{"id":39528,"date":"2012-12-09T22:17:00","date_gmt":"2012-12-09T20:17:00","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/?p=39528"},"modified":"2012-12-09T22:17:00","modified_gmt":"2012-12-09T20:17:00","slug":"ic-organlarimizin-gorevleri","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/ic-organlarimizin-gorevleri.html","title":{"rendered":"\u0130\u00e7 organlar\u0131m\u0131z\u0131n g\u00f6revleri"},"content":{"rendered":"

Kalp<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0130\u00e7i bo\u015f, kas yap\u0131s\u0131nda bir organ olan kalp g\u00f6\u011f\u00fcs bo\u015flu\u011fu i\u00e7inde her iki akci\u011fer aras\u0131nda b\u00fcy\u00fck bir alan\u0131 kaplar. Etraf\u0131, perikard ad\u0131 verilen bir zar ile sar\u0131l\u0131d\u0131r. Kalp, iki akci\u011fer aras\u0131nda tepesi a\u015fa\u011f\u0131da taban\u0131 yukar\u0131da bir koni gibidir. \u00dc\u00e7te biri orta \u00e7izginin sa\u011f\u0131nda, \u00fc\u00e7te ikisi sol yan\u0131ndad\u0131r. Genel olarak sternum ( iman tahtas\u0131 ) arkas\u0131nda e\u011fik olarak durur. Ekseni, yukar\u0131dan a\u015fa\u011f\u0131ya, arkadan \u00f6ne ve sa\u011fdan sola do\u011frudur.<\/p>\n

G\u00fcnde yakla\u015f\u0131k 100 bin, y\u0131lda 40 milyon, t\u00fcm insan hayat\u0131 boyunca yakla\u015f\u0131k 2,5 milyar kere, hi\u00e7 durmadan yakla\u015f\u0131k 8 ton kan\u0131 v\u00fccuda pompalar.<\/p>\n

B\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc yeti\u015fkin bir insan kalbinin b\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc yakla\u015f\u0131k olarak yumru\u011funun b\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc ile e\u015fde\u011fer say\u0131l\u0131r. Taban tepe uzakl\u0131\u011f\u0131 12 cm, en geni\u015f yerinde 8-9 cm, \u00f6n-arka \u00e7ap\u0131 6 cm. dir. Erkekte a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131 280-340 gr. kad\u0131nda 230-280 gr. aras\u0131ndad\u0131r. B\u00f6l\u00fcmleri; Sa\u011f atrium (Sa\u011f kulak\u00e7\u0131k) Sol atrium (Sol kulak\u00e7\u0131k) Sa\u011f ventrik\u00fcl (Sa\u011f kar\u0131nc\u0131k) Sol ventrik\u00fcl (Sol kar\u0131nc\u0131k)<\/p>\n

Her canl\u0131da dokular\u0131n, organlar\u0131n ve h\u00fccrelerin; oksijen, karbondioksit, aminoasitler, ya\u011flar, vitaminler ve mineraller gibi madde ve besinlere gereksinimi vard\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Metabolizma faaliyetleri sonucunda olu\u015fan art\u0131k \u00fcr\u00fcnlerin de v\u00fccuttan uzakla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131, v\u00fccut \u0131s\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n d\u00fczenlenmesi, asit-baz dengesinin korunmas\u0131, hormonlar ve enzimlerin v\u00fccudun gerekli b\u00f6lgelerine ta\u015f\u0131nmas\u0131 gerekir. B\u00fct\u00fcn bu i\u015flemleri kalp ve damarlardan olu\u015fan dola\u015f\u0131m sistemi yapar.<\/p>\n

Kalp bu sistem i\u00e7erisinde motor g\u00f6revi yapar. Kalp dakikada 60-80 vuru\u015f aras\u0131nda de\u011fi\u015fen bir h\u0131zla kan\u0131 v\u00fccuda pompalar.<\/p>\n

Karaci\u011fer<\/strong><\/p>\n

Diyafram\u0131n hemen alt\u0131nda, sa\u011f tarafta, yakla\u015f\u0131k olarak 2 kilogram a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131nda koyu k\u0131rm\u0131z\u0131 renkte yumu\u015fak bir organd\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Karaci\u011ferin g\u00f6revi :<\/p>\n

a. Proteinlerin \u00fcretilmesi ve depolanmas\u0131, protein metabolizmalar\u0131n\u0131n bir\u00e7ok yan \u00fcretimlerinin tanzim ve kontrol edilmesi.
\nb. \u015eekerin depolanmas\u0131 ve kanda bulunmas\u0131 gereken \u015feker miktar\u0131n\u0131n ayarlanmas\u0131.
\nc. V\u00fccuttaki toksik ve zararl\u0131 maddelerin n\u00f6tralize edilmesi.
\nd. Depo edilmi\u015f ya\u011flar\u0131n kullan\u0131lmas\u0131.
\ne. Kan\u0131n p\u0131ht\u0131la\u015fmas\u0131 i\u00e7in gerekli maddelerin \u00fcretilmesi.
\nf. Safra ve safra tuzlar\u0131m\u0131n \u00fcretilmesi. Bunlar kanallardan ba\u011f\u0131rsaklara ifraz edilmekte ve sindirime yard\u0131mc\u0131 olmaktad\u0131rlar.
\ng. K\u0131rm\u0131z\u0131 kan h\u00fccreleri ve ba\u015fka kan elemanlar\u0131m\u0131n \u00fcretimi i\u00e7in gerekli ve \u00f6nemli olan maddelerin \u00fcretimi ve depolanmas\u0131.<\/p>\n

h. G\u00fcnde yakla\u015f\u0131k olarak 4 su barda\u011f\u0131 (1 litre) safra salg\u0131lar.<\/p>\n

i. V\u00fccudun \u0131s\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 ayarlar.<\/p>\n

j. V\u00fccudun ihtiyac\u0131 olan su ve vitaminleri yapar.<\/p>\n

k. Kan miktar\u0131n\u0131 ayarlar.<\/p>\n

l. Hormonlar\u0131n g\u00f6revleri \u00fczerinde etkili olur.<\/p>\n

Akci\u011fer<\/strong><\/p>\n

G\u00f6\u011f\u00fcs bo\u015flu\u011fu i\u00e7inde bulunan ve solunuma yarayan organ. G\u00f6\u011f\u00fcs bo\u015flu\u011funun sa\u011f ve sol yanlar\u0131nda bulunan iki ayr\u0131 par\u00e7adan meydana gelmi\u015ftir. \u00dczeri Plevra denen bir zarla kapl\u0131d\u0131r. \u0130\u00e7erisi, hava ile dolu olan ve “akci\u011fer kesecikleri” denen bo\u015fluklardan yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Sa\u011f akci\u011fer \u00fc\u00e7 loba, sol akci\u011fer iki loba ayr\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. \u0130\u00e7 yan y\u00fczlerinden bron\u015flar, atardamarlar, toplardamarlar lenfalar ve sinirler \u00e7\u0131kar. Ana g\u00f6revi atmosferdeki oksijeni kan dola\u015f\u0131m\u0131na nakletmek ve kan dola\u015f\u0131m\u0131ndaki karbondioksiti atmosfere \u00e7\u0131kartmakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Dalak<\/strong><\/p>\n

Kar\u0131n bo\u015flu\u011funun solunda, midenin arka taraf\u0131nda bulunan dalak; eskimi\u015f k\u0131rm\u0131z\u0131 kan h\u00fccrelerini yok eder, gerekti\u011fi zaman da yeni k\u0131rm\u0131z\u0131 kan h\u00fccreleri imal eder. S\u0131tma ve tifo gibi bula\u015f\u0131c\u0131 hastal\u0131klar veya kans\u0131zl\u0131k sonucu dalak hastalanabilir.<\/p>\n

\u0130nce Ba\u011f\u0131rsak<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0130nce ba\u011f\u0131rsak k\u0131vr\u0131ml\u0131 bir y\u00fczey yap\u0131s\u0131na sahiptir ki bu besinlerin ba\u011f\u0131rsak duvar\u0131ndan dif\u00fczyonu ve b\u00f6ylece de emilimi i\u00e7in uygun olan y\u00fczey alan\u0131n\u0131 artt\u0131r. Yeti\u015fkin bir insan\u0131n ince ba\u011f\u0131rsa\u011f\u0131, ortalama olarak, yakla\u015f\u0131k 7 metre uzunlu\u011fundad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Kal\u0131n Ba\u011f\u0131rsak (kolon)<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0130nce ba\u011f\u0131rsak ile an\u00fcs aras\u0131ndaki k\u0131s\u0131md\u0131r. Toplam uzunlu\u011fu 1.5 metre olup, sindirim sisteminin be\u015fte birini olu\u015fturur. Kar\u0131n i\u00e7erisinde ters d\u00f6nm\u00fc\u015f U harfi \u015feklinde karn\u0131n sa\u011f alt taraf\u0131ndan k\u00f6r barsak (\u00e7ekum ) ile ba\u015flar ve yukar\u0131 do\u011fru \u00e7\u0131kar (\u00e7\u0131kan kolon) karaci\u011fer alt\u0131ndan keskin bir d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015fle karn\u0131 yatay olarak (transvers kolon) ge\u00e7er Sol \u00fcst k\u00f6\u015fede yerle\u015fen dala\u011f\u0131n alt\u0131na geldi\u011finde yine keskin bir d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f yaparak sol taraftan a\u015fa\u011f\u0131ya do\u011fru y\u00f6nelir (inen kolon). \u0130nenkolon, sigmoid kolon denilen kolonun son k\u0131sm\u0131 ile Rektumla birle\u015fir.<\/p>\n

Mide<\/strong><\/p>\n

Kar\u0131n b\u00f6lgesinin sol taraf\u0131nda, kaburga kemiklerinin arkas\u0131nda ve diyafram\u0131n alt\u0131nda, oyuk ve torba bi\u00e7iminde olan bir organd\u0131r. Bo\u015f mide yakla\u015f\u0131k 15 – 20 santim uzunlu\u011funda, 7,5 – 10 santim geni\u015fli\u011findedir.<\/p>\n

Sindirim ayg\u0131t\u0131n\u0131n yemek borusu ile ba\u011f\u0131rsak ba\u015f\u0131 aras\u0131nda bulunan k\u0131sm\u0131 olup, i\u00e7ine giren yiyeceklerin kimyasal ve fiziksel olarak par\u00e7aland\u0131\u011f\u0131 yerdir. Mide kendi \u00e7\u0131kard\u0131\u011f\u0131 asitten kendini korumak i\u00e7in yap\u0131\u015fkan, alkalen-bazik bir mukus da \u00fcretir.<\/p>\n

B\u00f6brek<\/strong><\/p>\n

Omurgal\u0131larda bulunan fasulye \u015feklinde bo\u015falt\u0131m organlar\u0131d\u0131rlar.<\/p>\n

B\u00f6bre\u011fin g\u00f6revi ,proteinlerin par\u00e7alanmas\u0131 sonucunda olu\u015fan \u00fcre gibi zararl\u0131 maddeleri v\u00fccuttan uzakla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131rken, di\u011fer yandan v\u00fccudun s\u0131v\u0131, mineral ve asit-alkali dengesini de d\u00fczenler.<\/p>\n

Pankreas<\/strong><\/p>\n

Kar\u0131n bo\u015flu\u011funun \u00fcst taraf\u0131nda ve bel omurlar\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6n k\u0131sm\u0131nda yerle\u015fik bir organd\u0131r. Salg\u0131lar\u0131yla sindirim fonksiyonuna yard\u0131mc\u0131 olur ve kan \u015fekerini d\u00fczenler.<\/p>\n

Yemek Borusu<\/strong><\/p>\n

Yenilen g\u0131dalar\u0131n a\u011f\u0131zdan sonraki ge\u00e7i\u015f b\u00f6lgesi, bo\u011faz.\u0130\u00e7ten d\u0131\u015fa do\u011fru \u00f6rt\u00fc epiteli, d\u00fcz kas ve ba\u011f dokudan olu\u015fmu\u015ftur. Besinler yemek borusundan ge\u00e7erken yemek borusu peristaltik hareketler yapar. Yemek borusunda sindirim ger\u00e7ekle\u015fmez. Besinler yemek borusundan mideye ge\u00e7i\u015f yapar. Yemek borusu a\u011f\u0131z ve mideyi birle\u015ftirir.<\/p>\n

Apandis<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0130nsanlarda, kal\u0131n barsa\u011f\u0131n bir \u00e7\u0131k\u0131nt\u0131s\u0131 olan k\u00f6rbarsa\u011f\u0131n alt b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcne tutunmu\u015f, serbest olan \u00f6b\u00fcr ucu \u00e7\u0131kmaz halinde sonlanan solucan \u015feklinde bir barsak \u00e7\u0131k\u0131nt\u0131s\u0131. Bu \u00e7\u0131k\u0131nt\u0131n\u0131n uzunlu\u011fu, 7-12 cm. dir.G\u00f6revi bademciklerin ve lenf d\u00fc\u011f\u00fcmlerinin g\u00f6revine benzer; kal\u0131nba\u011f\u0131rsakta bulunan mikroplar\u0131 yok ederek hastal\u0131k yapmalar\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6nleme\u011fe \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Safra kesesi<\/strong><\/p>\n

Karaci\u011ferden salg\u0131lanan safran\u0131n topland\u0131\u011f\u0131, karacigerin alt k\u0131sm\u0131nda bulunan torba \u015feklinde bir organ.Kesenin g\u00f6revi, safray\u0131 depolay\u0131p, yo\u011funla\u015ft\u0131rmak, ve gerekli aral\u0131klarla oniki parmak barsa\u011f\u0131na safra salg\u0131lamakt\u0131r.Yemek yendi\u011fi zaman safrakesesi kas\u0131l\u0131r ve konsantre safra ince barsa\u011fa akar ve yemeklerin sindirilmesine yard\u0131m eder.<\/p>\n

Pankreas<\/strong><\/p>\n

Kar\u0131n bo\u015flu\u011funun \u00fcst taraf\u0131nda ve bel omurlar\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6n k\u0131sm\u0131nda yerle\u015fik bir organd\u0131r. Salg\u0131lar\u0131yla sindirm fonksiyonuna yard\u0131mc\u0131 olur ve kan \u015fekerini d\u00fczenler.<\/p>\n

Ortalama 15-20 cm uzunlu\u011funda ve kad\u0131nlarda 55 gr erkeklerde 70 gr a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131ndad\u0131r. \u00d6nden arkaya do\u011fru yass\u0131la\u015fan pankreas\u0131n d\u00fczensiz olan bi\u00e7imi \u00e7engele benzetilebilir.<\/p>\n

Yeti\u015fkinlerde, g\u00fcnde 800-900 cm\u00b3 pankreas \u00f6zsuyu salg\u0131lan\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Soluk Borusu<\/strong><\/p>\n

Nefes borusu (soluk borusu) veya trakea, v\u00fccutta solunan havan\u0131n ge\u00e7ti\u011fi, boru \u015feklinde bir organd\u0131r. Bu boru havay\u0131 ci\u011ferlerimize g\u00f6ndermemizi sa\u011flar.Omurgal\u0131larda trakea havan\u0131n bo\u011fazdan akci\u011ferlere ge\u00e7i\u015fini sa\u011flarken, omurgas\u0131zlarda d\u0131\u015far\u0131daki havay\u0131 do\u011frudan i\u00e7 dokulara ula\u015ft\u0131r\u0131r.<\/p>\n

E\u011fer soluk borumuza kazayla yiyecek ka\u00e7arsa soluk alamay\u0131p t\u0131kanabilir.Bu nedenle, biz yutkunurken k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck dil soluk borumuzu kapat\u0131r ve yiyeceklerin yemek borusundan a\u015fa\u011f\u0131ya do\u011fru gidip midemize ula\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flar.<\/p>\n

An\u00fcs (makat)<\/strong><\/p>\n

Sindirim kanal\u0131n\u0131n biti\u015f k\u0131sm\u0131. D\u0131\u015fk\u0131lar bo\u015falt\u0131m s\u0131ras\u0131nda an\u00fcsten ge\u00e7erek v\u00fccuttan at\u0131l\u0131rlar.<\/p>\n

Rektum<\/strong><\/p>\n

Kal\u0131n ba\u011f\u0131rsa\u011f\u0131n son b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcd\u00fcr. An\u00fcse a\u00e7\u0131l\u0131r. D\u0131\u015fk\u0131n\u0131n at\u0131l\u0131mdan \u00f6nce tutuldu\u011fu yerdir. Rektumun son birka\u00e7 santimetresi deriye benzer bir doku ile kapl\u0131d\u0131r. Kal\u0131n barsa\u011f\u0131n geni\u015flemesi sonucu olu\u015fan ortalama 15 cm uzunlu\u011funda olup sindirim sistemimizin son k\u0131sm\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Onikiparmak Ba\u011f\u0131rsa\u011f\u0131<\/strong><\/p>\n

Onikiparmak ba\u011f\u0131rsa\u011f\u0131 midenin hemen \u00f6tesinde 5 – 10 santim kadar uzayan inceba\u011f\u0131rsa\u011f\u0131n bir k\u0131sm\u0131d\u0131r. C harfi g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcndedir. Bu ba\u011f\u0131rsa\u011f\u0131n her zaman mide ile ili\u015fik g\u00f6r\u00fclmesinin nedeni ise, mideye tesir eden rahats\u0131zl\u0131klar\u0131n \u00e7o\u011funlukla onikiparmak ba\u011f\u0131rsa\u011f\u0131n\u0131 da etkilemekte olmas\u0131ndan ileri gelmektedir.<\/p>\n

Onikiparmak ba\u011f\u0131rsa\u011f\u0131n\u0131n \u00e7eperi g\u0131da maddelerinin sindirimine yard\u0131mc\u0131 olan baz\u0131 usareleri \u00fcretmektedir.. Safra onikiparmak ba\u011f\u0131rsa\u011f\u0131nda depo edilmektedir ve pankreas usareleri da bu ba\u011f\u0131rsa\u011fa bo\u015falmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Kalp \u0130\u00e7i bo\u015f, kas yap\u0131s\u0131nda bir organ olan kalp g\u00f6\u011f\u00fcs bo\u015flu\u011fu i\u00e7inde her iki akci\u011fer aras\u0131nda b\u00fcy\u00fck bir alan\u0131 kaplar. Etraf\u0131, perikard ad\u0131 verilen bir zar ile sar\u0131l\u0131d\u0131r. Kalp, iki akci\u011fer aras\u0131nda tepesi a\u015fa\u011f\u0131da taban\u0131 yukar\u0131da bir koni gibidir. \u00dc\u00e7te biri orta \u00e7izginin sa\u011f\u0131nda, \u00fc\u00e7te ikisi sol yan\u0131ndad\u0131r. Genel olarak sternum ( iman tahtas\u0131 ) … Devam\u0131n\u0131 oku…<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[44],"tags":[13317,13831,13833,13830,13828,13832,13834],"class_list":["post-39528","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-biyoloji","tag-akciger","tag-bobrek","tag-dalak","tag-ic-organlarimiz","tag-kalp","tag-karaciger","tag-mide"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/39528","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=39528"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/39528\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=39528"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=39528"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=39528"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}