CANLILARIN \u00c7E\u015e\u0130TL\u0130L\u0130\u011e\u0130 ve SINIFLANDIRILMASI<\/p>\n
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Canl\u0131lar\u0131n S\u0131n\u0131fland\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 : Canl\u0131lar\u0131n belirli \u00d6zellikleri g\u00f6z \u00f6n\u00fcne al\u0131narak yap\u0131lan grupland\u0131rmaya s\u0131n\u0131fland\u0131rma veya biyosistematik denir. S\u0131n\u0131fland\u0131rmay\u0131 inceleyen bilim dal\u0131na sistematik ( Taksonomi) denir. S\u0131n\u0131fland\u0131rma ikiye ayr\u0131l\u0131r:<\/p>\n
1) Ampirik (yapay = suni) s\u0131n\u0131fland\u0131rma : Canl\u0131lar\u0131 d\u0131\u015f g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fc\u015f, ya\u015fay\u0131\u015f ve birka\u00e7 y\u00fczeysel \u00f6zelli\u011fine g\u00f6re bakarak s\u0131n\u0131fland\u0131rmakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n
\u0130lk defa Aristo taraf\u0131ndan yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Aristo canl\u0131lar\u0131 ikiye ay\u0131rm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n
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1. Bitkiler -> Otlar ,\u00c7al\u0131lar ,A\u011fa\u00e7lar<\/p>\n
2. Hayvanlar -> Suda, Karada, Havada ya\u015fayanlar<\/p>\n
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2) Filogenetik (Do\u011fal = Tabii) S\u0131n\u0131fland\u0131rma : Canl\u0131lar\u0131n orjin ( k\u00f6ken ) benzerli\u011fine bak\u0131larak yap\u0131lan s\u0131n\u0131fland\u0131rmad\u0131r. Anatomik benzerlik, protein benzerli\u011fi, akrabal\u0131k dereceleri gibi \u00f6zelliklere dikkat edilir.<\/p>\n
Analog organ : K\u00f6kenleri farkl\u0131, g\u00f6revleri ayn\u0131 olan organlard\u0131r.<\/p>\n
\u00d6RN : Yarasan\u0131n kanad\u0131 ile kelebe\u011fin kanad\u0131.<\/p>\n
Homolog organ : K\u00f6kenleri ayn\u0131, g\u00f6revleri farkl\u0131 olan organlard\u0131r.<\/p>\n
\u00d6RN : \u0130nsan kolu, at\u0131n \u00f6n baca\u011f\u0131, yarasan\u0131n kanad\u0131, balina y\u00fczgeci<\/p>\n
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Canl\u0131lar\u0131n \u0130simlendirilmesi : \u0130simlendirme ilk kez Kari Linne taraf\u0131ndan yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Linne t\u00fcr tan\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 geli\u015ftirmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n
T\u00fcr : Ortak atalardan gelen, ortak \u00f6zelliklere sahip, birbirleriyle \u00e7iftle\u015fip verimli d\u00f6ller (K\u0131s\u0131r olmayan ) meydana getiren en k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck sistematik gruptur.<\/p>\n
\u00d6rne\u011fin At ile e\u015fek \u00e7iftle\u015fir, d\u00f6l verir verdikleri d\u00f6l yani kat\u0131r k\u0131s\u0131r oldu\u011fundan, at farkl\u0131 bir t\u00fcr, e\u015fek farkl\u0131 bir t\u00fcr, kat\u0131r ise bilimsel anlamda t\u00fcr de\u011fildir.<\/p>\n
Dikkat: Bu kurala sadece kurt k\u00f6pe\u011fi uymaz.<\/p>\n
T\u00fcr Linne’nin buldu\u011fu ikili isimlendirme ( \u00e7ift isimlendirme = Binominal ) ile adland\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r. Bu isimlendirmeye g\u00f6re; bir canl\u0131ya ait, cins ismi ve \u00f6zel tan\u0131t\u0131c\u0131 ismi bulunur. Cins ismi daima b\u00fcy\u00fck harfle, \u00f6zel tan\u0131t\u0131c\u0131 isimi ise k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck harfle ba\u015flar.<\/p>\n
\u00d6rnek:<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
Cins ismi<\/p>\n
Felis<\/p>\n
Felis<\/p>\n
Allium<\/p>\n
Homo<\/p>\n
Apis<\/p>\n
Canis<\/p>\n
Canis<\/p>\n
\u00d6zel tan\u0131t\u0131c\u0131 ismi<\/p>\n
Leo<\/p>\n
domesticus<\/p>\n
Cepa<\/p>\n
Sapiens<\/p>\n
mellifica<\/p>\n
Lupus<\/p>\n
familaris T\u00fcrk\u00e7e ad\u0131<\/p>\n
Aslan<\/p>\n
Ev kedisi<\/p>\n
So\u011fan<\/p>\n
\u0130nsan<\/p>\n
Bal ans\u0131<\/p>\n
Kurt<\/p>\n
Ev k\u00f6pe\u011fi<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
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<\/p>\n
Sistematik Birimler:<\/p>\n
Alem = Regnum = Animalia = Hayvanlar Alemi<\/p>\n
\u015eube = Filum = Chordata = Omurgal\u0131lar<\/p>\n
S\u0131n\u0131f = Clasis = Mamalia = Memeliler<\/p>\n
Tak\u0131m = Ordo = Karnivora = Et\u00e7iller<\/p>\n
Aile = Familya = Felidae = Kedigiller<\/p>\n
Cins = Genus = Felis = Kedi<\/p>\n
T\u00fcr = Species = Felis domesticus = Ev kedisi<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
\u2022 Alemden t\u00fcre do\u011fru birey say\u0131s\u0131 azal\u0131r, fakat benzerlik artar.<\/p>\n
\u2022 T\u00fcrden aleme do\u011fru, birey say\u0131s\u0131 artar, fakat benzerlik azal\u0131r.<\/p>\n
\u2022 Ayn\u0131 t\u00fcr i\u00e7erisindeki canl\u0131larda protein ve gen yap\u0131lar\u0131 benzerdir. Ancak ayn\u0131 de\u011fildir.<\/p>\n
\u2022 Ayn\u0131 t\u00fcrdeki bireylerin kromozom say\u0131lar\u0131 ayn\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n
\u00d6RN : \u0130nsan 2n = 46 kromozom bulunur.<\/p>\n
Bitkiler alemine \u00f6rnek verirsek; \u00c7i\u00e7ekli bitkiler- kapal\u0131 tohumlular \u00e7ift \u00e7enekliler- menek\u015fegiller – menek\u015fe – kokulu menek\u015fe ( Viola odarata )<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
CANLILARIN \u00c7E\u015e\u0130TL\u0130L\u0130\u011e\u0130 ve SINIFLANDIRILMASI Canl\u0131lar\u0131n S\u0131n\u0131fland\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 : Canl\u0131lar\u0131n belirli \u00d6zellikleri g\u00f6z \u00f6n\u00fcne al\u0131narak yap\u0131lan grupland\u0131rmaya s\u0131n\u0131fland\u0131rma veya biyosistematik denir. S\u0131n\u0131fland\u0131rmay\u0131 inceleyen bilim dal\u0131na sistematik ( Taksonomi) denir. S\u0131n\u0131fland\u0131rma ikiye ayr\u0131l\u0131r: 1) Ampirik (yapay = suni) s\u0131n\u0131fland\u0131rma : Canl\u0131lar\u0131 d\u0131\u015f g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fc\u015f, ya\u015fay\u0131\u015f ve birka\u00e7 y\u00fczeysel \u00f6zelli\u011fine g\u00f6re bakarak s\u0131n\u0131fland\u0131rmakt\u0131r. \u0130lk defa Aristo taraf\u0131ndan yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Aristo … Devam\u0131n\u0131 oku…<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1685,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[15],"tags":[280,14302,14301],"class_list":["post-40182","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-fen-teknoloji","tag-canlilar","tag-canlilarin-cesitliligi","tag-canlilarin-siniflandirilmasi"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/40182","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1685"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=40182"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/40182\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=40182"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=40182"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=40182"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}