G\u00fcneydo\u011fu Anadolu B\u00f6lgesi<\/p>\n
En k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck co\u011frafi b\u00f6lge olan G\u00fcneydo\u011fu Anadolu B\u00f6lgesi yer \u015fekilleri ve Buna ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak yerle\u015fme ve ekonomik \u00f6zellikler a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan iki b\u00f6l\u00fcme ayr\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. \u00a0Bunlar, Orta F\u0131rat B\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc ve Dicle B\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc’d\u00fcr. B\u00f6lgeyi b\u00f6l\u00fcmlere ay\u0131ran s\u0131n\u0131r Karacada\u011f volkan konisinden ge\u00e7er.<\/p>\n
Yer \u015fekilleri<\/p>\n
Yer \u015fekilleri sade olan b\u00f6lgede y\u00fckseltisi fazla olmayan ova ve platolar geni\u015f yer kaplar.<\/p>\n
Da\u011flar : B\u00f6lgenin kuzey kesiminde Toros da\u011f s\u0131ras\u0131n\u0131n g\u00fcney yama\u00e7lar\u0131 uzan\u0131r. Burada as\u0131l Toroslar ile onun \u00f6n\u00fcnde ikinci bir k\u0131vr\u0131ml\u0131 da\u011f ku\u015fa\u011f\u0131 uzan\u0131r. B\u00f6lgenin ortas\u0131nda 1938 m y\u00fckseltiye sahip s\u00f6nm\u00fc\u015f Karacada\u011f Volkan\u0131 yer al\u0131r. B\u00f6lgenin bat\u0131s\u0131nda ise Gaziantep Platosu \u00fczerinde y\u00fckselen Kartal Da\u011flar\u0131 \u00f6nemli y\u00fckseklik olu\u015fturur.<\/p>\n
Ovalar : Karada\u011f’\u0131n bat\u0131s\u0131nda Alt\u0131nba\u015fak (Harran), Ceylanp\u0131nar ve Birecik ovalar\u0131 yer al\u0131r. Dicle nehri ve kollar\u0131n\u0131n topland\u0131\u011f\u0131 Diyarbak\u0131r Havzas\u0131’nda fazla geni\u015f olmayan ancak \u00e7ok verimli bir ovaya ge\u00e7ilir.<\/p>\n
Platolar : Karacada\u011f’\u0131n bat\u0131s\u0131ndaki \u015eanl\u0131urfa, Gaziantep, Ad\u0131yaman platolar\u0131 F\u0131rat ve kollar\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan derin bir \u015fekilde yar\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Karacada\u011f’\u0131n do\u011fusu ise daha engebeli bir yap\u0131 g\u00f6sterir. Bu b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcn g\u00fcneyinde Mardin-Midyat E\u015fi\u011fi yer \u00a0 al\u0131r.<\/p>\n
Akarsular ve G\u00f6ller<\/p>\n
Akarsular<\/p>\n
B\u00f6lgenin iki \u00f6nemli akarsuyundan biri olan F\u0131rat, kayna\u011f\u0131n\u0131 Do\u011fu Anadolu B\u00f6lgesi’nden al\u0131r. B\u00f6lgede ise Toroslar’dan gelen Kahta ve Karada\u011f’dan gelen k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck akarsularla beslenir. G\u00fcneydo\u011fu Toroslar’\u0131n g\u00fcneye bakan yama\u00e7lar\u0131ndan bir\u00e7ok kol halinde \u00e7\u0131kan Dicle Nehri ise b\u00f6lgenin di\u011fer \u00f6nemli akarsuyudur. Her iki akarsu da Basra K\u00f6rfezi’ne sular\u0131n\u0131 bo\u015falt\u0131r.<\/p>\n
G\u00f6ller<\/p>\n
B\u00f6lgede do\u011fal olu\u015fumlu g\u00f6l yoktur. Ancak F\u0131rat ve Dicle \u00fczerinde kurulmu\u015f baraj g\u00f6lleri bulunmaktad\u0131r. B\u00f6lgenin ve \u00fclkenin en b\u00fcy\u00fck baraj g\u00f6l\u00fc olan Atat\u00fcrk Baraj\u0131 bu b\u00f6lge s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131 i\u00e7indedir.<\/p>\n
\u0130klim<\/p>\n
Denizden uzak oldu\u011fu i\u00e7in s\u0131cakl\u0131k bak\u0131m\u0131ndan karasal iklim \u00f6zellikleri g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcr. K\u0131\u015flar olduk\u00e7a so\u011fuk olup, en \u00e7ok ya\u011f\u0131\u015f bu mevsimde d\u00fc\u015fer. Yaz mevsimi ise enlemin, karasall\u0131\u011f\u0131n ve g\u00fcneyden esen \u00e7\u00f6l r\u00fczgarlar\u0131n\u0131n etkisiyle \u00e7ok s\u0131cak ve kurak ge\u00e7er. Buharla\u015fma \u015fiddeti \u00e7ok fazla odlu\u011fundan yaz mevsiminin en kurak ge\u00e7ti\u011fi b\u00f6lgedir. Ayr\u0131ca bat\u0131daki Gaziantep Y\u00f6resi’nde belirgin olarak Akdeniz ikliminin ektileri g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcr.<\/p>\n
Do\u011fal Bitki \u00d6rt\u00fcs\u00fc<\/p>\n
B\u00f6lgenin do\u011fal bitki \u00f6rt\u00fcs\u00fc bozk\u0131rd\u0131r. \u0130\u00e7 Anadolu bozk\u0131rlar\u0131na g\u00f6re \u00e7ok fakirdir. B\u00f6lgede antropojen bozk\u0131rlar da geni\u015f yer kaplamaktad\u0131r. Ormanlar\u0131n en az alan kaplad\u0131\u011f\u0131 b\u00f6lge olan G\u00fcneydo\u011fu Anadolu’da mevcut ormanlar\u0131n b\u00fcy\u00fck b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc de tahrip edilmi\u015ftir. Toros Da\u011flar\u0131 eteklerinde g\u00f6r\u00fclebilen ormanlar ise kurakl\u0131k nedeniyle \u00e7ok zay\u0131ft\u0131r. Dicle Nehri boylar\u0131nda yer yer kavak ve s\u00f6\u011f\u00fct topluluklar\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcr.<\/p>\n
N\u00fcfus ve Yerle\u015fme<\/p>\n
N\u00fcfusu en az olan b\u00f6lgemizdir. Ancak do\u011fum oran\u0131n\u0131n y\u00fcksek, y\u00fcz\u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fcn k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck olmas\u0131 n\u00fcfus yo\u011funlu\u011funun fazla olmas\u0131na neden olmu\u015ftur. Orta F\u0131rat B\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc ve \u00f6zellikle Gaziantep Y\u00f6resi yo\u011fun n\u00fcfuslanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Ya\u011f\u0131\u015f\u0131n azald\u0131\u011f\u0131 d\u00fczl\u00fcklerde n\u00fcfus azal\u0131r. B\u00f6lgede ekonomik geli\u015fmenin yava\u015f olmas\u0131, ter\u00f6r olaylar\u0131 gibi nedenlerden dolay\u0131 g\u00f6\u00e7 veren bir b\u00f6lgedir. Ayr\u0131ca mevsimlik i\u015f\u00e7i g\u00f6\u00e7leri de olmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n
\u0130ller<\/p>\n
Ad\u0131yaman, Batman, Diyarbak\u0131r, Gaziantep, Mardin, Siirt, \u015eanl\u0131urfa<\/p>\n
Ekonomik \u00d6zellikler<\/p>\n
Tar\u0131m<\/p>\n
Tar\u0131m halk\u0131n temel ge\u00e7im kayna\u011f\u0131d\u0131r. Tar\u0131m arazisi geni\u015f olmas\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131n kurakl\u0131k nedeniyle tar\u0131m\u0131n en \u00f6nemli sorunu sulamad\u0131r. Tar\u0131m topraklar\u0131n\u0131n \u00e7ok par\u00e7al\u0131, tar\u0131m i\u015fletmelerinin k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck i\u015fletmeler \u015feklinde olmas\u0131 tar\u0131msal verimi d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcrmektedir. Tar\u0131m alanlar\u0131n\u0131n \u00fc\u00e7te biri nadasa al\u0131nmaktad\u0131r. G.A.P. (G\u00fcneydo\u011fu Anadolu Projesi) ile birlikte sulu tar\u0131m alanlar\u0131 geni\u015flemekte, nadas arazisi azalmakta, tar\u0131m \u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fc \u00e7e\u015fitlili\u011fi artmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n
Tar\u0131m \u00dcr\u00fcnleri<\/p>\n
Bu\u011fday : B\u00f6lgedeki tar\u0131m alanlar\u0131n\u0131n yar\u0131s\u0131ndan fazlas\u0131nda bu\u011fday ekilir. En fazla ekim alan\u0131na sahip \u015eanl\u0131urfa’y\u0131 Diyarbak\u0131r izler.<\/p>\n
Arpa : B\u00f6lgede yeti\u015ftirilen di\u011fer \u00f6nemli tah\u0131l olan arpa, en fazla \u015eanl\u0131urfa, Siirt ve Ad\u0131yaman’da yeti\u015ftirilir.<\/p>\n
Pamuk : B\u00f6lgede en fazla ekilen end\u00fcstri bitkileri aras\u0131nda yer alan pamuk, halen sulanmakta olan Ak\u00e7akale ve Gaziantep’te yeti\u015ftirilir.<\/p>\n
K\u0131rm\u0131z Mercimek : Kurakl\u0131\u011fa dayan\u0131kl\u0131 bir baklagildir. T\u00fcrkiye \u00fcretiminin tamam\u0131na yak\u0131n\u0131n\u0131 bu b\u00f6lge sa\u011flar. En \u00e7ok \u015eanl\u0131urfa ve Gaziantep’te yeti\u015ftirilir.<\/p>\n
Susam : Az bir alanda ekimi yap\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. Ancak \u00fcretimi b\u00f6lge i\u00e7in \u00f6nem ta\u015f\u0131r.<\/p>\n
\u00c7eltik : Siverek’te yeti\u015ftirilmektedir.<\/p>\n
Antep F\u0131st\u0131\u011f\u0131 : B\u00f6lgenin karakteristik \u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fcd\u00fcr. \u00dcretimin % 90’\u0131 bu b\u00f6lgede ger\u00e7ekle\u015fir.<\/p>\n
\u00dcz\u00fcm : \u00d6zellikle Gaziantep \u00e7evresinde ba\u011fc\u0131l\u0131k geli\u015fmi\u015ftir. \u00dcretilen \u00fcz\u00fcm ya\u015f olarak t\u00fcketilmesinin yan\u0131 s\u0131ra pekmez, pestil ya da i\u00e7ki yap\u0131m\u0131nda kullan\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n
Zeytin : Akdeniz ikliminin etkileri g\u00f6r\u00fclen Gaziantep y\u00f6resinde Kilis ve Islahiye \u00e7evresinde yeti\u015ftirilir.<\/p>\n
T\u00fct\u00fcn : Sulama ile birlikte ekim alanlar\u0131 geni\u015flemektedir. \u00dcretimde Ad\u0131yaman ve Batman \u00f6nde gelir.<\/p>\n
Sebze : Sulanabilen alanlarda domates, biber, patl\u0131can gibi \u00e7e\u015fitli sebzeler yeti\u015ftirilmektedir.<\/p>\n
Meyve : B\u00f6lgenin karpuz \u00fcretiminde ayr\u0131 bir yeri vard\u0131r. \u00d6zellikle Diyarbak\u0131r \u00e7evresinde a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131 20 kg’\u0131 a\u015fan karpuz yeti\u015ftirilmektedir.<\/p>\n
Hayvanc\u0131l\u0131k<\/p>\n
B\u00f6lgede hayvanc\u0131l\u0131k \u00f6nemli bir ekonomik faaliyettir. B\u00f6lgenin do\u011fal \u00f6zellikleri ve gelenekleri hayvanc\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n geli\u015fmesine zemin haz\u0131rlam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bitki \u00f6rt\u00fcs\u00fcn\u00fcn bozk\u0131r olmas\u0131 nedeniyle k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fckba\u015f hayvanc\u0131l\u0131k yayg\u0131nd\u0131r. B\u00f6lgede en \u00e7ok koyun yeti\u015ftirilir. Koyundan sonra en fazla yeti\u015ftirilen k\u0131l ke\u00e7isidir ve Toros Da\u011flar\u0131 \u00a0eteklerinde otlat\u0131l\u0131r. Ayr\u0131ca Toros Da\u011flar\u0131’nda ar\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k yap\u0131lmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n
Ormanc\u0131l\u0131k<\/p>\n
Kurakl\u0131k nedeniyle ormanlar\u0131n \u00a0en az bulundu\u011fu \u00a0b\u00f6lgedir. Toroslar’\u0131n eteklerinde bulunan ormanlar da \u00e7ok zay\u0131ft\u0131r. Bu nedenle b\u00f6lgede ormanc\u0131l\u0131k geli\u015fmemi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n
Madenler ve Enerji Kaynaklar\u0131<\/p>\n
Madenler : B\u00f6lge maden bak\u0131m\u0131ndan zengin de\u011fildir. Gaziantep, Islahiye ve Kilis’te krom ve bak\u0131r yataklar\u0131 bulunur. Kilis-G\u00f6lba\u015f\u0131’nda fosfat \u00e7\u0131kart\u0131l\u0131r. Ayr\u0131ca Toros Da\u011flar\u0131’nda krom ve \u00e7inko yataklar\u0131 vard\u0131r.<\/p>\n
Enerji Kaynaklar\u0131 : Petrol\u00fcn \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 tek b\u00f6lgedir. Diyarbak\u0131r Havzas\u0131’nda Raman, Garzan, \u015eelmon yataklar\u0131 ile Ad\u0131yaman’da Yanarsu Havzas\u0131’nda \u00e7\u0131kart\u0131l\u0131r. T\u00fcrkiye’nin petrol boru hatlar\u0131 bu b\u00f6lge topraklar\u0131ndan ge\u00e7er. Ayr\u0131ca Cizre’de \u00f6nemli bir enerji kayna\u011f\u0131 olan linyit \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n
Enerji \u00dcretim Tesisleri : B\u00f6lge enerji \u00fcretiminde giderek \u00f6nem kazanmaktad\u0131r. G.A.P. kapsam\u0131nda 22 hidroelektrik santral kurulmas\u0131 planlanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. \u00d6nemli barajlar\u0131 Atat\u00fcrk, Kralk\u0131z\u0131 ve Deve Ge\u00e7idi’dir.<\/p>\n
End\u00fcstri<\/p>\n
Ba\u015fl\u0131ca end\u00fcstri tesisleri \u015funlard\u0131r :<\/p>\n
Besin : Diyarbak\u0131r, \u015eanl\u0131urfa<\/p>\n
\u0130\u00e7ki : Gaziantep, \u015eanl\u0131urfa, Diyarbak\u0131r<\/p>\n
Pamuklu Dokuma : Gaziantep, Ad\u0131yaman, Diyarbak\u0131r<\/p>\n
Battaniye, Kilim, Hal\u0131 : Siirt, Gaziantep<\/p>\n
Petrol Rafinerisi : Batman<\/p>\n
Ula\u015f\u0131m<\/p>\n
B\u00f6lgede \u00f6nemli da\u011f s\u0131ralar\u0131n\u0131n olmamas\u0131 ula\u015f\u0131m\u0131 kolayla\u015ft\u0131rm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Ancak G\u00fcneydo\u011fu Toroslar, \u0130\u00e7 ve Do\u011fu Anadolu ile olan ula\u015f\u0131ma engel olmaktad\u0131r. Irak ve Suriye’ye ba\u011flanan \u00f6nemli yollar da b\u00f6lgeden ge\u00e7mektedir. B\u00f6lgede iki ana demiryolu hatt\u0131 vard\u0131r. Bunlardan biri Kurtalan-Diyabak\u0131r-Gaziantep \u00fczerinden Do\u011fu ve \u0130\u00e7 Anadolu ile ba\u011flant\u0131y\u0131 sa\u011flar. Di\u011feri Adana-Gaziantep \u00fczerinden ge\u00e7erek Nusaybin’e ula\u015f\u0131r. G\u00fcneydo\u011fu Anadolu’daki demiryolu hatt\u0131nda \u00e7o\u011funlukla tar\u0131msal \u00fcr\u00fcn ve maden ta\u015f\u0131n\u0131r.<\/p>\n
Turizm<\/p>\n
Do\u011fal g\u00fczellikleri ve tarihi zenginli\u011fine kar\u015f\u0131n b\u00f6lge turizm a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan yeterince geli\u015fememi\u015ftir. Ad\u0131yaman’daki Nemrut Da\u011f\u0131’nda bulunan Komagene krall\u0131\u011f\u0131na ait mezarlar ve \u00e7e\u015fitli an\u0131tlar adeta a\u00e7\u0131k hava m\u00fczesi durumundad\u0131r. \u015eanl\u0131urfa’daki Bal\u0131kl\u0131 G\u00f6l halk taraf\u0131ndan kutsal say\u0131lmakta, dinsel turizm i\u00e7in potansiyel olu\u015fturmaktad\u0131r. \u00a0Diyarbak\u0131r’da bulunan Orta \u00c7a\u011f’a ait surlar, kuleler b\u00f6lgedeki di\u011fer turistik zenginliklerdir. Ayr\u0131ca Gaziantep Y\u00f6resi’ndeki Karkam\u0131\u015f ve Roma d\u00f6nemine ait kal\u0131nt\u0131lar \u00e7ok fazla turist \u00e7ekmektedir.<\/p>\n
B\u00f6lgenin \u00dclke Ekonomisindeki Yeri<\/p>\n
B\u00f6lgenin T\u00fcrkiye ekonomisine katk\u0131s\u0131 \u00e7ok azd\u0131r. Do\u011fu Anadolu B\u00f6lgesi’nden sonra geri kalm\u0131\u015f ikinci b\u00f6lgemizdir. A\u015fa\u011f\u0131da b\u00f6lge ekonomisinde \u00f6nemli yer tutan \u00fcr\u00fcn ve ekonomik faaliyet t\u00fcrlerinin listesi verilmi\u015ftir.
\nPetrol
\nAntep F\u0131st\u0131\u011f\u0131
\nBaklagiller
\n\u00dcz\u00fcm
\nPamuk
\nHayvanc\u0131l\u0131k<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
G\u00fcneydo\u011fu Anadolu B\u00f6lgesi En k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck co\u011frafi b\u00f6lge olan G\u00fcneydo\u011fu Anadolu B\u00f6lgesi yer \u015fekilleri ve Buna ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak yerle\u015fme ve ekonomik \u00f6zellikler a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan iki b\u00f6l\u00fcme ayr\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. \u00a0Bunlar, Orta F\u0131rat B\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc ve Dicle B\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc’d\u00fcr. B\u00f6lgeyi b\u00f6l\u00fcmlere ay\u0131ran s\u0131n\u0131r Karacada\u011f volkan konisinden ge\u00e7er. Yer \u015fekilleri Yer \u015fekilleri sade olan b\u00f6lgede y\u00fckseltisi fazla olmayan ova ve platolar geni\u015f yer … Devam\u0131n\u0131 oku…<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1686,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[23],"tags":[14170,845],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/39981"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1686"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=39981"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/39981\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=39981"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=39981"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=39981"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}