{"id":39315,"date":"2012-12-06T23:40:49","date_gmt":"2012-12-06T21:40:49","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/?p=39315"},"modified":"2012-12-06T23:40:49","modified_gmt":"2012-12-06T21:40:49","slug":"farabinin-hayati","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/farabinin-hayati.html","title":{"rendered":"Farabi’nin Hayat\u0131"},"content":{"rendered":"

B\u00fcy\u00fck m\u00fctefekkir ve \u00fcnl\u00fc musik\u00ee \u00fcstad\u0131d\u0131r. 870 y\u0131l\u0131nda T\u00fcrkistan\u2019\u0131n Seyhun \u0131rma\u011f\u0131 kenar\u0131ndaki Farab kasabas\u0131nda do\u011fdu. As\u0131l ad\u0131 Ebu Nas\u0131r Muhammed ibn T\u00fcrkan el Farab\u00ee\u2019dir.\u0130lk \u00f6\u011frenimini Farab\u2019da,y\u00fcksek \u00f6\u011frenimini ise Ba\u011fdat\u2019ta yapt\u0131. Fars\u00e7a, Arap\u00e7a, Latince ve Yunanca \u00f6\u011frendi.<\/p>\n

Mant\u0131k, felsefe, matematik, t\u0131p ve musik\u00ee \u00fczerinde b\u00fcy\u00fck bilgi sahibi idi. Bu konular \u00fczerinde 100\u2032den fazla eser verdi. Ancak bug\u00fcn elde sadece 39 eseri kalm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu arada Aristo\u2019nun b\u00fct\u00fcn eserlerinide \u015ferh etti. 950 y\u0131l\u0131nda \u015eam\u2019da vefat etti. Bab\u00fcssag\u00eer mezarl\u0131\u011f\u0131nda yatmaktad\u0131r Onun, \u0130limler Ansiklopedisi (\u0130hs\u00e2u\u2019l-Ul\u00fbm) adl\u0131 eseri, d\u00f6neminin filoloji, mant\u0131k matematik, fizik, kimya, ekonomi ve siyaset alanlar\u0131ndaki b\u00fct\u00fcn bilgileri say\u0131p d\u00f6ker ve \u00f6zet olarak mahiyetlerini anlat\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Farabi<\/a> kanun ad\u0131 verilen saz\u0131 icat etti. Bundan ba\u015fka bir\u00e7ok besteler yapt\u0131 ve \u015fark m\u00fczi\u011fi \u00fczerinde de\u011ferli eserler yazd\u0131. et-Ta\u2019lim\u00fc\u2019s-San\u00ee ve \u0130hs\u00e2u\u2019l-Ul\u00fbm do\u011fu d\u00fcnyas\u0131n\u0131n ilk ansiklopedisi say\u0131lan de\u011ferli eserlerindendir.Bu b\u00fcy\u00fck dahinin eserleri Hindistan\u2019da ve M\u0131s\u0131r\u2019da bas\u0131ld\u0131, \u0130branice\u2019ye ve bat\u0131 dillerine de \u00e7evrildi.B\u00fcy\u00fck bilginlerden, \u0130bni Sina ve \u0130bni R\u00fc\u015ft gibi b\u00fcy\u00fck filozoflar ondan ders ald\u0131lar ve onun ayd\u0131nl\u0131\u011f\u0131nda yeti\u015ftiler<\/p>\n

Farabi\u2019den 300 y\u0131l sonra, Hristiyanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n en b\u00fcy\u00fck doktrineri Thomas d\u2019Aquinas<\/a>, onun fikirlerini hemen hemen aynen tekrarlayarak otorite olur. Farabi\u2019nin sosyolojik incelemesi olan el-Medinet\u00fc\u2019l-F\u00e2d\u0131la adl\u0131 eseri, b\u00fct\u00fcn kainat\u0131n ve kainat i\u00e7indeki varl\u0131klar\u0131n ancak daimi bir m\u00fccadele ile var olduklar\u0131 tezini i\u015fleyerek 5 as\u0131r sonra Hobbes<\/a> ve Darwin\u2019in ortaya atacaklar\u0131 teorilerin \u00f6nc\u00fcs\u00fc olmu\u015ftur.Ayn\u0131 zamanda iyi bir matematik\u00e7i olan Farabi, logaritmay\u0131 da bulmaya \u00e7ok yakla\u015fm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Ancak bu ara\u015ft\u0131rmas\u0131 Bat\u0131 d\u00fcnyas\u0131nda duyulmad\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan, sadece \u0130slam d\u00fcnyas\u0131nda etki do\u011furabildi.<\/p>\n

Ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131 devirde ilim dilinin Arap\u00e7a olmas\u0131 y\u00fcz\u00fcnden b\u00fct\u00fcn eserlerini Arap\u00e7a kaleme alan Farab\u00ee, do\u011fu \u00e2leminin ve T\u00fcrkl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn ilk b\u00fcy\u00fck fikir adam\u0131 say\u0131l\u0131r. Ayn\u0131 devirlerde Bat\u0131 d\u00fcnyas\u0131nda ilim dilinin Grek\u00e7e ve Latince olmas\u0131 y\u00fcz\u00fcnden b\u00fct\u00fcn bat\u0131l\u0131 bilim adamlar\u0131n\u0131n eserlerini bu dillerle yazd\u0131klar\u0131 g\u00f6z \u00f6n\u00fcnde tutulursa, Farab\u00ee\u2019nin T\u00fcrk oldu\u011fu halde Arap\u00e7a eser yazmas\u0131n\u0131 k\u0131namak do\u011fru olmayacakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n

\u00dcst\u00fcn bir zek\u00e2 ve kabiliyete sahip bulunan Farab\u00ee, Ba\u011fdat\u2019ta yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 y\u00fcksek \u00f6\u011frenimi s\u0131ras\u0131nda Arap\u00e7a, Fars\u00e7a, Grek\u00e7e ve Latince\u2019yi anadili gibi \u00f6\u011frenmi\u015f, bu lisan zenginli\u011fini \u00e7e\u015fitli dallardaki \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131yla bir kat daha de\u011ferlendirmi\u015fti. Bu arada Yunan felsefesini de inceledi. Bu konunun b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00fcstad\u0131 Aristo\u2019nun eserlerini, asl\u0131ndan \u00e7ok daha anla\u015f\u0131l\u0131r \u015fekilde \u015ferh etti. Bu y\u00fczden yaln\u0131z do\u011fu aleminde de\u011fil, Bat\u0131 alemi de kendisini Aristo\u2019dan sonra gelen Muallim-i S\u00e2n\u00ee olarak kabul etti.<\/p>\n

Farab\u00ee ayn\u0131 zamanda musiki alan\u0131nda da b\u00fcy\u00fck bir \u00fcstad idi. Kanun ad\u0131 verilen m\u00fczik aleti onun bulu\u015fudur. Ayr\u0131ca r\u00fcbap denilen \u00e7alg\u0131y\u0131 da geli\u015ftiren ve bug\u00fcnk\u00fc \u015feklini veren yine odur. Farabi ayr\u0131ca akort ve intarvaller nazariyesini de geli\u015ftirmi\u015ftir.\u015eark musikisinin nazariyelerini Kitab\u00fc\u2019l-Musikiyyu\u2019l-Keb\u00eer, yani B\u00fcy\u00fck Musiki Kitab\u0131 adl\u0131 eserinde g\u00f6sterdi\u011fi gibi bir \u00e7ok besteler de yapm\u0131\u015ft\u0131.Arap \u00fclkelerinde ya\u015famas\u0131na ra\u011fmen m\u00fctevaz\u0131 hayat\u0131n\u0131n yan\u0131 s\u0131ra T\u00fcrkistan mill\u00ee k\u0131yafetini de asla terk etmedi. Hep bu k\u0131yafet i\u00e7inde g\u00f6r\u00fcnd\u00fc.<\/p>\n

Seyf\u00fcddevle Ali Bey\u2019in \u015eam\u2019\u0131 fethetmesi \u00fczerine Farab\u00ee de onunla birlikte \u015eam\u2019a gitti. \u00d6mr\u00fcn\u00fcn son g\u00fcnlerini orada ge\u00e7irdi.<\/p>\n

950 y\u0131l\u0131nda 80 ya\u015f\u0131nda \u015eam\u2019da vefat etti.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

B\u00fcy\u00fck m\u00fctefekkir ve \u00fcnl\u00fc musik\u00ee \u00fcstad\u0131d\u0131r. 870 y\u0131l\u0131nda T\u00fcrkistan\u2019\u0131n Seyhun \u0131rma\u011f\u0131 kenar\u0131ndaki Farab kasabas\u0131nda do\u011fdu. As\u0131l ad\u0131 Ebu Nas\u0131r Muhammed ibn T\u00fcrkan el Farab\u00ee\u2019dir.\u0130lk \u00f6\u011frenimini Farab\u2019da,y\u00fcksek \u00f6\u011frenimini ise Ba\u011fdat\u2019ta yapt\u0131. Fars\u00e7a, Arap\u00e7a, Latince ve Yunanca \u00f6\u011frendi. Mant\u0131k, felsefe, matematik, t\u0131p ve musik\u00ee \u00fczerinde b\u00fcy\u00fck bilgi sahibi idi. Bu konular \u00fczerinde 100\u2032den fazla eser verdi. Ancak … Devam\u0131n\u0131 oku…<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[13400],"tags":[12934],"class_list":["post-39315","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-felsefe","tag-farabi"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/39315","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=39315"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/39315\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=39315"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=39315"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=39315"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}