Periyodik cetvelin IB grubunda yer alan sar\u0131 renkte soy metal. Do\u011fada serbest h\u00e2lde, al\u00fcvyon yataklar\u0131nda kum ile kar\u0131\u015fm\u0131\u015f par\u00e7ac\u0131klar h\u00e2linde kuvars kayalar i\u00e7inde da\u011f\u0131lm\u0131\u015f olarak bulunur. Demirli pirit, kalkopirit, galen ve g\u00fcm\u00fc\u015fle birlikte, ayr\u0131ca tell\u00fcrle yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 AuTe2 ve AuAgTe4 do\u011fal bile\u015fikleri h\u00e2linde bulunur. Alt\u0131n, \u00e7ok kolay d\u00f6v\u00fcl\u00fcp \u00e7ekilebilen, yumu\u015fak bir metaldir. Bir gram\u0131 2 kilometrelik tel h\u00e2line getirilebilir. \u00d6nce par\u015f\u00f6men aras\u0131nda, sonra da varak\u00e7\u0131 derisi aras\u0131nda d\u00f6v\u00fclerek 147 milimikron (1,47×10-7m.) incelikte alt\u0131n varak yap\u0131labilmi\u015ftir. Alt\u0131n, elektri\u011fi ve \u0131s\u0131y\u0131 \u00e7ok iyi iletir. A\u00e7\u0131k havada b\u0131rak\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda oksitlenmez. Bazlar ve saf asitlerden etkilenmeyip yaln\u0131zca alt\u0131nsuyunda \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fcr. Halojenlerle, ancak \u0131s\u0131t\u0131l\u0131nca birle\u015fir. Alt\u0131n en \u00e7ok G\u00fcney Afrika Cumhuriyeti’nde (d\u00fcnya alt\u0131n arz\u0131n\u0131n % 75’i), Rusya, Kanada ve ABD’de \u00fcretilir. Elde edilme y\u00f6ntemleri basittir. Hidrolik y\u00f6ntemde, su p\u00fcsk\u00fcrt\u00fclerek y\u0131kanan al\u00fcvyondan, daha hafif olan kum ve ta\u015flar s\u00fcr\u00fcklenir, alt\u0131n kal\u0131r. Malgamalama y\u00f6nteminde, kuvars filizleri d\u00f6v\u00fcl\u00fcr, suyla kar\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131larak \u00e7amur h\u00e2linde, malgamalanm\u0131\u015f bak\u0131r levhalardan ak\u0131t\u0131l\u0131r. Bu s\u0131rada alt\u0131n, c\u0131vayla malgama yapar. Malgama dam\u0131t\u0131l\u0131nca c\u0131va ayr\u0131\u015f\u0131r, alt\u0131n elde edilir. Siyan\u00fcr y\u00f6ntemi, fakir cevherlere uygulan\u0131r. Toz h\u00e2line getirilip bol suyla kar\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lan cevher \u00fczerine, sodyum siyan\u00fcr (NaCN) il\u00e2ve edilir. Havan\u0131n da etkisiyle, NaAu(CN)2 kompleks bile\u015fi\u011fi olu\u015fur. Bu da \u00e7inkoyla tepkimeye sokularak alt\u0131n a\u00e7\u0131\u011fa \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131l\u0131r. Klor\u00fcrlendirme y\u00f6nteminde, cevher \u00e7ok ince toz h\u00e2line getirilerek nemli klor gaz\u0131yla muamele edilir. B\u00f6ylece AuCI3 elde edilir. Suda \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcnen bu tuz, FeSO4 ile indirgenerek metalik alt\u0131n elde edilir. Alt\u0131n, para ve s\u00fcs e\u015fyas\u0131 yap\u0131m\u0131nda kullan\u0131lagelmi\u015ftir. Saf olarak kullan\u0131lmayacak kadar yumu\u015fakt\u0131r. Bu haliyle daha \u00e7ok k\u00fcl\u00e7e bi\u00e7iminde merkez bankalar\u0131nda rezerv olarak ve piyasada spek\u00fclatif ama\u00e7larla kullan\u0131l\u0131r. S\u00fcs e\u015fyas\u0131 yap\u0131m\u0131nda, sert olmas\u0131 i\u00e7in alt\u0131na bak\u0131r kar\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r. Saf alt\u0131n 24 ayar olmak \u00fczere ala\u015f\u0131mlar\u0131, 24 birim i\u00e7indeki alt\u0131n miktar\u0131 olarak, 22 ayar, 18 ayar bi\u00e7iminde belirtilir. Alt\u0131n, di\u015f\u00e7ilikte kaplama malzemesi olarak, teknikte de, \u00e7ok duyarl\u0131 ve korozyonsuz olmas\u0131 istenen bas\u0131l\u0131 devrelerde ve \u00f6teki elektrik devrelerinde, \u00f6rne\u011fin uzay ara\u00e7lar\u0131nda kullan\u0131l\u0131r. Ayr\u0131ca uzayda g\u00f6r\u00fclen yo\u011fun g\u00fcne\u015f radyasyonuna kar\u015f\u0131 da iyi bir engel olu\u015fturur. Kimya sanayiinde de alt\u0131n, korozyona kar\u015f\u0131 kullan\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Periyodik cetvelin IB grubunda yer alan sar\u0131 renkte soy metal. Do\u011fada serbest h\u00e2lde, al\u00fcvyon yataklar\u0131nda kum ile kar\u0131\u015fm\u0131\u015f par\u00e7ac\u0131klar h\u00e2linde kuvars kayalar i\u00e7inde da\u011f\u0131lm\u0131\u015f olarak bulunur. Demirli pirit, kalkopirit, galen ve g\u00fcm\u00fc\u015fle birlikte, ayr\u0131ca tell\u00fcrle yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 AuTe2 ve AuAgTe4 do\u011fal bile\u015fikleri h\u00e2linde bulunur. Alt\u0131n, \u00e7ok kolay d\u00f6v\u00fcl\u00fcp \u00e7ekilebilen, yumu\u015fak bir metaldir. Bir gram\u0131 2 kilometrelik … Devam\u0131n\u0131 oku…<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1686,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[12783,13916],"tags":[14655,14656],"class_list":["post-40635","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-kimya-dn","category-nedir","tag-altin","tag-altin-nedir"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/40635","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1686"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=40635"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/40635\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=40635"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=40635"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=40635"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}