B. BES\u0130NLER\u0130N S\u0130ND\u0130R\u0130M\u0130
\nBesinler V\u00fccudumuzda Nas\u0131l Ta\u015f\u0131n\u0131r ?
\nB\u00fcy\u00fcyebilmek ve v\u00fccudumuzun sa\u011fl\u0131kl\u0131 \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flayacak enerjiyi \u00fcretebilmek i\u00e7in besleniriz. Enerji v\u00fccudumuzun her yerinde \u00fcretilir: Parmak u\u00e7lar\u0131m\u0131zdan kafam\u0131za kadar… Bu nedenle besinlerin v\u00fccudumuzun her yerine ta\u015f\u0131nmas\u0131 gerekir. Besin, kan arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 ile v\u00fccudumuzun her noktas\u0131na ula\u015f\u0131r.<\/p>\n
Besinlerin kana kar\u0131\u015fabilmesi i\u00e7in \u00e7ok k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck par\u00e7alara ayr\u0131lmas\u0131 gerekir. Bu i\u015fle g\u00f6revli organlar, besinleri \u00e7e\u015fitli i\u015flemlerden ge\u00e7irerek kana kar\u0131\u015fabilecek h\u00e2le getirir.
\nSindirim
\nKarbonhidrat, ya\u011f ve protein gibi besinlerin kana kar\u0131\u015fabilecek h\u00e2le gelmesine sindirim denir. Bu i\u015fi sindirimde g\u00f6revli yap\u0131 ve organlar ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirir. Sindirimi do\u011frudan ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftiren organlar sindirim kanal\u0131 ad\u0131 alt\u0131nda incelenir. Di\u011ferleri ise sindirime yard\u0131mc\u0131 organlar olarak adland\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r.
\nSindirim Kanal\u0131
\nA\u011f\u0131z: A\u011fz\u0131m\u0131z\u0131n i\u00e7erisinde dil ve di\u015fler vard\u0131r.
\nDi\u015fler, kopar\u0131p par\u00e7alar ve \u00f6\u011f\u00fct\u00fcr.
\nT\u00fck\u00fcr\u00fck, besinleri \u0131slat\u0131p kayganla\u015ft\u0131rarak kolay yutulmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flar. Ayr\u0131ca t\u00fck\u00fcr\u00fck baz\u0131 besinlerin sindirimini \u00e7i\u011fnenirken ba\u015flat\u0131r.
\nDil, besinlerin \u00e7i\u011fnenmesine ve yutulmas\u0131na yard\u0131mc\u0131 olur. Yediklerimizi yuta\u011fa do\u011fru iterek yutulmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flar. Ayr\u0131ca besinlerin tad\u0131n\u0131 da dilimizle al\u0131r\u0131z.
\nYutak: A\u011f\u0131zdan sonra gelen bo\u015fluktur. A\u011f\u0131zdan gelen lokmalar\u0131 yemek borusuna iletir. Yutak ayn\u0131 zamanda soludu\u011fumuz havay\u0131 soluk borusuna iletir. Bu anlamda yutak, hava ve besin trafi\u011fini kontrol eder.
\nYemek Borusu: Yutaktan mideye kadar uzan\u0131r. 20 – 25 cm uzunlu\u011fundad\u0131r. \u00d6zel hareketlerle besinleri mideye ta\u015f\u0131r.
\nMide: Kar\u0131n bo\u015flu\u011funun \u00fcst b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcnde yer al\u0131r. Yedi\u011fimiz besinler bir s\u00fcre midede kal\u0131r yani mide bir s\u00fcre besinleri depolar. Kas\u0131l\u0131p gev\u015feme hareketleri yaparak besinleri bulama\u00e7 h\u00e2line (\u00e7orba k\u0131vam\u0131) getirir.
\nMide taraf\u0131ndan salg\u0131lanan yak\u0131c\u0131 ve eritici \u00f6zelli\u011fe sahip mide \u00f6z suyu da besinlerin ezilip bulama\u00e7 h\u00e2line gelmesine yard\u0131mc\u0131 olur. Ayr\u0131ca besinlerle midemize gelen mikroplar\u0131 \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fcr. \u00c7orba k\u0131vam\u0131ndaki bu kar\u0131\u015f\u0131m\u0131 mide, ince ba\u011f\u0131rsa\u011fa g\u00f6nderir.
\n\u0130nce Ba\u011f\u0131rsak Kar\u0131n bo\u015flu\u011funda yer al\u0131r. De\u011fi\u015fik salg\u0131lar\u0131n etkisiyle besinler ince ba\u011f\u0131rsakta emilecek duruma gelir. iyice par\u00e7alanan besinler burada kana ge\u00e7er. Besinlerin yararl\u0131 k\u0131s\u0131mlar\u0131 emilince geriye kalan k\u0131s\u0131m kal\u0131n ba\u011f\u0131rsa\u011fa g\u00f6nderilir.
\nKal\u0131n Ba\u011f\u0131rsak: \u0130nce ba\u011f\u0131rsakta emilmeyen, i\u015fe yaramayan art\u0131k maddeler kal\u0131n ba\u011f\u0131rsa\u011fa g\u00f6nderilir. Bu posan\u0131n i\u00e7inde kalan su ve mineraller kal\u0131n ba\u011f\u0131rsakta emilerek kana kar\u0131\u015f\u0131r. Geriye kalan kat\u0131 h\u00e2ldeki maddeler d\u0131\u015fk\u0131 olarak an\u00fcsten at\u0131l\u0131r.
\nAd\u0131m Ad\u0131m Sindirim Olay\u0131
\n1. Besinler, di\u015fler taraf\u0131ndan par\u00e7alanarak \u00f6\u011f\u00fct\u00fcl\u00fcr. T\u00fck\u00fcr\u00fck salg\u0131s\u0131 ile \u0131slan\u0131r, kayganla\u015f\u0131r, yutulacak h\u00e2le gelir. Dil ile yuta\u011fa do\u011fru itilir.
\n2. Yutakta, g\u0131rtlak kapa\u011f\u0131 soluk borusunu kapatarak lokman\u0131n yemek borusuna ge\u00e7mesini sa\u011flar.
\n3. Besinler buradan yava\u015f yava\u015f iner. Mide kapa\u011f\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131l\u0131nca da mideye girer.
\n4. Kas\u0131l\u0131p gev\u015feyerek ve salg\u0131lad\u0131\u011f\u0131 mide \u00f6z suyu ile besinleri bulama\u00e7 h\u00e2line getirir. Besinler mide \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f kap\u0131s\u0131ndan ince ba\u011f\u0131rsa\u011fa ge\u00e7er.
\n5. \u00c7e\u015fitli salg\u0131larla besinler kana kar\u0131\u015facak hale gelir, ince ba\u011f\u0131rsakta ilerlerken besinlerin yararl\u0131 k\u0131s\u0131mlar\u0131 emilerek kana kar\u0131\u015f\u0131r.
\n6. Posa olan maddelerde kalan su ve minareller kal\u0131n ba\u011f\u0131rsakta emilerek kana ge\u00e7er, iyice kat\u0131la\u015fan posa an\u00fcsten d\u0131\u015fk\u0131 olarak d\u0131\u015far\u0131 at\u0131l\u0131r.
\nNot: Sindirim, a\u011f\u0131zda ba\u015flay\u0131p an\u00fcste son bulan bir s\u00fcre\u00e7tir.
\nSindirime Yard\u0131mc\u0131 Organlar
\nKaraci\u011fer ve pankreas sindirici enzimlerle besinlerin sindirimine yard\u0131mc\u0131 olur. Bu organlar salg\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131 ince ba\u011f\u0131rsa\u011fa bo\u015faltarak besinlerin emilimini sa\u011flar.
\nSindirim Yap\u0131 ve Organlar\u0131n\u0131n Sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131
\nMide rahats\u0131zl\u0131klar\u0131 ve sindirim bozukluklar\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6nlemek i\u00e7in a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki hususlara dikkat etmeliyiz.
\n\u2022 Sigara ve alkol kullanmamak
\n\u2022 \u00c7ok ac\u0131 ve \u00e7ok ek\u015fi yememek
\n\u2022 \u00c7ok so\u011fuk ya da \u00e7ok s\u0131cak yeme ve i\u00e7meden sak\u0131nmak
\n\u2022 Besinleri iyice temizlemek, bayat yiyecekler yememek
\n\u2022 Asitli i\u00e7ecekler i\u00e7memek
\nDi\u015fler ve G\u00f6revleri
\nDi\u015flerimizi besinleri \u0131s\u0131rmak, koparmak ve \u00f6\u011f\u00fctmek i\u00e7in kullan\u0131r\u0131z. Di\u015flerimizin \u015fekil ve b\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fckleri birbirinden farkl\u0131d\u0131r. A\u011fz\u0131m\u0131zda g\u00f6rev ve yap\u0131lar\u0131na g\u00f6re kesici di\u015fler, k\u00f6pek ve az\u0131 di\u015fleri olmak \u00fczere \u00fc\u00e7 \u00e7e\u015fit di\u015f vard\u0131r.
\n\u2022 Kesici Di\u015fler: \u00dcst ve alt \u00e7enede d\u00f6rder tane olmak \u00fczere sekiz kesici di\u015f vard\u0131r. Besinleri kesme ve koparma i\u015fine yarar. U\u00e7lar\u0131 d\u00fczg\u00fcnd\u00fcr.
\n\u2022 K\u00f6pek Di\u015fleri: Kesici di\u015flerin sa\u011f\u0131nda ve solunda birer k\u00f6pek di\u015fi vard\u0131r. Alt ve \u00fcst \u00e7enede toplam d\u00f6rt k\u00f6pek di\u015fi bulunur. U\u00e7lar\u0131 sivri olup besinleri kopar\u0131p par\u00e7alama g\u00f6revi yapar.
\n\u2022 Az\u0131 Di\u015fleri: Girintili \u00e7\u0131k\u0131nt\u0131l\u0131 yap\u0131lar\u0131yla besinleri \u00f6\u011f\u00fct\u00fcr. K\u00f6pek di\u015flerinin sa\u011f\u0131nda ve solunda bulunan iki tanesi k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck az\u0131, di\u011ferleri ise b\u00fcy\u00fck az\u0131 olarak adland\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r. Sekiz alt, sekiz \u00fcst \u00e7enede olmak \u00fczere on alt\u0131 az\u0131 di\u015fi vard\u0131r.
\nYirmi Ya\u015f Di\u015fleri: 18-22 ya\u015flar\u0131nda \u00e7\u0131kar. Ak\u0131l di\u015fleri de denir. Alt ve \u00fcst \u00e7enede iki\u015fer tane bulunur.
\nS\u00fct Di\u015fleri: Kal\u0131c\u0131 di\u015fler 7-8 ya\u015flar\u0131nda s\u00fct di\u015fleri d\u00f6k\u00fcld\u00fck\u00e7e \u00e7\u0131kar. Bebekler 6 ayl\u0131kken s\u00fct di\u015fleri \u00e7\u0131kmaya ba\u015flar. 2,5 ya\u015f\u0131na kadar 20 s\u00fct di\u015fi \u00e7\u0131kar. S\u00fct di\u015fleri kal\u0131c\u0131 di\u015flere g\u00f6re daha k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fckt\u00fcr.
\nDi\u015flerin \u00d6nemi ve Sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131
\nDi\u015flerimiz olmasayd\u0131 besinleri kopar\u0131p par\u00e7alayamaz, \u00e7i\u011fneyemezdik. B\u00fct\u00fcn halindeki b\u00fcy\u00fck lokmalar\u0131 yutmam\u0131z \u00e7ok zor olurdu. Midemiz b\u00fcy\u00fck lokmalar\u0131 sindirirken zorlan\u0131rd\u0131.
\nDi\u015flerimiz sa\u011flam olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131nda da besinleri iyi \u00e7i\u011fneyemeyiz. iyi \u00e7i\u011fnenmeden yutulan besinler baz\u0131 sindirim bozukluklar\u0131na neden olur. \u00c7\u00fcr\u00fck di\u015fler,
\n\u2022 A\u011f\u0131z kokusu,
\n\u2022 Di\u015f ve ba\u015f a\u011fr\u0131s\u0131,
\n\u2022 Sindirim sorunlar\u0131na neden olur.
\nDi\u015flerimizin sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 korumak ve g\u00fc\u00e7lendirmek i\u00e7in:
\n\u2022 Beslenmemize dikkat etmeli, yeterince mineral ve A, C, D vitaminleri almal\u0131y\u0131z.
\n\u2022 Sert cisimleri (f\u0131nd\u0131k, ceviz gibi) di\u015flerimizle k\u0131rmamal\u0131y\u0131z. \u00c7ok \u015fekerli besinleri ve asitli i\u00e7ecekleri \u00e7ok t\u00fcketmemeliyiz. \u00c7ok s\u0131cak ya da \u00e7ok so\u011fuk yiyecek ve i\u00e7ecekleri yiyip i\u00e7memeliyiz. Yemeklerden sonra di\u015flerimizi f\u0131r\u00e7alamal\u0131y\u0131z.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
B. BES\u0130NLER\u0130N S\u0130ND\u0130R\u0130M\u0130 Besinler V\u00fccudumuzda Nas\u0131l Ta\u015f\u0131n\u0131r ? B\u00fcy\u00fcyebilmek ve v\u00fccudumuzun sa\u011fl\u0131kl\u0131 \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flayacak enerjiyi \u00fcretebilmek i\u00e7in besleniriz. Enerji v\u00fccudumuzun her yerinde \u00fcretilir: Parmak u\u00e7lar\u0131m\u0131zdan kafam\u0131za kadar… Bu nedenle besinlerin v\u00fccudumuzun her yerine ta\u015f\u0131nmas\u0131 gerekir. Besin, kan arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 ile v\u00fccudumuzun her noktas\u0131na ula\u015f\u0131r. Besinlerin kana kar\u0131\u015fabilmesi i\u00e7in \u00e7ok k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck par\u00e7alara ayr\u0131lmas\u0131 gerekir. Bu i\u015fle g\u00f6revli … Devam\u0131n\u0131 oku…<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1685,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[15],"tags":[16023,16025,16024],"class_list":["post-42257","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-fen-teknoloji","tag-besin","tag-besin-sindirimi","tag-sindirim"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/42257","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1685"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=42257"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/42257\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=42257"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=42257"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=42257"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}