MARMARA B\u00d6LGES\u0130<\/p>\n
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1. Konumu ve S\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131<\/p>\n
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T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin kuzeybat\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 olu\u015fturur. ismini Marmara Denizi\u2019nden alm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Avrupa k\u0131tas\u0131ndaki topraklar\u0131m\u0131z\u0131n tamam\u0131 b\u00f6lge s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131 i\u00e7indedir. B\u00f6lge do\u011fuda Adapazar\u0131 ovas\u0131 ile Bilecik\u2019in do\u011fusuna kadar uzan\u0131r. B\u00f6lgenin g\u00fcney s\u0131n\u0131r\u0131 Kazda\u011f\u0131\u2019ndan ba\u015flayarak Bal\u0131kesir ovas\u0131n\u0131 i\u00e7ine al\u0131r ve Uluda\u011f\u2019\u0131n g\u00fcneyinden ge\u00e7er. \u00c7anakkale a\u00e7\u0131klar\u0131ndaki G\u00f6k\u00e7eada ve Bozcaada b\u00f6lgede bulunur. B\u00f6lge \u00fclkemiz y\u00fcz\u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fcn %8,5’ine sahiptir. Y\u00fcz\u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcm\u00fcn b\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc bak\u0131m\u0131ndan b\u00f6lgeler aras\u0131nda alt\u0131nc\u0131 s\u0131radad\u0131r.<\/p>\n
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B\u00f6lgenin b\u00f6l\u00fcmleri \u00c7atalca – Kocaeli, Ergene, Y\u0131ld\u0131z Da\u011flar\u0131 ve G\u00fcney Marmara\u2019d\u0131r.<\/p>\n
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2. Yery\u00fcz\u00fc \u015fekilleri<\/p>\n
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T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin ortalama y\u00fckseltisi en az olan b\u00f6lgesidir. En \u00f6nemli y\u00fckseltilerini kuzeyde Y\u0131ld\u0131z Da\u011flar\u0131, g\u00fcneyde Samanl\u0131 Da\u011flar\u0131 ile Uluda\u011f olu\u015fturur. Uluda\u011f 2543 m. ile b\u00f6lgenin en y\u00fcksek yeridir.<\/p>\n
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B\u00f6lgede al\u00e7ak, tepelik alanlar ile dalgal\u0131 d\u00fczl\u00fckler geni\u015f yer kaplar.<\/p>\n
En \u00f6nemli ovalar\u0131, Ergene, Adapazar\u0131, Bursa, Karacabey, ineg\u00f6l, Pamukova, G\u00f6nen ve Bal\u0131kesir ovalar\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n
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Meri\u00e7, Ergene, Sakarya ve Susurluk b\u00f6lgenin en b\u00fcy\u00fck akarsular\u0131d\u0131r. B\u00f6lgenin ortalama y\u00fckseltisi az oldu\u011fu i\u00e7in akarsular\u0131n enerji potansiyelleri d\u00fc\u015f\u00fckt\u00fcr.<\/p>\n
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Manyas, Ulubat, iznik, Sapanca, B\u00fcy\u00fck ve K\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck \u00c7ekmece ile Durusu (Terkos) b\u00f6lgede yer alan g\u00f6llerdir. Kuzey Anadolu fay hatt\u0131n\u0131n bir k\u0131sm\u0131 bu b\u00f6lgeden ge\u00e7er.<\/p>\n
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3. iklim<\/p>\n
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Marmara B\u00f6lgesi\u2019nde Akdeniz, Karadeniz ve karasal iklim \u00f6zelliklerinin hepsi g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcr. B\u00f6lge y\u0131lda ortalama 500 – 700 mm. aras\u0131nda ya\u011f\u0131\u015f al\u0131r. \u00d6rne\u011fin, istanbul 677 mm, Bursa 696 mm, Edirne 586 mm. ya\u011f\u0131\u015f almaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n
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B\u00f6lgedeki y\u0131ll\u0131k ortalama s\u0131cakl\u0131k 13 – 15 \u00b0C\u2019dir. istanbul\u2019da, en s\u0131cak ay ortalamas\u0131 23,2 \u00b0C iken, en so\u011fuk ay ortalamas\u0131 5,6 \u00b0C dir. G\u00fcney Marmara B\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc\u2019n\u00fcn da\u011fl\u0131k i\u00e7 k\u0131s\u0131mlar\u0131nda ve Ergene Havzas\u0131\u2019nda karasal iklim ko\u015fullar\u0131 etkili iken, Karadeniz k\u0131y\u0131 \u015feridinde Karadeniz iklimi g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcr. Marmara ve Ege Denizi \u00e7evresindeki 300 – 400 m. y\u00fcksekli\u011fe kadar olan alanlarda ise Akdeniz ge\u00e7i\u015f iklimi etkilidir.<\/p>\n
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4. Bitki \u00d6rt\u00fcs\u00fc<\/p>\n
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B\u00f6lge, bitki \u00f6rt\u00fcs\u00fc \u00e7e\u015fitlili\u011fi a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan zengindir. Bu durum, b\u00f6lgedeki iklim \u00e7e\u015fitlili\u011finin fazla olmas\u0131ndan kaynaklan\u0131r. Ergene Havzas\u0131\u2019n\u0131n karakteristik bitki \u00f6rt\u00fcs\u00fc, ormanlar\u0131n tahrip edilmesi ile olu\u015fmu\u015f antropojen bozk\u0131rd\u0131r. Y\u0131ld\u0131z Da\u011flar\u0131\u2019n\u0131n Karadeniz\u2019e bakan yama\u00e7lar\u0131 ile Koru ve I\u015f\u0131k da\u011flar\u0131nda ormanlar yer al\u0131r. Marmara ve Ege Denizi \u00e7evresinde, Akdeniz ikliminin etkisi ile 300 – 400 m. y\u00fcksekli\u011fe kadar maki topluluklar\u0131 bulunur. G\u00fcney Marmara\u2019n\u0131n y\u00fcksek kesimlerinde ise, i\u011fne yaprakl\u0131 ormanlar yer al\u0131r. B\u00f6lge, T\u00fcrkiye ormanlar\u0131n\u0131n % 13’\u00fcn\u00fc kaplayarak b\u00f6lgeler aras\u0131nda d\u00f6rd\u00fcnc\u00fc s\u0131rada bulunur.<\/p>\n
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5. N\u00fcfus ve Yerle\u015fme<\/p>\n
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N\u00fcfus ve n\u00fcfus yo\u011funlu\u011funun en fazla oldu\u011fu b\u00f6lgedir. T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin toplam n\u00fcfusununun yakla\u015f\u0131k % 20 sinden fazlas\u0131 bu b\u00f6lgede ya\u015far. 2000 n\u00fcfus say\u0131m\u0131na g\u00f6re b\u00f6lge n\u00fcfusu 17,4 milyon, n\u00fcfus yo\u011funlu\u011fu ger\u00e7ek alana g\u00f6re km2 ye 258 ki\u015fidir.<\/p>\n
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B\u00f6lgede \u015fehir n\u00fcfusu fazla iken, k\u0131r n\u00fcfusu olduk\u00e7a azd\u0131r. Di\u011fer b\u00f6lgelerden g\u00f6\u00e7 ald\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan n\u00fcfusu s\u00fcrekli olarak artmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n
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6. Ekonomik \u00d6zellikler<\/p>\n
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Marmara B\u00f6lgesi, b\u00f6lge y\u00fcz\u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcm\u00fcne g\u00f6re tar\u0131m alanlar\u0131 oran\u0131n\u0131n en fazla oldu\u011fu b\u00f6lgemizdir. B\u00f6lge, T\u00fcrkiye ay\u00e7i\u00e7e\u011fi ve pirin\u00e7 \u00fcretiminde birincidir. Zeytin, t\u00fct\u00fcn, \u015fekerpancar\u0131, \u00fcz\u00fcm, m\u0131s\u0131r ve bu\u011fday tar\u0131m\u0131 yap\u0131lan di\u011fer \u00fcr\u00fcnlerdir.<\/p>\n
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Marmara, ah\u0131r ve k\u00fcmes hayvanc\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n en fazla geli\u015fti\u011fi b\u00f6lgemizdir. Bu durum, b\u00f6lgede ba\u015fta t\u00fcketici n\u00fcfusun fazlal\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve pazarlama sorununun \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fclm\u00fc\u015f olmas\u0131 ile ilgilidir. Yine Marmara, T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de ipekb\u00f6cek\u00e7ili\u011finin en fazla yap\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 b\u00f6lgedir.<\/p>\n
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B\u00f6lge, bor mineralleri \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131m\u0131nda T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de birincidir. Mermer, linyit, barit, volfram ve do\u011fal gaz b\u00f6lgede \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lan di\u011fer yeralt\u0131 zenginlikleridir. End\u00fcstrinin en \u00e7ok geli\u015fti\u011fi b\u00f6lgedir. T\u00fcrkiye\u2019deki end\u00fcstri kurulu\u015flar\u0131n\u0131n % 75’i bu b\u00f6lgededir. Makine, kimya, ila\u00e7, dokuma, tekstil ve g\u0131da gibi hemen her t\u00fcr end\u00fcstri kurulu\u015funu Marmara B\u00f6lgesi\u2019nde g\u00f6rmek m\u00fcmk\u00fcnd\u00fcr.<\/p>\n
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Marmara, T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de i\u00e7 ve d\u0131\u015f ticaretin en fazla geli\u015fti\u011fi b\u00f6lgedir. B\u00f6lge ticaretinin geli\u015fmesinde, tar\u0131m ve end\u00fcstrinin \u00e7ok geli\u015fmi\u015f olmas\u0131 ile ula\u015f\u0131m a\u011f\u0131n\u0131n \u00e7ok s\u0131k ve kolay olmas\u0131n\u0131n da rol\u00fc vard\u0131r. Marmara B\u00f6lgesi, turizm potansiyellerinin hemen hepsine sahiptir. Dolay\u0131s\u0131 ile turizm gelirlerinin en \u00e7ok oldu\u011fu b\u00f6lgemizdir.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
MARMARA B\u00d6LGES\u0130 1. Konumu ve S\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131 T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin kuzeybat\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 olu\u015fturur. ismini Marmara Denizi\u2019nden alm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Avrupa k\u0131tas\u0131ndaki topraklar\u0131m\u0131z\u0131n tamam\u0131 b\u00f6lge s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131 i\u00e7indedir. B\u00f6lge do\u011fuda Adapazar\u0131 ovas\u0131 ile Bilecik\u2019in do\u011fusuna kadar uzan\u0131r. B\u00f6lgenin g\u00fcney s\u0131n\u0131r\u0131 Kazda\u011f\u0131\u2019ndan ba\u015flayarak Bal\u0131kesir ovas\u0131n\u0131 i\u00e7ine al\u0131r ve Uluda\u011f\u2019\u0131n g\u00fcneyinden ge\u00e7er. \u00c7anakkale a\u00e7\u0131klar\u0131ndaki G\u00f6k\u00e7eada ve Bozcaada b\u00f6lgede bulunur. B\u00f6lge \u00fclkemiz y\u00fcz\u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fcn %8,5’ine … Devam\u0131n\u0131 oku…<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1685,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[23],"tags":[13870,13869,13871],"class_list":["post-39564","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-cografya","tag-maramara-bolgesi-genel-ozellikleri","tag-marmara-bolgesi-ders-notu","tag-marmara-bolgesi-fiziki-ve-cografi-ozellikleri"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/39564","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1685"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=39564"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/39564\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=39564"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=39564"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=39564"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}