Antoine Henri Becquerel, (d. 15 Aral\u0131k 1852 \u2013 \u00f6. 25 A\u011fustos 1908). Frans\u0131z\u00a0fizik\u00e7i, radyoaktivitenin ka\u015fiflerinden. 1903 Nobel Fizik \u00d6d\u00fcl\u00fc sahibi. SI \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fc sisteminde radyoaktivite birimi Bekerel (Becquerel, Bq) onun ismine ithafen verilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n
Babas\u0131 Alexander Edmond Becquerel Paris Do\u011fal Tarih M\u00fczesinde uygulamal\u0131 fizik profes\u00f6r\u00fcyd\u00fc. Ailesinin bilim gelene\u011fini devam ettirerek 1872 y\u0131l\u0131nda \u00c9cole Polytechnique okuluna ba\u015flad\u0131 ve 1888 y\u0131l\u0131nda fizik \u00fczerine doktoras\u0131n\u0131 verdi. 1878 ile 1892 y\u0131llar\u0131 aras\u0131 Paris Do\u011fal Tarih M\u00fczesi’nde asistan, sonras\u0131nda da profes\u00f6r olarak g\u00f6rev ald\u0131. 1895 y\u0131l\u0131nda \u00c9cole Polytechnique’te fizik profes\u00f6r\u00fc olarak g\u00f6reve ba\u015flad\u0131.<\/p>\n
Radyokativiteyi ke\u015ffi Babas\u0131 gibi o da fosforens olay\u0131n\u0131 ve kristallerin \u0131\u015f\u0131\u011f\u0131 so\u011furmas\u0131n\u0131 incelemekteydi. 1895 y\u0131l\u0131nda Wilhelm R\u00f6ntgen’in x \u0131\u015f\u0131nlar\u0131n\u0131 bulmas\u0131n\u0131n ard\u0131ndan, Becquerel, fosforens olay\u0131n\u0131n x \u0131\u015f\u0131nlar\u0131 ile ba\u011flant\u0131s\u0131 olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 merak edip, ara\u015ft\u0131rmaya ba\u015flad\u0131. \u00c7e\u015fitli bile\u015fikleri g\u00fcne\u015f \u0131\u015f\u0131\u011f\u0131na maruz b\u0131rak\u0131yor sonras\u0131nda da bu bile\u015fikleri siyah ka\u011f\u0131da sar\u0131l\u0131 foto\u011fraf filminin yak\u0131na koyuyordu. E\u011fer kristalde x \u0131\u015f\u0131nlar\u0131 \u00fcretilirse siyah ka\u011f\u0131d\u0131 ge\u00e7ip filmin \u00fczerine iz b\u0131rakacakt\u0131. 1896’n\u0131n \u015eubat ay\u0131n\u0131n sonlar\u0131na do\u011fru, ilk denemelerinden birinde tesad\u00fcfen babas\u0131ndan miras kalan uranyum tuzlar\u0131ndan uranyum potasyum s\u00fclfat kulland\u0131\u011f\u0131n da film \u00fczerinde izler g\u00f6rmeyi ba\u015farm\u0131\u015ft\u0131.<\/p>\n
Becquerel ya\u011fmurlu havadan dolay\u0131 birka\u00e7 g\u00fcn uranyum tuzlar\u0131n\u0131 g\u00fcne\u015f \u0131\u015f\u0131\u011f\u0131na maruz b\u0131rakamad\u0131. Siyah ka\u011f\u0131da sar\u0131l\u0131 film ve \u00fcst\u00fcne konmu\u015f uranyum bile\u015fi\u011fi birka\u00e7 g\u00fcn cekmecesinde g\u00fcne\u015fin do\u011fmas\u0131n\u0131 beklediler. 1 Mart g\u00fcn\u00fc, belli bir sebebi olmaks\u0131z\u0131n, \u00e7ekmecedeki filmi banyo etti, ve uranyum kristalinin g\u00fcne\u015f \u0131\u015f\u0131\u011f\u0131na maruz kalmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 halde filme iz b\u0131rakt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6rd\u00fc. Becquerel bunun x \u0131\u015f\u0131nlar\u0131na benzer g\u00f6r\u00fcnmez bir \u0131\u015f\u0131n olarak tan\u0131mlad\u0131.<\/p>\n
Becquerel’in uranyum tuzlar\u0131ndan \u00e7\u0131kan radyoaktiviteyi g\u00f6zlemledi\u011fi film tabakas\u0131 Becquerel buldu\u011fu bu sonucu 2 Mart 1896’da k\u0131sa bir makale olarak Fransa Bilim Akademisi’ne okudu. Bu olay o tarihten itibaren 1898 y\u0131l\u0131na kadar Becquerel \u0131\u015f\u0131nlar\u0131 olarak adland\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131. 1898 de Marie Curie ad\u0131n\u0131 daha genel bir isim olan, radyoaktivite ile de\u011fi\u015ftirdi.<\/p>\n
Di\u011fer\u00a0\u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131\u00a0Becquerel\u00a0radyokativiteyi bulmas\u0131n\u0131n ard\u0131ndan, \u00fc\u00e7 ayr\u0131 ke\u015ffe daha imza att\u0131. 1899 ve 1900 y\u0131llar\u0131 aras\u0131 beta par\u00e7ac\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131n elektrik alan ve manyetik alan i\u00e7erisinde sapt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6zlemleyerek, beta par\u00e7ac\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131n \u0130ngiliz fizikci J. J. Thomson’un yeni ke\u015ffetti\u011fi elektronlar ile ayn\u0131 par\u00e7ac\u0131k oldu\u011funu g\u00f6sterdi. Bunun yan\u0131 s\u0131ra yeni haz\u0131rlanm\u0131\u015f uranyumun belli bir s\u00fcre sonra k\u0131smen yok oldu\u011funa ve radyoaktiflik kazand\u0131\u011f\u0131na dikkat \u00e7ekti. Bu g\u00f6zlem 1902 y\u0131l\u0131nda Ernest Rutherford ve Frederick Soddy taraf\u0131ndan radyoaktif bozunma olarak adland\u0131r\u0131lacakt\u0131. Son olarak 1901 y\u0131l\u0131nda cebinde ta\u015f\u0131d\u0131\u011f\u0131 radyumun v\u00fccudunda yanma yaratt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 bildirerek sa\u011fl\u0131k fizi\u011fine ve radyum kanser tedavisine katk\u0131da bulunmu\u015f oldu.<\/p>\n
Ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00f6d\u00fcller Bir\u00e7ok onur \u00f6d\u00fcl\u00fc ve Fransada ve D\u00fcnyadaki \u00e7e\u015fitli akademik topluluklara olan \u00fcyeliklerine lay\u0131k g\u00f6rild\u00fc. 1903 y\u0131l\u0131nda Pierre Curie ve Marie Curie ile birlikte\u00a0radyokativitenin ke\u015ffinde oynad\u0131\u011f\u0131 rolden dolay\u0131 Nobel Fizik \u00d6d\u00fcl\u00fc’n\u00fc ald\u0131.<\/p>\n
Son zamanlar\u0131 24 A\u011fustos 1908 y\u0131l\u0131nda Fransa’n\u0131n Le Croisic \u015fehrinde \u00f6ld\u00fc. \u00d6l\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fcn ard\u0131ndan onuruna,radyokativitenin SI \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fc sistemindeki birmine Bekerel (Becquerel veya Bq olarak da adland\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r) ismi verildi. Ayr\u0131ca biri Ay’da di\u011feri Mars’ta olmak \u00fczere iki kratere Becquerel krateri ismi verildi..<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Antoine Henri Becquerel, (d. 15 Aral\u0131k 1852 \u2013 \u00f6. 25 A\u011fustos 1908). Frans\u0131z\u00a0fizik\u00e7i, radyoaktivitenin ka\u015fiflerinden. 1903 Nobel Fizik \u00d6d\u00fcl\u00fc sahibi. SI \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fc sisteminde radyoaktivite birimi Bekerel (Becquerel, Bq) onun ismine ithafen verilmi\u015ftir. Babas\u0131 Alexander Edmond Becquerel Paris Do\u011fal Tarih M\u00fczesinde uygulamal\u0131 fizik profes\u00f6r\u00fcyd\u00fc. Ailesinin bilim gelene\u011fini devam ettirerek 1872 y\u0131l\u0131nda \u00c9cole Polytechnique okuluna ba\u015flad\u0131 ve … Devam\u0131n\u0131 oku…<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1686,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[13915],"tags":[14502,14503],"class_list":["post-40456","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-kimdir","tag-antoine-henri-becquerel","tag-radyokativite"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/40456","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1686"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=40456"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/40456\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=40456"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=40456"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=40456"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}