131nda eyaletler ka\u00e7a ayr\u0131l\u0131r?<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>Salyaneli (Y\u0131ll\u0131kl\u0131) Eyaletle, Salyanesiz (Y\u0131ll\u0131ks\u0131z) Eyaletler ve Ba\u011fl\u0131 H\u00fck\u00fcmet ve Beylikler.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ol start=\"230\">\n<li><b>Kap\u0131kulu Piyadeleri \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 hangi askeri s\u0131n\u0131flardan olu\u015fmaktad\u0131r?<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>Acemi o\u011flanlar oca\u011f\u0131, Yeni\u00e7eri oca\u011f\u0131, Top\u00e7u oca\u011f\u0131, Top Arabac\u0131lar\u0131 oca\u011f\u0131, Cebeci oca\u011f\u0131, Humbarac\u0131 oca\u011f\u0131, La\u011f\u0131mc\u0131 oca\u011f\u0131.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ol start=\"231\">\n<li><b>Kap\u0131kulu Sipahileri \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 (s\u00fcvarileri) hangi askeri s\u0131n\u0131flardan olu\u015fmaktad\u0131r?<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>Sipahlar (Sipahiler), Silahtar, Sa\u011f Ulufeciler, Sol ulufeciler, Sa\u011f Garipler, Sol Garipler.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ol start=\"232\">\n<li><b>Osmanl\u0131 kara \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 ordusundaki yard\u0131mc\u0131 kuvvetler hangileridir?<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>Ak\u0131nc\u0131lar, Azaplar, Yaya ve M\u00fcsellemler, Deliler, Y\u00f6r\u00fckler, G\u00f6n\u00fcll\u00fcler, Be\u015fliler, Sakalar.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ol start=\"233\">\n<li><b>Osmanl\u0131 kara ordusu \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 ka\u00e7 gruptan olu\u015fuyordu?<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>Kap\u0131kulu Ordusu, Eyalet Askerleri ve Yard\u0131mc\u0131 Kuvvetler.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ol start=\"234\">\n<li><b>Osmanl\u0131 hukuk \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 sisteminin temeli ka\u00e7a ayr\u0131l\u0131r? <\/b><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>\u015eer\u2019i hukuk ve \u00d6rf\u00ee hukuk<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ol start=\"235\">\n<li><b>Osmanl\u0131 hukuk \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 sisteminde yer alan \u015fer\u2019i hukukun temelleri nelerdir?<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>\u015eer\u2019i hukukun temelini Kur\u2019an-\u0131 Kerim ve hadisler olu\u015fturmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ol start=\"236\">\n<li><b>Osmanl\u0131 hukuk \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 sisteminde yer alan \u00f6rf\u00ee hukuk nedir? A\u00e7\u0131klay\u0131n\u0131z?<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>\u00d6rf\u00ee hukuk, \u015fer\u2019i hukuka ters d\u00fc\u015fmemek \u015fart\u0131 ile padi\u015fah\u0131n koydu\u011fu kanun, kanunname ve ferman gibi kurallard\u0131r. Bu kurallar t\u00f6reye uygun olurdu. \u00d6rf\u00ee konulardaki kurallar padi\u015fah\u0131n a\u011fz\u0131ndan yaz\u0131l\u0131r ve bunlara ferman denirdi. Fermanlar devlet hayat\u0131n\u0131 ve sosyal hayat\u0131 d\u00fczenlerdi.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ol start=\"237\">\n<li><b>Vak\u0131f nedir?<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>Vak\u0131f, M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar\u0131n, mallar\u0131ndan bir k\u0131sm\u0131 insanlar\u0131n hayr\u0131na sonsuza kadar ba\u011f\u0131\u015flamas\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ol start=\"238\">\n<li><b>\u0130lmiye s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131n\u0131n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 devlet y\u00f6netimi ve toplum i\u00e7indeki g\u00f6revleri ka\u00e7a ayr\u0131lar? <\/b><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>Tedris (e\u011fitim-\u00f6\u011fretim), Kaza (yarg\u0131), \u0130ft\u00e2 (fetva).<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ol start=\"239\">\n<li><b>Osmanl\u0131 toplum \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 yap\u0131s\u0131nda ilmiye s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131n\u0131n temsilcileri kimlerdir?<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>\u015eeyh\u00fclislam, Kazasker, Kad\u0131lar, M\u00fcderrisler, M\u00fcft\u00fcler, Nakib\u00fcle\u015fraf, Hekimler, \u0130mamlar, M\u00fcezzinler, M\u00fcneccimler, \u015eeyhler ve \u015eerifler.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ol start=\"240\">\n<li><b>\u0130lmiye s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131n\u0131n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 tedris g\u00f6revi nedir? Kimler taraf\u0131ndan kullan\u0131l\u0131r?<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>Tedris, e\u011fitim ve \u00f6\u011fretim g\u00f6revidir. M\u00fcderrisler taraf\u0131ndan kullan\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ol start=\"241\">\n<li><b>\u0130lmiye s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131n\u0131n kaza \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 g\u00f6revi nedir? Kimler taraf\u0131ndan kullan\u0131l\u0131r?<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>Kaza (yarg\u0131), \u0130sl\u00e2m hukukuna g\u00f6re h\u00fck\u00fcm verme g\u00f6revidir. Kazasker (Kad\u0131asker) ve kad\u0131lar taraf\u0131ndan kullan\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ol start=\"242\">\n<li><b>\u015eeyh\u00fclisl\u00e2m kimdir?<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>Divan-\u0131 H\u00fcm\u00e2yun\u2019un veya padi\u015fah\u0131n verdi\u011fi kararlar\u0131n \u0130sl\u00e2m dininin esaslar\u0131na uygun olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131na dair g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f (fetv\u00e2) belirten makamd\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ol start=\"243\">\n<li><b>\u0130lmiye s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131n\u0131n ift\u00e2 (fetva) g\u00f6revi nedir? Kimler taraf\u0131ndan \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 kullan\u0131l\u0131r?<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>\u0130ft\u00e2 (fetva), yap\u0131lanlar\u0131n, kararlar\u0131n dine uygun olup olmamas\u0131 konusunda fikir beyan etmek yetkisiydi. \u015eeyh\u00fclislam ve m\u00fcft\u00fc taraf\u0131ndan kullan\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Yak\u0131n Do\u011fu kavram\u0131 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 i\u00e7erisine hangi co\u011frafyalar girer? Anadolu, \u0130ran, Irak, Suriye, Filistin, Arabistan ve Afrika\u2019daki M\u0131s\u0131r\u2019\u0131 i\u00e7ine alan geni\u015f bir b\u00f6lgedir. &nbsp; 14. Y\u00fczy\u0131lda Yak\u0131n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Do\u011fu\u2019da bulunan devletler hangileridir? T\u00fcrkiye Sel\u00e7uklu Devleti, Anadolu Beylikleri, Ceneviz kolonileri, Trabzon Rum \u0130mparatorlu\u011fu, \u0130lhanl\u0131 Devleti, Bizans \u0130mparatorlu\u011fu, Alt\u0131n Orda Devleti ve Memluk Devleti. &nbsp; 14. Y\u00fczy\u0131lda \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 &#8230; <a title=\"10.Tarih soru ve cevaplar\u0131\" class=\"read-more\" href=\"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/10-tarih-soru-ve-cevaplari.html\" aria-label=\"More on 10.Tarih soru ve cevaplar\u0131\">Devam\u0131n\u0131 oku&#8230;<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[26],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-47739","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-tarih"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/47739","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=47739"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/47739\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=47739"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=47739"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=47739"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}