{"id":38202,"date":"2012-11-21T20:18:19","date_gmt":"2012-11-21T18:18:19","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/?p=38202"},"modified":"2018-10-20T13:23:23","modified_gmt":"2018-10-20T10:23:23","slug":"osmanli-devleti-kurulus-donemi-padisahlari","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/osmanli-devleti-kurulus-donemi-padisahlari.html","title":{"rendered":"Osmanl\u0131 Devleti Kurulu\u015f D\u00f6nemi Padi\u015fahlar\u0131"},"content":{"rendered":"

Kurulu\u015f D\u00f6nemi(1299-1453)<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Padi\u015fahlar<\/span>
\n1-Osman Bey
\n2-Orhan Bey
\n3-I.Murat
\n4-I.Beyaz\u0131t(Y\u0131ld\u0131r\u0131m)
\nFetret Devri->H\u00fck\u00fcmdars\u0131z ge\u00e7en d\u00f6nemdir. Ba\u015flama nedeni Ankara sava\u015f\u0131.
\n5-I.Mehmet(\u00c7elebi)
\n6-II.Murat<\/p>\n

Osman Bey D\u00f6nemi<\/span><\/span>
\n-Babas\u0131 Ertu\u011frul Gazi’nin \u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcyle 1281’de ba\u015fa ge\u00e7iyor.1299’da beyli\u011fin ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ilan ediyor.
\n-Tekfurlardan, Bilecik,\u0130neg\u00f6l,Yarhisar,Yundhisar,Karacahisar al\u0131n\u0131yor.
\n-1302 Koyunhisar sava\u015f\u0131:T\u00fcrklere \u0130zmit yolu a\u00e7\u0131l\u0131yor ve Bursa 3 taraftan ku\u015fat\u0131l\u0131yor.
\nNot:<\/span>: Koyunhisar sava\u015f\u0131 \u0130lk Osmanl\u0131-Bizans sava\u015f\u0131d\u0131r.
\n-\u015eeyh Edebali’nin k\u0131z\u0131 Bala Hatun ile evlenerek ahilerin deste\u011fini arkas\u0131na al\u0131yor.<\/p>\n

Orhan Bey D\u00f6nemi<\/span><\/span>
\n-1326 Bursa fethediliyor.
\nNot:<\/span>:Ba\u015fkent Bilecik’ten , Bursa’ya al\u0131n\u0131yor.
\nNot:<\/span>:Bursa’n\u0131n al\u0131nmas\u0131 Osmanl\u0131 i\u00e7in hem siyasi hemde ekonomik bir kazan\u00e7 olmu\u015ftur.
\n-1329 Maltepe(Palekanon) Sava\u015f\u0131:\u0130znik ve \u0130zmit fethi kolayla\u015ft\u0131.
\n-1331 \u0130znik , 1337 \u0130zmit’in fethi
\nNot:<\/span>: \u0130znik , Askeri \u00fcs olarak kullan\u0131ld\u0131.
\nNot:<\/span>: Kocaeli yar\u0131madas\u0131n\u0131n fethi
\n-1345’te Karasio\u011fullar\u0131 Beyli\u011fi al\u0131n\u0131yor.
\nNot:<\/span>:\u0130lk defa Anadolu T\u00fcrk Siyasi birli\u011fi sa\u011flama \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 ba\u015fl\u0131yor.
\nNot:<\/span>:\u0130lk defa Denizcilik faaliyetleri ba\u015flad\u0131.
\nNot:<\/span>:Hac\u0131 \u0130lbeyi , Ece Halil , Evrenuz Bey gibi komutanlar osmanl\u0131 hizmetine girdi.<\/p>\n

Balkanlardaki Fetihler<\/span>
\n-Bizans’taki taht kavgalar\u0131n\u0131n etkisiyle Kantakuzen , Orhan Bey’den yard\u0131m istemi\u015f. Yap\u0131lan yard\u0131m kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131nda \u00c7impe Kalesi al\u0131nm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.
\n-Rumelide bu sayede Tekirda\u011f,Malkara,Ke\u015fan,\u00c7orlu,L\u00fcleburgaz al\u0131n\u0131yor.<\/p>\n

Orhan Bey D\u00f6nemi Te\u015fkilatlanma \u00c7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131<\/span>
\n-\u0130lk donanma kuruluyor.
\n-\u0130lk d\u00fczenli ordu (yaya ve m\u00fcsellem) kuruluyor.
\n-\u0130lk defa vezirlik(idari) ve kad\u0131l\u0131k kurumu olu\u015fturuluyor.
\n-\u0130lk medrese \u0130znik’te a\u00e7\u0131l\u0131yor.
\n-G\u00fcm\u00fc\u015f para bast\u0131r\u0131l\u0131yor.<\/p>\n

I.Murat (H\u00fcdavendigar) D\u00f6nemi<\/span><\/span>
\n-1363 Sazl\u0131dere sava\u015f\u0131:Edirne fethedildi.
\nNot:<\/span>:Balkanlarda yap\u0131lacak fetihlerde askeri \u00fcs vazifesi g\u00f6r\u00fcyor.
\nNot:<\/span>:Bursa’dan sora ba\u015fkent Edirne’ye ta\u015f\u0131nd\u0131.
\n-1364 S\u0131rps\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131 Sava\u015f\u0131(Osmanl\u0131xHa\u00e7l\u0131)
\nNot:<\/span>:\u0130lk Osmanl\u0131-Ha\u00e7l\u0131 sava\u015f\u0131d\u0131r.
\nNot:<\/span>:Balkanlarda yap\u0131lacak fetihler h\u0131z kazan\u0131yor.
\n-1371 \u00c7irmen Sava\u015f\u0131(Osmanl\u0131xS\u0131rp)
\nNot:<\/span>:Makedonya yolu a\u00e7\u0131l\u0131r.
\n-1389 I.Kosova Sava\u015f\u0131(Osmanl\u0131xHa\u00e7l\u0131)
\nNot:<\/span>:Osmanl\u0131 , Tuna’ya kadar ola yerleri ele ge\u00e7iriyor.<\/p>\n

I.Murat D\u00f6nemi Te\u015fkilatlanma \u00c7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131<\/span>
\n-Veraset sistemini de\u011fi\u015ftirdi.
\n\u00dclke hanedan \u00fcyelerinin ortak mal\u0131d\u0131r. yerine
\n\u00dclke padi\u015fah ve \u00e7ocuklar\u0131n\u0131n ortak mal\u0131d\u0131r. geldi
\nama\u00e7: Taht kavgas\u0131n\u0131 azaltmakt\u0131r.
\n-Yeni\u00e7eri oca\u011f\u0131 kuruldu.
\nPen\u00e7ik:Sava\u015fta esir edilen askerlerin 5\/1 ‘inin osmanl\u0131 ordusunda kullan\u0131lmas\u0131d\u0131r.
\nNot:<\/span>:Bu sistemi kullan\u0131lmad\u0131 ordudaki asker say\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n yetersizli\u011finden kaynaklan\u0131r.
\nDev\u015firme:Gayrim\u00fcsl\u00fcm \u00e7ocuk ya\u015fta al\u0131narak belli bir e\u011fitimden ge\u00e7irilmesiyle olu\u015fan sistemdir.
\n-T\u0131mar Sistemi kuruldu
\nT\u0131mar Sistemi:Sava\u015fta ba\u015far\u0131 g\u00f6stermi\u015f komutanlara , ba\u015far\u0131l\u0131 devlet memurlar\u0131na maa\u015f kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131da veriln toprakt\u0131r.
\n-Rumeli beyler beyli\u011fi kuruldu
\n-Veziriazam(Vezirlerin en b\u00fcy\u00fc\u011f\u00fc.),Kazasker(Divandaki davalara bakar.),Defterdar(Maliye i\u015flerine bakar.)
\n-Top\u00e7u oca\u011f\u0131 kuruldu.<\/p>\n

I.Beyaz\u0131t(Y\u0131ld\u0131r\u0131m) D\u00f6nemi<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

-\u0130stanbulu ilk ku\u015fatan I.Beyaz\u0131tt\u0131r.
\nNot:<\/span>:Osmanl\u0131n\u0131n \u0130slam d\u00fcnyas\u0131nda ve beylikler aras\u0131ndaki \u00f6nemi art\u0131yor.
\n-Eflak Osmanl\u0131 egemenli\u011fini tan\u0131yor.
\n-Arnavutluk ve Karada\u011f Osmanl\u0131 egemenli\u011fini tan\u0131yor.
\n-\u0130stanbul Ku\u015fatmalar\u0131:
\n1391->Bizans s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131n\u0131 y\u0131kacak g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc toplar olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in ku\u015fatma kald\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.
\n1396->Ni\u011fbolu sava\u015f\u0131
\n1397->Bizans s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131n\u0131 y\u0131kacak g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc toplar olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in ku\u015fatma kald\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.
\n1400->Ankara Sava\u015f\u0131<\/p>\n

-1396 Ni\u011fbolu Sava\u015f\u0131(Osmanl\u0131xHa\u00e7l\u0131)
\nNot:<\/span>:Abbasi Halifesi bu zaferden sonra ”Sultan\u0131 \u0130klim-i Rum” \u00fcnvan\u0131 al\u0131yor.<\/p>\n

Not:<\/span>:Y\u0131ld\u0131r\u0131m Beyaz\u0131t balkanlardaki fetih hareketlerini tamamlad\u0131ktan sonra Anadolu T\u00fcrk Siyasi Birli\u011fi sa\u011flama \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131\u0131 ba\u015flat\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Anadolu T\u00fcrk Siyasi Birli\u011fi Sa\u011flama \u00c7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131<\/span>
\n-I.Murat D\u00f6nemi
\n->Germiyano\u011flu S\u00fcleyman \u015eah’\u0131n k\u0131z\u0131 Devlet Sultan ile evlenerek(Beyaz\u0131t evleniyo) K\u00fctahya,Simav,Tav\u015fanl\u0131,Emet \u00e7eyiz olarak al\u0131n\u0131yor.
\n->Hamito\u011fullar\u0131ndan sat\u0131n alma yolu ile Isparta,Bey\u015fehir,Ak\u015fehir,Seydi\u015fehir , Yalva\u00e7 al\u0131n\u0131yor.
\n-Y\u0131ld\u0131r\u0131m Beyaz\u0131t D\u00f6nemi
\n->Germiyano\u011fullar\u0131,Ayd\u0131no\u011fullar\u0131,Saruhano\u011fullar\u0131,Me nte\u015feo\u011fullar\u0131 ve Candaro\u011fullar\u0131n\u0131n kastamonu kolu al\u0131narak Anadolu T\u00fcrk Siyasi birli\u011fi b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde sa\u011flan\u0131yor.<\/p>\n

Ankara Sava\u015f\u0131(1402)<\/span>
\n-Sebepleri
\n1-\u0130ki h\u00fck\u00fcmdar\u0131n cihan hakimiyeti
\n2-\u0130kisininde birbirini tehdit olarak g\u00f6rmesi
\n3-\u0130ki h\u00fck\u00fcmdar\u0131n birbirine hakaret dolu s\u00f6zler veren mektuplar g\u00f6ndermsi
\n->Y\u0131ld\u0131r\u0131m\u0131 taraf\u0131nda bulunan Karatatarlar ve Anadolu beylikleri ihanet etmi\u015f bu y\u00fczden Y\u0131ld\u0131r\u0131m Beyaz\u0131t kaybetmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

-Sonu\u00e7lar\u0131
\n1-Anadolu T\u00fcrk Siyasi birli\u011fi bozuldu.
\n2-Fetret Devri ba\u015flad\u0131.
\n3-Beylikler tekrardan ortaya \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131.(Karasio\u011fullar\u0131 hari\u00e7)
\n4-\u0130stanbul’un fethi gecikti.
\n5-Balkanlarda fetihler durdu
\nNot:<\/span>:Osmanl\u0131 balkanlarda \u00e7ok fazla toprak kaybetmedi \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc \u0130skan ve Ho\u015fg\u00f6r\u00fc politikas\u0131 ile balkan devletleri aras\u0131ndaki siyasal ve dinsel \u00e7eki\u015fmelerden dolay\u0131 \u00e7ok fazla toprak kaybetmemi\u015ftir.B\u00f6ylelikle fetihlerin devam\u0131,kal\u0131c\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve b\u00f6lgenin t\u00fcrkle\u015fmesi sa\u011flanarak ayn\u0131 zamanda konar g\u00f6\u00e7erlere yeni yurtlar bulma imkan\u0131 olmu\u015ftur.<\/p>\n

Fetret Devri<\/span>
\nBa\u015flama sebebi:Ankara sava\u015f\u0131.
\n-Timur \u00fclkesinde d\u00f6nmeden Y.Beyaz\u0131t’\u0131n o\u011fullar\u0131 aras\u0131nda \u00fclkeyi payla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131yo.
\nS\u00fcleyman->Edirne
\n\u0130sa->Bal\u0131kesir
\nMehmet->Amasya->Siyasi birli\u011fi sa\u011fl\u0131yor
\nMusa->Bursa
\n-Timur Mustafa’y\u0131 semerkant’a g\u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fcyor amac\u0131 taht kavgas\u0131 \u00e7\u0131karmak daha sonra mustafa serbest kal\u0131r.
\nVeraset sistemi:\u00dclke padi\u015fah ve \u00e7ocuklar\u0131n\u0131n ortak mal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n

I.Mehmet(\u00c7elebi) D\u00f6nemi<\/span><\/span>
\n-Anadolu T\u00fcrk Siyasi birli\u011fini b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde sa\u011flad\u0131.
\n-\u0130lk Osmanl\u0131-Venedik Deniz Sava\u015f\u0131(1416) yap\u0131ld\u0131.
\nNot:<\/span>:Osmanl\u0131 bu m\u00fccadeleyi kaybetti.\u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc donanmas\u0131 tecr\u00fcbesiz ve zay\u0131ft\u0131.
\n-\u0130syanlar
\n1-\u015eeyh Bedrettin \u0130syan\u0131
\n->\u0130ran’da tasavvuf e\u011fitimi ald\u0131.
\n->M\u00fcritleri D\u00f6rtl\u00fcce Mustafa ve Torlak Kemal
\n->\u0130zmir ve Manisa’da isyan \u00e7\u0131karm\u0131\u015f ve idam edilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

2-Mustafa \u00c7elebi (D\u00fczmece Mustafa)
\n->Timur’un \u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcyle Anadoluya gelen Mustafa \u00c7elebi Bizans’tan ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 destekler giri\u015fti\u011fi taht m\u00fccadelesini kaybedince fidye kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 Bizans’ta kalm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n

II.Murat D\u00f6nemi<\/span><\/span>
\n-\u0130syanlar
\n1-Mustafa \u00c7elebi isyan\u0131
\n->H\u00fck\u00fcmdar de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fini f\u0131rsat bilen bizans Mustafa \u00c7elebi’yi serbest b\u0131rak\u0131yor ve \u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcyle isyan bitiyor.<\/p>\n

2-\u015eehzade Mustafa isyan\u0131<\/strong>
\n->Amcas\u0131 Mustafa \u00c7elebi’yi serbest b\u0131rakan bizans\u0131n \u00fczerine y\u00fcr\u00fcyor.Bunun \u00fczerine Bizans karde\u015fi \u015eehzade Mustafa’y\u0131 k\u0131\u015fk\u0131rt\u0131yor ve \u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcyle isyan bitiyor.<\/p>\n

-Eflak Voyvodas\u0131 H\u00fcnyadi Yana\u015f ak\u0131nc\u0131 boylar\u0131n\u0131 yenilgiye u\u011fratt\u0131.
\n-Bu yenilgiden cesaret alan balkan devletleri olu\u015fturduklar\u0131 ha\u00e7l\u0131 ittifak\u0131yla II.Murat’\u0131 yenilgiye u\u011fratm\u0131\u015f II.Murat bunun \u00fczerine bar\u0131\u015f istemek zorunda kalm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.
\n-1444 Edirne-Segedin Antla\u015fma<\/strong>s\u0131
\n1-S\u0131rp krall\u0131\u011f\u0131 yeniden kurulacak fakat osmanl\u0131ya vergi verecek.
\n2-Eflak Macarlara ait olacak fakat osmanl\u0131ya vergi verecek.
\n3-Anla\u015fma 10 y\u0131l ge\u00e7erli olacak.
\n4-Tuna Nehri iki taraf aras\u0131nda s\u0131n\u0131r olacak.
\n5-Her iki tarafta kutsal kitaplar\u0131 \u00fczerine yemin edecek.<\/p>\n

-1444 Varna Sava\u015f\u0131<\/strong>
\n->Osmanl\u0131 taht\u0131na 12 ya\u015f\u0131nda bir \u00e7ocu\u011fun ge\u00e7mesi ha\u00e7l\u0131lar\u0131 cesaretlendirmi\u015f yap\u0131lan m\u00fccadeleyi osmanl\u0131 kazanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n

-1448 II.Kosova Sava\u015f\u0131
\n1-Balkanlarda T\u00fcrk hakimiyeti kesinle\u015fti.
\n2-\u0130slam d\u00fcnyas\u0131ndaki prestiji artt\u0131.
\n3-Ha\u00e7l\u0131lar savunmaya ge\u00e7erken T\u00fcrkler taaruza ge\u00e7ti.<\/p>\n

II.Mehmet(Fatih) D\u00f6nemi<\/span><\/span>
\n-\u0130stanbul’un fethi (1453)
\nNedenleri:<\/strong>
\n1-Bizans’\u0131n \u015fehzadeleri k\u0131\u015fk\u0131rtmas\u0131
\n2-Bizans’\u0131n Anadolu Beyliklerini k\u0131\u015fk\u0131rtmas\u0131
\n3-Bizans’\u0131n Avrupa’y\u0131 k\u0131\u015fk\u0131rtmas\u0131(ha\u00e7l\u0131 seferleri)
\n4-Anadolu ve Rumeli aras\u0131nda b\u00fct\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc sa\u011flamak
\n5-Peygamber efendimizin hadisi \u015ferifi
\n6-\u0130stanbul’un \u00f6nemli ticaret yollar\u0131 \u00fczerinde olmas\u0131<\/p>\n

-\u0130stanbul’un fethinin haz\u0131rl\u0131klar\u0131<\/strong>
\n1-\u015eahi ad\u0131 verilen devasa toplar haz\u0131rlan\u0131yor.
\n2-Havan toplar\u0131 yap\u0131ld\u0131.
\n3-Tekerleklekli kuleler yap\u0131ld\u0131.
\n4-Mora ve balkanlara ordu g\u00f6nderildi.
\n5-Silivri ve Vize kaleleri al\u0131d\u0131.
\n6-Anadolu hisar\u0131(G\u00fczelce hisar)kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131na Rumeli hisar\u0131(Bo\u011fazkesen)yapt\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131.
\n7-Karamano\u011fullar\u0131yla anla\u015fma yap\u0131l\u0131yor.<\/p>\n

-Bizans’\u0131n yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 haz\u0131rl\u0131klar<\/strong>
\n1-Grejuva denile Rum ate\u015fi geli\u015ftiriliyor.
\n2-Bizans surlar\u0131 g\u00fc\u00e7lendiriliyor.
\n3-Avrupa’dan yard\u0131m isteniyor.
\n4-Katolig ve Ortadokslar\u0131 birle\u015ftirme fikri ortaya at\u0131l\u0131yor.
\n5-Halicin giri\u015fine kal\u0131n zincirler \u00e7ekiliyor.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Kurulu\u015f D\u00f6nemi(1299-1453) Padi\u015fahlar 1-Osman Bey 2-Orhan Bey 3-I.Murat 4-I.Beyaz\u0131t(Y\u0131ld\u0131r\u0131m) Fetret Devri->H\u00fck\u00fcmdars\u0131z ge\u00e7en d\u00f6nemdir. Ba\u015flama nedeni Ankara sava\u015f\u0131. 5-I.Mehmet(\u00c7elebi) 6-II.Murat Osman Bey D\u00f6nemi -Babas\u0131 Ertu\u011frul Gazi’nin \u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcyle 1281’de ba\u015fa ge\u00e7iyor.1299’da beyli\u011fin ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ilan ediyor. -Tekfurlardan, Bilecik,\u0130neg\u00f6l,Yarhisar,Yundhisar,Karacahisar al\u0131n\u0131yor. -1302 Koyunhisar sava\u015f\u0131:T\u00fcrklere \u0130zmit yolu a\u00e7\u0131l\u0131yor ve Bursa 3 taraftan ku\u015fat\u0131l\u0131yor. Not:: Koyunhisar sava\u015f\u0131 \u0130lk Osmanl\u0131-Bizans sava\u015f\u0131d\u0131r. -\u015eeyh Edebali’nin … Devam\u0131n\u0131 oku…<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1685,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[7],"tags":[12800,12801,12799],"class_list":["post-38202","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-dn","tag-kurululs-donemi-padisahlari","tag-kurulus-donemi-padisahlari-ve-olaylari","tag-osmanli-kurulus-donemi"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/38202","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1685"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=38202"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/38202\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=38202"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=38202"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=38202"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}