T\u00fcrk Kurtulu\u015f Sava\u015f\u0131’n\u0131n ve T\u00fcrk \u0130nk\u0131l\u00e2plar\u0131n\u0131n b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6nderi T\u00fcrkiye Cumhuriyeti’nin kurucusu Mustafa Kemal Atat\u00fcrk’\u00fcn, T\u00fcrk vatan\u0131n\u0131n ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 kazanmas\u0131 i\u00e7in giri\u015fti\u011fi sava\u015f ve T\u00fcrk milletini \u00e7a\u011fda\u015f uygarl\u0131k seviyesine ula\u015ft\u0131rmak amac\u0131yla ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirdi\u011fi ink\u0131l\u00e2plarla ge\u00e7en ya\u015fam\u0131 57 y\u0131l s\u00fcrm\u00fc\u015f ve B\u00fcy\u00fck \u00d6nder 10 Kas\u0131m 1938’de ebediyete intikal etmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n
Mustafa Kemal Atat\u00fcrk, T\u00fcrkiye’yi b\u00fct\u00fcn kurumlar\u0131 ile \u00e7a\u011fda\u015f uygarl\u0131\u011f\u0131n bir \u00fcyesi yapan, insanl\u0131k tarihine mal olmu\u015f b\u00fcy\u00fck bir \u00f6nderdir. O’nun y\u00fcceli\u011fini her y\u00f6n\u00fcyle temsil edecek, ilke ve ink\u0131l\u00e2plar\u0131 ile \u00e7a\u011fda\u015fla\u015fmaya y\u00f6nelik d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncelerini yans\u0131tacak bir an\u0131tmezar yapma fikri, Atat\u00fcrk’\u00fc kaybetmenin derin h\u00fczn\u00fc i\u00e7indeki T\u00fcrk milletinin ortak iste\u011fi olarak belirmi\u015f ve yap\u0131m\u0131na karar verilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n
RASATTEPE (ANITTEPE)<\/p>\n
An\u0131tkabir yap\u0131lmadan \u00f6nce rasat istasyonu bulunmas\u0131 dolay\u0131s\u0131yla An\u0131ttepe’nin ismi Rasattepe idi.<\/p>\n
Bu tepede, M.\u00d6 12. y\u00fczy\u0131lda Anadolu’da devlet kuran Frig uygarl\u0131\u011f\u0131na ait t\u00fcm\u00fcl\u00fcsler (mezar yap\u0131lar\u0131) bulunmaktayd\u0131. An\u0131tkabir’in Rasattepe’de yap\u0131lmas\u0131na karar verildikten sonra bu t\u00fcm\u00fcl\u00fcslerin kald\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 i\u00e7in arkeolojik kaz\u0131lar yap\u0131ld\u0131. Bu t\u00fcm\u00fcl\u00fcslerden \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lan eserler, Anadolu Medeniyetleri M\u00fczesi’nde sergilenmektedir.<\/p>\n
ANITKAB\u0130R’\u0130N \u0130N\u015eAASI<\/p>\n
An\u0131tkabir projesinin belirlenmesinden sonra, in\u015faat\u0131n ba\u015flayabilmesi i\u00e7in ilk a\u015famada kamula\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lma \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131na ba\u015fland\u0131. An\u0131tkabir’in in\u015faat\u0131 ise 9 Ekim 1944’de g\u00f6rkemli bir temel atma t\u00f6reni ile ba\u015flad\u0131. An\u0131tkabir’in in\u015fas\u0131 9 y\u0131ll\u0131k bir s\u00fcre i\u00e7inde 4 a\u015famal\u0131 olarak yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n
Birinci K\u0131s\u0131m \u0130n\u015faat: 1944-1945
\nToprak seviyesi ve aslanl\u0131 yolun istinat duvar\u0131n\u0131n yap\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 kapsayan birinci k\u0131s\u0131m in\u015faata 9 Ekim 1944’te ba\u015flam\u0131\u015f ve 1945’te tamamlanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n
\u0130kinci K\u0131s\u0131m \u0130n\u015faat: 1945-1950
\nMozole ve t\u00f6ren meydan\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7evreleyen yard\u0131mc\u0131 binalar\u0131n yap\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 kapsayan ikinci k\u0131s\u0131m in\u015faat 29 Eyl\u00fcl 1945’te ba\u015flam\u0131\u015f, 8 A\u011fustos 1950’de tamamlanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu a\u015famada in\u015faat\u0131n k\u00e2gir ve betonarme yap\u0131 sistemine g\u00f6re, temel bas\u0131nc\u0131n\u0131n azalt\u0131lmas\u0131 g\u00f6z \u00f6n\u00fcnde tutularak, an\u0131t k\u00fctlesinin “temel projesinin” haz\u0131rlanmas\u0131 kararla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. 1947 y\u0131l\u0131 sonuna kadar mozolenin temel kaz\u0131s\u0131 ve izolasyonu tamamlanm\u0131\u015f ve her t\u00fcrl\u00fc \u00e7\u00f6k\u00fcnt\u00fcleri engelleyecek olan 11 metre y\u00fcksekli\u011finde betonarme temel sisteminin demir montaj\u0131 bitirilme a\u015famas\u0131na gelmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n
Giri\u015f kuleleri ile yol d\u00fczeninin \u00f6nemli bir k\u0131sm\u0131, fidanl\u0131k tesisi, a\u011fa\u00e7land\u0131rma \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 ve arazinin sulama sisteminin b\u00fcy\u00fck bir b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc tamamlanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n
\u00dc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc K\u0131s\u0131m \u0130n\u015faat: 1950
\nAn\u0131tkabir \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc k\u0131s\u0131m in\u015faat\u0131, an\u0131ta \u00e7\u0131kan yollar, aslanl\u0131 yol, t\u00f6ren meydan\u0131 ve mozole \u00fcst d\u00f6\u015femesinin ta\u015f kaplamas\u0131, merdiven basamaklar\u0131n\u0131n yap\u0131lmas\u0131, lahit ta\u015f\u0131n\u0131n yerine konmas\u0131 ve tesisat i\u015flerinin yap\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 kaps\u0131yordu.<\/p>\n
D\u00f6rd\u00fcnc\u00fc K\u0131s\u0131m \u0130n\u015faat: 1950-1953
\nAn\u0131tkabir’in 4. k\u0131s\u0131m in\u015faat\u0131 ise \u015feref hol\u00fc d\u00f6\u015femesi, tonozlar alt d\u00f6\u015femeleri ve \u015feref hol\u00fc \u00e7evresi ta\u015f profilleri ile sa\u00e7ak s\u00fcslemelerinin yap\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 kaps\u0131yordu. D\u00f6rd\u00fcnc\u00fc k\u0131s\u0131m in\u015faat 20 Kas\u0131m 1950’de ba\u015flam\u0131\u015f ve 1 Eyl\u00fcl 1953’te bitirilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n
“An\u0131tkabir Projesi”nde mozolenin kolonat \u00fcst\u00fcnde y\u00fckselen tonoz bir b\u00f6l\u00fcm vard\u0131. 4 Aral\u0131k 1951 tarihinde h\u00fck\u00fcmet, \u015feref hol\u00fcn\u00fcn 28 m.lik y\u00fcksekli\u011finin azalt\u0131lmas\u0131 ile yap\u0131n\u0131n daha \u00e7abuk bitirilmesinin m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 mimarlara sordu.<\/p>\n
Mimarlar yapt\u0131klar\u0131 \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar sonunda \u015feref hol\u00fcn\u00fc ta\u015f bir tonoz yerine, bir betonarme tavan ile \u00f6rtmenin m\u00fcmk\u00fcn oldu\u011funu bildirdiler. B\u00f6ylece tonoz yap\u0131n\u0131n zemine verece\u011fi a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131k ve bunun do\u011furaca\u011f\u0131 teknik mahzurlar da ortadan kalk\u0131yordu.<\/p>\n
An\u0131tkabir yap\u0131m\u0131nda beton \u00fczerine d\u0131\u015f kaplama malzemesi olarak kolay i\u015flenebilen g\u00f6zenekli, \u00e7e\u015fitli renklerde traverten, mozole i\u00e7i kaplamalar\u0131nda ise mermer kullan\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n
Heykel gruplar\u0131, aslan heykelleri ve mozole kolonlar\u0131nda kullan\u0131lan beyaz travertenler Kayseri P\u0131narba\u015f\u0131 \u0130l\u00e7esi’nden, kulenin i\u00e7 duvarlar\u0131nda kullan\u0131lan beyaz travertenler ise Polatl\u0131 ve Mal\u0131k\u00f6y’den getirilmi\u015ftir. Kayseri Bo\u011fazk\u00f6pr\u00fc mevkiinden getirilen siyah ve k\u0131rm\u0131z\u0131 travertenler t\u00f6ren meydan\u0131 ve kulelerin zemin d\u00f6\u015femelerinde, \u00c7ank\u0131r\u0131 Eskipazar’dan getirilen sar\u0131 travertenler zafer kabartmalar\u0131, \u015feref hol\u00fc d\u0131\u015f, duvarlar\u0131 ve t\u00f6ren meydan\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7evreleyen kolonlar\u0131n yap\u0131m\u0131nda kullan\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n
\u015eeref hol\u00fcn\u00fcn zemininde kullan\u0131lan krem, k\u0131rm\u0131z\u0131 ve siyah mermerler \u00c7anakkale, Hatay ve Adana’dan, \u015feref hol\u00fc i\u00e7 yan duvarlar\u0131nda kullan\u0131lan kaplan postu Afyon’dan, ye\u015fil renk mermer Bilecik’ten getirilmi\u015ftir. 40 ton a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131ndaki yekpare lahit ta\u015f\u0131 Adana’n\u0131n Osmaniye \u0130l\u00e7esi’nden, lahitin yan duvarlar\u0131n\u0131 kaplayan beyaz mermer ise Afyon’dan getirilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n
ANITKAB\u0130R’\u0130N M\u0130MAR\u0130 \u00d6ZELL\u0130KLER\u0130<\/p>\n
T\u00fcrk mimarl\u0131\u011f\u0131nda 1940-1950 y\u0131llar\u0131 aras\u0131, “II. Ulusal Mimarl\u0131k D\u00f6nemi” olarak adland\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r. Bu d\u00f6nemde daha \u00e7ok an\u0131tsal y\u00f6n\u00fc a\u011f\u0131r basan, simetriye \u00f6nem veren, kesme ta\u015f malzemenin kullan\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 binalar yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. An\u0131tkabir bu d\u00f6nemin \u00f6zelliklerini ta\u015f\u0131maktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n
Bu d\u00f6nem \u00f6zellikleri ile birlikte An\u0131tkabir’de Sel\u00e7uklu ve Osmanl\u0131 mimari \u00f6zelliklerine ve s\u00fcsleme \u00f6\u011felerine s\u0131k\u00e7a rastlan\u0131r.<\/p>\n
\u00d6rne\u011fin d\u0131\u015f cephelerde, duvarlar\u0131n \u00e7at\u0131 ile birle\u015fti\u011fi yerde kuleleri d\u00f6rt yandan saran Sel\u00e7uklu ta\u015f i\u015f\u00e7ili\u011finde testere di\u015fi olarak adland\u0131r\u0131lan bord\u00fcr bulunmaktad\u0131r. Ayr\u0131ca An\u0131tkabir’in baz\u0131 yerlerinde (Mehmet\u00e7ik Kulesi, M\u00fcze M\u00fcd\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc) kullan\u0131lan \u00e7ark\u0131felek ve rozet denilen ta\u015f s\u00fcslemeler Sel\u00e7uklu ve Osmanl\u0131 sanat\u0131nda da g\u00f6ze \u00e7arpmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n
B\u00fct\u00fcn bu \u00f6zellikleriyle yap\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 d\u00f6nemin en iyi \u00f6rneklerinden biri olan An\u0131tkabir yakla\u015f\u0131k 750.000 m\u00b2 lik bir alan\u0131 kaplamakta olup, Bar\u0131\u015f Park\u0131 ve An\u0131t Bloku olarak iki k\u0131sma ayr\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n
A- BARI\u015e PARKI<\/p>\n
An\u0131tkabir; Atat\u00fcrk’\u00fcn “Yurtta Sulh, Cihanda Sulh” \u00f6zdeyi\u015finden ilham al\u0131narak, \u00e7e\u015fitli yabanc\u0131 \u00fclkelerden ve T\u00fcrkiye’nin baz\u0131 b\u00f6lgelerinden getirilen fidanlarla olu\u015fturulan Bar\u0131\u015f Park\u0131 i\u00e7inde y\u00fckselmektedir.<\/p>\n
Afganistan, A.B.D., Almanya, Avusturya, Bel\u00e7ika, \u00c7in, Danimarka, Finlandiya, Fransa, Hindistan, Irak, \u0130ngiltere, \u0130spanya, \u0130srail, \u0130sve\u00e7, \u0130talya, Japonya, Kanada, K\u0131br\u0131s, M\u0131s\u0131r, Norve\u00e7, Portekiz, Yugoslavya ve Yunanistan’dan \u00e7e\u015fitli a\u011fa\u00e7 ve fidanlar getirilmi\u015ftir. Bug\u00fcn Bar\u0131\u015f Park\u0131’nda 104 ayr\u0131 t\u00fcrden yakla\u015f\u0131k 48.500 adet s\u00fcs a\u011fac\u0131, a\u011fa\u00e7\u00e7\u0131k ve s\u00fcs bitkisi bulunmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n
B- ANIT BLOKU<\/p>\n
An\u0131tkabir An\u0131t Bloku \u00fc\u00e7 b\u00f6l\u00fcmden olu\u015fmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n
1- Aslanl\u0131 Yol
\n2- T\u00f6ren Meydan\u0131
\n3- Mozole<\/p>\n
An\u0131tkabir’e Tando\u011fan kap\u0131s\u0131ndan girildi\u011finde Bar\u0131\u015f Park\u0131 i\u00e7erisinde uzanan yoldan Aslanl\u0131 Yol ba\u015f\u0131ndaki 26 basamakl\u0131 geni\u015f merdivenlere ula\u015f\u0131l\u0131r. Merdivenin hemen ba\u015f\u0131nda kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131kl\u0131 olarak istiklal ve h\u00fcrriyet kuleleri yer al\u0131r.<\/p>\n
An\u0131tkabir yap\u0131 toplulu\u011fu i\u00e7inde, simetri g\u00f6zetilerek yerle\u015ftirilmi\u015f olan on adet kule vard\u0131r. Bu kulelere ulusumuzun ve devletimizin olu\u015fumunda b\u00fcy\u00fck tesirleri olan y\u00fcce kavramlar\u0131 temsil eden isimler verilmi\u015ftir. Kuleler, plan ve yap\u0131 bak\u0131m\u0131ndan birbirinin benzeridir. Kareye yak\u0131n 12 x14 x7,20 m. boyutlar\u0131nda dikd\u00f6rtgen plan \u00fczerine kurulmu\u015f olan kulelerin \u00fczeri piramit bi\u00e7iminde \u00e7at\u0131larla \u00f6rt\u00fcl\u00fcd\u00fcr. \u00c7at\u0131lar\u0131n tepelerinde, eski T\u00fcrk \u00e7ad\u0131rlar\u0131nda g\u00f6r\u00fclen tun\u00e7 m\u0131zrak ucu vard\u0131r. Eski T\u00fcrk kilim desenlerinden al\u0131nm\u0131\u015f geometrik s\u00fcslemeler, fresk tekni\u011finde uygulanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n
Ayr\u0131ca kulelerin i\u00e7 duvarlar\u0131nda, o kulenin ismiyle ilgili bir kompozisyon ve Atat\u00fcrk’\u00fcn \u00f6zl\u00fc s\u00f6zleri bulunmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n
\u0130ST\u0130KLAL KULES\u0130<\/p>\n
Aslanl\u0131 yolun sa\u011f ba\u015f\u0131ndaki \u0130stiklal Kulesi’nin i\u00e7 duvarlar\u0131nda bulunan kabartmada, ayakta duran ve iki eliyle k\u0131l\u0131\u00e7 tutan bir gencin yan\u0131nda bir kaya \u00fczerine konmu\u015f kartal fig\u00fcr\u00fc g\u00f6r\u00fclmektedir. Kartal, mitolojide ve Sel\u00e7uklu sanat\u0131nda g\u00fcc\u00fcn, istikl\u00e2l ve ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131n sembol\u00fc olarak tasvir edilmi\u015ftir. K\u0131l\u0131\u00e7 tutan gen\u00e7 ise istiklali savunan T\u00fcrk milletini temsil etmektedir. Kabartma Z\u00fcht\u00fc M\u00fcrido\u011flu’nun eseridir.<\/p>\n
Ayr\u0131ca kule duvarlar\u0131nda yaz\u0131 bord\u00fcr\u00fc olarak Atat\u00fcrk’\u00fcn istiklalle ilgili \u015fu s\u00f6zleri yer almaktad\u0131r:<\/p>\n
“Ulusumuz en korkun\u00e7 yok olu\u015fla son buluyor gibi g\u00f6r\u00fcnm\u00fc\u015fken, tutsak edilmesine kar\u015f\u0131 evlad\u0131n\u0131 ayaklanmaya davet eden atalar\u0131n\u0131n sesi, kalplerimiz i\u00e7inde y\u00fckseldi ve bizi son Kurtulu\u015f Sava\u015f\u0131’na \u00e7a\u011f\u0131rd\u0131.” (1921)<\/p>\n
“Hayat demek sava\u015fma, \u00e7arp\u0131\u015fma demektir. Hayatta ba\u015far\u0131 kesinlikle sava\u015fta ba\u015far\u0131 kazanmakla m\u00fcmk\u00fcnd\u00fcr.” (1927)<\/p>\n
“Biz hayat ve ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131k isteyen ulusuz ve yaln\u0131z ve ancak bunun i\u00e7in hayat\u0131m\u0131z\u0131 hi\u00e7e sayar\u0131z.” (1921)<\/p>\n
“\u0130nsaf ve merhamet dilenmek gibi bir prensip yoktur. T\u00fcrk ulusu, T\u00fcrkiye’nin gelecekteki \u00e7ocuklar\u0131, bunu bir an hat\u0131rdan \u00e7\u0131karmamal\u0131d\u0131rlar.” (1927)<\/p>\n
“Bu ulus ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131ktan yoksun olarak ya\u015famam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r, ya\u015f\u0131yamaz ve ya\u015fam\u0131yacakt\u0131r, ya istiklal ya \u00f6l\u00fcm.” (1919)<\/p>\n
Kulenin i\u00e7inde ise An\u0131tkabir maketi ile An\u0131tkabir’i tan\u0131t\u0131c\u0131 \u0131\u015f\u0131kl\u0131 panolar bulunmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n
H\u00dcRR\u0130YET KULES\u0130<\/p>\n
Aslanl\u0131 Yol’un sol ba\u015f\u0131nda bulunan H\u00fcrriyet Kulesi i\u00e7indeki kabartmada; elinde ka\u011f\u0131t tutan melek fig\u00fcr\u00fc ile mele\u011fin yan\u0131nda \u015faha kalkm\u0131\u015f bir at tasvir edilmi\u015ftir. Melek fig\u00fcr\u00fc ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131n kutsall\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, elindeki ka\u011f\u0131t “H\u00fcrriyet Beyannamesi”ni sembolize etmektedir. At fig\u00fcr\u00fc ise h\u00fcrriyet ve ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131k sembol\u00fcd\u00fcr. Kabartma Z\u00fcht\u00fc M\u00fcrido\u011flu’nun eseridir.<\/p>\n
Kule duvarlar\u0131nda Atat\u00fcrk’\u00fcn h\u00fcrriyet ile ilgili \u015fu s\u00f6zleri yaz\u0131l\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n
“Esas, T\u00fcrk ulusunun sayg\u0131n ve onurlu bir ulus olarak ya\u015famas\u0131d\u0131r. Bu esas ancak tam ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131\u011fa sahip olmakla sa\u011flanabilir. Ne kadar zengin ve bolluk i\u00e7inde olursa olsun ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131ktan yoksun bir ulus, uygar insanl\u0131k kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda u\u015fak olmak durumundan y\u00fcksek bir i\u015fleme hak kazanamaz.” (1927)<\/p>\n
“Bence, bir ulusta \u015ferefin, onurun, namusun ve insanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n s\u00fcrekli olarak bulunabilmesi kesinlikle o ulusun \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fck ve ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131na sahip olabilmesiyle m\u00fcmk\u00fcnd\u00fcr.”<\/p>\n
“\u00d6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn de, e\u015fitli\u011fin de, adaletin de dayand\u0131\u011f\u0131 ulusal egemenliktir.”<\/p>\n
“B\u00fct\u00fcn tarihsel ya\u015fant\u0131m\u0131zda \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fck ve ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131\u011fa sembol olmu\u015f bir ulusuz.”<\/p>\n
Kule i\u00e7inde An\u0131tkabir’in in\u015faat \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6steren foto\u011fraf sergisi ve in\u015faatta kullan\u0131lan ta\u015f \u00f6rnekleri bulunmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n
KADIN HEYKEL GRUBU<\/p>\n
\u0130stiklal kulesinin \u00f6n\u00fcnde, ulusal giysiler giymi\u015f \u00fc\u00e7 kad\u0131ndan olu\u015fan bir heykel grubu vard\u0131r. Bu kad\u0131nlardan kenarlardaki ikisi yere kadar uzanan kal\u0131n bir \u00e7elenk tutmaktad\u0131r. Ba\u015fak demetlerinin meydana getirdi\u011fi \u00e7elenk bereketli yurdumuzu temsil etmektedir. Soldaki kad\u0131n, ileri uzatt\u0131\u011f\u0131 elindeki kapla Atat\u00fcrk’e tanr\u0131dan rahmet dilemekte, ortadaki kad\u0131n eliyle y\u00fcz\u00fcn\u00fc kapam\u0131\u015f a\u011flamaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n
Bu \u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc grup, T\u00fcrk kad\u0131nlar\u0131n\u0131n Atat\u00fcrk’\u00fcn \u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fcn derin ac\u0131s\u0131 i\u00e7inde bile gururlu, a\u011f\u0131rba\u015fl\u0131 ve azimli olu\u015funu dile getirmektedir. Heykel grubu H\u00fcseyin \u00d6zkan’\u0131n eseridir.<\/p>\n
ERKEK HEYKEL GRUBU<\/p>\n
H\u00fcrriyet Kulesi’nin \u00f6n\u00fcnde \u00fc\u00e7 erkekten olu\u015fan heykel grubu vard\u0131r. Sa\u011fdaki erkek ba\u015f\u0131nda mi\u011fferi ve kal\u0131n kaputu ile T\u00fcrk askerini temsil ederken, onun yan\u0131nda elinde kitab\u0131 ile T\u00fcrk gen\u00e7li\u011fini ve ayd\u0131n insan\u0131, biraz gerisinde ise yerel k\u0131yafetlerle T\u00fcrk k\u00f6yl\u00fcs\u00fc temsil edilmi\u015ftir. Her \u00fc\u00e7 heykelin y\u00fcz\u00fcnde derin ac\u0131 ile T\u00fcrk milletinin kendine \u00f6zg\u00fc a\u011f\u0131rba\u015fl\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve y\u00fcksek irade g\u00fcc\u00fc dile getirilmi\u015ftir. Heykel grubu, H\u00fcseyin \u00d6zkan’\u0131n eseridir.<\/p>\n
ASLANLI YOL<\/p>\n
Ziyaret\u00e7ileri Atat\u00fcrk’\u00fcn y\u00fcce huzuruna haz\u0131rlamak i\u00e7in yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015f olan 262 m. uzunlu\u011fundaki yolun iki yan\u0131nda oturmu\u015f pozisyonda 24 aslan heykeli bulunmaktad\u0131r. Atat\u00fcrk’\u00fcn T\u00fcrk ve Anadolu tarihine verdi\u011fi \u00f6nem sebebiyle, Anadolu’da uygarl\u0131k kuran Hititlerin sanat \u00fcslubu ile yap\u0131lan aslan heykelleri kuvvet ve s\u00fckuneti temsil etmektedir. Heykeller H\u00fcseyin \u00d6zkan’\u0131n eseridir.<\/p>\n
T\u00d6REN MEYDANI<\/p>\n
Aslanl\u0131 yolun sonunda yer alan t\u00f6ren meydan\u0131 129 x84,25 m. boyutlar\u0131ndad\u0131r. 15.000 ki\u015fi kapasiteli bu alan\u0131n zemini; siyah, k\u0131rm\u0131z\u0131, sar\u0131 ve beyaz renkte traverten ta\u015flardan olu\u015fan 373 adet hal\u0131 ve kilim deseniyle bezenmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n
MEHMET\u00c7\u0130K KULES\u0130<\/p>\n
Aslanl\u0131 yolun bitiminde sa\u011fda Mehmet\u00e7ik Kulesi yer almaktad\u0131r. Kulenin d\u0131\u015f y\u00fczeyinde yer alan kabartmada; cepheye gitmekte olan Mehmet\u00e7i\u011fin evinden ayr\u0131l\u0131\u015f\u0131 ifade edilmektedir. Bu komposizyonda, elini asker o\u011flunun omuzuna atm\u0131\u015f onu vatan i\u00e7in sava\u015fa g\u00f6nderen h\u00fcz\u00fcnl\u00fc, fakat gururlu anne tasvir edilmi\u015ftir. Kabartma Z\u00fcht\u00fc M\u00fcrido\u011flu’nun eseridir.<\/p>\n
Kulenin duvarlar\u0131nda Atat\u00fcrk’\u00fcn Mehmet\u00e7ik ve T\u00fcrk kad\u0131nlar\u0131 hakk\u0131nda s\u00f6yledi\u011fi \u00f6zl\u00fc s\u00f6zler yer almaktad\u0131r:<\/p>\n
“Kahraman T\u00fcrk eri Anadolu sava\u015flar\u0131n\u0131n anlam\u0131n\u0131 kavram\u0131\u015f, yeni bir \u00fclke ile sava\u015fm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.” (1921)<\/p>\n
“D\u00fcnyan\u0131n hi\u00e7bir yerinde, hi\u00e7bir ulusunda Anadolu k\u00f6yl\u00fc kad\u0131n\u0131n \u00fcst\u00fcnde kad\u0131n \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131ndan s\u00f6z etmek imk\u00e2n\u0131 yoktur.” (1923)<\/p>\n
“Bu ulusun \u00e7ocuklar\u0131n\u0131n
\n\u00f6zverileri, kahramanl\u0131klar\u0131 i\u00e7in \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fc birimi bulunamaz.”
\nKulenin i\u00e7inde; An\u0131tkabir ve Atat\u00fcrk ile ilgili \u00e7e\u015fitli kitaplar ve hediyelik e\u015fyalar ziyaret\u00e7ilere sunulmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n
ATAT\u00dcRK VE T\u00dcRK DEVR\u0130M\u0130 K\u00dcT\u00dcPHANES\u0130<\/p>\n
Mehmet\u00e7ik ve Zafer kuleleri aras\u0131nda yer alan; m\u00fcze, kitapl\u0131k ve K\u00fclt\u00fcrel Faaliyetler M\u00fcd\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc’n\u00fcn i\u00e7indeki birimde “Atat\u00fcrk ve T\u00fcrk Devrimi K\u00fct\u00fcphanesi” bulunmaktad\u0131r. Atat\u00fcrk, milli m\u00fccadele ve ink\u0131l\u00e2plar konulu T\u00fcrk\u00e7e ve yabanc\u0131 dillerde kitaplar\u0131n bulundu\u011fu bir “\u0130htisas K\u00fct\u00fcphanesi” olarak, her kesimden ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131 ve okuyucuya hafta i\u00e7i 09.00-12.30 \/ 13.30-17.00 saatleri aras\u0131nda hizmet vermektedir.<\/p>\n
ZAFER KULES\u0130<\/p>\n
Kulenin duvarlar\u0131nda Atat\u00fcrk’\u00fcn en \u00f6nemli \u00fc\u00e7 zaferinin tarihi ve zaferle ilgili \u00f6zl\u00fc s\u00f6zleri yaz\u0131l\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n
Kule i\u00e7inde Atat\u00fcrk’\u00fcn naa\u015f\u0131n\u0131 19 Kas\u0131m 1938’de \u0130stanbul Dolmabah\u00e7e Saray\u0131’ndan alarak Sarayburnu’nda donanmaya teslim eden top arabas\u0131 sergilenmektedir.<\/p>\n
\u0130SMET \u0130N\u00d6N\u00dc’N\u00dcN LAHT\u0130<\/p>\n
Bar\u0131\u015f ve Zafer Kuleleri aras\u0131nda yanlar\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131k s\u00fctunlar\u0131n olu\u015fturdu\u011fu galerinin ortas\u0131nda 25 Aral\u0131k 1973 y\u0131l\u0131nda vefat eden Atat\u00fcrk’\u00fcn en yak\u0131n silah arkada\u015f\u0131, T\u00fcrk Milli M\u00fccadelesinin Bat\u0131 Cephesi komutan\u0131 ve ikinci Cumhurba\u015fkan\u0131 \u0130smet \u0130n\u00f6n\u00fc’n\u00fcn sembolik lahdi bulunmaktad\u0131r. Mezar odas\u0131 alt kattad\u0131r.<\/p>\n
\u0130smet \u0130n\u00f6n\u00fc, An\u0131tkabir’e 28 Aral\u0131k 1973’te Bakanlar Kurulu Karar\u0131 ile defnedilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n
BARI\u015e KULES\u0130<\/p>\n
Kulenin i\u00e7 duvar\u0131nda Atat\u00fcrk’\u00fcn “Yurtta Bar\u0131\u015f, D\u00fcnyada Bar\u0131\u015f” ilkesini dile getiren bir kabartma kompozisyonu yer almaktad\u0131r. Bu kabartmada \u00e7ift\u00e7ilik yapan k\u00f6yl\u00fcler ve yanlar\u0131nda k\u0131l\u0131c\u0131n\u0131 uzatarak onlar\u0131 koruyan bir asker fig\u00fcr tasvir edilmi\u015ftir. Bu asker bar\u0131\u015f\u0131n sa\u011flam ve g\u00fcvenli kayna\u011f\u0131 olan T\u00fcrk ordusunu sembolize etmektedir. Bu \u015fekilde insanlar T\u00fcrk ordusunun sa\u011flad\u0131\u011f\u0131 huzur ortam\u0131 i\u00e7inde g\u00fcnl\u00fck hayatlar\u0131n\u0131 devam ettirmektedirler. Kabartma, Nusret Suman’\u0131n eseridir.<\/p>\n
Kule duvarlar\u0131nda Atat\u00fcrk’\u00fcn bar\u0131\u015f ile ilgili \u015fu s\u00f6zleri yer almaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n
“D\u00fcnya vatanda\u015flar\u0131 k\u0131skan\u00e7l\u0131k, a\u00e7g\u00f6zl\u00fcl\u00fck ve kinden uzakla\u015facak \u015fekilde terbiye edilmelidir.” (1935)<\/p>\n
“Yurtta Bar\u0131\u015f, Cihanda Bar\u0131\u015f.”<\/p>\n
“Ulusun hayat\u0131
\ntehlikeyle kar\u015f\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131ya kalmad\u0131k\u00e7a sava\u015f bir cinayettir.” (1923)
\nKulenin i\u00e7inde ise Atat\u00fcrk’\u00fcn 1935-1938 y\u0131llar\u0131 aras\u0131nda kulland\u0131\u011f\u0131 Lincoln marka t\u00f6ren ve makam otomobilleri sergilenmektedir.<\/p>\n
23 N\u0130SAN KULES\u0130<\/p>\n
Kulenin i\u00e7 duvar\u0131nda 23 Nisan 1920’de T\u00fcrkiye B\u00fcy\u00fck Millet Meclisi’nin a\u00e7\u0131l\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131 temsil eden bir kabartma yer almaktad\u0131r. Bu kabartmada, ayakta duran kad\u0131n\u0131n tuttu\u011fu ka\u011f\u0131d\u0131n \u00fczerinde 23 Nisan 1920 yaz\u0131l\u0131d\u0131r. Kad\u0131n\u0131n di\u011fer elinde Millet Meclisimizin a\u00e7\u0131l\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131 simgeleyen bir anahtar bulunmaktad\u0131r. Kabartma, Hakk\u0131 Atamulu’nun eseridir.<\/p>\n
Kule duvarlar\u0131nda meclisin a\u00e7\u0131l\u0131\u015f\u0131yla ilgili Atat\u00fcrk’\u00fcn \u00f6zl\u00fc s\u00f6zleri yer almaktad\u0131r:<\/p>\n
“Bir tek karar vard\u0131: O da ulusal egemenli\u011fe dayal\u0131, hi\u00e7bir ko\u015fula ba\u011fl\u0131 olmayan ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z, yeni bir T\u00fcrk Devleti kurmak.” (1919)<\/p>\n
“T\u00fcrkiye Devletinin tek ve ger\u00e7ek temsilcisi yaln\u0131z ve ancak T\u00fcrkiye B\u00fcy\u00fck Millet Meclisi’dir.”<\/p>\n
“Bizim bak\u0131\u015f a\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131m\u0131z kuvvetin, g\u00fcc\u00fcn, egemenli\u011fin, y\u00f6netimin do\u011frudan do\u011fruya halka verilmesidir, halk\u0131n elinde bulundurulmas\u0131d\u0131r.”<\/p>\n
Kulede Atat\u00fcrk’\u00fcn 1936-1938 y\u0131llar\u0131 aras\u0131nda kulland\u0131\u011f\u0131 Cadillac marka \u00f6zel otomobili sergilenmektedir.<\/p>\n
BAYRAK D\u0130RE\u011e\u0130<\/p>\n
An\u0131tkabir’in \u00c7ankaya y\u00f6n\u00fcndeki 28 basamakl\u0131 t\u00f6ren meydan\u0131na giri\u015f merdivenlerinin ortas\u0131nda, tek par\u00e7al\u0131 y\u00fcksek bir direk \u00fczerinde T\u00fcrk bayra\u011f\u0131 dalgalan\u0131r. Amerika’da \u00f6zel olarak yapt\u0131r\u0131lan 33.53 m. y\u00fcksekli\u011findeki bu direk, Avrupa’daki tek par\u00e7a \u00e7elik bayrak direklerinin en y\u00fckse\u011fidir. Dire\u011fin 4 metresi kaidenin alt\u0131nda kalmaktad\u0131r. Amerika’da ya\u015fayan T\u00fcrk as\u0131ll\u0131 Amerika vatanda\u015f\u0131 Nazmi Cemal taraf\u0131ndan, kendi bayrak dire\u011fi fabrikas\u0131nda imal edilerek 1946 y\u0131l\u0131nda An\u0131tkabir’e hediye edilmi\u015ftir. Bayrak dire\u011finin kaidesinde yer alan kabartmada; me\u015fale T\u00fcrk medeniyetini, k\u0131l\u0131\u00e7 taarruz g\u00fcc\u00fcn\u00fc, mi\u011ffer savunma g\u00fcc\u00fcn\u00fc, me\u015fe dal\u0131 zaferi, zeytin dal\u0131 ise bar\u0131\u015f\u0131 simgelemektedir. T\u00fcrk bayra\u011f\u0131, ulusumuzun yurdunu savunma, zafer kazanma, bar\u0131\u015f\u0131 koruma ve uygarl\u0131k kurma gibi y\u00fcce de\u011ferleri \u00fczerinde dalgalanmaktad\u0131r. Kabartma Kenan Yontu\u00e7’un eseridir.<\/p>\n
M\u0130SAK-I M\u0130LL\u0130 KULES\u0130<\/p>\n
M\u00fczenin giri\u015findeki bu kulenin i\u00e7inde bulunan kabartma, tek v\u00fccut olarak kenetlenmemizi sembolize etmektedir. Kabartma, bir k\u0131l\u0131\u00e7 kabzas\u0131 \u00fczerinde \u00fcst \u00fcste konmu\u015f d\u00f6rt elden ibarettir. Bu komposizyon T\u00fcrk vatan\u0131n\u0131n kurtar\u0131lmas\u0131 i\u00e7in i\u00e7ilen millet and\u0131n\u0131 ifade etmektedir. Kabartma Nusret Suman’\u0131n eseridir.<\/p>\n
Kulenin duvarlar\u0131nda Atat\u00fcrk’\u00fcn Milli Misak ile ilgili \u015fu s\u00f6zleri yaz\u0131l\u0131d\u0131r:<\/p>\n
“Kurtulu\u015fumuzun genel kural\u0131 olan ulusal and\u0131 tarih safhas\u0131na yazan ulusun demir elidir.” (1923)<\/p>\n
“Ulusal s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131m\u0131z i\u00e7inde \u00f6zg\u00fcr ve ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z ya\u015famak istiyoruz.” (1921)<\/p>\n
“Ulusal benli\u011fi bulamayan uluslar ba\u015fka uluslar\u0131n av\u0131d\u0131r.” (1923)<\/p>\n
Kulenin ortas\u0131nda An\u0131tkabir’de icra edilen t\u00f6renlere kat\u0131lan heyetlerin \u00f6zel defteri imzalamalar\u0131 i\u00e7in imza k\u00fcrs\u00fcs\u00fc yer almaktad\u0131r. M\u00fczenin giri\u015fi olan bu kulede bulunan akt\u00fcalite panolar\u0131nda An\u0131tkabir’de yap\u0131lan \u00f6nemli t\u00f6renlere ait foto\u011fraflar da sergilenmektedir.<\/p>\n
ANITKAB\u0130R ATAT\u00dcRK M\u00dcZES\u0130<\/p>\n
An\u0131tkabir Proje Yar\u0131\u015fmas\u0131 \u015fartlar\u0131na uygun olarak, Misak-\u0131 Milli ve \u0130nk\u0131l\u00e2p kuleleri aras\u0131ndaki b\u00f6l\u00fcm m\u00fcze olarak belirlenmi\u015ftir. Bu ama\u00e7la 21 Haziran 1960’ta An\u0131tkabir Atat\u00fcrk M\u00fczesi a\u00e7\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Burada Atat\u00fcrk’\u00fcn kulland\u0131\u011f\u0131 e\u015fyalar ve kendisine hediye edilen arma\u011fanlar ve giysileri te\u015fhir edilmektedir.<\/p>\n
M\u00fczede ayr\u0131ca Atat\u00fcrk’\u00fcn madalya ve ni\u015fanlar\u0131 ile manevi evlatlar\u0131ndan A. Afet \u0130nan, Rukiye Erkin, Sabiha G\u00f6k\u00e7en’in m\u00fczeye arma\u011fan ettikleri Atat\u00fcrk’e ait e\u015fyalar sergilenmektedir.<\/p>\n
\u0130NKIL\u00c2P KULES\u0130<\/p>\n
M\u00fczenin devam\u0131 olan bu kulede Atat\u00fcrk’\u00fcn giydi\u011fi elbiseler sergilenmektedir. Kulenin i\u00e7 duvar\u0131nda yer alan kabartmada zay\u0131f, g\u00fc\u00e7s\u00fcz bir elin tuttu\u011fu s\u00f6nmek \u00fczere olan bir me\u015fale, \u00e7\u00f6kmekte olan Osmanl\u0131 \u0130mparatorlu\u011fu’nu simgelemektedir. G\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc bir elin g\u00f6klere do\u011fru kald\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u0131\u015f\u0131klar sa\u00e7an di\u011fer bir me\u015fale ise, yeni T\u00fcrkiye Cumhuriyeti ve Atat\u00fcrk’\u00fcn T\u00fcrk ulusunu \u00e7a\u011fda\u015f uygarl\u0131k d\u00fczeyine ula\u015ft\u0131rmak i\u00e7in yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 ink\u0131l\u00e2plar\u0131 simgelemektedir. Kabartma Nusret Suman’\u0131n eseridir.<\/p>\n
Kule duvarlar\u0131nda Atat\u00fcrk’\u00fcn ink\u0131l\u00e2plarla ilgili \u015fu s\u00f6zleri yaz\u0131l\u0131d\u0131r:<\/p>\n
“Bir toplum ayn\u0131 amaca b\u00fct\u00fcn kad\u0131nlar\u0131 ve erkekleriyle beraber y\u00fcr\u00fcmezse ilerlemesine, uygarla\u015fmas\u0131na teknik imk\u00e2n ve bilimsel ihtimal yoktur.”<\/p>\n
“Biz ilhamlar\u0131m\u0131z\u0131 g\u00f6kten ve bilinmeyen alemden de\u011fil, do\u011frudan do\u011fruya hayattan alm\u0131\u015f bulunuyoruz.”<\/p>\n
M\u00fczenin giysi b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc olarak kullan\u0131lan bu kulede; Anadolu \u00dcniversitesi eski rekt\u00f6r\u00fc Prof. Dr.Y\u0131lmaz B\u00fcy\u00fcker\u015fen’in yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 Atat\u00fcrk’\u00fcn ger\u00e7ek boyutlar\u0131nda balmumu heykeli bulunmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n
CUMHUR\u0130YET KULES\u0130<\/p>\n
Sanat Galerisi’nin giri\u015fi olan bu kulenin duvarlar\u0131nda Atat\u00fcrk’\u00fcn Cumhuriyet ile ilgili \u015fu \u00f6zl\u00fc s\u00f6z\u00fc bulunmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n
“En b\u00fcy\u00fck g\u00fcc\u00fcm\u00fcz, en g\u00fcvenilir dayana\u011f\u0131m\u0131z, ulusal egemenli\u011fimizi kavram\u0131\u015f ve onu eylemli olarak halk\u0131n eline vermi\u015f ve halk\u0131n elinde tutabilece\u011fimizi ger\u00e7ekten kan\u0131tlam\u0131\u015f oldu\u011fumuzdur.”<\/p>\n
Kulenin i\u00e7inde, Atat\u00fcrk’\u00fcn \u00f6\u011frenim g\u00f6rd\u00fc\u011f\u00fc Manast\u0131r Askeri \u0130dadisi ile Sivas ve Erzurum Kongre binalar\u0131 ve I. T.B.M.M. binalar\u0131n\u0131n maketleri ve o d\u00f6nemlere ait foto\u011fraflar sergilenmektedir.<\/p>\n
SANAT GALER\u0130S\u0130<\/p>\n
Cumhuriyet Kulesi ve M\u00fcdafaa-i Hukuk Kuleleri aras\u0131nda yer alan bu b\u00f6l\u00fcmde Atat\u00fcrk’\u00fcn \u00f6zel kitapl\u0131\u011f\u0131 te\u015fhir edilmektedir.<\/p>\n
Duvarlarda Atat\u00fcrk’\u00fc ziyaret etmi\u015f olan yabanc\u0131 devlet adamlar\u0131 ile Atat\u00fcrk’\u00fc birlikte tasvir eden ya\u011fl\u0131 boya tablolar bulunmaktad\u0131r. Bu tablolar, ressam Rahmi Pehlivanl\u0131’n\u0131n eseridir.<\/p>\n
Galeride ayr\u0131ca, Atat\u00fcrk, Milli M\u00fccadele ve An\u0131tkabir konulu belgesel filmlerin g\u00f6sterildi\u011fi sinevizyon b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc yer almaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n
M\u00dcDAFAA-\u0130 HUKUK KULES\u0130<\/p>\n
Bu kule duvar\u0131n\u0131n d\u0131\u015f y\u00fczeyinde yer alan kabartmada, Kurtulu\u015f Sava\u015f\u0131m\u0131zda ulusal birli\u011fimizin temeli olan M\u00fcdafaa-i Hukuk dile getirilmektedir. Kabartmada, bir elinde k\u0131l\u0131\u00e7 tutarken di\u011fer elini ileri uzatm\u0131\u015f s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131m\u0131z\u0131 ge\u00e7en d\u00fc\u015fmana “Dur!” diyen bir erkek fig\u00fcr tasvir edilmi\u015ftir. \u0130leri uzat\u0131lan elin alt\u0131nda bulunan ulu a\u011fa\u00e7 yurdumuzu, onu koruyan erkek fig\u00fcr\u00fc ise kurtulu\u015f amac\u0131yla birle\u015fmi\u015f olan milletimizi temsil etmektedir. Kabartma Nusret Suman’\u0131n eseridir.<\/p>\n
Kulenin duvarlar\u0131nda Atat\u00fcrk’\u00fcn M\u00fcdafaa-i Hukuk konusunda s\u00f6yledi\u011fi s\u00f6zler yer almaktad\u0131r:<\/p>\n
“Ulusal g\u00fcc\u00fc etken ve ulusal iradeyi egemen k\u0131lmak esast\u0131r.” (1919)<\/p>\n
“Ulus bundan sonra hayat\u0131na, ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131na ve b\u00fct\u00fcn varl\u0131\u011f\u0131na \u015fahsen kendisi sahip \u00e7\u0131kacakt\u0131r.” (1923)<\/p>\n
“Tarih; bir ulusun
\nkan\u0131n\u0131, hakk\u0131n\u0131, varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 hi\u00e7bir zaman ink\u00e2r edemez.” (1919)
\n“T\u00fcrk ulusunun kalbinden, vicdan\u0131ndan do\u011fan ve onu esinlendiren en esasl\u0131, en belirgin istek ve iman belli olmu\u015ftu: Kurtulu\u015f.” (1927)<\/p>\n
Kulenin i\u00e7inde “Atat\u00fcrk ve Milli M\u00fccadele” konulu periyodik sergiler d\u00fczenlenmektedir. Ayr\u0131ca Atat\u00fcrk’\u00fcn \u00f6\u011frenim g\u00f6rd\u00fc\u011f\u00fc Harbiye Mektebi’nin maketi bulunmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n
SAKARYA MEYDAN MUHAREBES\u0130 KONULU KABARTMA<\/p>\n
Komposizyonun sa\u011f\u0131nda bir gen\u00e7, iki at, bir kad\u0131n ve bir erkek bulunmaktad\u0131r.Bunlar, sava\u015f\u0131n ilk d\u00f6neminde d\u00fc\u015fman sald\u0131r\u0131lar\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda evlerini b\u0131rak\u0131p yurt savunmas\u0131 i\u00e7in yollara d\u00fc\u015fm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. Sa\u011fdaki delikanl\u0131 arkaya d\u00f6nm\u00fc\u015f, sol elini kald\u0131r\u0131p yumru\u011funu s\u0131karak d\u00fc\u015fmanlara; “Bir g\u00fcn d\u00f6nece\u011fiz ve sizden \u00f6c\u00fcm\u00fcz\u00fc alaca\u011f\u0131z” demektedir.<\/p>\n
Bu \u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc grubun \u00f6n\u00fcnde \u00e7amura batm\u0131\u015f bir araba, \u00e7abalayan atlar, tekerle\u011fi d\u00f6nd\u00fcrmeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan bir erkek ve iki kad\u0131n ile ayakta bir yi\u011fit ve ona bir k\u0131l\u0131\u00e7 sunan diz \u00e7\u00f6km\u00fc\u015f bir kad\u0131n vard\u0131r. Bu grup fig\u00fcrleri, Sakarya Muharebesi ba\u015flamadan \u00f6nceki d\u00f6nemi temsil etmektedir. Bu grubun solunda, yere oturmu\u015f iki kad\u0131n ve bir \u00e7ocuk, d\u00fc\u015fman istilas\u0131 alt\u0131nda, T\u00fcrk ordusunu bekleyen halk\u0131m\u0131z\u0131 simgelemektedir. Bu halk\u0131n \u00fczerinden u\u00e7arak Ba\u015fkomutan Mustafa Kemal’e \u00e7elenk sunan bir zafer mele\u011fi vard\u0131r.<\/p>\n
Komposizyonun sonunda yere oturan kad\u0131n vatan anay\u0131, diz \u00e7\u00f6ken gen\u00e7 Sakarya Meydan Muharebesi’ni kazanan T\u00fcrk ordusunu, me\u015fe a\u011fac\u0131 ise zaferi simgelemektedir. Vatan ana, T\u00fcrk ordusunun zaferinin simgesi olan me\u015fe a\u011fac\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6stermektedir. Kabartma \u0130lhan Koman’\u0131n eseridir.<\/p>\n
BA\u015eKOMUTAN MEYDAN MUHAREBES\u0130 KONULU KABARTMA<\/p>\n
Komposizyonun solunda yer alan ve bir k\u00f6yl\u00fc kad\u0131n, bir erkek \u00e7ocuk ve bir attan olu\u015fan grup millet\u00e7e sava\u015fa haz\u0131rl\u0131k d\u00f6nemini temsil etmektedir. Sonraki b\u00f6l\u00fcmde; Atat\u00fcrk bir elini ileri uzatm\u0131\u015f ve “Ordular ilk hedefiniz Akdeniz’dir, ileri!” diyerek ordular\u0131m\u0131za hedefi g\u00f6stermektedir. \u00d6ndeki melek, Ata’n\u0131n emrini borusu ile uzak ufuklara iletmektedir. Bundan sonraki b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcde, Atat\u00fcrk’\u00fcn emrini yerine getiren T\u00fcrk ordusunun fedakarl\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 ve kahramanl\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 temsil eden kabartmada, vurulup d\u00fc\u015fen bir erin elindeki bayra\u011f\u0131 kavrayan bir yi\u011fit ile siperde ellerinde kalkan ve k\u0131l\u0131\u00e7l\u0131 bir asker T\u00fcrk ordusunun taarruzunu sembolize etmektedir. \u00d6nde ise elinde T\u00fcrk bayra\u011f\u0131 ile T\u00fcrk ordusunu \u00e7a\u011f\u0131ran zafer mele\u011fi bulunmaktad\u0131r. Kabartma Z\u00fcht\u00fc M\u00fcrido\u011flu’nun eseridir.<\/p>\n
MOZOLE<\/p>\n
An\u0131tkabir’in en \u00f6nemli b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc olan mozoleye \u00e7\u0131kan 42 basamakl\u0131 merdivenlerin ortas\u0131nda “hitabet k\u00fcrs\u00fcs\u00fc” yer almaktad\u0131r. Mermer k\u00fcrs\u00fcn\u00fcn t\u00f6ren meydan\u0131 cephesi dairesel geometrik motiflerle s\u00fcsl\u00fc olup, ortas\u0131nda Atat\u00fcrk’\u00fcn “Hakimiyet kay\u0131ts\u0131z \u015farts\u0131z milletindir” s\u00f6z\u00fc yaz\u0131l\u0131d\u0131r. K\u00fcrs\u00fc Kenan Yontu\u00e7’un eseridir.<\/p>\n
Mozole 72x52x17 m. boyutlar\u0131nda uzunca dikd\u00f6rtgen bir plan \u00fczerine kurulmu\u015f olup, \u00f6n ve arka sekiz, yan cepheler ise 14.40 m. y\u00fcksekli\u011finde ond\u00f6rt kolonatla \u00e7evrelenmi\u015ftir. Mozole cephesinde, solda Atat\u00fcrk’\u00fcn T\u00fcrk gen\u00e7li\u011fine hitab\u0131, sa\u011fda ise Cumhuriyet’in kurulu\u015funun 10. y\u0131ld\u00f6n\u00fcm\u00fcnde s\u00f6yledi\u011fi nutku yer almaktad\u0131r. Harfler ta\u015f kabartma \u00fczerine alt\u0131n yald\u0131zlarla yaz\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n
\u015eEREF HOL\u00dc<\/p>\n
\u015eeref hol\u00fcne bronz kap\u0131lardan girilir. Giri\u015fte sa\u011fda Atat\u00fcrk’\u00fcn 29 Ekim 1938 tarihli T\u00fcrk ordusuna son mesaj\u0131, solda ise 2. Cumhurba\u015fkan\u0131 \u0130smet \u0130n\u00f6n\u00fc’n\u00fcn Atat\u00fcrk’\u00fcn \u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc \u00fczerine yay\u0131nlad\u0131\u011f\u0131 21 Kas\u0131m 1938 tarihli T\u00fcrk milletine taziye mesaj\u0131 yer almaktad\u0131r. Bu iki yaz\u0131t Atat\u00fcrk’\u00fcn do\u011fumunun 100. y\u0131l\u0131 olan 1981’de yaz\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n
Giri\u015fin tam kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda b\u00fcy\u00fck pencerenin yer ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 ni\u015fin i\u00e7inde, Atat\u00fcrk’\u00fcn sembolik lahdi bulunmaktad\u0131r. Lahit ta\u015f\u0131 tek par\u00e7a k\u0131rm\u0131z\u0131 mermer olup 40 ton a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131ndad\u0131r. Lahit ta\u015f\u0131n\u0131n yer ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 b\u00f6l\u00fcm ise beyaz Afyon mermeri ile kapl\u0131d\u0131r. \u015eeref hol\u00fcn\u00fcn zemini Adana ve Hatay’dan, yan duvarlar\u0131 ise Afyon ve Bilecik’ten getirilen k\u0131rm\u0131z\u0131, siyah, ye\u015fil ve kaplan postu mermerlerle kaplanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n
\u015eeref hol\u00fcn\u00fcn 27 kiri\u015ften olu\u015fan tavan\u0131 ile yan galeri tavanlar\u0131 mozaik ile s\u00fcslenmi\u015ftir. \u015eeref hol\u00fcn\u00fcn y\u00fcksekli\u011fi 17 m. olup, yan duvarlar\u0131nda alt\u0131\u015fardan 12 adet bronz me\u015fale bulunmaktad\u0131r. Mozole yap\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n \u00fcst\u00fc, d\u00fcz kur\u015fun \u00e7at\u0131 ile \u00f6rt\u00fcl\u00fcd\u00fcr.<\/p>\n
MEZAR ODASI<\/p>\n
Atat\u00fcrk’\u00fcn aziz naa\u015f\u0131, mozolenin zemin kat\u0131nda do\u011frudan do\u011fruya topra\u011fa kaz\u0131lm\u0131\u015f bir mezarda bulunmaktad\u0131r. Mozolenin birinci kat\u0131 olan \u015feref hol\u00fcndeki sembolik lahit ta\u015f\u0131n\u0131n tam alt\u0131nda bulunan mezar odas\u0131 Sel\u00e7uklu ve Osmanl\u0131 mimari stilinde sekizgen planl\u0131 olup, piramidal k\u00fclahl\u0131, tavan\u0131 geometrik motifli mozaiklerle s\u00fcslenmi\u015ftir. Zemin ve duvarlar siyah, beyaz, k\u0131rm\u0131z\u0131 mermerlerle kaplanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Mezar odas\u0131n\u0131n ortas\u0131nda k\u0131ble y\u00f6n\u00fcnde k\u0131rm\u0131z\u0131 mermer sanduka yer almaktad\u0131r. Mermer sandukan\u0131n \u00e7evresinde b\u00fct\u00fcn illerden ve Kuzey K\u0131br\u0131s T\u00fcrk Cumhuriyeti’nden g\u00f6nderilen topraklar\u0131n konuldu\u011fu pirin\u00e7 vazolar bulunmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n
ALAG\u00d6Z KARARG\u00c2H M\u00dcZES\u0130<\/p>\n
Sakarya Sava\u015f\u0131’nda d\u00fc\u015fman\u0131n Polatl\u0131 yak\u0131nlar\u0131na kadar ilerlemesi \u00fczerine Bat\u0131 Cephesi Komutanl\u0131\u011f\u0131, Ankara-Polatl\u0131 aras\u0131ndaki Alag\u00f6z K\u00f6y\u00fc’n\u00fc Cephe Kararg\u00e2h\u0131 olarak se\u00e7mi\u015ftir. Bu k\u00f6y\u00fcn halk\u0131ndan, T\u00fcrko\u011flu Ali A\u011fa’ya ait \u00e7iftlik evi kararg\u00e2h olarak kullan\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n
Sakarya Sava\u015f\u0131’n\u0131n bitiminde bina, sahipleri olan Ali T\u00fcrko\u011flu ve o\u011fullar\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan 1965 y\u0131l\u0131na kadar ev olarak kullan\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. 1965 y\u0131l\u0131nda varisleri taraf\u0131ndan Milli E\u011fitim Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131’na devredilmi\u015ftir. 1967 y\u0131l\u0131nda, Eski Eserler ve M\u00fczeler Genel M\u00fcd\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc’ne ba\u011fl\u0131 olan An\u0131tkabir M\u00fcze M\u00fcd\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc’ne devredilen binan\u0131n, restorasyonu yap\u0131larak m\u00fcze haline getirilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n
10 Kas\u0131m 1968 tarihinde sadece \u00fcst kat\u0131 tanzim edilerek te\u015fhire a\u00e7\u0131lm\u0131\u015f, alt kat odalar\u0131 ise 1983 y\u0131l\u0131nda yap\u0131lan yeni bir d\u00fczenlemeyle te\u015fhire a\u00e7\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n
Bina iki katl\u0131d\u0131r ve, Giysi Odas\u0131, Kitapl\u0131k ve Hat\u0131ra E\u015fya Odas\u0131, Zabitan Yemek Odas\u0131, Mutfak, Muhabere Odas\u0131, Ba\u015fkumandanl\u0131k Odas\u0131, Kurmay Heyeti Odas\u0131, Dinlenme Odas\u0131, Yaveler Odas\u0131, Atat\u00fcrk’\u00fcn Yatak Odas\u0131, Atat\u00fcrk’\u00fcn Yemek Odas\u0131 ve Hizmet Eri Odas\u0131 olmak \u00fczere 12 odadan olu\u015fmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n
Adres: An\u0131t Caddesi Tando\u011fan\/Ankara
\nTel: (312) 231 79 75<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
T\u00fcrk Kurtulu\u015f Sava\u015f\u0131’n\u0131n ve T\u00fcrk \u0130nk\u0131l\u00e2plar\u0131n\u0131n b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6nderi T\u00fcrkiye Cumhuriyeti’nin kurucusu Mustafa Kemal Atat\u00fcrk’\u00fcn, T\u00fcrk vatan\u0131n\u0131n ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 kazanmas\u0131 i\u00e7in giri\u015fti\u011fi sava\u015f ve T\u00fcrk milletini \u00e7a\u011fda\u015f uygarl\u0131k seviyesine ula\u015ft\u0131rmak amac\u0131yla ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirdi\u011fi ink\u0131l\u00e2plarla ge\u00e7en ya\u015fam\u0131 57 y\u0131l s\u00fcrm\u00fc\u015f ve B\u00fcy\u00fck \u00d6nder 10 Kas\u0131m 1938’de ebediyete intikal etmi\u015ftir. Mustafa Kemal Atat\u00fcrk, T\u00fcrkiye’yi b\u00fct\u00fcn kurumlar\u0131 ile \u00e7a\u011fda\u015f uygarl\u0131\u011f\u0131n bir … Devam\u0131n\u0131 oku…<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1686,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[13916],"tags":[1049,14619,14620],"class_list":["post-40595","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-nedir","tag-anitkabir","tag-anitkabir-konu-ozeti","tag-anitkabir-nedir"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/40595","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1686"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=40595"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/40595\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=40595"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=40595"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=40595"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}