{"id":40776,"date":"2013-01-04T22:59:07","date_gmt":"2013-01-04T20:59:07","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/?p=40776"},"modified":"2013-01-04T22:59:08","modified_gmt":"2013-01-04T20:59:08","slug":"hucre-zarisitoplazma-ve-cekirdek","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/hucre-zarisitoplazma-ve-cekirdek.html","title":{"rendered":"H\u00fccre Zar\u0131,Sitoplazma ve \u00c7ekirdek"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/hucre-zarisitoplazma-ve-cekirdek.html\/hczr\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-40777\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignleft size-full wp-image-40777\" alt=\"hczr\" src=\"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/01\/hczr.jpg\" width=\"229\" height=\"189\" \/><\/a>H\u00fccre Zar\u0131:<br \/>\nH\u00fccrenin en d\u0131\u015f k\u0131sm\u0131nda bulunur. G\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde kabul edilen zar modeli \u201cAk\u0131c\u0131 Mozaik Zar Modeli\u201ddir.<br \/>\nH\u00fccre zar\u0131 canl\u0131 olup protein ve ya\u011f (lipit) molek\u00fcllerinden olu\u015fur. H\u00fccreye girip \u00e7\u0131kan maddeleri kontrol eder. Saydam ve esnek bir yap\u0131dad\u0131r.<br \/>\nBitki h\u00fccrelerinde zardan ba\u015fka bir de h\u00fccre duvar\u0131 (\u00e7eperi) vard\u0131r. H\u00fccre duvar\u0131 cans\u0131z olup sel\u00fclozdan yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Hayvansal h\u00fccrelerde bu duvar yoktur.<br \/>\nSitoplazma :<br \/>\nH\u00fccre zar\u0131 ile \u00e7ekirdek aras\u0131nda yer al\u0131r. Canl\u0131 olup,suda \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcnmeyen,zardan ge\u00e7meyen (Kolloidal) yar\u0131 saydam bir s\u0131v\u0131d\u0131r.<br \/>\nSitoplazman\u0131n % 60-90 \u0131n\u0131 su,geri kalan k\u0131sm\u0131n\u0131 proteinler,ya\u011flar,enzimler,hormonlar ve \u00e7e\u015fitli mineraller olu\u015fturur.<br \/>\nSitoplazmada her biri farkl\u0131 g\u00f6revleri olan \u00e7ok k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck yap\u0131lar vard\u0131r. Bunlara organel denir.Organele organc\u0131kta denir.<br \/>\nSitoplazmadaki Organeller :<br \/>\nMitokondri : Sitoplazmada da\u011f\u0131n\u0131k olarak bulunur,h\u00fccrenin enerji santralleridir. Besin maddeleri oksijenle yak\u0131larak enerji elde edilir.<br \/>\nRibozom : H\u00fccrede gerekli olan protein sentezlenmesin de g\u00f6revlidirler.<br \/>\nEndoplazmik Retikulum : H\u00fccre zar\u0131 ile \u00e7ekirdek aras\u0131ndaki kanallard\u0131r. Madde iletimini sa\u011flarlar.<br \/>\nGolgi Ayg\u0131t\u0131 : H\u00fccrede olu\u015fan salg\u0131lar\u0131n paketlenmesini sa\u011flar.<br \/>\nSentrozom : Sadece hayvan h\u00fccresinde bulunur,h\u00fccre b\u00f6l\u00fcnmesi s\u0131ras\u0131nda i\u011f ipliklerinin olu\u015fumunu sa\u011flarlar.<br \/>\nLizozomlar : Sindirim enzimlerini ta\u015f\u0131rlar.Enzimler sayesinde b\u00fcy\u00fck molek\u00fcll\u00fc besinler par\u00e7alan\u0131r.<br \/>\nKofullar : H\u00fccrede madde depolanmas\u0131nda g\u00f6rev ald\u0131klar\u0131 gibi bo\u015falt\u0131m g\u00f6revlerini yaparlar.<br \/>\nPlastitler: Sadece bitki h\u00fccresinde bulunurlar besin maddelerinin yap\u0131m\u0131nda ve depolanmas\u0131nda g\u00f6revlidirler.<br \/>\nPlastitler 3 \u00e7e\u015fittir.<br \/>\n1-Kloroplastlar: Bitkilerin yapraklar\u0131nda bulunur.Bitkiye ye\u015fil rengi verir. Yap\u0131s\u0131nda bulundurdu\u011fu klorofil pigmenti sayesinde fotosentez yaparak besin \u00fcretir.<br \/>\n2-Kromoplast : Bitkilerin g\u00f6vdelerinde bulunur.Bitkiye ye\u015fil d\u0131\u015f\u0131ndaki k\u0131rm\u0131z\u0131, turuncu ve sar\u0131 gibi renkleri verir. Bitkilerde \u00fcremeyi kolayla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131r.<br \/>\n3-L\u00f6koplastlard\u0131r: Bitkilerin k\u00f6klerinde bulunur.Renksizdirler. Yap\u0131lar\u0131nda ya\u011f, ni\u015fasta, protein ve sel\u00fcloz gibi besin<br \/>\nmaddelerini depo ederler.<br \/>\n\u00c7ekirdek<br \/>\n\u00c7ekirdek, h\u00fccrenin y\u00f6netim ve kontrol merkezidir. H\u00fccrelerin b\u00f6l\u00fcnmesini, b\u00fcy\u00fcmesini, onar\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 ve canl\u0131l\u0131k faaliyetlerinin devam\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flar. Sitoplazma i\u00e7erisinde yer alan en b\u00fcy\u00fck yap\u0131d\u0131r. Sitoplazmadan daha yo\u011fun ve koyu renklidir. D\u00f6rt k\u0131s\u0131mdan olu\u015fur. Bu k\u0131s\u0131mlar \u00e7ekirdek zar\u0131, \u00e7ekirdek \u00f6z suyu,\u00e7ekirdek\u00e7ik ve kromatin ipliklerdir.<br \/>\nI-\u00c7ekirdek zar\u0131 : \u00c7ekirde\u011fi sitoplazmadan ay\u0131r\u0131r. H\u00fccre zar\u0131 gibi \u00e7ift katl\u0131 yap\u0131dad\u0131r. D\u0131\u015f zar endoplazmik retikuluma ba\u011fl\u0131d\u0131r. \u00c7ekirdek zar\u0131 \u00fczerinde maddelerin ge\u00e7mesini sa\u011flayan porlar vard\u0131r. Sitoplazma ile \u00e7ekirdek aras\u0131nda besin al\u0131\u015f veri\u015fi sa\u011flar.<br \/>\nII-\u00c7ekirdek \u00f6z suyu : \u00d6zelli\u011fi sitoplazmaya benzer.Yap\u0131s\u0131nda besinler ve n\u00fckleik asitler vard\u0131r.<br \/>\nIII-\u00c7ekirdek\u00e7ik : H\u00fccre \u00f6z suyu i\u00e7erisinde,h\u00fccre \u00f6z suyunun yo\u011funla\u015f\u0131p saydamla\u015fmas\u0131ndan olu\u015fur. H\u00fccre b\u00f6l\u00fcnmesi s\u0131ras\u0131nda eriyerek kaybolur. Bir veya birka\u00e7 tane olabilir. Yap\u0131s\u0131nda RNA n\u00fckleik asitlerive kromozom bulunur.<br \/>\nIV-Kromatin iplikler : \u00c7ekirdek i\u00e7inde a\u011f \u015feklinde bir yap\u0131dad\u0131r. H\u00fccre b\u00f6l\u00fcnmesi s\u0131ras\u0131nda k\u0131sal\u0131r, k\u0131vr\u0131l\u0131r ve kal\u0131nla\u015farak kromozomlar\u0131 olu\u015fturur. Kromozomlar\u0131n yap\u0131s\u0131nda DNA n\u00fckleik asitleri ve protein bulunur. Kromozomlarda yer alan ve ad\u0131na \u201cgen\u201d denilen yap\u0131lar canl\u0131 t\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fcn \u00f6zelliklerini sonraki nesillere aktar\u0131r. Bu sayede yavru,ebeveyninin ( anne ve babas\u0131n\u0131n ) \u00f6zelliklerini ta\u015f\u0131r.<br \/>\n\u00b7 Her h\u00fccrede \u00e7ekirdek bulunmaz \u00f6rne\u011fin kandaki alyuvarlar h\u00fccrelerinin \u00e7ekirde<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>H\u00fccre Zar\u0131: H\u00fccrenin en d\u0131\u015f k\u0131sm\u0131nda bulunur. G\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde kabul edilen zar modeli \u201cAk\u0131c\u0131 Mozaik Zar Modeli\u201ddir. H\u00fccre zar\u0131 canl\u0131 olup protein ve ya\u011f (lipit) molek\u00fcllerinden olu\u015fur. H\u00fccreye girip \u00e7\u0131kan maddeleri kontrol eder. Saydam ve esnek bir yap\u0131dad\u0131r. Bitki h\u00fccrelerinde zardan ba\u015fka bir de h\u00fccre duvar\u0131 (\u00e7eperi) vard\u0131r. H\u00fccre duvar\u0131 cans\u0131z olup sel\u00fclozdan yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Hayvansal h\u00fccrelerde &#8230; <a title=\"H\u00fccre Zar\u0131,Sitoplazma ve \u00c7ekirdek\" class=\"read-more\" href=\"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/hucre-zarisitoplazma-ve-cekirdek.html\" aria-label=\"More on H\u00fccre Zar\u0131,Sitoplazma ve \u00c7ekirdek\">Devam\u0131n\u0131 oku&#8230;<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1685,"featured_media":40777,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[15],"tags":[14798,14796,14797],"class_list":["post-40776","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-fen-teknoloji","tag-cekirdek","tag-hucre-zari","tag-sitoplazma"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/40776","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1685"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=40776"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/40776\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/40777"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=40776"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=40776"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=40776"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}