Besinler kimyasal enerjilerine g\u00f6re organik ve inorganik besinler olmak \u00fczere iki\u2019ye ayr\u0131l\u0131r. G\u00f6revlerine g\u00f6re enerji verici, yap\u0131c\u0131 onar\u0131c\u0131 ve d\u00fczenleyici olmak \u00fczere 3\u2019e ayr\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n
\t Enerji verici\t Yap\u0131c\u0131 onar\u0131c\u0131\tD\u00fczenleyici
\nKarbonhidratlar\t +\t +\t –
\nYa\u011flar\t +\t +\t –
\nProteinler\t +\t +\t +
\nVitaminler\t –\t –\t +
\nMinareler ve su\t –\t +\t +\t <\/p>\n
Organik Molek\u00fcller (Bile\u015fikler)
\n1-)Karbonhidratlar
\n2-)Ya\u011flar
\n3-)Proteinler
\n4-)Vitaminler
\n5-)N\u00fckleik asitler
\nOrganik molek\u00fcller sadece canl\u0131 organizmalar taraf\u0131ndan sentezlenebilen ve kullan\u0131labilen molek\u00fcllerdir. G\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde baz\u0131 vitaminler sentetik olarak \u00fcretilmektedirler.
\nB\u00fct\u00fcn organik besinlerin yap\u0131s\u0131nda C,H ve O atomlar\u0131 bulunur. Karbonhidrat,ya\u011flar ve proteinler enerji elde etmek i\u00e7in kullan\u0131labilir.H\u00fccre zorunlu olmad\u0131k\u00e7a proteinleri enerji kayna\u011f\u0131 olarak kullanmaz,\u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc proteinlerin esas g\u00f6revi canl\u0131 yap\u0131s\u0131na kat\u0131lmak ve enzim olarak g\u00f6rev yapmakt\u0131r.
\nN\u00fckleik asitler organik yap\u0131l\u0131 bile\u015fikler olup canl\u0131 v\u00fccudunda kal\u0131t\u0131m materyali olarak ve genetik bilgi deposu olarak i\u015f g\u00f6r\u00fcrler. Her canl\u0131 kendi n\u00fckleik asitini kendisi \u00fcretir.
\n1 gr karbonhidrat y\u0131k\u0131l\u0131rsa 4,2 Kcal
\n1 gr protein y\u0131k\u0131l\u0131rsa 4,3 Kcal
\n1 gr ya\u011f y\u0131k\u0131l\u0131rsa 9,5 Kcal enerji verir.
\nNot:\u0130norganik maddelerden organik madde \u00fcretimini ototrof canl\u0131lar ba\u015farabilirken ;Organik maddelerden organik madde \u00fcretimini t\u00fcm canl\u0131lar ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirebilir.T\u00fcm canl\u0131 t\u00fcrleri t\u00fcm organik besin \u00e7e\u015fitlerini \u00fcretemeyebilir.
\nMonomer ; Organik molek\u00fcllerde yap\u0131ta\u015f\u0131na denir.(Glikoz,fruktoz, galaktoz, riboz,deoksiriboz ,aa,gliserol ,ya\u011f asiti).
\nPolimer ; Monomerlerin birle\u015ferek olu\u015fturduklar\u0131 organik bile\u015fiklerdir. (Ni\u015fasta ,glikojen,sel\u00fcloz,protein,ya\u011f ,pepton).
\nDehidrasyon ;\u0130ki veya daha fazla organik besin yap\u0131ta\u015f\u0131n\u0131n (Monomer birle\u015ferek daha b\u00fcy\u00fck organik besin (polimer) olu\u015fturmas\u0131 olu\u015fturmas\u0131 olay\u0131d\u0131r. Bu olayda ATP harcan\u0131r ve olu\u015fan ba\u011f say\u0131s\u0131 kadar su a\u00e7\u0131\u011fa \u00e7\u0131kar.
\nX +Y A+H2O
\nX+Y+Z B+2H2O
\nNot:Dehidrasyon olay\u0131nda kurulan ba\u011f say\u0131s\u0131 ve a\u00e7\u0131\u011fa \u00e7\u0131kan su say\u0131s\u0131 hesaplan\u0131rken sorunun sorulma tarz\u0131 \u00f6nemlidir.\u00d6rne\u011fin ;Yap\u0131m\u0131 devam eden bir polipeptid zincirine 20 molek\u00fcl daha kat\u0131l\u0131rsa 20H2O a\u00e7\u0131\u011fa \u00e7\u0131kar ve 20 yeni ba\u011f kurulur veya molek\u00fcller halka \u015feklinde bir yap\u0131 olu\u015ftursa kullan\u0131lan molek\u00fcl kadar su ve ba\u011f olu\u015fur.
\nHidroliz ; B\u00fcy\u00fck molek\u00fcll\u00fc (Polimer) bile\u015fiklerin su ile par\u00e7alanarak daha k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck par\u00e7alara ayr\u0131lmas\u0131d\u0131r.
\nOrganik molek\u00fcllerin enerji verme s\u0131ras\u0131 :
\nKarbonhidratlar Ya\u011flar Proteinler(E\u015fey h\u00fccre proteinleri
\nKas h\u00fccre proteinleri Sinir h\u00fccre proteinleri).
\nNot: Enerji hammaddesi olarak kullan\u0131m s\u0131ras\u0131 :
\n Karbonhidrat Ya\u011f Protein
\n Enerji potansiyeli s\u0131ras\u0131 :
\n Ya\u011f Protein Karbonhidrat
\n Yap\u0131 maddesi olarak \u00f6nem s\u0131ras\u0131 :
\n Protein Ya\u011f Karbonhidrat<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Besinler kimyasal enerjilerine g\u00f6re organik ve inorganik besinler olmak \u00fczere iki\u2019ye ayr\u0131l\u0131r. G\u00f6revlerine g\u00f6re enerji verici, yap\u0131c\u0131 onar\u0131c\u0131 ve d\u00fczenleyici olmak \u00fczere 3\u2019e ayr\u0131l\u0131r. Enerji verici Yap\u0131c\u0131 onar\u0131c\u0131 D\u00fczenleyici Karbonhidratlar + + – Ya\u011flar + + – Proteinler + + + Vitaminler – – + Minareler ve su – + + Organik Molek\u00fcller (Bile\u015fikler) 1-)Karbonhidratlar … Devam\u0131n\u0131 oku…<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[44,7],"tags":[48],"class_list":["post-389","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-biyoloji","category-dn","tag-daha"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/389","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=389"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/389\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=389"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=389"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=389"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}