{"id":38421,"date":"2012-11-25T11:43:39","date_gmt":"2012-11-25T09:43:39","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/?p=38421"},"modified":"2012-11-25T11:43:39","modified_gmt":"2012-11-25T09:43:39","slug":"goc-destani","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/goc-destani.html","title":{"rendered":"G\u00f6\u00e7 Destan\u0131"},"content":{"rendered":"

G\u00f6\u00e7 Destan\u0131 – T\u00fcrk Destanlari<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Bug\u00fcn Orkun \u0131rma\u011f\u0131n\u0131n k\u0131y\u0131s\u0131nda bir kent kal\u0131nt\u0131s\u0131 ile bir saray y\u0131k\u0131nt\u0131s\u0131 vard\u0131r ki \u00e7ok eskiden bu kente Ordu-Bal\u0131g denildi\u011fi san\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. G\u00f6\u00e7 Destan\u0131, bu kentteki saray y\u0131k\u0131nt\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6n\u00fcnde bulunan an\u0131tlardan birinde yaz\u0131l\u0131d\u0131r. Bu yaz\u0131tlar, H\u00fcseyin Nam\u0131k Orkun’a g\u00f6re, Mogol han\u0131 \u00d6gedey d\u00f6neminde \u00c7in’den getirilen uzmanlara okutturulup terc\u00fcme ettirilmi\u015ftir.<\/span><\/p>\n

G\u00f6\u00e7 Destan\u0131’n\u0131n \u00c7in ve \u0130ran kaynaklar\u0131ndaki kay\u0131tlara g\u00f6re iki ayr\u0131 s\u00f6yleni\u015f bi\u00e7imi vard\u0131r. Bu iki ayr\u0131 s\u00f6yleyi\u015f bi\u00e7imi birbirine ters d\u00fc\u015fer nitelikte de\u011fil birbirini b\u00fct\u00fcnler niteliktedir. \u0130ran kaynaklar\u0131ndaki s\u00f6yleyi\u015f bi\u00e7imi, tarihsel bilgilere daha yak\u0131nd\u0131r. Ayr\u0131ca \u0130ran s\u00f6yleyi\u015fi, Uygurlar’\u0131n maniheizm dinini benimseyi\u015flerini anlatan bir menk\u0131be niteli\u011findedir. \u0130ran s\u00f6yleyi\u015fi C\u00fcveyn\u00ee’nin Tarih-i Cihang\u00fc\u015fa adl\u0131 eserinde yer almaktad\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n

Destanda ad\u0131 ge\u00e7en B\u00f6g\u00fc Kagan, MS 8. y\u00fczy\u0131lda ya\u015fam\u0131\u015f bir Uygur kagan\u0131d\u0131r. 763 y\u0131l\u0131nda B\u00f6g\u00fc Kagan, Mani (Maniheizm) dininin rahiplerini \u00e7a\u011f\u0131r\u0131p onlar\u0131 dinlemi\u015f ve bu dini Uygur Devleti’nin resmi dini olarak kabul etmi\u015ftir. A\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki efsanenin kahraman\u0131 olan B\u00f6g\u00fc Kagan, Mani dinini benimseyip yayan bu kagand\u0131r. B\u00f6g\u00fc Kagan’\u0131n Mani dinini kabul etmesi, G\u00f6\u00e7 Destan\u0131’n\u0131n \u0130ran kaynaklar\u0131na g\u00f6re olan varyant\u0131nda anlat\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. Bu ba\u011flamda efsanenin gerek konu, gerekse dayand\u0131\u011f\u0131 inan\u00e7lar bak\u0131m\u0131ndan Mani dininin ilkelerine dayanmas\u0131 gerekirdi. Ancak durum tam olarak b\u00f6yle de\u011fildir. G\u00f6\u00e7 Destan\u0131’nda Bozk\u0131r K\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fc a\u011f\u0131r basm\u0131\u015f ve efsanenin ana motifleri Orta Asya \u00f6geleri ile donanarak Eski T\u00fcrk inan\u00e7lar\u0131 Maniheizm ve Budizm inan\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131 adeta efsanenin d\u0131\u015f\u0131na itmi\u015ftir.<\/span><\/p>\n

T\u00fcrk destanlar\u0131n\u0131n kurulu\u015funu ve geli\u015fmesini haz\u0131rlayan cihan devleti olma \u00fclk\u00fcs\u00fcn\u00fcn G\u00f6\u00e7 Destan\u0131’nda kutsal bir inan\u00e7la ya\u015fat\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcr. Oguz Kagan, Alp Er Tonga (Afrasyab) ve Ergenekon destanlar\u0131nda g\u00f6r\u00fclen bu \u00fclk\u00fcn\u00fcn G\u00f6\u00e7 Destan\u0131’na da i\u015flenmesiyle, T\u00fcrk destanlar\u0131n\u0131n yap\u0131 bak\u0131m\u0131ndan belirgin bir b\u00fct\u00fcnl\u00fck kazand\u0131\u011f\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcr. T\u00fcrk destanlar\u0131n\u0131n ayr\u0131 adlarla farkl\u0131 zamanlarda kurulmu\u015f gibi g\u00f6r\u00fcnmelerine kar\u015f\u0131n, destanlar\u0131n olu\u015fumunda ayn\u0131 boylar\u0131n etkili olu\u015fu destanlar\u0131n ayn\u0131 kaynakta birle\u015ftiklerini kan\u0131tlar.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00c7in ve \u0130ran kaynaklar\u0131nca bir \u00e7ok kez s\u00f6z\u00fc edilen G\u00f6\u00e7 Destan\u0131 ile ilgili en \u00f6nemli kaynaklardan biri \u0130ranl\u0131 tarih\u00e7i C\u00fcveyn\u00ee taraf\u0131ndan yaz\u0131lm\u0131\u015f olan “Tarih-i Cihang\u00fc\u015fa” adl\u0131 yap\u0131td\u0131r. \u0130kinci \u00f6nemli kaynak da son Uygur hanlar\u0131ndan Tem\u00fcr Buka (Demir Bo\u011fa) ad\u0131na dikilmi\u015f olan mezar ta\u015f\u0131 yaz\u0131t\u0131d\u0131r. Bu yaz\u0131t\u0131n metni sonradan \u00f6zet olarak \u00c7in tarihlerine ge\u00e7mi\u015f ve kimi Avrupal\u0131 yazarlar da ikinci elden kaynaklardan bu bilgileri \u00f6zet olarak aktarm\u0131\u015flard\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n

G\u00f6\u00e7 Destan\u0131 ile Oguz Kagan Destan\u0131 Aras\u0131ndaki Benzerlikler<\/span><\/p>\n

G\u00f6\u00e7 Destan\u0131’n\u0131n kahraman\u0131 olan B\u00f6g\u00fc Kagan’\u0131n ak\u0131nlar\u0131, Oguz Destan\u0131’n\u0131n kahraman\u0131 Oguz Kagan’\u0131n seferleriyle benzerlik g\u00f6stermektedir. Oguz Kagan Destan\u0131’n\u0131n islam\u00ee s\u00f6yleyi\u015finde Oguz Kagan, kuzeybat\u0131daki karanl\u0131k \u00fclkelere do\u011fru gittik\u00e7e, ba\u015flar\u0131 k\u00f6pek ba\u015f\u0131na benzeyen \u0130t-Barak adl\u0131 bir kavme rastlar. Oguz Kagan Destan\u0131’n\u0131n anlat\u0131m\u0131na g\u00f6re art\u0131k buradan sonra insano\u011flunun ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131 topraklar bitmekte, garip yarat\u0131klar\u0131n \u00fclkeleri ba\u015flamakta idi. B\u00f6g\u00fc Kagan da ak\u0131nlar\u0131nda o denli ilerilere gitmi\u015fti ki art\u0131k elleri ve ayaklar\u0131 hayvanlar\u0131nkine benzeyen insan t\u00fcrlerine rastlam\u0131\u015ft\u0131. G\u00f6\u00e7 Destan\u0131’na g\u00f6re B\u00f6g\u00fc Kagan, t\u0131pk\u0131 Oguz Kagan gibi, Hindistan’\u0131 da ele ge\u00e7irmi\u015fti. Ancak B\u00f6g\u00fc Kagan hakk\u0131nda destanda ge\u00e7en bu anlat\u0131mlar ger\u00e7ek tarih olaylar\u0131na uygun ifadeler de\u011fildir. B\u00fcy\u00fck olas\u0131l\u0131kla, bu efsaneyi yazan\/s\u00f6yleyen Uygurlar’\u0131n elinde Oguz Destan\u0131 ya da Oguz Destan\u0131’na benzer bir destan vard\u0131 (zaten Oguz Destan\u0131’n\u0131n islam \u00f6ncesine ait versiyonu Uygurlar aras\u0131nda s\u00f6ylenmekte olup yaz\u0131l\u0131 n\u00fcshas\u0131 Uygurlar’dan g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcze intikal etmi\u015ftir). Uygur T\u00fcrkleri, Mani dinini kabul edip yayan B\u00f6g\u00fc Kagan’\u0131, bu eski destana yerle\u015ftirmi\u015f ve G\u00f6\u00e7 Destan\u0131’n\u0131 yaratm\u0131\u015flard\u0131r. G\u00f6\u00e7 Destan\u0131’na g\u00f6re, Balasagun (=Kuz-Bal\u0131g) kentini kuran da B\u00f6g\u00fc Kagan’d\u0131r. Ancak, tarih\u00ee kaynaklara g\u00f6re Uygur Devleti’nin egemenli\u011finin Is\u0131g-G\u00f6l’\u00fcn bat\u0131s\u0131na ge\u00e7medi\u011fi de bir ger\u00e7ektir.<\/span><\/p>\n

Re\u015fideddin’in Oguzname’sinde (Fars\u00e7a Oguz destan\u0131) T\u00fcrk boylar\u0131n\u0131n nas\u0131l t\u00fcredi\u011fi anlat\u0131l\u0131rken, K\u0131p\u00e7ak T\u00fcrkleri’nin t\u00fcreyi\u015finin bir a\u011fa\u00e7 arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131yla ger\u00e7ekle\u015fti\u011fi hikaye edilir. Oguzname, K\u0131p\u00e7ak T\u00fcrkleri’nin ortaya \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131 \u015f\u00f6yle anlat\u0131r:<\/span><\/p>\n

Oguz’un \u00e7erilerinden birinin kar\u0131s\u0131 gebe kalm\u0131\u015f, kocas\u0131 da sava\u015fta \u00f6lm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc. Bu sava\u015f yerinde kad\u0131nlar\u0131n do\u011fum yapmas\u0131 yasaklanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Yak\u0131nlarda i\u00e7i oyulmu\u015f bir a\u011fa\u00e7 vard\u0131. Kad\u0131n o a\u011faca gidip \u00e7ocu\u011funu do\u011furdu. \u00c7ocu\u011fu Oguz’un yan\u0131na getirdiler, durumu ona anlatt\u0131lar. Oguz, \u00e7ocu\u011fun ad\u0131n\u0131 K\u0131p\u00e7ak koydu. K\u0131p\u00e7ak, kabuk s\u00f6zc\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnden \u00e7\u0131km\u0131\u015ft\u0131r; T\u00fcrk dilinde i\u00e7i \u00e7\u00fcr\u00fcm\u00fc\u015f ve oyulmu\u015f a\u011faca derler. T\u00fcrkler’in d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncesine g\u00f6re K\u0131p\u00e7ak boylar\u0131 bunun neslinden olmu\u015flard\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n

J.P.Roux’a g\u00f6re, Re\u015fideddin’in nakletti\u011fi Oguz Kagan Destan\u0131’ndaki (Oguzname) a\u011fa\u00e7 kovu\u011funda do\u011fum yapan bu kad\u0131n\u0131n \u00e7ocu\u011funa Oguz Kagan taraf\u0131ndan K\u0131p\u00e7ak ad\u0131n\u0131n verilmesi, B\u00f6g\u00fc Kagan Efsanesi’nin yani G\u00f6\u00e7 Destan\u0131’n\u0131n sonraki bir varyant\u0131d\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n

G\u00f6\u00e7 Destan\u0131’nda, Oguz Kagan Destan\u0131’n\u0131n yap\u0131s\u0131 ve ya\u015fam anlay\u0131\u015f\u0131 B\u00f6g\u00fc Kagan’\u0131n ki\u015fili\u011finde ya\u015fat\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Ger\u00e7ek tarihte Orta Asya’n\u0131n d\u0131\u015f\u0131na \u00e7\u0131kmam\u0131\u015f olan Uygur kaganlar\u0131, G\u00f6\u00e7 Destan\u0131’nda bir d\u00fcnya egemeni olarak g\u00f6r\u00fclmektedir. B\u00f6g\u00fc Kagan, Oguz Kagan gibi, b\u00fct\u00fcn seferlerinden zaferle d\u00f6ner. Oguz Kagan’\u0131n ilahi \u0131\u015f\u0131klar i\u00e7inde bulup evlendi\u011fi k\u0131za kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k B\u00f6g\u00fc Kagan’a yedi y\u0131l gelen ve birlikte Kutlu Da\u011f’a gittikleri ilahi k\u0131z ayn\u0131 kaynaktan gelmekte olup Bozk\u0131r inan\u00e7lar\u0131na g\u00f6re k\u0131z bi\u00e7imini alm\u0131\u015f yard\u0131mc\u0131 bir ruhtur. Oguz Kagan Destan\u0131’ndaki Oguz Kagan’\u0131n veziri Ulu\u011f T\u00fcrk’\u00fcn d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcne kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k, benzer bi\u00e7imde B\u00f6g\u00fc Kagan ile veziri de bir d\u00fc\u015f g\u00f6r\u00fcrler ve bu iki d\u00fc\u015f de ad\u0131 ge\u00e7en kaganlar\u0131n devletlerinin gelece\u011fini etkiler.<\/span><\/p>\n

Yukar\u0131da say\u0131lan bu benzerliklerin sonucu olarak G\u00f6\u00e7 Destan\u0131’n\u0131n kurulu\u015funda Oguz Kagan Destan\u0131’n\u0131n etkisi oldu\u011funu rahatl\u0131kla s\u00f6yleyebiliriz. Destanda Asya’ya hatta d\u00fcnyaya egemen olan bir devlet portresinin \u00e7izilmesi, Oguz Kagan ve Alp Er Tonga (Afrasyab) destanlar\u0131ndaki gelene\u011fin ve T\u00fcrkler’in ya\u015fam anlay\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131n G\u00f6\u00e7 Destan\u0131’na i\u015flenmi\u015f olmas\u0131ndan ileri gelmektedir. Fakat G\u00f6\u00e7 Destan\u0131 ile Oguz Kagan Destan\u0131 aras\u0131ndaki bu benzerliklere kar\u015f\u0131n G\u00f6\u00e7 Destan\u0131, Oguz Kagan Destan\u0131 kadar g\u00f6rkemli bir destan de\u011fildir.<\/span><\/p>\n

A\u015fa\u011f\u0131da G\u00f6\u00e7 Destan\u0131’n\u0131n iki ayr\u0131 s\u00f6yleyi\u015f bi\u00e7imine de yer verilmi\u015ftir. \u00d6nce \u00c7in kaynaklar\u0131na g\u00f6re, daha sonra da \u0130ran kaynaklar\u0131na g\u00f6re olan G\u00f6\u00e7 Destan\u0131’n\u0131 bulacaks\u0131n\u0131z.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00c7in Kaynaklar\u0131na G\u00f6re G\u00f6\u00e7 Destan\u0131<\/span> <\/span>
\nUygur \u00fclkesinde, Togla ve Selenge \u0131rmaklar\u0131n\u0131n birle\u015fti\u011fi yerde Kumlan\u00e7u denilen bir tepe vard\u0131r. Bu tepenin ad\u0131na Hulin da\u011f\u0131 denirdi. Hulin da\u011f\u0131nda birbirine \u00e7ok yak\u0131n iki a\u011fa\u00e7 b\u00fcy\u00fcm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc. Bu a\u011fa\u00e7lardan biri kay\u0131n a\u011fac\u0131 idi. Bir gece, kay\u0131n a\u011fac\u0131n\u0131n \u00fczerine g\u00f6kten bir mavi \u0131\u015f\u0131k d\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc. \u0130ki \u0131rmak aras\u0131nda ya\u015fayan ki\u015filer bu \u0131\u015f\u0131\u011f\u0131 g\u00f6rd\u00fcler, \u00fcrpererek izlediler. Kutsal bir \u0131\u015f\u0131kt\u0131 bu; kay\u0131n a\u011fac\u0131n\u0131n \u00fczerinde aylar boyu kald\u0131. Kutsal \u0131\u015f\u0131\u011f\u0131n kay\u0131n a\u011fac\u0131n\u0131n \u00fczerinde kald\u0131\u011f\u0131 s\u00fcre i\u00e7inde a\u011fac\u0131n g\u00f6vdesi b\u00fcy\u00fcd\u00fck\u00e7e b\u00fcy\u00fcd\u00fc, kabard\u0131. A\u011fa\u00e7tan, \u00e7ok g\u00fczel t\u00fcrk\u00fcler gelme\u011fe ba\u015flad\u0131. Gece oldu mu, a\u011fac\u0131n otuz ad\u0131m \u00f6tesine de\u011fin b\u00fct\u00fcn \u00e7evre \u0131\u015f\u0131klar i\u00e7inde kal\u0131yordu.<\/span><\/p>\n

Bir g\u00fcn, a\u011fac\u0131n g\u00f6vdesi birdenbire yar\u0131l\u0131verdi. \u0130\u00e7inden be\u015f k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck odac\u0131k g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcnde be\u015f k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck \u00e7ad\u0131r \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131. Her odac\u0131\u011f\u0131n i\u00e7inde bir \u00e7ocuk vard\u0131. \u00c7ocuklar\u0131n a\u011f\u0131zlar\u0131n\u0131n \u00fczerinde as\u0131l\u0131 birer emzik vard\u0131; onlar bu emziklerden s\u00fct emiyorlard\u0131. I\u015f\u0131ktan do\u011fmu\u015f olan bu kutsal \u00e7ocuklara halk ve halk\u0131n ileri gelenleri \u00e7ok b\u00fcy\u00fck sayg\u0131 g\u00f6sterdiler.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00c7ocuklar\u0131n en b\u00fcy\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fcn ad\u0131 Sungur Tigin, ondan sonrakinin Kotur Tigin, \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fcs\u00fcn\u00fcn T\u00fckel Tigin, d\u00f6rd\u00fcnc\u00fcs\u00fcn\u00fcn Or Tigin, be\u015finci ve en k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fcn ad\u0131 da B\u00f6g\u00fc Tigin idi. \u0130nsanlar, bu be\u015f \u00e7ocu\u011fu Tanr\u0131’n\u0131n g\u00f6nderdi\u011fine inand\u0131lar. \u0130\u00e7lerinden birini kagan yapmak istediler. B\u00f6g\u00fc Tigin \u00f6tekilerden daha g\u00fczel, daha yi\u011fit, daha ak\u0131ll\u0131 idi. Halk, B\u00f6g\u00fc Tigin’in hepsinden \u00fcst\u00fcn oldu\u011funu anlad\u0131, onu kagan se\u00e7ti. B\u00f6g\u00fc Han, b\u00fcy\u00fck bir t\u00f6renle tahta \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131. Kendisinden sonra gelen otuzdan fazla soyu da Uygurlar’\u0131n ba\u015f\u0131nda kald\u0131.<\/span><\/p>\n

Y\u0131llar y\u0131llar\u0131 kovalad\u0131. Bir g\u00fcn geldi, Yolun Tigin Uygurlar’a kagan oldu. Yolun Kagan’\u0131n Kal\u0131 Tigin ad\u0131nda bir o\u011flu vard\u0131. Yolun Kagan, o\u011flu Kal\u0131 Tigin’e \u00e7in kon\u00e7uylar\u0131ndan (=prenseslerinden) Kiu-Lien’i e\u015f olarak almay\u0131 uygun g\u00f6rd\u00fc. Kal\u0131 Tigin ile Kiu-Lien evlendiler.<\/span><\/p>\n

Evlilikten sonra Kiu-Lien, saray\u0131n\u0131 Kara-Kurum’daki Hatun Da\u011f\u0131’nda kurdu. Hatun Da\u011f\u0131’na “G\u00f6k Ruhlar\u0131n\u0131n Da\u011f\u0131” ad\u0131 da verilirdi. Hatun Da\u011f\u0131’n\u0131n \u00e7evresinde daha bir \u00e7ok da\u011f vard\u0131. Bu da\u011flardan biri Tanr\u0131 Da\u011f\u0131 idi. Tanr\u0131 Da\u011f\u0131’n\u0131n g\u00fcneyinde de Kutlu Da\u011f bulunmaktayd\u0131. Kutlu Da\u011f, koca bir kaya par\u00e7as\u0131 idi.<\/span><\/p>\n

G\u00fcnlerden bir g\u00fcn \u00c7in el\u00e7ileri, yanlar\u0131nda falc\u0131larla birlikte Kiu-Lien’in saray\u0131na geldiler. \u00c7in el\u00e7ileri ile falc\u0131lar aralar\u0131nda konu\u015fup \u015f\u00f6yle dediler.<\/span><\/p>\n

“T\u00fcrk \u00fclkesinin t\u00fcm varl\u0131\u011f\u0131, b\u00fct\u00fcn mutlulu\u011fu Kutlu Da\u011f denilen bu kaya par\u00e7as\u0131na ba\u011fl\u0131d\u0131r. T\u00fcrkler’i y\u0131kmak istiyorsak bu kayay\u0131 ellerinden almal\u0131y\u0131z.”<\/span><\/p>\n

El\u00e7iler aralar\u0131nda b\u00f6yle konu\u015fup anla\u015ft\u0131ktan sonra Kal\u0131 Kagan’a gittiler. Ona dediler ki:<\/span><\/p>\n

“Siz bizim bir kon\u00e7uyumuzla evlendiniz. Bizim de sizden bir dile\u011fimiz olacak. Kutlu Da\u011f’\u0131n ta\u015flar\u0131 sizin sayg\u0131de\u011fer \u00fclkenizce kullan\u0131lmamaktad\u0131r. Sizin yerinize biz bu ta\u015flar\u0131 de\u011ferlendirelim.”<\/span><\/p>\n

Yeni kagan, bu iste\u011fi yerine getirdi\u011finde sonucun nereye varaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnemedi; \u00c7inliler’in iste\u011fini kabul etti. B\u00f6ylece yurdun bir par\u00e7as\u0131 olan kayay\u0131 onlara verdi. Oysa Kutlu Da\u011f kutsal bir kaya idi. T\u00fcrk \u00fclkesinin mutlulu\u011fu bu kayaya ba\u011fl\u0131yd\u0131; kutsal ta\u015f T\u00fcrk yurdunun b\u00f6l\u00fcnmez b\u00fct\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc temsil ediyordu. T\u0131ls\u0131ml\u0131 kaya d\u00fc\u015fmana verilirse bu b\u00fct\u00fcnl\u00fck par\u00e7alanacak, T\u00fcrkler’in t\u00fcm mutlulu\u011fu yok olacakt\u0131. Kagan bu kutsal kayay\u0131 \u00c7inliler’e verdi. Ama kaya, kolay kolay s\u00f6k\u00fcl\u00fcp g\u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fclecek gibi de\u011fildi. Bunu g\u00f6ren \u00c7inliler kayan\u0131n \u00e7evresine odun k\u00f6m\u00fcr y\u0131\u011fd\u0131lar, kayay\u0131 ate\u015fe vurdular. Kaya iyice k\u0131z\u0131nca \u00fcst\u00fcne sirke d\u00f6k\u00fcp parampar\u00e7a ettiler. Her bir par\u00e7ay\u0131 ald\u0131lar, \u00fclkelerine g\u00f6t\u00fcrd\u00fcler.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0130\u015fte, ne olduysa o zaman oldu. T\u00fcrkeli’nin b\u00fct\u00fcn kurdu ku\u015fu, b\u00fct\u00fcn hayvan\u0131 dile geldi; kendi dillerince kayan\u0131n d\u00fc\u015fmana verilmesine duyduklar\u0131 ac\u0131y\u0131 anlatt\u0131lar, a\u011flad\u0131lar. Yedi g\u00fcn sonra g\u00fcnah\u0131 ba\u011f\u0131\u015flanmaz d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncesiz kagan \u00f6ld\u00fc. Ne var ki, kagan\u0131n \u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcyle de \u00fclke felaketten kurtulamad\u0131. Bir \u00c7in kon\u00e7uyu (=prensesi) u\u011fruna \u00e7ekinilmeden ba\u011f\u0131\u015flanan yurdun kayas\u0131, T\u00fcrkeli’nin felaketine neden oldu. Halk rahat y\u00fcz\u00fc g\u00f6rmedi. Irmaklar birbiri ard\u0131nca kurudu. G\u00f6llerin suyu bu\u011fula\u015ft\u0131, u\u00e7up gitti. Topraklar kurudu, \u00fcr\u00fcn vermez oldu. Yolun Kagan’dan sonra ba\u015fa ge\u00e7en kaganlar da arka arkaya \u00f6ld\u00fcler.<\/span><\/p>\n

G\u00fcnlerden sonra T\u00fcrk taht\u0131na B\u00f6g\u00fc Kagan’\u0131n torunlar\u0131ndan biri oturdu. O zaman yurtta canl\u0131-cans\u0131z, evcil-yaban, \u00e7oluk-\u00e7ocuk, soluk alan-almayan her ne varsa bir a\u011f\u0131zdan “G\u00f6\u00e7!… G\u00f6\u00e7!…” diye \u00e7\u0131\u011fr\u0131\u015fma\u011fa ba\u015flad\u0131lar. Derinden, iniltili, h\u00fcz\u00fcn dolu, eli b\u00f6\u011fr\u00fcnde kalm\u0131\u015f bir \u00e7\u0131\u011fr\u0131\u015fmayd\u0131 bu. \u0130nlemelere y\u00fcrek dayanm\u0131yordu.<\/span><\/p>\n

Uygurlar bu \u00e7\u0131\u011fr\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 bir ilah\u00ee buyruk bildiler. Toparland\u0131lar, yola koyuldular. Yurtlar\u0131n\u0131, yuvalar\u0131n\u0131 b\u0131rak\u0131p bilinmedik \u00fclkelere g\u00f6\u00e7 ettiler.<\/span><\/p>\n

Sonunda ad\u0131na Turfan denilen bir yere geldiler. Burada sesler kesildi. Uygurlar bu yere kondular, be\u015f kent kurup yerle\u015ftiler. Ad\u0131n\u0131 da Be\u015f-Bal\u0131g koydular. Burada ya\u015fay\u0131p \u00e7o\u011fald\u0131lar.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0130ran Kaynaklar\u0131na G\u00f6re G\u00f6\u00e7 Destan\u0131 <\/span><\/span>
\nUygur \u00fclkesinde Kara-Kurum \u00e7aylar\u0131ndan iki \u0131rmak vard\u0131r. Bunlardan birine Togla, birine de Selenge ad\u0131 verilirdi. Bu sular akarak Kamlan\u00e7u’da birle\u015firlerdi. Bu iki \u0131rma\u011f\u0131n aras\u0131nda iki a\u011fa\u00e7 vard\u0131. Bu a\u011fa\u00e7lar\u0131n biri fusuk, biri tur a\u011fac\u0131 idi. Bunlar\u0131n yapraklar\u0131, yaz ya da k\u0131\u015f olsun, d\u00f6k\u00fclmezdi. Bu iki a\u011fa\u00e7, iki da\u011f\u0131n aras\u0131nda yeti\u015fip b\u00fcy\u00fcm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc.<\/span><\/p>\n

Bir g\u00fcn bu iki a\u011fac\u0131n aras\u0131na g\u00f6kten bir \u0131\u015f\u0131k indi. \u0130ki yandaki da\u011flar yava\u015f yava\u015f b\u00fcy\u00fcme\u011fe ba\u015flad\u0131. Halk \u015fa\u015f\u0131rm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. \u0130\u00e7lerinde b\u00fcy\u00fck bir sayg\u0131 duyarak oraya yakla\u015ft\u0131lar. A\u011fa\u00e7lar\u0131n yan\u0131na vard\u0131klar\u0131nda kulaklar\u0131na \u00e7ok tatl\u0131 ve g\u00fczel ezgiler gelme\u011fe ba\u015flad\u0131. Her gece buraya bir \u0131\u015f\u0131k inme\u011fe ve \u0131\u015f\u0131\u011f\u0131n \u00e7evresinde otuz kez \u015fim\u015fek \u00e7akma\u011fa ba\u015flad\u0131. Bir g\u00fcn insanlar burada ayr\u0131 ayr\u0131 kurulmu\u015f be\u015f \u00e7ad\u0131r g\u00f6rd\u00fcler. \u00c7ad\u0131rlar\u0131n her birinde bir \u00e7ocuk oturuyordu. Her \u00e7ocu\u011fun kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda da onlar\u0131 doyurma\u011fa yetecek denli s\u00fct dolu emzikler as\u0131l\u0131 idi. \u00c7ad\u0131r\u0131n taban\u0131 ba\u015ftan aya\u011fa g\u00fcm\u00fc\u015f ile d\u00f6\u015fenmi\u015fti.<\/span><\/p>\n

B\u00fct\u00fcn boylar\u0131n be\u011fleri ve halk\u0131 bu garip i\u015fi g\u00f6rmek i\u00e7in kalk\u0131p geldiler. Manzaray\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fcnce sayg\u0131 ile diz \u00e7\u00f6kt\u00fcler, selam verdiler. \u00c7ad\u0131rlara girdiler, \u00e7ocuklar\u0131 al\u0131p d\u0131\u015far\u0131 \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131lar. Beslenip b\u00fcy\u00fct\u00fclmeleri i\u00e7in \u00e7ocuklar\u0131 s\u00fct analar\u0131na, dad\u0131lara verdiler. \u00c7ocuklar b\u00fcy\u00fcy\u00fcp konu\u015fma\u011fa ba\u015flay\u0131nca Uygurlar’a ana babalar\u0131n\u0131 sordular. Uygurlar, o iki a\u011fac\u0131 g\u00f6sterdiler. \u00c7ocuklar a\u011fa\u00e7lar\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fcnce, bir \u00e7ocu\u011fun babas\u0131na g\u00f6sterdi\u011fi sayg\u0131y\u0131 g\u00f6sterdiler; a\u011fa\u00e7lar\u0131n kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda diz \u00e7\u00f6kt\u00fcler, yeri \u00f6pt\u00fcler. Bunun \u00fczerine a\u011fa\u00e7lar dile geldi ve \u015f\u00f6yle dedi:<\/span><\/p>\n

“G\u00fczel huy ve iyi \u00f6zelliklerle bezenmi\u015f \u00e7ocuklar b\u00f6yle olurlar, ana babalar\u0131na sayg\u0131 g\u00f6sterirler. \u00d6mr\u00fcn\u00fcz uzun, ad\u0131n\u0131z b\u00fcy\u00fck, \u00fcn\u00fcn\u00fcz s\u00fcrekli olsun.”<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00c7evrede ya\u015fayan b\u00fct\u00fcn kavimler bu \u00e7ocuklara h\u00fck\u00fcmdar o\u011fullar\u0131ym\u0131\u015f gibi sayg\u0131 g\u00f6sterdiler. Kente d\u00f6n\u00fcnce, \u00e7ocuklar\u0131n her birine bir ad koydular. En b\u00fcy\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fcn ad\u0131 Sungur Tigin, ikincisinin ad\u0131 Kotur Tigin, \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fcs\u00fcn\u00fcn ad\u0131 T\u00fckel Tigin, d\u00f6rd\u00fcnc\u00fcs\u00fcn\u00fcn ad\u0131 Or Tigin, be\u015fincisinin ad\u0131 da B\u00f6g\u00fc Tigin oldu. \u00c7ocuklar\u0131n do\u011fu\u015fundaki kutsal durumu g\u00f6renler, bunlardan birinin kagan se\u00e7ilmesi karar\u0131na vard\u0131lar.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00c7ocuklar aras\u0131nda B\u00f6g\u00fc Tigin g\u00fczelli\u011fi, boyu posu, sabr\u0131, iradesi, ileri g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fl\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc bak\u0131m\u0131ndan \u00f6b\u00fcrlerinden \u00f6nde idi. Ayr\u0131ca, b\u00fct\u00fcn milletlerin dillerini, yaz\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131 biliyordu. Herkes onun kagan se\u00e7ilmesi karar\u0131nda birle\u015fti. B\u00f6g\u00fc Kagan, b\u00fcy\u00fck bir t\u00f6renle tahta oturdu. B\u00f6g\u00fc Kagan, \u00fclkeyi adaletle y\u00f6netme\u011fe ba\u015flad\u0131; adamlar\u0131, m\u00e2iyeti, \u00e7erileri (=askerleri), atlar\u0131 gittik\u00e7e \u00e7o\u011falma\u011fa ba\u015flad\u0131. Egemenlik s\u00fcresi i\u00e7inde B\u00f6g\u00fc Kagan’a \u00fc\u00e7 karga yard\u0131m etti. Bu kargalar d\u00fcnyan\u0131n b\u00fct\u00fcn dillerini bilmekteydiler. Nerede bir olay olursa B\u00f6g\u00fc Kagan’a bildirirlerdi.<\/span><\/p>\n

Bir gece B\u00f6g\u00fc Kagan uyurken, penceresinin \u00f6n\u00fcnde bir k\u0131z hayali belirdi, onu uyand\u0131rd\u0131. B\u00f6g\u00fc Kagan \u00fcrkt\u00fc, k\u0131z\u0131 g\u00f6rmemi\u015f gibi davrand\u0131, kendisini uykuda imi\u015f gibi g\u00f6sterdi. \u0130kinci gece k\u0131z yine geldi. B\u00f6g\u00fc Kagan, yine g\u00f6rm\u00fcyormu\u015f gibi yapt\u0131, kendisini uykuda g\u00f6sterdi. Sabah oldu. Kagan, vezirine dan\u0131\u015ft\u0131. \u00dc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc gece k\u0131z yine geldi. B\u00f6g\u00fc Kagan, vezirinin \u00f6\u011f\u00fcd\u00fcne uyarak k\u0131z\u0131 al\u0131p Ak-Da\u011f’a gitti. B\u00f6g\u00fc Kagan ile k\u0131z bu da\u011fda g\u00fcn do\u011fana de\u011fin konu\u015ftular. Yedi y\u0131l, alt\u0131 ay, yirmi iki g\u00fcn her gece k\u0131z, B\u00f6g\u00fc Kagan’a geldi; her gece konu\u015ftular. Ayr\u0131lacaklar\u0131 gece k\u0131z, B\u00f6g\u00fc Kagan’a \u015f\u00f6yle dedi:<\/span><\/p>\n

“Do\u011fudan bat\u0131ya de\u011fin t\u00fcm d\u00fcnya senin buyru\u011fun alt\u0131na girecektir. \u0130\u015flerini s\u0131k\u0131 tut, iyi \u00e7al\u0131\u015f.” <\/span><\/p>\n

Ertesi g\u00fcn B\u00f6g\u00fc Kagan ordular\u0131n\u0131 toplad\u0131. 300.000 \u00e7erisini Sungur Tigin’in komutas\u0131na verdi; onu Mogol \u00fclkelerine ak\u0131na g\u00f6nderdi. 100.000 \u00e7erisini Kotur Tigin’in komutas\u0131na verdi; onu Tankut \u00fclkesine g\u00f6nderdi. T\u00fckel Tigin’i Tibet y\u00f6n\u00fcne g\u00f6nderdi. Kendisi de 300.000 \u00e7erisi ile H\u0131tay’a (=\u00c7in’e) y\u00f6neldi. Or Tigin’i ise kendi yerinde kagan vekili olarak b\u0131rakt\u0131. B\u00f6g\u00fc Kagan’\u0131n ordular\u0131n\u0131n hepsi zaferlerle geri d\u00f6nd\u00fcler. Getirdikleri mallar, paralar, ganimetler say\u0131lamayacak kadar \u00e7oktu. B\u00f6g\u00fc Kagan, Orkun Irma\u011f\u0131’n\u0131n k\u0131y\u0131s\u0131nda Ordu-Bal\u0131g ad\u0131nda bir kent kurdurdu; Ordu-Bal\u0131g’\u0131 kendine ba\u015fkent yapt\u0131. Do\u011fudaki b\u00fct\u00fcn \u00fclkeler B\u00f6g\u00fc Kagan’\u0131n buyru\u011fu alt\u0131na girdi.<\/span><\/p>\n

B\u00f6g\u00fc Kagan bir gece bir d\u00fc\u015f g\u00f6rd\u00fc. D\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnde ak giysilere b\u00fcr\u00fcnm\u00fc\u015f, ba\u015f\u0131nda ak bir \u015ferit, elinde de \u00e7am kozala\u011f\u0131 b\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnde Yada ta\u015f\u0131 olan bir ya\u015fl\u0131 ki\u015fi vard\u0131. Ya\u015fl\u0131 ki\u015fi B\u00f6g\u00fc Kagan’a yakla\u015ft\u0131, Yada ta\u015f\u0131n\u0131 B\u00f6g\u00fc Kagan’a verdi ve \u015f\u00f6yle dedi:<\/span><\/p>\n

“Bu ta\u015f\u0131 saklarsan d\u00fcnyan\u0131n d\u00f6rt buca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 milletinin buyru\u011fu alt\u0131na al\u0131rs\u0131n.”<\/span><\/p>\n

O gece B\u00f6g\u00fc Kagan’\u0131n ba\u015fveziri de ayn\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fc g\u00f6rm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc. B\u00f6g\u00fc Kagan uyan\u0131r uyanmaz ordular\u0131n\u0131 toplad\u0131. Bat\u0131 y\u00f6n\u00fcne sefere \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131. Gide gide T\u00fcrkistan’a vard\u0131. Burada \u00e7ay\u0131r \u00e7imenle d\u00f6\u015fenmi\u015f, g\u00fcr\u00fcl g\u00fcr\u00fcl akan sular\u0131 olan bir yere rastlad\u0131. Burada oturma\u011fa karar verdi. Balasagun kentini kurdu. B\u00f6g\u00fc Kagan’\u0131n ordular\u0131 d\u00f6rt bir yana yay\u0131ld\u0131lar, b\u00fct\u00fcn milletleri egemenlik alt\u0131na ald\u0131lar. Yery\u00fcz\u00fcnde T\u00fcrkler’in kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda duracak kimse kalmad\u0131.T\u00fcrk ordular\u0131 o denli ilerlemi\u015flerdi ki acayip bi\u00e7imli insanlara rastlad\u0131lar. Bunlar\u0131n elleri, ayaklar\u0131 t\u0131pk\u0131 hayvanlar\u0131nkine benziyordu. Bu yarat\u0131klar\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fcnce art\u0131k bundan sonra insanlar\u0131n bulunmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 anlad\u0131lar, geri d\u00f6nd\u00fcler.<\/span><\/p>\n

Daha sonra Uygurlar’\u0131n buyru\u011funa giren h\u00fck\u00fcmdarlar birer birer geldiler, B\u00f6g\u00fc Kagan’a ba\u011fl\u0131l\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 ve sayg\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131 sundular.Bunlar aras\u0131nda Hint h\u00fck\u00fcmdar\u0131 \u00e7ok \u00e7irkindi. Bunun i\u00e7in B\u00f6g\u00fc Kagan, bu h\u00fck\u00fcmdar\u0131 kat\u0131na kabul etmedi. B\u00f6g\u00fc Kagan yap\u0131lan t\u00f6renden sonra h\u00fck\u00fcmdarlara, kendi \u00fclkelerine d\u00f6nmelerini ve kendi b\u00f6lgelerini y\u00f6netmelerini buyurdu. Bu h\u00fck\u00fcmdarlar\u0131n B\u00f6g\u00fc Kagan’a ne kadar vergi verecekleri de ayr\u0131ca bir toplant\u0131 ile karar alt\u0131na al\u0131nd\u0131. Art\u0131k yery\u00fcz\u00fc zapt edilmi\u015f, B\u00f6g\u00fc Kagan’\u0131n kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda duracak kimse kalmam\u0131\u015ft\u0131. B\u00f6g\u00fc Kagan geri d\u00f6nme\u011fe karar verdi, yurduna geldi.<\/span><\/p>\n

O \u00e7a\u011fda Uygurlar’\u0131n din adamlar\u0131na “kam” denilirdi. Kamlar cinlere h\u00fckmederler, onlara istediklerini yapt\u0131r\u0131rlard\u0131. T\u00fcrkler ile Mogollar kamlara \u00e7ok \u00f6nem verirlerdi. Bir i\u015fe ba\u015flamak i\u00e7in kamlara dan\u0131\u015f\u0131rlar, ona g\u00f6re davran\u0131rlard\u0131. Hastalar\u0131na da kamlar bakard\u0131. Kamlar\u0131n en g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc olduklar\u0131 zaman, iyi ve k\u00f6t\u00fc ruhlarla ba\u011f kurduklar\u0131, onlarla konu\u015ftuklar\u0131 g\u00fcnlerdi.<\/span><\/p>\n

B\u00f6g\u00fc Kagan \u00e7a\u011f\u0131nda Uygurlar \u00c7in kagan\u0131na el\u00e7iler g\u00f6nderdiler, kendilerine Nom kitaplar\u0131ndan anlayan ve adlar\u0131na T\u00fcvinyan denilen din adamlar\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6ndermesini istediler. Nom, \u00c7inliler’in din kitaplar\u0131n\u0131n ad\u0131yd\u0131. \u00c7inliler, bug\u00fcn ya\u015fayan bir adam\u0131n bin y\u0131l \u00f6nce de ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131na inan\u0131rlard\u0131.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00c7in \u00fclkesinden Nom y\u00f6ntemlerini bilen ki\u015filer geldiler. Bunlar kamlarla oturup konu\u015ftular, kendi din kitaplar\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6sterdiler, onlarla tart\u0131\u015ft\u0131lar. Kamlar tart\u0131\u015fmay\u0131 yitirdi. Bu tart\u0131\u015fmadan sonra Uygurlar \u00c7in’den gelen yeni dini kabul ettiler (bu din Maniheizm’dir)<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

G\u00f6\u00e7 Destan\u0131 – T\u00fcrk Destanlari Bug\u00fcn Orkun \u0131rma\u011f\u0131n\u0131n k\u0131y\u0131s\u0131nda bir kent kal\u0131nt\u0131s\u0131 ile bir saray y\u0131k\u0131nt\u0131s\u0131 vard\u0131r ki \u00e7ok eskiden bu kente Ordu-Bal\u0131g denildi\u011fi san\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. G\u00f6\u00e7 Destan\u0131, bu kentteki saray y\u0131k\u0131nt\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6n\u00fcnde bulunan an\u0131tlardan birinde yaz\u0131l\u0131d\u0131r. Bu yaz\u0131tlar, H\u00fcseyin Nam\u0131k Orkun’a g\u00f6re, Mogol han\u0131 \u00d6gedey d\u00f6neminde \u00c7in’den getirilen uzmanlara okutturulup terc\u00fcme ettirilmi\u015ftir. G\u00f6\u00e7 Destan\u0131’n\u0131n \u00c7in … Devam\u0131n\u0131 oku…<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[7],"tags":[2396,310,12960,311],"class_list":["post-38421","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-dn","tag-destan","tag-destanlar","tag-goc-destani","tag-sozlu-destanlar"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/38421","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=38421"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/38421\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=38421"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=38421"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=38421"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}