Karadeniz B\u00f6lgesi<\/p>\n
B\u00f6lge ad\u0131n\u0131 \u00a0kom\u015fu oldu\u011fu \u00a0Karadeniz’den alm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. B\u00f6lgenin t\u00fcm\u00fc do\u011fal, ekonomik ve be\u015feri \u00f6zellikler bak\u0131m\u0131ndan benzer \u00f6zellikler g\u00f6sterir. Ancak yer \u015fekilleri, iklim, tar\u0131m, yerle\u015fme ve ekonomik etkinliklere ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak 3 b\u00f6l\u00fcme ayr\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bunlar Bat\u0131, Orta ve Do\u011fu Karadeniz’dir.<\/p>\n
Yer \u015fekilleri<\/p>\n
Da\u011flar : Bat\u0131 Karadeniz’de birbirine paralel 3 s\u0131ra halinde uzanan da\u011flar, Orta Karadeniz’de k\u0131y\u0131dan uzakla\u015f\u0131p, tek s\u0131ra halinde uzan\u0131r. Ortalama y\u00fckselti azalm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Do\u011fu Karadeniz’de ise \u00a0da\u011flar iki s\u0131ra halinde uzan\u0131r. B\u00f6lgenin en y\u00fcksek da\u011flar\u0131 bu b\u00f6l\u00fcmdedir. Da\u011f s\u0131ralar\u0131 aras\u0131nda bat\u0131-do\u011fu y\u00f6nl\u00fc uzanan \u00e7\u00f6k\u00fcnt\u00fc ovalar\u0131 ile \u00c7oruh-Kelkit, G\u00f6k\u0131rmak ve Devres vadiler yer al\u0131r.<\/p>\n
Ovalar : \u00a0B\u00f6lgenin en geni\u015f k\u0131y\u0131 ovalar\u0131 \u00c7ar\u015famba ve Bafra delta ovalar\u0131d\u0131r. \u0130\u00e7 kesimlerde Suluova, Ta\u015fova, Turhal, Merzifon, Tosya, Boyabat gibi \u00e7\u00f6k\u00fcnt\u00fc ovalar\u0131 yer al\u0131r. Bu \u00e7\u00f6k\u00fcnt\u00fc ovalar\u0131 T\u00fcrkiye’nin en aktif deprem b\u00f6lgeleridir.<\/p>\n
Akarsular ve G\u00f6ller<\/p>\n
Akarsular : \u00a0Yenice, Bart\u0131n, K\u0131z\u0131l\u0131rmak, Ye\u015fil\u0131rmak ve \u00c7oruh b\u00f6lgenin \u00f6nemli akarsular\u0131d\u0131r. Yatak e\u011fimleri fazla, rejimleri d\u00fczensiz akarsulard\u0131r. Kar erimelerine ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak ilkbahar aylar\u0131nda ak\u0131m y\u00fcksektir.<\/p>\n
G\u00f6ller : B\u00f6lgede buzul g\u00f6lleri ve heyelan set g\u00f6lleri fazlad\u0131r. \u00d6zellikle Do\u011fu Karadeniz Da\u011flar\u0131’nda buzul etkisiyle olu\u015fmu\u015f buzul g\u00f6lleri yayg\u0131nd\u0131r. Sera (Uzung\u00f6l), Tortum, Borabay, Abant ve Yedig\u00f6ller ba\u015fl\u0131ca heyelan set g\u00f6lleridir. Ayr\u0131ca b\u00f6lgede \u00e7ok say\u0131da baraj g\u00f6l\u00fc bulunmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n
\u0130klim<\/p>\n
B\u00f6lgenin k\u0131y\u0131 \u015feridinde her mevsim ya\u011f\u0131\u015fl\u0131, yazlar\u0131 serin, k\u0131\u015flar\u0131 \u0131l\u0131k ge\u00e7en Karadeniz iklimi etkilidir. \u00a0Bu iklimi etkileri Orta Karadeniz’de yer \u015fekillerine ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak i\u00e7 kesimlere kadar ula\u015f\u0131r. Bat\u0131 ve Do\u011fu Karadeniz’in i\u00e7 kesimlerinde iklim karasalla\u015f\u0131r, ya\u011f\u0131\u015f miktar\u0131 azal\u0131r.<\/p>\n
Do\u011fal Bitki \u00d6rt\u00fcs\u00fc<\/p>\n
\u0130klim ko\u015fullar\u0131n\u0131n orman yeti\u015fmesine uygun oldu\u011fu Karadeniz B\u00f6lgesi’nde \u00f6zellikle denize d\u00f6n\u00fck da\u011f yama\u00e7lar\u0131nda s\u0131k orman \u00f6rt\u00fcs\u00fc g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcr. Ormanlar deniz seviyesinden ba\u015flar ve 2200 metrelere kadar ula\u015f\u0131r.<\/p>\n
N\u00fcfus ve Yerle\u015fme<\/p>\n
B\u00f6lge, n\u00fcfus say\u0131s\u0131 bak\u0131m\u0131ndan 3. s\u0131rada yer al\u0131r. N\u00fcfusun b\u00fcy\u00fck b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc Do\u011fu Karadeniz k\u0131y\u0131lar\u0131 , Orta Karadeniz’deki ovalar ve Bat\u0131 Karadeniz’de Zonguldak Y\u00f6resi’nde toplanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. B\u00f6lgede iklimin nemli olmas\u0131 ve tar\u0131msal ko\u015fullar, k\u0131rsal n\u00fcfusun fazlal\u0131\u011f\u0131na yol a\u00e7m\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Arazinin engebeli olmas\u0131, su kaynaklar\u0131n\u0131n bollu\u011fu da\u011f\u0131n\u0131k yerle\u015fmeyi yayg\u0131nla\u015ft\u0131rm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Konut tipi olarak ah\u015fap evler yayg\u0131nd\u0131r.<\/p>\n
\u0130ller<\/p>\n
Amasya, Artvin, Bart\u0131n, Bayburt, Bolu, \u00c7orum, Giresun, G\u00fcm\u00fc\u015fhane, \u00a0Karab\u00fck, Kastamonu, Ordu, Rize, Samsun, Sinop, Tokat, Trabzon, Zonguldak.<\/p>\n
Ekonomik \u00d6zellikler<\/p>\n
Tar\u0131m<\/p>\n
B\u00f6lge ikliminin nemli olmas\u0131, k\u0131y\u0131da yaz mevsiminin ya\u011f\u0131\u015fl\u0131 ge\u00e7mesi, bu\u011fday arpa gibi tah\u0131l tar\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 engellemi\u015ftir. Bol neme gereksinim duyan tar\u0131m \u00fcr\u00fcnlerini yayg\u0131nla\u015ft\u0131rm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Tar\u0131m arazileri par\u00e7al\u0131 ve dar olup, genellikle e\u011fimli arazilerdir. Bu durum tar\u0131mda makine kullan\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 engellemi\u015ftir. Do\u011fu \u00a0Karadeniz k\u0131y\u0131lar\u0131nda bah\u00e7e tar\u0131m\u0131 yayg\u0131nd\u0131r.<\/p>\n
Tar\u0131m \u00dcr\u00fcnleri<\/p>\n
M\u0131s\u0131r : K\u0131y\u0131 kesiminde bu\u011fday\u0131n yerini alm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Halk\u0131n temel besin maddesidir. B\u00f6lge m\u0131s\u0131r \u00fcretiminde 1. s\u0131rada yer al\u0131r. Ancak \u00fcretilen m\u0131s\u0131r\u0131n t\u00fcm\u00fc b\u00f6lge i\u00e7inde t\u00fcketildi\u011finden ticari de\u011feri yoktur.<\/p>\n
T\u00fct\u00fcn : Karadeniz B\u00f6lgesi, \u00fcretimde Ege B\u00f6lgesi’nden sonra 2. s\u0131rada yer al\u0131r. Bafra Ovas\u0131 (Samsun) en yo\u011fun ekim yap\u0131lan aland\u0131r. Ayr\u0131ca Tokat, Amasya, D\u00fczce Ovas\u0131 (Bolu) ve Rize Y\u00f6resi’nde yeti\u015ftirilir.<\/p>\n
F\u0131nd\u0131k : K\u0131\u015f \u0131l\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131na gereksinim duyan f\u0131nd\u0131k Karadeniz iklimine en uyumlu \u00fcr\u00fcnd\u00fcr. T\u00fcrkiye \u00fcretiminin %84’\u00fc Karadeniz B\u00f6lgesi taraf\u0131ndan kar\u015f\u0131lan\u0131r. B\u00fct\u00fcn Karadeniz k\u0131y\u0131lar\u0131nda, yer yer i\u00e7 kesimlerde yeti\u015fmesine kar\u015f\u0131n, en yo\u011fun olarak Ordu ve Giresun’da \u00fcretilir.<\/p>\n
\u00c7ay : Muson iklimine uyumlu bir tar\u0131m \u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fcd\u00fcr. Bol nem ve k\u0131\u015f \u0131l\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131na gereksinim duyar. Trabzon \u2013 Rize aras\u0131nda Do\u011fu Karadeniz k\u0131y\u0131lar\u0131nda, denize d\u00f6n\u00fck yama\u00e7larda yeti\u015ftirilir. \u00dclke \u00fcretiminin tamam\u0131n\u0131 Karadeniz B\u00f6lgesi kar\u015f\u0131lar.<\/p>\n
Pirin\u00e7 : Bol suya gereksinim duyar. Akarsu vadi tabanlar\u0131nda \u00a0ekimi yap\u0131l\u0131r. Tosya, Boyabat, \u00c7ar\u015famba ovalar\u0131 ba\u015fl\u0131ca ekim alanlar\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n
\u015eekerpancar\u0131 : Bol ya\u011f\u0131\u015fl\u0131 olan Do\u011fu Karadeniz k\u0131y\u0131lar\u0131 d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda t\u00fcm b\u00f6lgede yeti\u015fme ko\u015fullar\u0131 vard\u0131r. \u00a0Ekim alanlar\u0131 Kastamonu, \u00c7orum, Tokat, Amasya illerinde geni\u015ftir.<\/p>\n
Keten-kenevir : Nemli iklim bitkisi olan keten Bat\u0131 Karadeniz \u00a0B\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc’nde Kastamonu ve Sinop’ta yeti\u015ftirilir. Kenevir ise uyu\u015fturucu \u00f6zelli\u011fi nedeniyle devlet kontrol\u00fcnde \u00fcretilir.<\/p>\n
Meyve : Amasya’da elma, Kastamonu’da erik, Rize’de turun\u00e7giller, Orta Karadeniz’de \u00fcz\u00fcm, Bat\u0131 Karadeniz’de kestane tar\u0131m\u0131 yayg\u0131nd\u0131r.<\/p>\n
Hayvanc\u0131l\u0131k<\/p>\n
G\u00fcr otlaklar ve nemli iklimi b\u00fcy\u00fckba\u015f hayvanc\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 yayg\u0131nla\u015ft\u0131rm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r
\nBat\u0131 ve Orta Karadeniz i\u00e7 kesimlerinde tiftik ke\u00e7isi yeti\u015ftirilir.
\nBal\u0131k\u00e7\u0131l\u0131k \u00f6nemli ge\u00e7im kayna\u011f\u0131d\u0131r.
\nBolu Y\u00f6re’sinde ar\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k ve k\u00fcmes hayvanc\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 yayg\u0131nd\u0131r.<\/p>\n
Ormanc\u0131l\u0131k<\/p>\n
Ormanlar\u0131n geni\u015f yer kaplamas\u0131, ormanc\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00f6nemli bir ge\u00e7im kayna\u011f\u0131na d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcrm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. Bat\u0131 ve Do\u011fu Karadeniz’de kereste, tomruk, parke ve ka\u011f\u0131t fabrikalar\u0131 bulunur.<\/p>\n
Madenler ve Enerji Kaynaklar\u0131<\/p>\n
Madenler : Do\u011fu Karadeniz’de Artvin ve Murgul (G\u00f6kta\u015f), Bat\u0131 Karadeniz’de, Kastamonu \u2013 K\u00fcre’de bak\u0131r \u00e7\u0131kart\u0131l\u0131r. B\u00f6lgede \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lan bak\u0131r, Samsun bak\u0131r fabrikas\u0131nda i\u015flenir.<\/p>\n
Enerji Kaynaklar\u0131 : Zonguldak havzas\u0131nda ta\u015fk\u00f6m\u00fcr\u00fc \u00e7\u0131kart\u0131l\u0131r. T\u00fcrkiye \u00fcretiminin tamam\u0131n\u0131 buras\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131lar. Demir-\u00e7elik end\u00fcstrisinde enerji kayna\u011f\u0131 olarak kullan\u0131l\u0131r. Ta\u015fk\u00f6m\u00fcr\u00fc tozundan \u00c7atala\u011fz\u0131 termik santralinde elektrik \u00fcretilir. Bolu, \u00c7orum, Amasya ve Havza’da linyit yataklar\u0131 i\u015fletilmektedir.<\/p>\n
Enerji \u00dcretim Tesisleri : K\u0131z\u0131l\u0131rmak \u00fczerinde Alt\u0131nkaya, Ye\u015fil\u0131rmak \u00fczerinde Almus, Hasan ve Suat U\u011furlu hidroelektrik santralleri kuruludur. Hopa’da petrolle \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan termik santral yer al\u0131r.<\/p>\n
End\u00fcstri<\/p>\n
Ba\u015fl\u0131ca end\u00fcstri tesisleri \u015funlard\u0131r :<\/p>\n
UYARI : End\u00fcstri Bat\u0131 Karadeniz B\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc’nde geli\u015fmi\u015ftir. Zonguldak Havzas\u0131 T\u00fcrkiye’nin a\u011f\u0131r sanayi b\u00f6lgesidir.<\/p>\n
\u015eeker : Kastamonu, Turhal (Tokat), Suluova (Amasya), \u00c7orum, \u00c7ar\u015famba (Samsun)<\/p>\n
\u00c7ay : Rize ve \u00e7evresi<\/p>\n
Demir \u2013 \u00e7elik : Ere\u011fli (Zonguldak) ve Karab\u00fck<\/p>\n
Ka\u011f\u0131t : \u00c7aycuma (Zonguldak), Ta\u015fk\u00f6pr\u00fc (Zonguldak), Aksu (Giresun)<\/p>\n
Kereste : Bolu, D\u00fczce, Bart\u0131n, Ayanc\u0131k<\/p>\n
Ula\u015f\u0131m<\/p>\n
Yer \u015fekilleri nedeniyle Orta Karadeniz B\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda b\u00f6lgede ula\u015f\u0131m zordur. Samsun ve Zonguldak d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda demiryolu ile ard b\u00f6lgesine ba\u011fl\u0131 olan liman yoktur. Samsun ve Trabzon b\u00f6lgenin geli\u015fmi\u015f liman kentleridir. Trabzon Liman\u0131, Zigana ve Kop ge\u00e7itleri ile b\u00f6lge i\u00e7ine ve oradan da kom\u015fu \u00fclkelere ba\u011flanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n
Turizm<\/p>\n
B\u00f6lgede gerek tarihi kal\u0131nt\u0131lar gerekse do\u011fal g\u00fczellikler turizm i\u00e7in \u00f6nemli potansiyel olu\u015fturmaktad\u0131r. B\u00f6lge iklimi deniz turizminin geli\u015fmesini engellemi\u015ftir. Bat\u0131 Karadeniz’de Amasya ve Sinop’ta deniz turizmi geli\u015fmeye ba\u015flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. \u00d6zellikle Ka\u00e7kar Da\u011flar\u0131’ndaki \u00a0buzul g\u00f6lleri, de\u011fi\u015fik bitki t\u00fcrleri b\u00f6lgenin deniz turizmindeki a\u00e7\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 kapatacak derecede ilgi g\u00f6rmektedir. Bolu Alada\u011flar ve Abant \u00e7evresi k\u0131\u015f sporlar\u0131n\u0131n yap\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00f6nemli merkezlerdir.<\/p>\n
B\u00f6lgenin \u00dclke Ekonomisindeki Yeri<\/p>\n
Karadeniz B\u00f6lgesi ekonomik geli\u015fmi\u015flik a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan 5. s\u0131rada yer al\u0131r. A\u015fa\u011f\u0131da b\u00f6lge ekonomisinde \u00f6nemli yer tutan \u00fcr\u00fcn ve ekonomik faaliyet t\u00fcrlerinin listesi verilmi\u015ftir.
\n\u00c7ay
\nF\u0131nd\u0131k
\nKenevir
\nPirin\u00e7
\nM\u0131s\u0131r
\nT\u00fct\u00fcn
\nDeniz \u00fcr\u00fcnleri
\nTa\u015fk\u00f6m\u00fcr\u00fc
\nBak\u0131r<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Karadeniz B\u00f6lgesi B\u00f6lge ad\u0131n\u0131 \u00a0kom\u015fu oldu\u011fu \u00a0Karadeniz’den alm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. B\u00f6lgenin t\u00fcm\u00fc do\u011fal, ekonomik ve be\u015feri \u00f6zellikler bak\u0131m\u0131ndan benzer \u00f6zellikler g\u00f6sterir. Ancak yer \u015fekilleri, iklim, tar\u0131m, yerle\u015fme ve ekonomik etkinliklere ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak 3 b\u00f6l\u00fcme ayr\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bunlar Bat\u0131, Orta ve Do\u011fu Karadeniz’dir. Yer \u015fekilleri Da\u011flar : Bat\u0131 Karadeniz’de birbirine paralel 3 s\u0131ra halinde uzanan da\u011flar, Orta Karadeniz’de k\u0131y\u0131dan … Devam\u0131n\u0131 oku…<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1686,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[23],"tags":[843,14280],"class_list":["post-40143","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-cografya","tag-karadeniz-bolgesi","tag-karadeniz-bolgesi-ozellikleri"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/40143","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1686"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=40143"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/40143\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=40143"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=40143"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=40143"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}