{"id":46687,"date":"2013-10-26T21:27:53","date_gmt":"2013-10-26T18:27:53","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/?p=46687"},"modified":"2013-10-26T21:27:53","modified_gmt":"2013-10-26T18:27:53","slug":"bati-tarzi-hikayecilik-edebiyatimizda-ne-zaman-baslamistir","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/bati-tarzi-hikayecilik-edebiyatimizda-ne-zaman-baslamistir.html","title":{"rendered":"Bat\u0131 tarz\u0131 hikayecilik edebiyat\u0131m\u0131zda ne zaman ba\u015flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r?"},"content":{"rendered":"

Bizde Bat\u0131l\u0131 anlamda hik\u00e2ye 1870’lerden sonra g\u00f6r\u00fclmeye ba\u015flar. \u0130lk hik\u00e2ye denemesi, Emin Nihat’\u0131n M\u00fcsameretn\u00e2me’sidir (1873). On iki par\u00e7adan olu\u015fan bu eser, uzun k\u0131\u015f gecelerinde e\u015f ve dostun anlatt\u0131\u011f\u0131 hik\u00e2yeler bi\u00e7imindedir. Bu y\u00f6n\u00fcyle Binbir Gece Masallar\u0131 ve Dekameron Hik\u00e2yeleri’ni an\u0131msat\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Bat\u0131l\u0131 anlamda ilk hik\u00e2ye \u00f6rneklerini Ahmet Mithat Efendi Let\u00e2if-i Riv\u00e2y\u00e2t (1880\u20131890) adl\u0131 eseriyle vermi\u015ftir. Samipa\u015fazade Sezai K\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck \u015eeyler ile Nabizade Naz\u0131m da Karabibik adl\u0131 eseriyle bu t\u00fcr\u00fcn ilk \u00f6rneklerini vermi\u015flerdir.<\/p>\n

Bat\u0131 tarz\u0131 hik\u00e2yenin ilk olgun \u00f6rneklerini Servet-i F\u00fcn\u00fbncular vermi\u015ftir. Halit Ziya U\u015fakl\u0131gil, H\u00fcseyin Cahit Yal\u00e7\u0131n, Mehmet Rauf gibi yazarlar, Maupassant tarz\u0131nda hik\u00e2yeler yazm\u0131\u015flard\u0131r.<\/p>\n

\u00d6mer Seyfettin, Yakup Kadri Karaosmano\u011flu, Refik Halit Karay, Re\u015fat Nuri G\u00fcntekin, H\u00fcseyin Rahmi G\u00fcrp\u0131nar bu t\u00fcr\u00fc devam ettirmi\u015flerdir. Ayr\u0131ca, Memduh \u015eevket Esendal, Sabahattin Ali, Sait Faik Abas\u0131yan\u0131k, Halikarnas Bal\u0131k\u00e7\u0131s\u0131 (Cevat \u015eakir Kabaa\u011fa\u00e7l\u0131), Sevin\u00e7 \u00c7okum, Orhan Kemal, Bekir Y\u0131ld\u0131z, Kemal Tahir, Fakir Baykurt, Mustafa Kutlu, Necati Cumal\u0131, Adalet A\u011fao\u011flu, Tar\u0131k Bu\u011fra gibi sanat\u00e7\u0131lar hik\u00e2ye t\u00fcr\u00fcnde eserler vermi\u015flerdir.<\/p>\n

Hik\u00e2ye \u00c7e\u015fitleri<\/strong>: Hik\u00e2yeler olu\u015fumlar\u0131na g\u00f6re olay Hik\u00e2yesi ve durum Hik\u00e2yesi olmak \u00fczere ikiye ayr\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n

1. Olay Hik\u00e2yesi<\/strong>: Olay Hik\u00e2yesi, ele al\u0131nan olaylar\u0131n mant\u0131ksal bir geli\u015fim i\u00e7erisinde verildi\u011fi Hik\u00e2yelerdir. Bu t\u00fcr Hik\u00e2yelerde olaylar; serim, d\u00fc\u011f\u00fcm ve \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm b\u00f6l\u00fcmlerine uygun olarak anlat\u0131l\u0131r. Olaylar\u0131n geli\u015fiminde ki\u015fi, yer ve zaman \u00f6geleri g\u00f6z \u00f6n\u00fcnde bulundurulur. Bu t\u00fcr Hik\u00e2ye Frans\u0131z edebiyat\u0131nda Maupassant taraf\u0131ndan geli\u015ftirildi\u011fi i\u00e7in Maupassant tarz\u0131 Hik\u00e2ye ad\u0131 da verilir.<\/p>\n

2. Durum Hik\u00e2yesi<\/strong>: Olaylardan \u00e7ok sosyal olgulara, duygu ve d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncelere \u00f6nem veren Hik\u00e2yelere durum Hik\u00e2yesi denir. Durum Hik\u00e2yesinde; duygu, d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnce ve hayaller \u00f6n planda oldu\u011fundan Hik\u00e2yenin di\u011fer \u00f6geleri; zaman, yer ve ya\u015fam ko\u015fullar\u0131 ikinci planda yer al\u0131r. Bunlar anlat\u0131mda okuyucuya sezdirilir. Bu tarz Hik\u00e2ye Rus edebiyat\u0131nda Anton \u00c7ehov taraf\u0131ndan ba\u015flat\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in \u00c7ehov tarz\u0131 Hik\u00e2ye olarak da adland\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r. T\u00fcrk edebiyat\u0131nda; \u00d6mer Seyfettin ve Refik Halit Karay olay Hik\u00e2yesinin, Sait Faik Abas\u0131yan\u0131k ve Memduh \u015eevket Esendal da durum Hik\u00e2yesinin \u00f6nemli temsilcilerindendir.<\/p>\n

\n

Ben Merkezli Hik\u00e2ye:<\/strong><\/p>\n

<\/strong>Hikayeci g\u00f6zlemlerinden ve d\u0131\u015f d\u00fcnyada ya\u015fan olaylardan yola \u00e7\u0131ka\u00adrak bireysel bunal\u0131m ve \u00e7\u0131kmazlar\u0131na y\u00f6nelir. Hik\u00e2yecinin ki\u015fili\u011fi ile hi\u00adk\u00e2ye ki\u015fileri i\u00e7 i\u00e7e girerek ya\u015fanan ile arzu ve hayal edilenin birlikteli\u011fi \u00fczerinde durulur. Birey d\u0131\u015f d\u00fcnyay\u0131 oldu\u011fu ve g\u00f6rd\u00fc\u011f\u00fc gibi de\u011fil, i\u00e7inde bulundu\u011fu ruh h\u00e2line g\u00f6re olmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fi gibi alg\u0131lar ve anlat\u0131r. Buna\u00adl\u0131m ve ya\u015fama sevinci aras\u0131nda kalan birey var olandan hareketle d\u00fc\u015f d\u00fcnyas\u0131na s\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131r.<\/p>\n

\u2022 Buna g\u00f6re hik\u00e2ye t\u00fcrleri;<\/p>\n

a.\u00a0Halk hik\u00e2yesi<\/p>\n

b.\u00a0Maupassant (Olay) tarz\u0131 hik\u00e2ye<\/p>\n

c.\u00a0\u00c7ehov (Durum) tarz\u0131 hik\u00e2ye<\/p>\n

d.\u00a0Ben merkezli hik\u00e2ye<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

olarak d\u00f6rt grupta toplanabilir.<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Bizde Bat\u0131l\u0131 anlamda hik\u00e2ye 1870’lerden sonra g\u00f6r\u00fclmeye ba\u015flar. \u0130lk hik\u00e2ye denemesi, Emin Nihat’\u0131n M\u00fcsameretn\u00e2me’sidir (1873). On iki par\u00e7adan olu\u015fan bu eser, uzun k\u0131\u015f gecelerinde e\u015f ve dostun anlatt\u0131\u011f\u0131 hik\u00e2yeler bi\u00e7imindedir. Bu y\u00f6n\u00fcyle Binbir Gece Masallar\u0131 ve Dekameron Hik\u00e2yeleri’ni an\u0131msat\u0131r. Bat\u0131l\u0131 anlamda ilk hik\u00e2ye \u00f6rneklerini Ahmet Mithat Efendi Let\u00e2if-i Riv\u00e2y\u00e2t (1880\u20131890) adl\u0131 eseriyle vermi\u015ftir. Samipa\u015fazade Sezai … Devam\u0131n\u0131 oku…<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[224],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-46687","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-edebiyat-dil-anlatim"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/46687","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=46687"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/46687\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=46687"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=46687"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=46687"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}