Hecelerin say\u0131lar\u0131na g\u00f6re de\u011fil de ses de\u011ferlerine g\u00f6re d\u00fczenlenen ve genellikle \u0130sl\u00e2m uygarl\u0131\u011f\u0131na ba\u011fl\u0131 uluslarca naz\u0131mda kullan\u0131lan ahenk \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcs\u00fc. Arap\u00e7ada “yan, y\u00f6n, yanak, yol, y\u00f6ntem, b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00e7ad\u0131rlar\u0131n orta dire\u011fi” gibi anlamlara gelir. \u0130lkin Araplarca kullan\u0131ld\u0131, 8. y\u00fczy\u0131lda Basral\u0131 dil bilgini \u0130mam Halil taraf\u0131ndan sistemle\u015ftirildi. \u0130sl\u00e2miyet’ten sonra, Arap edebiyat\u0131n\u0131n geli\u015fmesi \u00fczerine b\u00fct\u00fcn dil ve edebiyat kurallar\u0131n\u0131n d\u00fczenleni\u015fi s\u0131ras\u0131nda Arap vezin sistemi ve aruz da d\u00fczenlendi. Bundan sonra geli\u015fen M\u00fcsl\u00fcman \u0130ran edebiyat\u0131, Arap aruzunu, kendi \u00f6zelliklerine uydurarak ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 gibi, T\u00fcrk, Hint (Urdu), K\u00fcrt ve Afgan edebiyatlar\u0131 da Acem vezin sistemini ve aruzunu, dillerinin ve eski edeb\u00ee k\u00fclt\u00fcrlerinin etkisiyle baz\u0131 de\u011fi\u015fikliklerle ald\u0131lar. Arap ve Fars edebiyatlar\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7ok iyi bilen, iki dilde de kolayl\u0131kla \u015fiir s\u00f6yleyebilen kentli ayd\u0131nlar\u0131n, bir s\u00fcre modaya uyarak Fars\u00e7a \u015fiirler yazd\u0131klar\u0131, sonra da ayn\u0131 \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcyle T\u00fcrk\u00e7e \u015fiirler yazmaya giri\u015ftikleri biliniyor.\u00a0Aruz\u00a0vezinleri ses de\u011ferine g\u00f6re d\u00fczenlenmi\u015f olmakla birlikte, geleneksel 11’li hece vezninin de bunda etkisi oldu. Ger\u00e7ekten T\u00fcrklerin kulland\u0131\u011f\u0131 Acem mesnevi vezinleri, biri d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda 11 hecelidir. Bu nedenle yabanc\u0131\u00a0ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lar, Sultan Veled’in kimi \u015fiirlerinin, \u00c2\u015f\u0131k Pa\u015fa’n\u0131n “Garibn\u00e2me”sinin heceyle yaz\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 yan\u0131lg\u0131s\u0131na d\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcler. Ayr\u0131ca aruzun, Arap\u00e7a s\u00f6zc\u00fcklerin uzun ya da k\u0131sa s\u00f6yleni\u015flerine g\u00f6re d\u00fczenlendi\u011fi, T\u00fcrk\u00e7e s\u00f6zc\u00fcklerin ses yap\u0131s\u0131n\u0131nsa buna uymad\u0131\u011f\u0131, imale (\u00e7ekme) ve vasllarla (ulama) ayn\u0131 s\u00f6zc\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn de\u011fi\u015fik dizelerde de\u011fi\u015fik bi\u00e7imlerde okundu\u011fu g\u00f6z \u00f6n\u00fcne al\u0131n\u0131rsa bu do\u011fald\u0131r.<\/p>\n
16. y\u00fczy\u0131l \u015fairlerinden Fuzuli’nin sert dil olarak niteledi\u011fi T\u00fcrk\u00e7enin bu yap\u0131sal \u00f6zelli\u011fi, 11. y\u00fczy\u0131ldan ba\u015flayarak yayg\u0131n bi\u00e7imde kullan\u0131lan aruzun etkisiyle T\u00fcrk\u00e7ede yabanc\u0131 s\u00f6zc\u00fcklerin artmas\u0131na yol a\u00e7t\u0131. Yabanc\u0131 s\u00f6zc\u00fckler artt\u0131k\u00e7a da naz\u0131m tekni\u011fine ili\u015fkin bozukluklar azald\u0131.\u00a0Aruzun kullan\u0131lmaya ba\u015flamas\u0131yla \u00f6zellikle \u00c7a\u011fatay ve Azeri alanlar\u0131nda tuyug, ko\u015fuk, t\u00fcrk\u00fc, tarhani gibi naz\u0131m bi\u00e7imlerinin ortaya \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131\u011f\u0131, Osmanl\u0131 \u015fiirinde de sonradan \u015fark\u0131 ad\u0131 verilen, murabbalar\u0131n yaz\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcr. Hepsinde ortak nokta, bu \u015fiirlerin belli bir besteyle okunmak i\u00e7in yaz\u0131lm\u0131\u015f olmalar\u0131d\u0131r. \u00c2\u015f\u0131k ve z\u00fcmre-tarikat edebiyat\u0131nda bu daha \u00e7ok g\u00f6ze \u00e7arpar, iki ayr\u0131 gelene\u011fin birbirini etkilemesi sonucu divan \u015fiirinde ve \u0130ran edebiyat\u0131nda g\u00f6r\u00fclmeyen, aruzla yaz\u0131lm\u0131\u015f naz\u0131m bi\u00e7imleri geli\u015ftirilir. Divan, semai, selis, kalenderi, \u015fatran\u00e7 bunlar aras\u0131ndad\u0131r. S\u00f6zc\u00fc\u011f\u00fc olu\u015fturan hecelerin ses de\u011ferine dayanan aruzda, Arap\u00e7a s\u00f6zc\u00fcklerin yap\u0131s\u0131na uyularak sebeb, veted, fas\u0131la diye \u00fc\u00e7e ayr\u0131lan heceler ef\u00e2il \u00fc tef\u00e2il denilen sekiz k\u00fcmede topland\u0131 (fe\u00fbl\u00fcn, f\u00e2il\u00fcn, f\u00e2il\u00e2t\u00fcn, m\u00fcstef’il\u00fcn, mef\u00e2il\u00fcn, m\u00fctef\u00e2il\u00fcn, m\u00fcf\u00e2alet\u00fcn, mef’\u00fbl\u00e2t). Anlam\u0131 olmayan, yaln\u0131zca ses de\u011ferini belirten bu sekiz s\u00f6zc\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn \u00e7e\u015fitli s\u0131ralamalarla bir araya getirilmesi sonucu bahr denen 19 dizi olu\u015fturuldu. Bu 19 bahirden her biri de kendi i\u00e7inde ayr\u0131ca \u00e7o\u011falt\u0131ld\u0131, kimi kal\u0131plar kimi belli bi\u00e7imler i\u00e7in kullan\u0131ld\u0131.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Hecelerin say\u0131lar\u0131na g\u00f6re de\u011fil de ses de\u011ferlerine g\u00f6re d\u00fczenlenen ve genellikle \u0130sl\u00e2m uygarl\u0131\u011f\u0131na ba\u011fl\u0131 uluslarca naz\u0131mda kullan\u0131lan ahenk \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcs\u00fc. Arap\u00e7ada “yan, y\u00f6n, yanak, yol, y\u00f6ntem, b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00e7ad\u0131rlar\u0131n orta dire\u011fi” gibi anlamlara gelir. \u0130lkin Araplarca kullan\u0131ld\u0131, 8. y\u00fczy\u0131lda Basral\u0131 dil bilgini \u0130mam Halil taraf\u0131ndan sistemle\u015ftirildi. \u0130sl\u00e2miyet’ten sonra, Arap edebiyat\u0131n\u0131n geli\u015fmesi \u00fczerine b\u00fct\u00fcn dil ve edebiyat kurallar\u0131n\u0131n … Devam\u0131n\u0131 oku…<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1686,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[13916],"tags":[14068,14067],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/39850"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1686"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=39850"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/39850\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=39850"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=39850"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=39850"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}