{"id":38433,"date":"2012-11-25T12:06:28","date_gmt":"2012-11-25T10:06:28","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/?p=38433"},"modified":"2020-04-24T23:25:18","modified_gmt":"2020-04-24T20:25:18","slug":"izmir-iktisat-kongresinde-alinan-kararlar","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/izmir-iktisat-kongresinde-alinan-kararlar.html","title":{"rendered":"\u0130zmir \u0130ktisat Kongresi&#8217;nde Al\u0131nan Kararlar"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Kongrede Al\u0131nan Kararlar Yeni T\u00fcrk devletinin temelleri 23 Nisan 1920&#8217;de at\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131; ancak en \u00f6nemli sorunun i\u015fgalden kurtar\u0131lmas\u0131 olmas\u0131 nedeniyle ekonomik sorunlarla fazlas\u0131yla ilgilenilememi\u015fti.Kald\u0131 ki Mustafa Kemal askeri ba\u015far\u0131lar\u0131n ekonomik ba\u015far\u0131lar ile ta\u00e7land\u0131r\u0131lmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 s\u00fcrece bir anlam ifade etme\u011fini biliyordu.<\/p>\n<p>\u0130\u015fte bu ama\u00e7la Mustafa Kemal daha cumhuriyet ilan edilmeden bu konuya e\u011fildi ve 18 \u015eubat 1923&#8217;te \u0130zmir \u0130ktisat Kongresi&#8217;ni ivedilikle toplad\u0131.Bu kongrenin toplanma amac\u0131 ekonomik kalk\u0131nma i\u00e7in ortak ama\u00e7lar\u0131 ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirecek y\u00f6ntemleri aramakt\u0131.Bu do\u011frultuda 18 \u015eubat 1923&#8217;te toplanan \u0130zmir \u0130ktisat Kongresi&#8217;nde al\u0131nan kararlar\u0131 a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki \u015fekilde maddeleyebiliriz:<\/p>\n<h1>\u0130zmir \u0130ktisat Kongresi&#8217;nde Al\u0131nan Kararlar<\/h1>\n<ul class=\"bs-shortcode-list list-style-check\">\n<li>El i\u015f\u00e7ili\u011fi ve k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck i\u015fletmeden derhal fabrikasyon siteme ge\u00e7ilmelidir.<\/li>\n<li>Devlet yava\u015f yava\u015f ekonomik g\u00fcc\u00fc olan organ haline gelmelidir.\u00d6zel sekt\u00f6r taraf\u0131ndan kurulan te\u015febb\u00fcsler devlet\u00e7e desteklenmelidir.<\/li>\n<li>\u00d6zel te\u015febb\u00fcse destek ve kredi sa\u011flayacak iki devlet bankas\u0131 kurulmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/li>\n<li>D\u0131\u015far\u0131 ile rekabet edebilmek i\u00e7in sanayi bir b\u00fct\u00fcnl\u00fck i\u00e7inde kurulmal\u0131d\u0131r.Yabanc\u0131lar\u0131n tekellerinden ka\u00e7\u0131n\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/li>\n<li>Demir yollar\u0131n\u0131n k\u0131sa s\u00fcrede yap\u0131lmas\u0131na ba\u015flanmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/li>\n<li>\u00a0\u0130\u015f\u00e7ilere amele de\u011fil i\u015f\u00e7i denmelidir.<\/li>\n<li>Sendika hakk\u0131 tan\u0131nmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Bu kongreye i\u015f\u00e7i, \u00e7ift\u00e7i, t\u00fcccar ve sanayici olmak \u00fczere toplam 1135 delege kat\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Kongre &#8220;Misak-\u0131 \u0130ktisadi&#8221; (Milli Ekonomi \u0130lkesi)yi kabul etmi\u015f ve nihayetinde de yukar\u0131da \u00f6zetlenmeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131lan kararlar ortaya \u00e7\u0131km\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.Bu ilkenin \u00f6z\u00fc ise &#8220;Ekonomik geli\u015fmemiz ve kalk\u0131nmam\u0131z, milli ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z i\u00e7inde sa\u011flanacakt\u0131r.Temel hedef siyasal ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131k gibi ekonomik ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131n da sa\u011flanmas\u0131d\u0131r.&#8221;<\/p>\n<p>Kongre ekonomik doktrinlere saplanmam\u0131\u015f bilime ve \u00fclkenin i\u00e7inde bulundu\u011fu ekonomik duruma uyan alka uygun \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcmler getirmi\u015ftir. Zatem Misak-\u0131 \u0130ktisadi&#8217;nin ta\u015f\u0131d\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir di\u011fer anlam ise b\u00fcy\u00fck devletlerin ekonomik boyunduru\u011fu alt\u0131na girmeden kendi kaynak ve \u00e7abalar\u0131m\u0131zla kalk\u0131nman\u0131n sa\u011flanmas\u0131d\u0131r.1920 ile 1933 y\u0131llar\u0131 aras\u0131nda yeni T\u00fcrk devletinin ekonomik, k\u00fclt\u00fcrel ve sosyal alanlarda kalk\u0131nmaya haz\u0131rl\u0131k y\u0131llar\u0131 olmu\u015ftur.<\/p>\n<p>1933&#8217;ten sonra ise devlet \u00f6zel te\u015febb\u00fcs\u00fcn ba\u015far\u0131s\u0131z oldu\u011fu alanlara girmi\u015f yeni b\u00fcy\u00fck yat\u0131r\u0131mlar devlet eliyle yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.Bu uygulamadan da devlet\u00e7ilik ilkesi do\u011fmu\u015ftur. Nitekim 1933 y\u0131l\u0131nda ilk 5 y\u0131ll\u0131k plan bu g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fler do\u011frultusunda haz\u0131rlanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. I. Be\u015f Y\u0131ll\u0131k Kalk\u0131nma Plan\u0131&#8217;n\u0131n ard\u0131ndan hemen II. be\u015f y\u0131ll\u0131k plan haz\u0131rland\u0131ysa da II.D\u00fcnya Sava\u015f\u0131&#8217;n\u0131n araya girmesi ile bu paln uygulanamam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.1933 &#8211; 1938 y\u0131llar\u0131 aras\u0131na T\u00fcrk sanayisinin planl\u0131 kurulu\u015f d\u00f6nemi denmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Kongrede Al\u0131nan Kararlar Yeni T\u00fcrk devletinin temelleri 23 Nisan 1920&#8217;de at\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131; ancak en \u00f6nemli sorunun i\u015fgalden kurtar\u0131lmas\u0131 olmas\u0131 nedeniyle ekonomik sorunlarla fazlas\u0131yla ilgilenilememi\u015fti.Kald\u0131 ki Mustafa Kemal askeri ba\u015far\u0131lar\u0131n ekonomik ba\u015far\u0131lar ile ta\u00e7land\u0131r\u0131lmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 s\u00fcrece bir anlam ifade etme\u011fini biliyordu. \u0130\u015fte bu ama\u00e7la Mustafa Kemal daha cumhuriyet ilan edilmeden bu konuya e\u011fildi ve 18 \u015eubat 1923&#8217;te \u0130zmir &#8230; <a title=\"\u0130zmir \u0130ktisat Kongresi&#8217;nde Al\u0131nan Kararlar\" class=\"read-more\" href=\"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/izmir-iktisat-kongresinde-alinan-kararlar.html\" aria-label=\"More on \u0130zmir \u0130ktisat Kongresi&#8217;nde Al\u0131nan Kararlar\">Devam\u0131n\u0131 oku&#8230;<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[14,20],"tags":[1178],"class_list":["post-38433","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-sosyal-bilgiler","category-tc-ink-tarihi-ve-ataturkculuk","tag-izmir-iktisat-kongresi"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/38433","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=38433"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/38433\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=38433"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=38433"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=38433"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}