{"id":38845,"date":"2012-12-01T18:29:58","date_gmt":"2012-12-01T16:29:58","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/?p=38845"},"modified":"2012-12-01T18:31:28","modified_gmt":"2012-12-01T16:31:28","slug":"avrupada-yeni-buluslar-ve-sonuclari","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/avrupada-yeni-buluslar-ve-sonuclari.html","title":{"rendered":"Avrupa&#8217;da Yeni Bulu\u015flar ve Sonu\u00e7lar\u0131"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong>1-Barutun ve Top<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Barut ilk olarak \u00c7inliler taraf\u0131ndan e\u011flencelerde havai fi\u015fek olarak kullan\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Sonra T\u00fcrkler ve Araplar taraf\u0131ndan kullan\u0131lan barut, Ha\u00e7l\u0131 Seferleri s\u0131ras\u0131nda M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlardan \u00f6\u011frenilerek Avrupa\u2019ya ta\u015f\u0131nd\u0131. Fatih\u2019in yapt\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131 toplar\u0131n g\u00fcc\u00fcn\u00fc g\u00f6ren Avrupal\u0131 krallar, toplar\u0131 derebeylerine kar\u015f\u0131 kulland\u0131lar. B\u00f6ylece <span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">feodalite rejimi (Derebeylik) ortadan kald\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f<\/span>, mutlak krall\u0131klar g\u00fc\u00e7lenmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n<p><strong>2-Ka\u011f\u0131t ve Matbaa<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u00c7inliler ve T\u00fcrkler ipek ve pamuktan ka\u011f\u0131t yap\u0131yorlard\u0131. Avrupa da ipek ve pamuk az oldu\u011fu i\u00e7in ka\u011f\u0131t yap\u0131m\u0131 pahal\u0131ya patl\u0131yordu. Avrupal\u0131lar\u0131n pa\u00e7avra ve sel\u00fclozdan ka\u011f\u0131t yapmalar\u0131 \u00fczerine, ka\u011f\u0131t ucuzlam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p>Matbaaya benzeyen aletleri ilk olarak \u00c7inliler ve Uygur T\u00fcrkleri kullanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Ancak modern matbaan\u0131n ilk mucidi Alman Jan Gutenberg\u2019dir.<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0 <\/strong>Avrupa\u2019da ucuz ka\u011f\u0131t yap\u0131lmas\u0131 ve matbaan\u0131n bulunmas\u0131 \u015fu yeniliklere neden olmu\u015ftur:<\/p>\n<p><strong>a-<\/strong>Kitaplar ucuzlad\u0131 halk kitap okuma imkan\u0131 elde etti.<\/p>\n<p><strong>b-<\/strong>Avrupa\u2019da okuma yazma oran\u0131 y\u00fckseldi.<\/p>\n<p><strong>c-<\/strong>Bilim ve k\u00fclt\u00fcr yay\u0131ld\u0131.<\/p>\n<p><strong>d-<\/strong>\u0130nsanlar\u0131n k\u00fclt\u00fcr seviyelerinin artmas\u0131 hayata bak\u0131\u015f a\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131 olumlu y\u00f6nde de\u011fi\u015ftirdi.<\/p>\n<p><strong>e-<\/strong>R\u00f6nesans, Reform\u2019un ba\u015flamas\u0131na neden oldu.<\/p>\n<p><strong>3-Pusula<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u0130lk olarak \u00c7inliler taraf\u0131ndan kullan\u0131lan pusula Ha\u00e7l\u0131 Seferleri s\u0131ras\u0131nda M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlardan al\u0131narak Avrupa\u2019ya g\u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fclm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. Kriskof Kolomb\u2019un, pusulan\u0131n sapma a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 d\u00fczeltmesi ile okyanuslarda seyahat daha g\u00fcvenli hale geldi. Bunun sonucunda Avrupal\u0131 denizcilerin korkmadan denizlere a\u00e7\u0131lmas\u0131 \u00fczerine, <span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/cografi-kesifler-ve-sonuclari-2.html\" target=\"_blank\">Co\u011frafi Ke\u015fifler<\/a><strong> <\/strong>olmu\u015ftur.<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>1-Barutun ve Top Barut ilk olarak \u00c7inliler taraf\u0131ndan e\u011flencelerde havai fi\u015fek olarak kullan\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Sonra T\u00fcrkler ve Araplar taraf\u0131ndan kullan\u0131lan barut, Ha\u00e7l\u0131 Seferleri s\u0131ras\u0131nda M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlardan \u00f6\u011frenilerek Avrupa\u2019ya ta\u015f\u0131nd\u0131. Fatih\u2019in yapt\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131 toplar\u0131n g\u00fcc\u00fcn\u00fc g\u00f6ren Avrupal\u0131 krallar, toplar\u0131 derebeylerine kar\u015f\u0131 kulland\u0131lar. B\u00f6ylece feodalite rejimi (Derebeylik) ortadan kald\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f, mutlak krall\u0131klar g\u00fc\u00e7lenmi\u015ftir. 2-Ka\u011f\u0131t ve Matbaa \u00c7inliler ve T\u00fcrkler ipek ve &#8230; <a title=\"Avrupa&#8217;da Yeni Bulu\u015flar ve Sonu\u00e7lar\u0131\" class=\"read-more\" href=\"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/avrupada-yeni-buluslar-ve-sonuclari.html\" aria-label=\"More on Avrupa&#8217;da Yeni Bulu\u015flar ve Sonu\u00e7lar\u0131\">Devam\u0131n\u0131 oku&#8230;<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1686,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[26],"tags":[13296,13295],"class_list":["post-38845","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-tarih","tag-avrupada-yenilikler","tag-yeni-buluslar-ve-sonuclari"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/38845","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1686"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=38845"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/38845\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=38845"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=38845"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=38845"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}