{"id":38554,"date":"2012-11-27T18:39:27","date_gmt":"2012-11-27T16:39:27","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/?p=38554"},"modified":"2012-11-27T18:39:27","modified_gmt":"2012-11-27T16:39:27","slug":"turkiye-tarihi-kultur-ve-medeniyet","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/turkiye-tarihi-kultur-ve-medeniyet.html","title":{"rendered":"T\u00fcrkiye Tarihi K\u00fclt\u00fcr ve Medeniyet"},"content":{"rendered":"

a-Devlet Y\u00f6netimi<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u25aaAnadolu Sel\u00e7uklu Devleti, B\u00fcy\u00fck Sel\u00e7uklu Devletini \u00f6rnek alm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Anadolu Sel\u00e7uklu Devletinde h\u00fck\u00fcmdarlar \u201cSultan\u201d \u00fcnvan\u0131n\u0131 kullanm\u0131\u015flard\u0131r.<\/p>\n

\u25aaH\u00fck\u00fcmdarlar\u0131n \u00e7ocuklar\u0131 (\u015fehzadeler) \u201cMelik\u201d<\/strong> \u00fcnvan\u0131 ile Atabey\u2019lerin g\u00f6zetiminde eyaletlere vali olarak atan\u0131rd\u0131.<\/p>\n

\u25aaDevlet meseleleri \u201cDivan-\u0131 Saltanat\u201d<\/strong> da g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fcl\u00fcrd\u00fc. Sultandan sonra en yetkili devlet adam\u0131na \u201cVezir\u201d <\/strong>denirdi.<\/p>\n

\u25aaDevletin ba\u015fkenti \u00f6nce \u0130znik iken sonra Konya olmu\u015ftur.<\/p>\n

\u25aa\u0130llerde emniyet ve g\u00fcvenlik i\u015flerine \u201cSuba\u015f\u0131lar\u201d, adalet i\u015flerine \u201cKad\u0131lar\u201d bakard\u0131.<\/strong><\/p>\n

b-Toprak Y\u00f6netimi<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u25aaAnadolu Sel\u00e7uklular\u0131\u2019nda topraklar devlet mal\u0131 olarak kabul edilir ve \u201cMiri Arazi\u201d olarak adland\u0131r\u0131l\u0131rd\u0131. Miri arazi,\u00a0 d\u00f6rde ayr\u0131l\u0131rd\u0131.<\/strong><\/p>\n

1-Has Arazi:<\/em><\/strong> <\/strong>Gelirleri en y\u00fcksek olan, Sultan ve ailesine verilen topraklard\u0131r.<\/p>\n

2-Ikta Arazi:<\/em><\/strong> <\/strong>Hizmet kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 verilen <\/strong>topraklard\u0131r.<\/p>\n

3-M\u00fclk Arazi:<\/em><\/strong> <\/strong>G\u00f6revlerinde ba\u015far\u0131 <\/strong>g\u00f6steren devlet adam\u0131na verilirdi. Sahibi ister satabilir isterse miras b\u0131rakabilirdi.<\/p>\n

4-Vak\u0131f Arazi:<\/em><\/strong> <\/strong>Gelirleri sosyal <\/strong>kurumlar\u0131n giderleri i\u00e7in ayr\u0131lan topraklard\u0131r. Bu t\u00fcr arazilerden devlet, vergi almazd\u0131.<\/p>\n

c-Ordu <\/strong><\/p>\n

\u25aaAnadolu Sel\u00e7uklular\u0131nda ordu ba\u015fl\u0131ca iki k\u0131sma ayr\u0131l\u0131yordu.<\/p>\n

1-Kap\u0131kulu (Hassa) Askerleri:<\/em><\/strong> Sultana ba\u011fl\u0131 ayl\u0131k alan askerlerdi. Genellikle esir gen\u00e7lerden olu\u015furdu ve sava\u015fta sultan\u0131n yan\u0131nda yer al\u0131rlard\u0131<\/p>\n

2-\u0130kta Askerleri: <\/em><\/strong>\u0130kta sahiplerinin yeti\u015ftirdi\u011fi T\u00fcrk askerlerden olu\u015furdu.<\/p>\n

d-Yaz\u0131, Dil, Edebiyat<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u25aaAnadolu Sel\u00e7uklu devletinde bilim dili Arap\u00e7a, edebiyat ve devletin resmi dili Fars\u00e7a idi.<\/p>\n

\u25aaMevlana Celaleddin-i Rumi eserlerini Fars\u00e7a, Yunus Emre T\u00fcrk\u00e7e yazm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n

\u25aaKaramano\u011flu Mehmet Bey, T\u00fcrk\u00e7e\u2019yi ilk kez resmi dil ilan etmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

e-Sosyal ve Ekonomik Ya\u015fam: <\/strong><\/p>\n

\u25aaHalk k\u00f6yl\u00fc, g\u00f6\u00e7ebe ve \u015fehirli diye \u00fc\u00e7e ayr\u0131l\u0131rd\u0131.<\/p>\n

\u25aaAlaaddin Keykubat ticareti canland\u0131rmak i\u00e7in zarara u\u011frayan t\u00fcccar\u0131n zarar\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6deyece\u011fini a\u00e7\u0131klam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n

\u25aa Belirli meslek gruplar\u0131ndan esnaflar bir araya gelerek Lonca Te\u015fkilatlar\u0131n\u0131 olu\u015ftururlard\u0131.lonca te\u015fkilatlar\u0131n\u0131n bir \u00e7at\u0131 alt\u0131nda toplanmas\u0131yla Ahi Te\u015fkilatlar\u0131 olu\u015furdu.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

a-Devlet Y\u00f6netimi \u25aaAnadolu Sel\u00e7uklu Devleti, B\u00fcy\u00fck Sel\u00e7uklu Devletini \u00f6rnek alm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Anadolu Sel\u00e7uklu Devletinde h\u00fck\u00fcmdarlar \u201cSultan\u201d \u00fcnvan\u0131n\u0131 kullanm\u0131\u015flard\u0131r. \u25aaH\u00fck\u00fcmdarlar\u0131n \u00e7ocuklar\u0131 (\u015fehzadeler) \u201cMelik\u201d \u00fcnvan\u0131 ile Atabey\u2019lerin g\u00f6zetiminde eyaletlere vali olarak atan\u0131rd\u0131. \u25aaDevlet meseleleri \u201cDivan-\u0131 Saltanat\u201d da g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fcl\u00fcrd\u00fc. Sultandan sonra en yetkili devlet adam\u0131na \u201cVezir\u201d denirdi. \u25aaDevletin ba\u015fkenti \u00f6nce \u0130znik iken sonra Konya olmu\u015ftur. \u25aa\u0130llerde emniyet ve g\u00fcvenlik … Devam\u0131n\u0131 oku…<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1686,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[26],"tags":[13071,13072],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/38554"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1686"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=38554"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/38554\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=38554"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=38554"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=38554"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}