YARGI<\/p>\n
H\u00e2kimlik Teminat\u0131: 1982 Anayasas\u0131 bu teminat\u0131n i\u00e7erisine savc\u0131lar\u0131 da alm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Buna g\u00f6re, h\u00e2kim ve savc\u0131lar azlolunamaz ( su\u00e7 unsuru hari\u00e7 ), kendileri istemedik\u00e7e, anayasada g\u00f6sterilen ya\u015ftan ( 65 ) \u00f6nce emekliye ayr\u0131lamazlar ( olumsuz sa\u011fl\u0131k ko\u015fullar\u0131 hari\u00e7 ).<\/p>\n
1-Y\u00fcksek Mahkemeler<\/p>\n
a) Anayasa Mahkemesi
\n– 11 as\u0131l 4 yedek \u00fcyeden olu\u015fur.
\n– \u00dcyelerini Cumhurba\u015fkan\u0131 se\u00e7er.
\n– Salt \u00e7o\u011funlukla karar verir (Anayasa de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fi iptali ve siyas\u00ee parti kapat\u0131lmas\u0131 kararlar\u0131nda ise, be\u015fte \u00fc\u00e7 oy \u00e7oklu\u011fu aran\u0131r).<\/p>\n
G\u00f6revleri:
\n– Kanunlar, Kanun H\u00fckm\u00fcnde Kararnameler ve TBMM \u0130\u00e7 T\u00fcz\u00fc\u011f\u00fc’ n\u00fcn Anayasaya \u015fekil ve esas bak\u0131m\u0131ndan uygunlu\u011funu denetler. Ola\u011fan\u00fcst\u00fc hallerde, s\u0131k\u0131y\u00f6netim ve sava\u015f hallerinde \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lan kanun H\u00fckm\u00fcnde Kararnamelerin iptali i\u00e7in Anayasa mahkemesi’ne dava a\u00e7\u0131lamaz. \u015eekil bak\u0131m\u0131ndan denetleme, Cumhurba\u015fkan\u0131 veya TBMM \u00fcyelerinin be\u015fte biri taraf\u0131ndan istenebilir. Kanunun yay\u0131nland\u0131\u011f\u0131 tarihten itibaren on g\u00fcn ge\u00e7tikten sonra \u015fekil bozuklu\u011funa dayal\u0131 iptal davas\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131lamaz. Kanunlar\u0131n, Kanun H\u00fckm\u00fcnde Kararnamelerin ve TBMM \u0130\u00e7 T\u00fcz\u00fc\u011f\u00fc’n\u00fcn veya bunlar\u0131n belirli madde ve h\u00fck\u00fcmlerinin \u015fekil ve esas bak\u0131m\u0131ndan anayasaya ayk\u0131r\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 iddias\u0131yla Anayasa Mahkemesi’ne iptal davas\u0131 a\u00e7ma hakk\u0131, Cumhurba\u015fkan\u0131, \u0130ktidar ve ana muhalefet partisi Meclis gruplar\u0131 ile TBMM \u00fcye tam say\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n en az be\u015fte biri tutar\u0131ndaki \u00fcyelere aittir. \u0130ktidarda birden fazla siyas\u00ee partinin bulunmas\u0131 halinde, dava a\u00e7ma hakk\u0131n\u0131 en fazla \u00fcyeye sahip olan parti kullan\u0131r. \u0130ptal davas\u0131 a\u00e7ma hakk\u0131, iptali istenen kanunun Resm\u00ee Gazete’de yay\u0131nlanmas\u0131ndan ba\u015flayarak altm\u0131\u015f g\u00fcn sonra d\u00fc\u015fer. Anayasa Mahkemesi, i\u015fin kendisine geli\u015finden ba\u015flamak \u00fczere be\u015f ay i\u00e7inde karar\u0131n\u0131 verir ve a\u00e7\u0131klar. Bu s\u00fcre i\u00e7inde karara ba\u011flamazsa, y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fckteki kanun h\u00fck\u00fcmlerine g\u00f6re sonu\u00e7land\u0131r\u0131r. Anayasa Mahkemesi kararlar\u0131 kesindir. \u0130ptal kararlar\u0131, gerek\u00e7esi yaz\u0131lmadan a\u00e7\u0131klanamaz. Kanun, Kanun H\u00fckm\u00fcnde Kararname ve Meclis \u0130\u00e7 T\u00fcz\u00fc\u011f\u00fc veya bunlar\u0131n h\u00fck\u00fcmleri, iptal karar\u0131n\u0131n Resm\u00ee Gazete’de yay\u0131nland\u0131\u011f\u0131 tarihte y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fckten kalkar. Gerekli g\u00f6r\u00fcrse Anayasa Mahkemesi, iptal h\u00fckm\u00fcn\u00fcn y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011fe girece\u011fi tarihi ayr\u0131ca kararla\u015ft\u0131rabilir. Bu tarih, karar\u0131n Resm\u00ee Gazete’de yay\u0131nland\u0131\u011f\u0131 g\u00fcnden ba\u015flayarak bir y\u0131l\u0131 ge\u00e7emez. Anayasa Mahkemesi’nin, i\u015fin esas\u0131na girerek verdi\u011fi red karar\u0131n\u0131n Resm\u00ee Gazete’de yay\u0131nlanmas\u0131ndan sonra on y\u0131l ge\u00e7medik\u00e7e ayn\u0131 kanun h\u00fckm\u00fcn\u00fcn Anayasaya ayk\u0131r\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 iddias\u0131yla tekrar ba\u015fvuruda bulunulamaz.
\n– Cumhurba\u015fkan\u0131, Bakanlar Kurulu \u00fcyeleri, Anayasa Mahkemesi, Yarg\u0131tay, Dan\u0131\u015ftay, Asker\u00ee Yarg\u0131tay, Asker\u00ee Y\u00fcksek \u0130dare Mahkemesi ba\u015fkan ve \u00fcyelerini, ba\u015fsavc\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131, Cumhuriyet Ba\u015fsavc\u0131 vekilini, Hakimler ve Savc\u0131lar Y\u00fcksek Kurulu ve Say\u0131\u015ftay Ba\u015fkan ve \u00fcyelerini g\u00f6revleriyle ilgili su\u00e7lardan dolay\u0131 Y\u00fcce Divan s\u0131fat\u0131yla yarg\u0131lar; kararlar\u0131 kesindir.
\n– Yasama dokunulmazl\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131n iptali davalar\u0131na bakar.
\n– Siyas\u00ee partilerin kapat\u0131lma davalar\u0131na bakar (kapatmaya karar verilebilmesi i\u00e7in be\u015fte \u00fc\u00e7 oy \u00e7oklu\u011fu \u015fartt\u0131r. Siyas\u00ee partilerin mal\u00ee denetimini Anayasa Mahkemesi yapar. Ancak Anayasada, Anayasa Mahkemesi’nin G\u00f6revleri ba\u015fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 alt\u0131nda de\u011fil, Siyasi Partilerle \u0130lgili H\u00fck\u00fcmlerin 69. Maddesi’nde yer almakta ve \u201cAnayasa Mahkemesi bu denetim g\u00f6revini yerine getirirken Say\u0131\u015ftay’dan yard\u0131m sa\u011flar. Anayasa Mahkemesi’nin bu denetim sonunda verece\u011fi kararlar kesindir.\u201d denilmektedir).
\n– Uyu\u015fmazl\u0131k Mahkemesi \u00fcyelerini, kendi \u00fcyeleri aras\u0131ndan se\u00e7er.<\/p>\n
b) Yarg\u0131tay
\nAdliye mahkemelerince verilen karar ve h\u00fck\u00fcmlerin son inceleme merciidir. Kanunla g\u00f6sterilen belli davalara da ilk ve son mahkeme olarak bakar. \u00dcyeleri, Hakimler ve Savc\u0131lar Y\u00fcksek Kurulu \u00fcyeleri taraf\u0131ndan se\u00e7ilir.<\/p>\n
c) Dan\u0131\u015ftay
\n\u0130dar\u00ee mahkemelerce verilen karar ve h\u00fck\u00fcmlerin son inceleme merciidir. Kanunla g\u00f6sterilen belli davalara da ilk ve son mahkeme olarak bakar. \u00dcyelerinin \u00be’\u00fc Hakimler ve Savc\u0131lar Y\u00fcksek Kurulu, \u00bc’\u00fc Cumhurba\u015fkan\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan se\u00e7ilir.<\/p>\n
d) Asker\u00ee Yarg\u0131tay
\nAsker\u00ee mahkemelerde verilen karar ve h\u00fck\u00fcmlerin son inceleme merciidir. Ayr\u0131ca asker ki\u015filerin kanunla g\u00f6sterilen belli davalar\u0131na ilk ve son mahkeme olarak bakar. \u00dcyeleri Cumhurba\u015fkan\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan se\u00e7ilir.<\/p>\n
e) Asker\u00ee Y\u00fcksek \u0130dare Mahkemesi
\nAsker ki\u015fileri ilgilendiren ve asker\u00ee hizmete ili\u015fkin idar\u00ee i\u015flem ve eylemlerden do\u011fan uyu\u015fmazl\u0131klar\u0131n yarg\u0131 denetimini yapan ilk ve son mahkemedir. Ancak, askerlik y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnden do\u011fan uyu\u015fmazl\u0131klarda, ilgilinin asker ki\u015fi olmas\u0131 \u015fart\u0131 aranmaz. \u00dcyelerini Cumhurba\u015fkan\u0131 se\u00e7er.<\/p>\n
f) Uyu\u015fmazl\u0131k Mahkemesi
\nAdl\u00ee, idar\u00ee ve asker\u00ee yarg\u0131 merciileri aras\u0131ndaki g\u00f6rev ve h\u00fck\u00fcm uyu\u015fmazl\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 kesin olarak \u00e7\u00f6zmeye yetkilidir. Mahkeme ba\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, Anayasa Mahkemesi taraf\u0131ndan kendi \u00fcyeleri aras\u0131ndan g\u00f6revlendirilen \u00fcye yapar. Di\u011fer mahkemelerle Anayasa Mahkemesi aras\u0131ndaki g\u00f6rev uyu\u015fmazl\u0131klar\u0131nda, Anayasa Mahkemesi’nin karar\u0131 esas al\u0131n\u0131r.<\/p>\n
g) Hakimler ve Savc\u0131lar Y\u00fcksek Kurulu
\nAdl\u00ee ve idar\u00ee h\u00e2kim ve savc\u0131lar\u0131 mesle\u011fe kab\u00fbl etme, atama, nakletme ve terf\u00ee i\u015flemlerini yapar. Ba\u015fkan\u0131 Adalet Bakan\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n
h) Say\u0131\u015ftay
\nGenel ve katma b\u00fct\u00e7eli dairelerin b\u00fct\u00fcn gelir ve giderlerini inceleyen y\u00fcksek hesap mahkemesidir. Say\u0131\u015ftay’\u0131n kesin h\u00fck\u00fcmleri hakk\u0131nda, ilgililer, yaz\u0131l\u0131 bildirim tarihinden itibaren 15 g\u00fcn i\u00e7inde, bir kereye mahsus olmak \u00fczere karar d\u00fczeltilmesi isteminde bulunabilirler. Bu kararlar dolay\u0131s\u0131yla id\u00e2r\u00ee yarg\u0131 yoluna ba\u015fvurulamaz. Vergi, benzeri m\u00e2l\u00ee y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fck ve \u00f6devler hakk\u0131nda Dan\u0131\u015ftay ile Say\u0131\u015ftay kararlar\u0131 aras\u0131ndaki uyu\u015fmazl\u0131klarda, Dan\u0131\u015ftay kararlar\u0131 esas al\u0131n\u0131r.<\/p>\n
NOT : Say\u0131\u015ftay ile Hakimler ve Savc\u0131lar Y\u00fcksek Kurulu, Y\u00fcksek Mahkeme de\u011fildir; o stat\u00fcde say\u0131l\u0131rlar.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
YARGI H\u00e2kimlik Teminat\u0131: 1982 Anayasas\u0131 bu teminat\u0131n i\u00e7erisine savc\u0131lar\u0131 da alm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Buna g\u00f6re, h\u00e2kim ve savc\u0131lar azlolunamaz ( su\u00e7 unsuru hari\u00e7 ), kendileri istemedik\u00e7e, anayasada g\u00f6sterilen ya\u015ftan ( 65 ) \u00f6nce emekliye ayr\u0131lamazlar ( olumsuz sa\u011fl\u0131k ko\u015fullar\u0131 hari\u00e7 ). 1-Y\u00fcksek Mahkemeler a) Anayasa Mahkemesi – 11 as\u0131l 4 yedek \u00fcyeden olu\u015fur. – \u00dcyelerini Cumhurba\u015fkan\u0131 se\u00e7er. … Devam\u0131n\u0131 oku…<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1686,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[15110],"tags":[15274,617,15273],"class_list":["post-41333","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-vatandaslik","tag-kpss-yargi","tag-yargi","tag-yargi-konu-ozeti"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/41333","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1686"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=41333"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/41333\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=41333"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=41333"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=41333"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}