{"id":38572,"date":"2012-11-27T20:44:23","date_gmt":"2012-11-27T18:44:23","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/?p=38572"},"modified":"2012-11-27T20:44:23","modified_gmt":"2012-11-27T18:44:23","slug":"soz-sanatlari-ve-ozellikleri","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/soz-sanatlari-ve-ozellikleri.html","title":{"rendered":"S\u00f6z Sanatlar\u0131 ve \u00d6zellikleri"},"content":{"rendered":"

TE\u015eB\u0130H (Benzetme)<\/strong><\/p>\n

Aralar\u0131nda benzerlik ilgisi bulunan iki \u015feyden, nitelik\u00e7e zay\u0131folan\u0131n g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fcolana benzetilmesine \u201cte\u015fbih\u201d (benzetme)<\/strong> denir.<\/p>\n

Te\u015fbih sanat\u0131n\u0131n d\u00f6rt \u00f6gesi vard\u0131r: 1. Benzeyen, 2. Kendisine Benzetilen, 3. Benzetme Y\u00f6n\u00fc, 4. Benzetme Edat\u0131.<\/p>\n

inci <\/strong>gibi beyaz di\u015f<\/strong>
\nKendisine Benzetme Benzetme Benzeyen
\nBenzetilen Edat\u0131 Y\u00f6n\u00fc
\n(g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc) (zay\u0131f)<\/strong><\/p>\n

Yukar\u0131daki \u00f6rnekte \u201cdi\u015f<\/strong>\u201d beyazl\u0131k y\u00f6n\u00fcnden \u201cinci<\/strong>\u201dye benzetilmi\u015ftir. (te\u015fbih sanat\u0131)
\n* D\u00f6rt \u00f6gesi de bulunan benzetmeye \u201ctam te\u015fbih\u201d (ayr\u0131nt\u0131l\u0131 benzetme \/ te\u015fbih-i mufassal)<\/strong> denir.<\/p>\n

\u00c2h bu t\u00fcrk\u00fcler, k\u00f6y t\u00fcrk\u00fcleri
\nAna s\u00fct\u00fc gibi candan
\nAna s\u00fct\u00fc gibi temiz
\nBedri Rahmi Ey\u00fcbo\u011flu<\/em><\/p>\n

Yukar\u0131daki \u015fiirde \u015fair, \u201ck\u00f6y t\u00fcrk\u00fcleri<\/strong>\u201dni candan ve temiz olmas\u0131 y\u00f6nleriyle \u201cana s\u00fct\u00fc<\/strong>\u201dne benzetmi\u015ftir. (te\u015fbih sanat\u0131) Buradaki benzetme sanat\u0131nda, te\u015fbihin d\u00f6rt \u00f6gesi de kullan\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n

K\u00f6y t\u00fcrk\u00fcleri ana s\u00fct\u00fc <\/strong>gibi candan
\nBenzeyen Kendisine Benzetme temiz
\nBenzetilen Edat\u0131 Benzetme
\nY\u00f6n\u00fc<\/p>\n

* Te\u015fbih-i Beli\u011f (G\u00fczel Benzetme): Te\u015fbihin \u00f6gelerinden sadece \u201cKendisine Benzetilen\u201d ve \u201cBenzeyen\u201dle yap\u0131lan benzetmeye \u201cte\u015fbih-i beli\u011f\u201d (g\u00fczel benzetme)<\/strong> denir.<\/p>\n

Nedendir de k\u00f6m\u00fcr g\u00f6zl\u00fcm nedendir
\n\u015eu geceki benim uyumad\u0131\u011f\u0131m
\n\u00c7etin derler ayr\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n derdini
\nAyr\u0131l\u0131k derdine doyamad\u0131\u011f\u0131m
\nKaracao\u011flan<\/em><\/p>\n

Yukar\u0131daki \u015fiirde, sevgilinin g\u00f6zleri siyah renginden dolay\u0131 k\u00f6m\u00fcre benzetilmi\u015ftir. Burada te\u015fbihin \u00f6gelerinden sadece Kendisine Benzetilen (k\u00f6m\u00fcr) ve Benzeyen (g\u00f6z) kullan\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in \u201cte\u015fbih-i beli\u011f\u201d (g\u00fczel benzetme) sanat\u0131 yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n

k\u00f6m\u00fcr <\/strong>(gibi kara) g\u00f6zler<\/strong><\/p>\n

Kendisine Benzeyen Benzetilen
\n\u0130ST\u0130ARE (E\u011fretileme)<\/strong><\/p>\n

Te\u015fbihin (benzetmenin) iki temel \u00f6gesi olan \u201cBenzeyen\u201d ve \u201cKendisine Benzetilen\u201dden yaln\u0131zca birinin kullan\u0131lmas\u0131yla yap\u0131lan sanata \u201cistiare\u201d (e\u011fretileme)<\/strong> denir.<\/p>\n

a) A\u00e7\u0131k \u0130stiare<\/strong>: Yaln\u0131z kendisine benzetilenin s\u00f6ylendi\u011fi, yani benzetmedeki g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc \u00f6genin s\u00f6ylendi\u011fi benzetme sanat\u0131na \u201ca\u00e7\u0131k istiare<\/strong>\u201d denir.<\/p>\n

D\u00fcnyaya geldi\u011fim anda
\nY\u00fcr\u00fcd\u00fcm ayn\u0131 zamanda
\n\u0130ki kap\u0131l\u0131 bir han<\/strong>da
\nGidiyorum g\u00fcnd\u00fcz gece
\n\u00c2\u015f\u0131k Veysel<\/em><\/p>\n

Yukar\u0131daki \u015fiirde \u015fair, d\u00fcnyay\u0131 iki kap\u0131l\u0131 bir hana benzetmi\u015ftir. Fakat benzeyeni (d\u00fcnya<\/strong>) s\u00f6ylememi\u015f, sadece kendisine benzetileni (iki kap\u0131l\u0131 bir han<\/strong>) s\u00f6ylemi\u015ftir. (a\u00e7\u0131k istiare sanat\u0131)<\/p>\n

Yaralanm\u0131\u015f temiz aln\u0131ndan uzanm\u0131\u015f yat\u0131yor,
\nBir hil\u00e2l u\u011fruna y\u00e2 Rab ne g\u00fcne\u015f<\/strong>ler bat\u0131yor!
\nMehmet \u00c2kif Ersoy<\/em><\/p>\n

Yukar\u0131daki \u015fiirde \u015fair, \u015fehit olan T\u00fcrk askerlerini g\u00fcne\u015fe benzetiyor. Fakat benzeyeni (T\u00fcrk askerleri<\/strong>) s\u00f6ylememi\u015f, sadece kendisine benzetileni (g\u00fcne\u015fler<\/strong>) s\u00f6ylemi\u015ftir. (a\u00e7\u0131k istiare sanat\u0131)<\/p>\n

b) Kapal\u0131 \u0130stiare<\/strong>: Benzetmenin \u00f6gelerinden yaln\u0131z \u201cBenzeyen\u201dle yap\u0131lan sanata \u201ckapal\u0131 istiare<\/strong>\u201d denir. Kapal\u0131 istiare sanat\u0131nda, kendisine benzetilen varl\u0131k a\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a s\u00f6ylenmez, baz\u0131 \u00f6zellikleri verilir.<\/p>\n

A kara k\u0131z kara k\u0131z
\nSa\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131 tara k\u0131z
\nG\u00f6nl\u00fcm <\/strong>u\u00e7tu yuvadan
\nPer\u00e7eminde ara k\u0131z<\/p>\n

Yukar\u0131daki \u015fiirde \u015fair, g\u00f6nl\u00fcn\u00fc ku\u015fa benzetmi\u015ftir. Fakat \u201cBenzeyen\u201di (g\u00f6n\u00fcl<\/strong>) s\u00f6ylemi\u015f, \u201cKendisine Benzetilen\u201di (ku\u015f<\/strong>) s\u00f6ylememi\u015ftir. (kapal\u0131 istiare sanat\u0131)<\/p>\n

Ay<\/strong>, zeytin a\u011fa\u00e7lar\u0131ndan yere daml\u0131yordu
\nA\u00e7t\u0131m avucumu alt\u0131na tuttum<\/p>\n

Yukar\u0131daki \u015fiirde ay, suya (ya\u011fmur damlas\u0131) benzetilmi\u015ftir. Fakat sadece Benzeyen (ay<\/strong>) s\u00f6ylenmi\u015f, Kendisine Benzetilen (su<\/strong>) s\u00f6ylenmemi\u015ftir. (kapal\u0131 istiare sanat\u0131)
\nK\u0130NAYE (De\u011finmece)<\/strong><\/p>\n

Bir s\u00f6z\u00fc benzetme amac\u0131 g\u00fctmeden hem ger\u00e7ek hem de mecaz anlam\u0131n\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnd\u00fcrecek bi\u00e7imde kullanmaya \u201ckinaye\u201d (de\u011finmece)<\/strong> denir.
\n* Kinayede as\u0131l kastedilen, mecaz anlamd\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Ben toprak oldum yoluna
\nSen a\u015fur\u0131 g\u00f6zetirsin
\n\u015eu kar\u015f\u0131ma g\u00f6\u011f\u00fcs geren
\nTa\u015f ba\u011f\u0131rl\u0131<\/strong> da\u011flar m\u0131s\u0131n
\nYunus Emre<\/em><\/p>\n

Ger\u00e7ek anlam: Da\u011flar\u0131n \u00fczerinde zaten ta\u015flar, kayalar vard\u0131r.
\nMecaz anlam: Ac\u0131mas\u0131z, kalpsiz, kat\u0131.<\/p>\n

Yukar\u0131daki \u015fiirde \u015fair, \u201cta\u015f ba\u011f\u0131rl\u0131\u201d s\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fc hem ger\u00e7ek anlam\u0131n\u0131 (ta\u015flar, kayalar) hem de mecaz anlam\u0131n\u0131 (ac\u0131mas\u0131z, kat\u0131) d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnd\u00fcrecek bi\u00e7imde kinayeli s\u00f6ylemi\u015ftir. Fakat \u015fairin as\u0131l kastetti\u011fi, mecaz anlamd\u0131r. (kinaye sanat\u0131)<\/p>\n

Onlar\u0131n kap\u0131s\u0131 <\/strong>herkese a\u00e7\u0131k<\/strong>t\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Ger\u00e7ek anlam: Kap\u0131n\u0131n a\u00e7\u0131k olmas\u0131.
\nMecaz anlam: konuksever olmalar\u0131.<\/p>\n

Yukar\u0131daki c\u00fcmlede \u201ckap\u0131s\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131k\u201d s\u00f6z\u00fc hem ger\u00e7ek anlam\u0131n\u0131 (kap\u0131n\u0131n a\u00e7\u0131k olmas\u0131) hem de mecaz anlam\u0131n\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnd\u00fcrecek bi\u00e7imde kinayeli kullan\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Fakat burada as\u0131l kastedilen anlam mecaz anlamd\u0131r. (kinaye sanat\u0131)<\/p>\n

TEVR\u0130YE (\u0130ki Anlaml\u0131l\u0131k)<\/strong><\/p>\n

Birden \u00e7ok ger\u00e7ek anlam\u0131 bulunan bir s\u00f6z\u00fc, herkes\u00e7e bilinen anlam\u0131yla de\u011fil, uzak anlam\u0131n\u0131 kastederek kullanmaya \u201ctevriye\u201d (iki anlaml\u0131l\u0131k)<\/strong> denir.<\/p>\n

Not<\/strong>: Tevriye ile kinaye sanatlar\u0131n\u0131 birbirine kar\u0131\u015ft\u0131rmamak gerekir. Tevriye sanat\u0131nda s\u00f6zc\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn her iki anlam\u0131 da ger\u00e7ek anlamd\u0131r; kinaye sanat\u0131nda ise kastedilen, s\u00f6zc\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn mecaz anlam\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Anlat ban g\u00fcl goncas\u0131
\nG\u00f6rd\u00fcn m\u00fc g\u00fcl dikensiz
\nG\u00fcl renkli y\u00fcz\u00fcn benli <\/strong>de
\nG\u00f6\u011fs\u00fcn niye bensiz<\/strong><\/p>\n

ben<\/strong>: 1. tekil ki\u015fi (kastedilen)
\nben<\/strong>: leke<\/p>\n

Bu kadar letafet \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc sende var
\nBeyaz gerdan\u0131nda bir de ben <\/strong>gerek<\/p>\n

ben<\/strong>: 1. tekil ki\u015fi (kastedilen)<\/p>\n

ben<\/strong>: leke<\/p>\n

TAR\u0130Z (\u0130\u011fneleme\/Dokundurma)<\/strong><\/p>\n

Bir ki\u015fiyi i\u011fnelemek, k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcrmek, onunla alay etmek amac\u0131yla bir s\u00f6z\u00fc kar\u015f\u0131t anlam\u0131n\u0131 kastederek s\u00f6ylemeye \u201ctariz\u201d (i\u011fneleme \/ dokundurma)<\/strong> denir.<\/p>\n

* Tarizde s\u00f6ylenenin tam tersi kastedilir.<\/p>\n

Not<\/strong>: Kinaye ile tariz sanatlar\u0131 birbirine kar\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmamal\u0131d\u0131r. Kinaye sanat\u0131nda s\u00f6z\u00fcn mecaz anlam\u0131 kastedilir; tariz sanat\u0131nda ise s\u00f6z\u00fcn tam tersi, yani kar\u015f\u0131t anlam\u0131 kastedilir.<\/p>\n

Not<\/strong>: Tevriye ile tariz sanatlar\u0131 birbirine kar\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmamal\u0131d\u0131r. Tevriye sanat\u0131nda s\u00f6z\u00fcn her iki anlam\u0131 da ger\u00e7ek anlamd\u0131r; tariz sanat\u0131nda ise s\u00f6z\u00fcn kar\u015f\u0131t anlam\u0131 kastedilir.<\/p>\n

Bir nasihatim var zamana uygun
\nTut s\u00f6z\u00fcm\u00fc yatt\u0131k\u00e7a yat uyanma
\nMe\u015fhur bir kelamd\u0131r sen kazan sen ye
\nEl i\u00e7in yok yere ate\u015fe yanma<\/p>\n

Yukar\u0131daki \u015fiirde g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcz insan\u0131 \u201ctembellik\u201d ve \u201cbencillik\u201d y\u00f6nlerinden ele\u015ftiriliyor, i\u011fneleniyor. Burada kastedilen, s\u00f6ylenenin tam tersi bir anlamd\u0131r. \u0130nsanlar\u0131n \u00e7al\u0131\u015fkan olmalar\u0131, ba\u015fkalar\u0131n\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnmeleri gerekti\u011fi s\u00f6ylenmek istenmi\u015ftir, vurgulanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu \u015fiirde s\u00f6z\u00fcn kar\u015f\u0131t anlam\u0131 kastedilmi\u015ftir. (tariz sanat\u0131)<\/p>\n

Vermedi ablukada \u015fan-\u0131 donanmaya halel
\n\u0130ngiliz devletine olsa sez\u00e2d\u0131r amiral
\nZiya Pa\u015fa<\/em><\/p>\n

(Ku\u015fatmada donanman\u0131n \u015fan\u0131na leke s\u00fcrd\u00fcrmedi.
\n\u0130ngiliz devletine amiral olsa, yak\u0131\u015f\u0131r<\/em>.)<\/p>\n

Yukar\u0131daki \u015fiirde \u015fair, Osmanl\u0131\u2019n\u0131n son d\u00f6nem sadrazamlar\u0131ndan olan Ali Pa\u015fa\u2019y\u0131, Girit seferinde hi\u00e7bir ba\u015far\u0131 g\u00f6steremedi\u011fi i\u00e7in i\u011fneliyor, onunla dalga ge\u00e7iyor. \u201cKu\u015fatmada donanman\u0131n \u015fan\u0131na leke s\u00fcrd\u00fcrmedi\u201d derken, asl\u0131nda Osmanl\u0131 donanmas\u0131n\u0131n \u015ferefini iki paral\u0131k etti\u011fini anlat\u0131yor. S\u00f6yledi\u011fi s\u00f6z\u00fcn tam tersini kastediyor. Bu ba\u015far\u0131s\u0131zl\u0131k \u0130ngilizlerin i\u015fine yarad\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in de \u201c\u0130ngiliz donanmas\u0131na amiral olsa, yak\u0131\u015f\u0131r\u201d diyerek dalgas\u0131n\u0131 ge\u00e7iyor. (tariz sanat\u0131)<\/p>\n

TE\u015eH\u0130S (Ki\u015file\u015ftirme)<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0130nsan d\u0131\u015f\u0131ndaki canl\u0131 ya da cans\u0131z varl\u0131klara, insana \u00f6zg\u00fc davran\u0131\u015flar\u0131n kazand\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131na \u201cte\u015fhis\u201d (ki\u015file\u015ftirme)<\/strong> denir.<\/p>\n

Bir gece misafirim olsan yeter
\nDolar odama lavanta kokusu
\nSo\u011fur sevincinden s\u00fcrahide su<\/strong>
\nAy <\/strong>pencerede durup durup g\u00fcler
\nCahit S\u0131tk\u0131 Taranc\u0131<\/em><\/p>\n

Yukar\u0131daki \u015fiirde \u201csu\u201d ve \u201cay\u201da insana ait olan sevinmek, g\u00fclmek gibi davran\u0131\u015flar kazand\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r, bu varl\u0131klar ki\u015file\u015ftirilmi\u015ftir. (te\u015fhis sanat\u0131)<\/p>\n

Bir bulut geldi \u00fcst\u00fcne bah\u00e7enin
\nB\u00fct\u00fcn a\u011fa\u00e7lar\u0131n keyfi ka\u00e7t\u0131<\/p>\n

Yukar\u0131daki \u015fiirde \u201ca\u011fa\u00e7\u201d ki\u015file\u015ftirilmi\u015ftir. \u0130nsana \u00f6zg\u00fc olan \u201ckeyfi ka\u00e7mak\u201d deyimi, insan d\u0131\u015f\u0131ndaki ba\u015fka bir varl\u0131k i\u00e7in, a\u011fa\u00e7lar i\u00e7in kullan\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. (te\u015fhis sanat\u0131)<\/p>\n

\u0130NTAK (Konu\u015fturma)<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0130nsan d\u0131\u015f\u0131ndaki canl\u0131 ya da cans\u0131z varl\u0131klar\u0131 konu\u015fturmaya \u201cintak\u201d (konu\u015fturma) <\/strong>denir.<\/p>\n

Kula\u011f\u0131n\u0131n dibinde hayk\u0131rd\u0131 f\u0131rt\u0131na:
\nIs\u0131nmak istiyorsan topra\u011f\u0131 \u00e7ek s\u0131rt\u0131na<\/p>\n

Yukar\u0131daki \u015fiirde insan d\u0131\u015f\u0131ndaki bir varl\u0131k olan \u201cf\u0131rt\u0131na\u201d konu\u015fturulmu\u015ftur. (intak sanat\u0131)<\/p>\n

* Konu\u015fmak insana \u00f6zg\u00fc bir davran\u0131\u015f oldu\u011fu i\u00e7in, burada ayn\u0131 zamanda te\u015fhis (ki\u015file\u015ftirme) sanat\u0131 da vard\u0131r. \u015eiirde \u201cf\u0131rt\u0131na\u201d ki\u015file\u015ftirilmi\u015ftir. (te\u015fhis sanat\u0131)<\/p>\n

Not<\/strong>: \u0130ntak (konu\u015fturma) sanat\u0131n\u0131n oldu\u011fu her yerde ayn\u0131 zamanda te\u015fhis (ki\u015file\u015ftirme) sanat\u0131 da vard\u0131r. Ancak te\u015fhis sanat\u0131n\u0131n oldu\u011fu her yerde intak olmayabilir. Konu\u015fmak, insana \u00f6zg\u00fc y\u00fczlerce davran\u0131\u015ftan (g\u00fclmek, a\u011flamak, yorulmak, uyumak, sinirlenmek\u2026) sadece biridir.<\/p>\n

H\u00dcSN-\u0130 TA\u2019L\u0130L (G\u00fczel Sebeplendirme)<\/strong><\/p>\n

Herhangi bir olay\u0131n meydana geli\u015fini, ger\u00e7ek nedeninin d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda hayal\u00ee ve g\u00fczel bir sebebe ba\u011flama sanat\u0131na \u201ch\u00fcsn-i ta\u2019lil\u201d (g\u00fczel sebeplendirme)<\/strong> denir.<\/p>\n

Bir\u00e7ok gidenin her biri memnun ki yerinden
\nBir\u00e7ok seneler ge\u00e7ti, d\u00f6nen yok seferinden
\nYahya Kemal Beyatl\u0131<\/em><\/p>\n

\u00d6len insanlar\u0131n d\u00f6nmemesi, ilah\u00ee bir d\u00fczendir. Fakat \u015fair, \u00f6len insanlar\u0131n d\u00f6nmeyi\u015fini, ger\u00e7ek sebebinin d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda hayal\u00ee bir sebebe ba\u011fl\u0131yor. \u015eaire g\u00f6re \u00f6len insanlar, yerlerinden memnun olduklar\u0131 i\u00e7in d\u00f6nm\u00fcyorlar. (h\u00fcsn-i ta\u2019lil sanat\u0131)<\/p>\n

TEC\u00c2H\u00dcL-\u0130 \u00c2R\u0130F (Bilip de Bilmezlikten Gelme)<\/strong><\/p>\n

Bir olay\u0131n ger\u00e7ek nedenini bilip de bilmiyormu\u015f gibi davranmaya \u201ctec\u00e2h\u00fcl-i \u00e2rif sanat\u0131 denir.<\/p>\n

\u015eakaklar\u0131ma kar m\u0131 ya\u011fd\u0131 ne var?
\nBenim mi Allah\u2019\u0131m bu \u00e7izgili y\u00fcz?
\nCahit S\u0131tk\u0131 Taranc\u0131<\/em><\/p>\n

Yukar\u0131daki \u015fiirde \u015fair, \u015fakaklar\u0131ndaki sa\u00e7 tellerinin ya\u015fland\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in beyazla\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 bilmektedir, fakat \u201c\u015fakaklar\u0131ma kar m\u0131 ya\u011fd\u0131\u201d diyerek bilmezlikten gelmektedir. (tec\u00e2h\u00fcl-i \u00e2rif sanat\u0131)<\/p>\n

M\u00dcBALA\u011eA (Abartma)<\/strong><\/p>\n

Bir \u015feyin etkisini g\u00fc\u00e7lendirmek amac\u0131yla, o \u015feyi ola\u011fan\u00fcst\u00fc bir \u015fekilde anlatma sanat\u0131na \u201cm\u00fcbala\u011fa\u201d (abartma)<\/strong> denir.<\/p>\n

Y\u0131ld\u0131zlar g\u00f6rse bendeki g\u00fczelli\u011fini
\nBirer birer d\u00fc\u015ferler i\u00e7imdeki denize<\/p>\n

Yukar\u0131daki \u015fiirde sevgilinin g\u00fczelli\u011fi abart\u0131l\u0131 bir bi\u00e7imde anlat\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. (m\u00fcbala\u011fa sanat\u0131)<\/p>\n

G\u00f6rmeyen g\u00f6z a\u00e7\u0131l\u0131r d\u00f6nse sana
\nG\u00f6rse kalkar k\u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fcm sanki seni<\/p>\n

Yukar\u0131daki \u015fiirde sevgilinin g\u00fczelli\u011fi abart\u0131l\u0131 bir bi\u00e7imde anlat\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. (m\u00fcbala\u011fa sanat\u0131)<\/p>\n

Bir ah \u00e7eksem da\u011f\u0131 ta\u015f\u0131 eritir
\nG\u00f6z\u00fcm ya\u015f\u0131 de\u011firmeni y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fcr<\/p>\n

Yukar\u0131daki \u015fiirde \u015fairin \u00fcz\u00fcnt\u00fcs\u00fc, ac\u0131s\u0131 abart\u0131l\u0131 bir bi\u00e7imde anlat\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. (m\u00fcbala\u011fa sanat\u0131)<\/p>\n

TELM\u0130H (Hat\u0131rlatma\/An\u0131msatma)<\/strong><\/p>\n

Herkes\u00e7e bilinen bir olaya, \u00fcnl\u00fc bir ki\u015fiye, bir inanca i\u015faret etmeye, onu hat\u0131rlatmaya \u201ctelmih\u201d (hat\u0131rlatma \/ an\u0131msatma)<\/strong> denir.<\/p>\n

G\u00f6ky\u00fcz\u00fcnde \u0130sa ile
\nTur da\u011f\u0131nda Musa ile
\nElindeki asa ile
\n\u00c7a\u011f\u0131ray\u0131m Mevl\u00e2\u2019m seni
\nYunus Emre<\/em><\/p>\n

Yukar\u0131daki \u015fiirde, herkes\u00e7e bilinen birka\u00e7 olaya i\u015faret edilmi\u015ftir:
\nBirinci m\u0131srada; Hz. \u0130sa\u2019n\u0131n Allah taraf\u0131ndan g\u00f6ky\u00fcz\u00fcne y\u00fckseltilmesi,
\n\u0130kinci m\u0131srada; Hz. Musa\u2019n\u0131n Tur da\u011f\u0131nda Allah ile konu\u015fmas\u0131,
\n\u00dc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc m\u0131srada; Hz. Musa\u2019n\u0131n yere at\u0131nca y\u0131lan olan asas\u0131yla g\u00f6sterdi\u011fi mucizeler hat\u0131rlat\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. (telmih sanat\u0131)<\/p>\n

Ne b\u00fcy\u00fcks\u00fcn ki kan\u0131n kurtar\u0131yor tevhidi
\nBedr\u2019in aslanlar\u0131<\/strong> ancak bu kadar \u015fanl\u0131 idi
\nMehmet \u00c2kif Ersoy<\/em><\/p>\n

Mehmet \u00c2kif\u2019in \u00c7anakkale \u015fehitlerimiz i\u00e7in yazd\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u015fiirinden al\u0131nan bu m\u0131sralarda, \u00c7anakkale\u2019de \u015fehit d\u00fc\u015fen askerlerin b\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc, y\u00fcceli\u011fi, kutsal bir gaye u\u011fruna sava\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 vurgulanmak i\u00e7in Bedir Sava\u015f\u0131\u2019na i\u015faret ediliyor. Ge\u00e7mi\u015fte ya\u015fanan bir olay hat\u0131rlat\u0131l\u0131yor. (telmih sanat\u0131)<\/p>\n

\u0130RS\u00c2L-\u0130 MESEL (Atas\u00f6z\u00fc S\u00f6yleme)<\/strong><\/p>\n

D\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnceyi anlam y\u00f6n\u00fcnden g\u00fc\u00e7lendirmek, s\u00f6ze inand\u0131r\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k katmak amac\u0131yla atas\u00f6z\u00fc veya \u00f6zdeyi\u015f s\u00f6ylemeye \u201cirs\u00e2l-i mesel\u201d (atas\u00f6z\u00fc s\u00f6yleme) <\/strong>denir.<\/p>\n

Allah\u2019a s\u0131\u011f\u0131n \u015fahs-\u0131 hal\u00eemin gazab\u0131ndan
\nZira yumu\u015fak huylu at\u0131n \u00e7iftesi pektir<\/strong>
\nZiya Pa\u015fa<\/em><\/p>\n

Yukar\u0131daki beyitte \u015fair, birinci m\u0131srada s\u00f6yledi\u011fi d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnceyi, ikinci m\u0131srada uygun bir atas\u00f6z\u00fcyle peki\u015ftiriyor, destekliyor. (irs\u00e2l-i mesel sanat\u0131)<\/p>\n

TEZAT (Z\u0131tl\u0131k\/Kar\u015f\u0131tl\u0131k)<\/strong><\/p>\n

Birbirine z\u0131t olan iki d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnce, hayal, durum veya olay\u0131 bir arada s\u00f6ylemeye \u201ctezat\u201d (z\u0131tl\u0131k \/ kar\u015f\u0131tl\u0131k) <\/strong>denir.<\/p>\n

Neden b\u00f6yle d\u00fc\u015fman <\/strong>g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcrs\u00fcn\u00fcz
\nY\u0131llar y\u0131l\u0131 dost <\/strong>bildi\u011fim aynalar
\nCahit S\u0131tk\u0131 Taranc\u0131<\/em><\/p>\n

Yukar\u0131daki \u015fiirde kar\u015f\u0131t anlaml\u0131 iki s\u00f6zc\u00fck (dost-d\u00fc\u015fman) bir arada kullan\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. (tezat sanat\u0131)<\/p>\n

A\u015fk derd<\/strong>iyle ho\u015fem el \u00e7ek il\u00e2c<\/strong>\u0131mdan tabib
\nK\u0131lma derm\u00e2n <\/strong>kim hel\u00e2kim zehr<\/strong>-i derm\u00e2n\u0131ndad\u0131r
\nFuz\u00fbl\u00ee<\/em><\/p>\n

Yukar\u0131daki \u015fiirde kar\u015f\u0131t anlaml\u0131 s\u00f6zc\u00fckler (dert-derman, ila\u00e7-zehir) bir arada kullan\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. (tezat sanat\u0131)<\/p>\n

TEKR\u0130R (Tekrarlama\/Yineleme)<\/strong><\/p>\n

Anlat\u0131m\u0131 g\u00fc\u00e7lendirmek, g\u00fczelle\u015ftirmek amac\u0131yla bir s\u00f6zc\u00fc\u011f\u00fc tekrarlamaya \u201ctekrir\u201d (tekrarlama \/ yineleme)<\/strong> denir.<\/p>\n

Bah\u00e7emde a\u00e7\u0131lmaz seni <\/strong>g\u00f6rmezse \u00e7i\u00e7ekler
\nSahil seni<\/strong>, r\u00fczg\u00e2r seni<\/strong>, ak\u015fam seni <\/strong>bekler
\nGelmezsen e\u011fer mevsimi nerden bilecekler
\nSahil seni<\/strong>, r\u00fczg\u00e2r seni<\/strong>, ak\u015fam seni <\/strong>bekler<\/p>\n

Yukar\u0131daki \u015fiirde \u201cseni\u201d s\u00f6zc\u00fc\u011f\u00fc s\u0131k\u00e7a kullan\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. (tekrir sanat\u0131)<\/p>\n

Ben<\/strong>i ben<\/strong>de demen ben<\/strong>de de\u011filem
\nBir ben <\/strong>vard\u0131r ben<\/strong>de ben<\/strong>den i\u00e7er\u00fc
\nYunus Emre<\/em><\/p>\n

Yukar\u0131daki \u015fiirde \u201cben\u201d s\u00f6zc\u00fc\u011f\u00fc s\u0131k\u00e7a kullan\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. (tekrir sanat\u0131)<\/p>\n

MECAZ (De\u011fi\u015fmece)<\/strong><\/p>\n

Bir s\u00f6zc\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn ya da s\u00f6z\u00fcn ger\u00e7ek anlam\u0131ndan b\u00fct\u00fcn\u00fcyle uzakla\u015farak yepyeni, ba\u015fka bir anlamda kullan\u0131lmas\u0131na \u201cmecaz\u201d (de\u011fi\u015fmece)<\/strong> denir.<\/p>\n

Annesi bize kar\u015f\u0131 her zaman s\u0131cak <\/strong>davran\u0131rd\u0131.<\/p>\n

Yukar\u0131daki c\u00fcmlede s\u0131cak s\u00f6z\u00fc ger\u00e7ek anlam\u0131ndan b\u00fct\u00fcn\u00fcyle uzakla\u015farak farkl\u0131 bir anlamda kullan\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. S\u0131cak s\u00f6zc\u00fc\u011f\u00fc \u201ci\u00e7ten, anlay\u0131\u015fl\u0131, ho\u015fg\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fc, iyimser\u201d gibi anlamlarda kullan\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. (mecaz sanat\u0131)<\/p>\n

Edebiyat \u00f6\u011fretmenimiz \u00f6devleri incelerken k\u0131l\u0131 k\u0131rk yar\u0131yor.<\/strong><\/p>\n

Yukar\u0131daki c\u00fcmlede \u201ck\u0131l\u0131 k\u0131rk yarmak\u201d s\u00f6z\u00fc ger\u00e7ek anlam\u0131ndan tamam\u0131yla uzakla\u015farak \u201c\u00e7ok dikkatlice, titiz bir \u015fekilde\u201d anlamlar\u0131nda kullan\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. (mecaz sanat\u0131)<\/p>\n

MECAZ-I M\u00dcRSEL (D\u00fcz De\u011fi\u015fmece \/ Ad Aktarmas\u0131)<\/strong><\/p>\n

Bir s\u00f6z\u00fc benzetme amac\u0131 g\u00fctmeden ba\u015fka bir s\u00f6z\u00fcn yerine kullanmaya \u201cmecaz-\u0131 m\u00fcrsel\u201d (d\u00fcz de\u011fi\u015fmece \/ ad aktarmas\u0131)<\/strong> denir.<\/p>\n

* Mecaz-\u0131 m\u00fcrselde s\u00f6zc\u00fckler ger\u00e7ek anlam\u0131n\u0131n d\u0131\u015f\u0131na \u00e7\u0131karak farkl\u0131 bir anlamda kullan\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Mecaz-\u0131 m\u00fcrselde s\u00f6ylenen s\u00f6z ile kastedilen s\u00f6z aras\u0131nda belirli ilgiler vard\u0131r:<\/strong><\/p>\n

* \u201cPar\u00e7a \u2013 B\u00fct\u00fcn\u201d \u0130lgisi<\/strong><\/p>\n

Marmara\u2019da her yelken <\/strong>
\nU\u00e7ar gibi ne\u015feli
\nFaz\u0131l Ahmet Ayka\u00e7<\/em><\/p>\n

Yukar\u0131daki \u015fiirde \u201cyelken\u201d s\u00f6zc\u00fc\u011f\u00fc ile \u201cyelkenli\u201d kastedilmi\u015ftir. (mecaz-\u0131 m\u00fcrsel sanat\u0131)<\/p>\n

Dalgalan sen de \u015fafaklar gibi ey \u015fanl\u0131 hil\u00e2l<\/em>!
\nMehmet \u00c2kif Ersoy<\/em><\/p>\n

Yukar\u0131daki m\u0131srada par\u00e7a (hil\u00e2l) s\u00f6ylenerek b\u00fct\u00fcn (bayrak) kastedilmi\u015ftir. (mecaz-\u0131 m\u00fcrsel sanat\u0131)<\/p>\n

* \u201c\u0130\u00e7 \u2013 D\u0131\u015f\u201d \u0130lgisi<\/strong><\/p>\n

Bu ak\u015fam soba<\/strong>y\u0131 sen yak\u0131ver.<\/p>\n

Yukar\u0131daki c\u00fcmlede \u201cd\u0131\u015f\u201d (soba) s\u00f6ylenerek \u201ci\u00e7\u201d (odunlar) kastedilmi\u015ftir. Yak\u0131lacak olan soba de\u011fil, soban\u0131n i\u00e7indeki odunlard\u0131r. (mecaz-\u0131 m\u00fcrsel sanat\u0131)<\/p>\n

* \u201cYer \u2013 \u0130nsan\u201d \u0130lgisi<\/strong><\/p>\n

Bu \u015fiiri s\u0131n\u0131f <\/strong>\u00e7ok be\u011fendi.<\/p>\n

Yukar\u0131daki c\u00fcmlede \u201cyer\u201d (s\u0131n\u0131f) s\u00f6ylenmi\u015f, fakat s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131n i\u00e7indeki \u00f6\u011frenciler kastedilmi\u015ftir. (mecaz-\u0131 m\u00fcrsel sanat\u0131)<\/p>\n

Kandilli <\/strong>y\u00fczerken uykularda
\nMeht\u00e2b\u0131 s\u00fcr\u00fckledik sularda
\nYahya Kemal Beyatl\u0131<\/em><\/p>\n

Yukar\u0131daki \u015fiirde \u201cyer\u201d ad\u0131 (Kandilli) s\u00f6ylenerek, o b\u00f6lgede ya\u015fayan halk kastedilmi\u015ftir. (mecaz-\u0131 m\u00fcrsel sanat\u0131)<\/p>\n

* \u201cYer \u2013 Y\u00f6n\u201d \u0130lgisi<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u201cBat\u0131, bu konuda kararl\u0131 davran\u0131yor.\u201d<\/p>\n

Yukar\u0131daki c\u00fcmlede \u201cy\u00f6n\u201d ad\u0131 (Bat\u0131) s\u00f6ylenerek \u201cyer\u201d (Bat\u0131l\u0131 \u00fclkeler) kastedilmi\u015ftir. (mecaz-\u0131 m\u00fcrsel sanat\u0131)<\/p>\n

* \u201cYer \u2013 Y\u00f6netim\u201d \u0130lgisi<\/strong><\/p>\n

Ankara, s\u0131n\u0131r \u00f6tesi harekata onay verdi.<\/p>\n

Yukar\u0131daki c\u00fcmlede \u201cyer\u201d (Ankara) s\u00f6ylenerek \u201cy\u00f6netim\u201d (T\u00fcrk h\u00fck\u00fcmeti) kastedilmi\u015ftir. (mecaz-\u0131 m\u00fcrsel sanat\u0131)<\/p>\n

* \u201cSebep \u2013 Sonu\u00e7\u201d \u0130lgisi<\/strong><\/p>\n

B\u00fct\u00fcn g\u00fcn tarlalara bereket <\/strong>ya\u011fm\u0131\u015f.<\/p>\n

Yukar\u0131daki c\u00fcmlede tarlan\u0131n bereketli olmas\u0131n\u0131n nedeni ya\u011fmurun ya\u011fmas\u0131d\u0131r. Sonu\u00e7 (bereket) s\u00f6ylenerek sebep (ya\u011fmur) kastedilmi\u015ftir. (mecaz-\u0131 m\u00fcrsel sanat\u0131)<\/p>\n

* \u201cSanat\u00e7\u0131 \u2013 Eser\u201d \u0130lgisi<\/strong><\/p>\n

Orhan Veli<\/strong>\u2019yi keyifle okuyorum.<\/p>\n

Yukar\u0131daki c\u00fcmlede \u201csanat\u00e7\u0131\u201d (Orhan Veli) s\u00f6ylenmi\u015f, fakat \u201ceser\u201d (\u015fiirleri) kastedilmi\u015ftir. (mecaz-\u0131 m\u00fcrsel sanat\u0131)<\/p>\n

TENAS\u00dcP (Uygunluk)<\/strong><\/p>\n

Aralar\u0131nda anlam ilgisi bulunan s\u00f6zc\u00fckleri bir arada kullanmaya \u201ctenas\u00fcp\u201d (uygunluk)<\/strong> denir.<\/p>\n

Pek taze penbe tenlere benzer bu ta\u015flar<\/strong>\u0131
\nYont<\/strong>arken eski Bergama heykelt\u0131ra\u015f<\/strong>lar\u0131
\nYahya Kemal Beyatl\u0131<\/em><\/p>\n

Yukar\u0131daki \u015fiirde birbiriyle anlam ilgisi bulunan \u201cta\u015f (mermer), yontmak, heykelt\u0131ra\u015f\u201d s\u00f6zc\u00fckleri bir arada kullan\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. (tenas\u00fcp sanat\u0131)<\/p>\n

A\u015fk derd<\/strong>iyle ho\u015fem el \u00e7ek il\u00e2c<\/strong>\u0131mdan tabib<\/strong>
\nK\u0131lma derm\u00e2n <\/strong>kim hel\u00e2kim zehr<\/strong>-i derm\u00e2n\u0131ndad\u0131r
\nFuz\u00fbl\u00ee<\/em><\/p>\n

Yukar\u0131daki \u015fiirde birbiriyle anlam ilgisi bulunan \u201cdert, derman, ila\u00e7, tabip, zehir\u201d s\u00f6zc\u00fckleri bir arada kullan\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. (tenas\u00fcp sanat\u0131)<\/p>\n

LEFF \u00dc NE\u015eR (Toplay\u0131p Da\u011f\u0131tmak)<\/strong><\/p>\n

Bir m\u0131srada birka\u00e7 s\u00f6zc\u00fc\u011f\u00fc kullan\u0131p sonraki m\u0131srada bu s\u00f6zc\u00fcklere kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k olan s\u00f6zc\u00fckleri s\u0131ralamaya \u201cleff \u00fc ne\u015fr\u201d (toplay\u0131p da\u011f\u0131tmak)<\/strong> denir.<\/p>\n

* D\u00fczenli Leff \u00fc Ne\u015fr
\nBirinci m\u0131srada s\u00f6ylenenlerin ikinci m\u0131srada ayn\u0131 s\u0131rayla a\u00e7\u0131klanmas\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Sen bana en s\u00e2d\u0131k arkada\u015ft\u0131n
\nG\u00f6nl\u00fcmde ate\u015f<\/strong>tin, g\u00f6z\u00fcmde ya\u015f<\/strong>t\u0131n
\n1 2
\nNe diye tutu\u015f<\/strong>tun, ne diye ta\u015f<\/strong>t\u0131n
\n1 2
\nBeni k\u0131skand\u0131r\u0131p durmal\u0131 m\u0131yd\u0131n
\nTavlusunlu Hicrani<\/em><\/p>\n

Yukar\u0131daki \u015fiirin ikinci m\u0131sras\u0131nda \u201cate\u015f\u201d ve \u201cya\u015f\u201d s\u00f6zc\u00fckleri s\u00f6ylenmi\u015f, hemen sonraki m\u0131srada bunlarla ilgili, bunlar\u0131 anlamca tamamlayan s\u00f6zc\u00fckler ayn\u0131 s\u0131rayla verilmi\u015ftir. (leff \u00fc ne\u015fr sanat\u0131)<\/p>\n

Nedir bu sava\u015f <\/strong>insanlarda bar\u0131\u015f<\/strong>a azim yok mu
\n1 2
\nKan d\u00f6k\u00fcc\u00fc m\u0131zra\u011f\u0131<\/strong> at\u0131p zeytin dal\u0131<\/strong> tutmak yok mu
\n1 2<\/p>\n

Yukar\u0131daki \u015fiirin birinci m\u0131sras\u0131nda \u201csava\u015f\u201d ve \u201cbar\u0131\u015f\u201d s\u00f6zc\u00fckleri s\u00f6ylenmi\u015f, hemen sonraki m\u0131srada bunlarla ilgili, bunlar\u0131 anlamca tamamlayan s\u00f6zc\u00fckler ayn\u0131 s\u0131rayla verilmi\u015ftir. (leff \u00fc ne\u015fr sanat\u0131)<\/p>\n

* D\u00fczensiz Leff \u00fc Ne\u015fr<\/strong>
\nBirinci m\u0131srada s\u00f6ylenenlerin ikinci m\u0131srada tersten ya da kar\u0131\u015f\u0131k olarak s\u00f6ylenmesidir.<\/p>\n

Deli eder insan\u0131 bu deniz<\/strong>, bu g\u00f6ky\u00fcz\u00fc<\/strong>
\n1 2
\nG\u00f6z k\u0131rpar y\u0131ld\u0131zlar<\/strong>, t\u00fcrk\u00fc s\u00f6yler bal\u0131klar<\/strong>
\n2 1
\nCahit \u00d6zt\u00fcrk<\/em><\/p>\n

Yukar\u0131daki \u015fiirin birinci m\u0131sras\u0131nda \u201cdeniz\u201d ve \u201cg\u00f6ky\u00fcz\u00fc\u201d s\u00f6zc\u00fckleri s\u00f6ylenmi\u015f, sonraki m\u0131srada bunlarla ilgili s\u00f6zc\u00fckler kar\u0131\u015f\u0131k olarak verilmi\u015ftir. (leff \u00fc ne\u015fr sanat\u0131)<\/p>\n

\u0130ST\u0130FHAM (Soru Sorma)<\/strong><\/p>\n

Duygu, heyecan ve anlat\u0131m\u0131 g\u00fc\u00e7lendirmek amac\u0131yla, herhangi bir cevap beklemeden soru sormaya \u201cistifham\u201d (soru sorma)<\/strong> denir.
\n* \u0130stifham sanat\u0131nda \u015fair soru sorar, ancak cevap beklemez. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc cevab\u0131 kendisi zaten bilmektedir.<\/p>\n

Her g\u00fcn bu kadar g\u00fczel mi bu deniz?
\nB\u00f6yle mi g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcr g\u00f6ky\u00fcz\u00fc her zaman?<\/p>\n

Orhan Veli Kan\u0131k<\/em><\/p>\n

AK\u0130S (Yans\u0131ma)<\/strong><\/p>\n

Bir c\u00fcmle ya da m\u0131sra i\u00e7indeki s\u00f6zleri ters \u00e7evirerek s\u00f6ylemeye \u201cakis\u201d (yans\u0131ma)<\/strong> denir.<\/p>\n

Her ini\u015fin bir yoku\u015fu, her yoku\u015fun bir ini\u015fi vard\u0131r.
\n\u2190 – – – – – \u2502 – – – – – \u2192
\nAtas\u00f6z\u00fc<\/em><\/p>\n

Utand\u0131m a\u011flayarak, a\u011flad\u0131m utanmayarak.
\n\u2190 – – – – – \u2502 – – – – – \u2192
\nMehmet \u00c2kif Ersoy<\/em><\/p>\n

Yemek i\u00e7in ya\u015famamal\u0131, ya\u015famak i\u00e7in yemeli.
\n\u2190 – – – – – \u2502 – – – – – \u2192<\/p>\n

Montaigne<\/em><\/p>\n

N\u0130D\u00c2 (\u00dcnlem\/Seslenme)<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u015eairin duygu ve heyecanlar\u0131n\u0131n co\u015fmas\u0131 sonucunda olaylar\u0131, varl\u0131klar\u0131 hayalinde canland\u0131r\u0131p onlara seslenmesine \u201cnid\u00e2\u201d (\u00fcnlem \/ seslenme) <\/strong>denir.<\/p>\n

Ey <\/strong>bu topraklar i\u00e7in topra\u011fa d\u00fc\u015fm\u00fc\u015f asker
\nG\u00f6kten ecd\u00e2d inerek \u00f6pse o p\u00e2k aln\u0131 de\u011fer
\nMehmet \u00c2kif Ersoy<\/em><\/p>\n

Yukar\u0131daki \u015fiirde \u015fair, bu vatan i\u00e7in \u015fehit d\u00fc\u015fen askerlere \u201cEy\u201d \u00fcnlemiyle sesleniyor. (nid\u00e2 sanat\u0131)<\/p>\n

Merhaba <\/strong>duvar\u0131ma vuran \u0131\u015f\u0131k!
\nKa\u015f\u0131\u011f\u0131mdaki \u00e7orba, merhaba<\/strong>!
\nMerhaba <\/strong>u\u011fuldayan orman!<\/p>\n

A. Kadir<\/em><\/p>\n

C\u0130NAS (Seste\u015flik\/E\u015f Seslilik)<\/strong><\/p>\n

Yaz\u0131l\u0131\u015flar\u0131 ve okunu\u015flar\u0131 ayn\u0131, anlamlar\u0131 farkl\u0131 olan iki s\u00f6zc\u00fc\u011f\u00fc bir arada kullanmaya \u201ccinas\u201d (seste\u015flik \/ e\u015f seslilik)<\/strong> denir.<\/p>\n

Bir g\u00fczel \u015f\u00fbha dedim iki g\u00f6z\u00fcn s\u00fcrmelidir<\/strong>
\nDedi vallahi seni Hind\u2019e kadar s\u00fcrmelidir<\/strong><\/p>\n

s\u00fcrmeli \u2192 1. m\u0131sra: g\u00f6z\u00fc s\u00fcrmeli
\n\u2192 2. m\u0131sra: s\u00fcrg\u00fcn etmeli, uzakla\u015ft\u0131rmal\u0131<\/p>\n

Yukar\u0131daki \u015fiirde \u201cs\u00fcrmelidir\u201d s\u00f6zc\u00fckleri yaz\u0131l\u0131\u015flar\u0131 ve okunu\u015flar\u0131 ayn\u0131 olmas\u0131na ra\u011fmen, iki farkl\u0131 anlamda kullan\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. (cinas sanat\u0131)<\/p>\n

Her nefeste i\u015fledim ben bir g\u00fcn\u00e2h<\/strong>
\nBir g\u00fcnah i\u00e7in demedim bir g\u00fcn \u00e2h<\/strong>
\nS\u00fcleyman \u00c7elebi<\/em><\/p>\n

g\u00fcn\u00e2h \u2192 1. m\u0131sra: dine g\u00f6re su\u00e7 say\u0131lan davran\u0131\u015f
\ng\u00fcn \u00e2h \u2192 2. m\u0131sra: bir g\u00fcn \u00e2h etmedim, pi\u015fman olmad\u0131m<\/p>\n

Yukar\u0131daki \u015fiirde \u201cg\u00fcn\u00e2h-g\u00fcn \u00e2h\u201d s\u00f6zc\u00fckleri yaz\u0131l\u0131\u015flar\u0131 ve okunu\u015flar\u0131 ayn\u0131 olmas\u0131na ra\u011fmen, iki farkl\u0131 anlamda kullan\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. (cinas sanat\u0131)<\/p>\n

TERD\u0130T (\u015ea\u015f\u0131rtma\/Beklenmezlik)<\/strong><\/p>\n

S\u00f6z\u00fc beklenmedik bir bi\u00e7imde bitirerek okuyucuyu \u015fa\u015f\u0131rtmaya, merakta b\u0131rakmaya \u201cterdit\u201d (\u015fa\u015f\u0131rtma \/ beklenmezlik) denir.<\/p>\n

En a\u011f\u0131r i\u015f\u00e7i benim
\nG\u00fcn yirmi d\u00f6rt saat
\nSeni d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcyorum<\/strong>
\n\u00dcmit Ya\u015far O\u011fuzcan<\/em><\/p>\n

Yukar\u0131daki \u015fiirin son m\u0131sras\u0131nda \u015fair, \u015fiirin genel anlam ak\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131n d\u0131\u015f\u0131na \u00e7\u0131kar. \u015eiir \u015fa\u015f\u0131rt\u0131c\u0131, beklenmedik bir bi\u00e7imde sona erer. (terdit sanat\u0131)<\/p>\n

Di\u015fin mi a\u011fr\u0131yor?
\n\u00c7ek kurtul.
\nBa\u015f\u0131n m\u0131 a\u011fr\u0131yor?
\nBir \u00e7eyre\u011fe iki aspirin.
\nVerem misin?
\n\u00dcz\u00fclme, onun da \u00e7aresi var,
\n\u00d6l\u00fcr gidersin\u2026<\/strong>
\nSabri Soran<\/em><\/p>\n

Yukar\u0131daki \u015fiirde \u015fair, di\u015f ve ba\u015f a\u011fr\u0131lar\u0131na \u00e7areler buluyor, ancak i\u015f verem hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131na gelince \u201c\u00d6l\u00fcr gidersin\u2026\u201d diyerek \u015fa\u015f\u0131rt\u0131c\u0131, beklenmedik bir yorum yap\u0131yor. (terdit sanat\u0131)<\/p>\n

TEDR\u0130C (Derecelendirme)<\/strong><\/p>\n

Bir d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnceyi, y\u00fckselten veya indiren bir d\u00fczen i\u00e7inde derecelendirerek s\u0131ralamaya \u201ctedric\u201d (derecelendirme)<\/strong> denir.<\/p>\n

Ge\u00e7sin g\u00fczel g\u00fcnler, haftalar, aylar, mevsimler, y\u0131llar
\nZaman sanki bir r\u00fczg\u00e2r ve bir su gibi aks\u0131n
\nEnis Behi\u00e7 Kory\u00fcrek<\/em><\/p>\n

Yukar\u0131daki \u015fiirde zamanla ilgili s\u00f6zc\u00fckler, derecelendirilerek s\u0131ralanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. (tedric sanat\u0131)<\/p>\n

G\u00fcn \u2192 hafta \u2192 ay \u2192 mevsim \u2192 y\u0131l
\n1 g\u00fcn 7 g\u00fcn 30 g\u00fcn 3 ay 12 ay<\/p>\n

\u00a0
\nLEB DE\u011eMEZ (Dudak De\u011fmez) <\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0130\u00e7inde dudak \u00fcns\u00fczleri (b, p, m, f, v) bulunmayan \u015fiirlere \u201cleb de\u011fmez\u201d (dudak de\u011fmez)<\/strong> denir.
\n* Leb de\u011fmez sanat\u0131 halk \u015fairleri (saz \u015fairleri) taraf\u0131ndan kullan\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.
\n* Saz \u015fairleri tek olarak ya da ba\u015fka \u00e2\u015f\u0131klarla kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131kl\u0131 leb de\u011fmez s\u00f6ylerken dudaklar\u0131n\u0131n aras\u0131na i\u011fne koyarlar. Yanl\u0131\u015fl\u0131kla dudak \u00fcns\u00fczlerinden birini s\u00f6ylediklerinde i\u011fne dudaklar\u0131na batar. Bu \u015fekilde hakemlerin ceza vermesine gerek kalmaz.<\/p>\n

Hicran zindan\u0131nda dara \u00e7ekilen
\nSaklar sinesinde ne\u00e7e da\u011flar\u0131
\n\u00c2\u015f\u0131k \u015eenlik<\/em><\/p>\n

Yukar\u0131daki \u015fiir, dudak \u00fcns\u00fczleri (b, m, p, f, v) kullan\u0131lmadan s\u00f6ylenmi\u015ftir. (leb de\u011fmez sanat\u0131)<\/p>\n

SEC\u0130 (D\u00fczyaz\u0131da ki Kafiye)<\/strong><\/p>\n

D\u00fczyaz\u0131da kafiyeli s\u00f6zler kullanmaya \u201cseci<\/strong>\u201d denir.<\/p>\n

I\u015fkdur g\u00f6nli g\u00fcl\u015fen iden, \u0131\u015fkdur i\u00e7i v\u00fc ta\u015f\u0131 r\u00fb\u015fen<\/strong> iden.
\nSinan Pa\u015fa<\/em><\/p>\n

(g\u00fcl\u015fen: g\u00fcl bah\u00e7esi, ru\u015fen: ayd\u0131nl\u0131k)<\/p>\n

AL\u0130TERASYON (\u00dcns\u00fcz Tekrar\u0131)<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u015eiirde belli bir ahenk sa\u011flamak amac\u0131yla ayn\u0131 \u00fcns\u00fcz harf veya harflerin tekrarlanmas\u0131na \u201caliterasyon\u201d (\u00fcns\u00fcz tekrar\u0131)<\/strong> denir.<\/p>\n

Eyl<\/strong>\u00fcl<\/strong> mel<\/strong>\u00fbl<\/strong> ol<\/strong>du g\u00f6n\u00fcl<\/strong> sol<\/strong>du da l<\/strong>\u00e2l<\/strong>e
\nBir k\u00e2k\u00fcl<\/strong>e meyl<\/strong>etti g\u00f6n\u00fcl<\/strong> gel<\/strong>di bu h\u00e2l<\/strong>e
\nEdip Ayel<\/em><\/p>\n

Yukar\u0131daki \u015fiirde \u201cl<\/strong>\u201d \u00fcns\u00fczlerinin tekrar\u0131yla belli bir ahenk sa\u011flanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. (aliterasyon sanat\u0131)<\/p>\n

ASONANS (\u00dcnl\u00fc Tekrar\u0131)<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u015eiirde belli bir ahenk sa\u011flamak amac\u0131yla ayn\u0131 \u00fcnl\u00fc harf veya harflerin tekrarlanmas\u0131na \u201casonans\u201d (\u00fcnl\u00fc tekrar\u0131)<\/strong> denir.<\/p>\n

Ok a<\/strong>t\u0131l\u0131r ka<\/strong>la<\/strong>s\u0131nda<\/strong>n
\nHa<\/strong>k sa<\/strong>kla<\/strong>s\u0131n bela<\/strong>s\u0131nda<\/strong>n
\nK\u00f6ro\u011flu\u2019nun na<\/strong>ra<\/strong>s\u0131nda<\/strong>n
\nHer ya<\/strong>n g\u00fcmb\u00fcr g\u00fcmb\u00fcrdenir
\nK\u00f6ro\u011flu<\/em><\/p>\n

Yukar\u0131daki \u015fiirde \u201ca<\/strong>\u201d \u00fcnl\u00fclerinin tekrar\u0131ndan belli bir ahenk sa\u011flanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. (asonans sanat\u0131)<\/p>\n

AKROST\u0130\u015e<\/strong><\/p>\n

Bir \u015fiirde m\u0131sralar\u0131n ilk harflerinin, yukar\u0131dan a\u015fa\u011f\u0131ya okundu\u011funda anlaml\u0131 bir s\u00f6zc\u00fck olacak bi\u00e7imde d\u00fczenlenmesine \u201cakrosti\u015f\u201d denir.<\/p>\n

D<\/strong>emek sevmek b\u00f6yle bir \u015feymi\u015f
\n\u0130<\/strong>nan \u00f6lmekten betermi\u015f
\nD<\/strong>\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnmesi bile g\u00fczelmi\u015f
\nE<\/strong>line bir kez de\u011fmeyi
\nM<\/strong>i\u015f mi\u015f mi\u015f
\nSoner \u015eahin<\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

TE\u015eB\u0130H (Benzetme) Aralar\u0131nda benzerlik ilgisi bulunan iki \u015feyden, nitelik\u00e7e zay\u0131folan\u0131n g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fcolana benzetilmesine \u201cte\u015fbih\u201d (benzetme) denir. Te\u015fbih sanat\u0131n\u0131n d\u00f6rt \u00f6gesi vard\u0131r: 1. Benzeyen, 2. Kendisine Benzetilen, 3. Benzetme Y\u00f6n\u00fc, 4. Benzetme Edat\u0131. inci gibi beyaz di\u015f Kendisine Benzetme Benzetme Benzeyen Benzetilen Edat\u0131 Y\u00f6n\u00fc (g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc) (zay\u0131f) Yukar\u0131daki \u00f6rnekte \u201cdi\u015f\u201d beyazl\u0131k y\u00f6n\u00fcnden \u201cinci\u201dye benzetilmi\u015ftir. (te\u015fbih sanat\u0131) * D\u00f6rt … Devam\u0131n\u0131 oku…<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[19,224,12],"tags":[13087,13082,13083,13088,13085,13090,13089,13081,13086,13084],"class_list":["post-38572","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-dilbilgisi","category-edebiyat-dil-anlatim","category-tr","tag-intak","tag-istiare","tag-kinaye","tag-mubalaga","tag-tariz","tag-tekrir","tag-telmih","tag-tesbih","tag-teshis","tag-tevriye"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/38572","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=38572"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/38572\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=38572"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=38572"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=38572"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}