{"id":38176,"date":"2012-11-21T18:23:41","date_gmt":"2012-11-21T16:23:41","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/?p=38176"},"modified":"2012-11-21T18:23:41","modified_gmt":"2012-11-21T16:23:41","slug":"milli-mucadele-yillari-ozet-konu-anlatimi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/milli-mucadele-yillari-ozet-konu-anlatimi.html","title":{"rendered":"Milli M\u00fccadele Y\u0131llar\u0131 \u00d6zet Konu Anlat\u0131m\u0131"},"content":{"rendered":"

KURTULU\u015e SAVA\u015eI (19 MAYIS 1919-11 EK\u0130M 1922)<\/strong><\/p>\n

+\u00a0Mondros Ate\u015fkes Antla\u015fmas\u0131\u00a0imzaland\u0131\u011f\u0131nda Mustafa Ke\u00admal, Suriye cephesinde Yedinci ordu komutan\u0131 olarak g\u00f6rev yap\u0131yordu.
\n+ Ate\u015fkes imzaland\u0131ktan bir g\u00fcn sonra\u00a0Mustafa Kemal\u00a0Y\u0131ld\u0131r\u0131m Ordular\u0131 grup komutanl\u0131\u011f\u0131na getirildi.
\n+ Ancak birka\u00e7 g\u00fcn sonra bu ordu da\u011f\u0131t\u0131ld\u0131. Bunun \u00fczerine\u00a0Mustafa Kemal\u00a0ate\u015fkes gere\u011fi 13 Kas\u0131m 1918’de \u0130stanbul’a gelmi\u015ftir.
\n+ Ayn\u0131 g\u00fcn itilaf donanmas\u0131 da \u0130stanbul’a gelmi\u015fti.
\n+\u00a0Mustafa Kemal\u00a0i\u015fgal donanmas\u0131 i\u00e7in “Geldikleri gibi giderler” dedi.
\n+ \u0130stanbul’da kald\u0131\u011f\u0131 s\u00fcre i\u00e7inde \u00f6nde gelen komutanlar ve si\u00adyasiler ile vatan\u0131n kurtar\u0131lmas\u0131na y\u00f6nelik fikir \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131nda bulundu.
\n+\u00a0Mustafa Kemal\u00a0burada kesin olarak manda ve himayeye kar\u00ad\u015f\u0131 \u00e7\u0131km\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n

MUSTAFA KEMAL’\u0130N SAMSUN’A \u00c7IKI\u015eI (19 May\u0131s 1919)<\/strong><\/p>\n

+\u00a0Mustafa Kemal\u00a016 May\u0131s 1919 g\u00fcn\u00fc \u00e7\u0131kart\u0131lan bir fermanla Samsun’a hareket eder.
\n+ 9. Ordu M\u00fcfetti\u015fi olarak g\u00f6nderilen\u00a0Mustafa Kemal’in yapma\u00ads\u0131 istenilen i\u015fler.
\n\u00fc Do\u011fu Karadeniz’de asayi\u015fi ve g\u00fcvenli\u011fi sa\u011flamak
\n\u00fc\u00a0Mondros Ate\u015fkes Antla\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131n h\u00fck\u00fcmlerinin uygulanmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flamak
\n\u00fc Halk\u0131n elinde bulunan silah ve cephanelerin toplanmas\u0131
\n\u00fc Halka silah satan ki\u015fileri ve kurumlar\u0131 belirlemek, bu faaliyet\u00adleri yasaklamak ve bu kurulu\u015flar\u0131 ortadan kald\u0131rmak.
\n+ Samsun’a 19 May\u0131s 1919’da \u00e7\u0131kan\u00a0Mustafa Kemal\u00a0g\u00f6revi ge\u00adre\u011fi burada bir durum de\u011ferlendirmesi yapt\u0131ktan sonra bir ra\u00adpor haz\u0131rlayarak telgrafla \u0130stanbul’a iletir. Bu raporda;
\n\u00fc B\u00f6lgedeki kar\u0131\u015f\u0131kl\u0131klar\u0131n sebebi Rumlard\u0131r. E\u011fer Rumlar siya\u00adsi emellerinden vazge\u00e7erlerse b\u00f6lgede huzur ve asayi\u015f kendili\u011finden sa\u011flan\u0131r.
\n\u00fc T\u00fcrkl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn yabanc\u0131 mandas\u0131 ve kontrol\u00fcne tahamm\u00fcl\u00fc yoktur.
\n\u00fc \u0130zmir’in Yunanl\u0131lar taraf\u0131ndan i\u015fgali haks\u0131zd\u0131r, i\u015fgal ge\u00e7icidir.
\n\u00fc T\u00fcrk Milleti milli hakimiyet ve Milli ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131k arzusundad\u0131r.\u00a0Mustafa Kemal\u00a025 May\u0131s 1919’da Havza’ya ge\u00e7erek burada
\n28 May\u0131s 1919’da bir bildiri yay\u0131nlam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.
\nHAVZA GENELGES\u0130 (28 MAYIS 1919)<\/strong>
\n\u0130zmir’in i\u015fgaline kar\u015f\u0131 yurdun \u00e7e\u015fitli yerlerinde ba\u015flayan pro\u00adtesto mitingleri ve halk\u0131n heyecan\u0131n\u0131 ortak bir \u00e7izgi \u00fczerinde bir\u00adle\u015ftirmek amac\u0131yla yay\u0131nlanan genelgede;<\/p>\n

\u00d8 B\u00fcy\u00fck ve heyecanl\u0131 mitingler yap\u0131larak milli g\u00f6sterilerde bulu\u00adnulmal\u0131d\u0131r.
\n\u00d8 B\u00fcy\u00fck devletlerin temsilcilerine ve \u0130stanbul h\u00fck\u00fcmetine uyar\u0131 telgraf\u0131 \u00e7ekilmelidir.
\n+ Genelge askeri ve m\u00fclki amirlere g\u00f6nderilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

\u00d6NEM\u0130:
\n\u00d8 Genelgeden sonra yurdun de\u011fi\u015fik yerlerinde d\u00fczenlenen mi\u00adtingler, Havza Genelgesi’nin halk \u00fczerindeki etkisini g\u00f6stermek\u00adtedir.
\n\u00d8\u00a0Mustafa Kemal\u00a0Pa\u015fa T\u00fcrk halk\u0131n\u0131 Milli m\u00fccadele fikri etraf\u0131n\u00adda birle\u015ftirmeye ba\u015flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.
\n\u00d8\u00a0Mustafa Kemal\u00a08 Haziran 1919’da \u0130stanbul H\u00fck\u00fcmeti Harbi\u00adye Nezareti taraf\u0131ndan geri \u00e7a\u011fr\u0131lmas\u0131na ra\u011fmen emre uymam\u0131\u015f ve Amasya’ya ge\u00e7mi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

AMASYA GENELGES\u0130 (22 HAZ\u0130RAN 1919)<\/strong>
\n+ Amasya’da Milli M\u00fccadele \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n\u0131 s\u00fcrd\u00fcren\u00a0Mustafa Kemal, Rauf Bey (Orbay), Refet Bey (Bele) ve\u00a0Ali Fuat Pa\u015fa(Cebesoy) ile birlikte bir bildiri yay\u0131nlad\u0131.
\n+ Haz\u0131rlanan bildiri 15. Kolordu Komutan\u0131 Kaz\u0131m Karabekir’in de onay\u0131 al\u0131nd\u0131ktan sonra 22 Haziran 1919’da yay\u0131mland\u0131.<\/p>\n

1. Vatan\u0131n b\u00fct\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc milletin ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131 tehlikededir.
\n2. \u0130stanbul h\u00fck\u00fcmeti galip devletlerin etkisi alt\u0131nda oldu\u011fun\u00addan \u00fczerine d\u00fc\u015fen g\u00f6revi yerine getirememektedir. Bu da mille\u00adti yok saymaktad\u0131r.
\n3. Milletin ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 yine milletin azim ve karar\u0131 kurtar-cakt\u0131r.
\n4. Her t\u00fcrl\u00fc etki ve denetimden uzak milli bir kurul olu\u015fturul\u00admal\u0131d\u0131r.
\n5. Anadolunun her bak\u0131mdan en g\u00fcvenilir yeri olan Sivas’ta bir kongre toplanacakt\u0131r.
\n6. Ayr\u0131ca do\u011fu illeri i\u00e7in Erzurum’da toplanacak olan kongre delegeleri Sivas’a gelecektir.
\n7. Al\u0131nan kararlar milli bir s\u0131r olarak saklanacakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n

\u00d6nemi:
\nAmasya genelgesi milli m\u00fccadelenin gerek\u00e7e, ama\u00e7 ve y\u00f6n\u00adtemini ilk kez belirtmi\u015ftir.
\nGerek\u00e7e: Vatan\u0131n b\u00fct\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc ve milletin ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n teh\u00adlikeye girmesi (1. ve 2. madde)
\nAma\u00e7: Milletin ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flamakt\u0131r. (3. madde)
\nY\u00f6ntem: Milli m\u00fccadeleyi halk yapacakt\u0131r. (3. madde) Nas\u0131l organize edilece\u011fi (4. ve 5. madde)
\n\u00d8 Amasya Genelgesi’nde millet iradesine dayanarak yeni bir devlet kurmaya do\u011fru gidildi\u011fi ortaya konmu\u015ftur. Yeni bir devletin kurulmas\u0131 fikri ilk kez ortaya at\u0131ld\u0131. (3. madde)
\n\u00d8 Genelgenin, milli bir kurulun kurulmas\u0131n\u0131 zorunlu g\u00f6rmesi,ba\u015fta itilaf devletleri olmak \u00fczere \u0130stanbul h\u00fck\u00fcmetine kar\u015f\u0131 da bir ihtilal bildirisidir.
\n\u00d8 Genelgeden sonra\u00a0Mustafa Kemal\u00a0“Art\u0131k \u0130stanbul Anadolu\u0092ya h\u00e2kim de\u011fil ba\u011fl\u0131 olmak zorundad\u0131r” demi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

GENELGE SONRASI GEL\u0130\u015eMELER:<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u00d8 Genelgeden sonra \u00f6zellikle Ingilizler’in\u00a0Mustafa Kemal’i geri getirmek i\u00e7in \u0130stanbul h\u00fck\u00fcmetine bask\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131 art\u0131rmalar\u0131 ne\u00adticesinde\u00a0Mustafa Kemal\u00a0\u0130stanbul’a \u00e7a\u011fr\u0131l\u0131r.
\n\u00d8 Gerek\u00e7e olarak yetkilerini a\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 belirtilmektedir.
\n\u00d8\u00a0Mustafa Kemal’in \u00e7a\u011fr\u0131ya uymamas\u0131 nedeniyle yetkileri elin\u00adden al\u0131narak Dokuzuncu Ordu M\u00fcfetti\u015fli\u011fi g\u00f6revine son veri\u00adlir. Bunun \u00fczerine\u00a0Mustafa Kemal\u00a07-8 Temmuz gecesi asker\u00adlik g\u00f6revinden de istifa eder.
\n\u00d8 Bu geli\u015fmeler \u00fczerine bir belirsizlik ve umutsuzluk ortam\u0131 do\u011fmu\u015ftur. 15. Kolordu Komutan\u0131 Kaz\u0131m Karabekir’in Musta\u00adfa Kemal’in emrinde oldu\u011funu bildirmesiyle bu s\u0131k\u0131nt\u0131lar a\u015f\u0131\u00adl\u0131r.
\n\u00d8\u00a0Mustafa Kemal, bu tarihten sonra m\u00fccadelesine sivil ola\u00adrak devam etti. Bu durum g\u00fcc\u00fcn\u00fc halktan alan Milli M\u00fccadele’deMustafa Kemal’in halk\u0131 temsil eden bir lider olmas\u0131n\u0131 kolayla\u015ft\u0131r\u00add\u0131.
\nERZURUM KONGRES\u0130 (23 Temmuz – 7 A\u011fustos 1919)<\/strong>
\n\u00d8\u00a0Mustafa Kemal, Kaz\u0131m Karabekir ve Do\u011fu Anadolu M\u00fcdafaa-i Hukuk Cemiyetinin \u0131srar\u0131 ile kongreye kat\u0131lmay\u0131 kabul etti.
\n\u00d8 Kongrenin amac\u0131; Ermeni ve Rumlara kar\u015f\u0131 nas\u0131l bir strate\u00adji izlenece\u011fini belirlemekti.
\n\u00d8 Kongreye; Erzurum, Trabzon, Sivas, Bitlis ve Van illerini temsil eden 54 temsilci kat\u0131ld\u0131. Elaz\u0131\u011f, Diyarbak\u0131r ve Mardin vali\u00adleri temsilcilerini kongreye g\u00f6ndermediler.
\n\u00d8 Kararlar:<\/p>\n

1. Milli s\u0131n\u0131rlar i\u00e7inde vatan bir b\u00fct\u00fcnd\u00fcr b\u00f6l\u00fcnmez.
\n2. \u0130\u015fgalcilere kar\u015f\u0131 \u0130stanbul h\u00fck\u00fcmetinin kay\u0131ts\u0131z kalmas\u0131 du\u00adrumunda derhal ge\u00e7ici bir h\u00fck\u00fcmet kurulacakt\u0131r. Bu h\u00fck\u00fcmeti milli bir meclis se\u00e7ecektir. Milli Meclis toplanana kadar g\u00f6rev ya\u00adpacak bir TEMS\u0130L HEYET\u0130 olu\u015fturulacakt\u0131r.
\n3. Manda ve himaye kabul edilemez.
\n4. Milli iradeyi hakim k\u0131lmak esast\u0131r.
\n5. Az\u0131nl\u0131k unsurlara siyasi egemenli\u011fimizi s\u0131n\u0131rlay\u0131c\u0131 ve top\u00adlumsal dengeyi bozucu ayr\u0131cal\u0131klar verilemez.
\n6. Ulusal irade padi\u015fah\u0131 ve halifeyi kurtaracakt\u0131r.
\n7. Derhal meclis toplanmal\u0131 h\u00fck\u00fcmet \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 meclis de\u00adnetimine girmelidir.<\/p>\n

\u00d6NEM\u0130:<\/strong>
\n\u00fc Manda ve himaye reddedilerek ilk kez ulusal egemenli\u011fin ko\u00ad\u015fulsuz olarak ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilmesine karar verilmi\u015ftir.
\n\u00fc Do\u011fu Anadolu M\u00fcdafaa-i Hukuk cemiyetinin tertipledi\u011fi b\u00f6l\u00adgesel bir kongre olmas\u0131na ra\u011fmen Milli nitelikli kararlar alm\u0131\u015f\u00adt\u0131r.
\n\u00fc Temsil heyeti ilk kez burada olu\u015fturulmu\u015f, ba\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131na Mus\u00adtafa Kemal se\u00e7ilmi\u015ftir.
\n\u00fc Yeni bir devletin kurulmakta oldu\u011fu a\u00e7\u0131klanm\u0131\u015f, yeni T\u00fcrk devletinin temelleri at\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.
\n\u00fc Erzurum kongresi\u00a0Mustafa Kemal’in sivil olarak yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 ilk \u00e7a\u00adl\u0131\u015fmad\u0131r.
\n\u00fc Erzurum kongresi ama\u00e7 ve karakter olarak b\u00f6lgesel, al\u0131nan kararlar ve sonu\u00e7lar\u0131 y\u00f6n\u00fcyle millidir.
\n\u00fc Kongre \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 devam ederken \u0130stanbul H\u00fck\u00fcmeti 30 Temmuz 1919’da\u00a0Mustafa Kemal\u00a0ve Rauf Bey hakk\u0131nda tu\u00adtuklama karar\u0131 \u00e7\u0131kard\u0131.<\/p>\n

Sonu\u00e7lar\u0131:
\n=> Erzurum kongresi y\u00f6resel direni\u015f \u00f6rg\u00fctlerinin bir \u00e7at\u0131 al\u00adt\u0131nda toplanabilece\u011fini ilk kez kamuoyuna g\u00f6sterdi.
\n=> Art\u0131k bundan sonra \u0130stanbul h\u00fck\u00fcmetinin buyruklar\u0131 Ana\u00addolu’da ge\u00e7miyordu. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc do\u011fu illerinin bir Temsil Kurulu vard\u0131.
\nBALIKES\u0130R KONGRES\u0130 (26-31 TEMMUZ 1919)<\/strong>
\n\u00b7 Bat\u0131 cephesindeki Kuvay-i Milliye birliklerini \u00f6rg\u00fctlemek, sevk ve iradesini sa\u011flamak, ihtiya\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131lamak amac\u0131yla toplanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. \u0130\u015fgal devletlerinin temsilcilerine telgraflar \u00e7ekildi.
\n\u00b7 Bu kongre asker toplaman\u0131n yan\u0131nda, padi\u015faha olan ba\u011f\u00adl\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 da bildirmi\u015ftir.
\n\u00b7 Bu kongrenin tek ba\u015f\u0131na hareket etme gibi bir \u00f6zelli\u011fi de vard\u0131r.
\n\u00b7 Kongreyle birlikte Ege’deki g\u00fc\u00e7ler bir \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde \u00f6rg\u00fctlenmi\u015f\u00adtir.<\/p>\n

ALA\u015eEH\u0130R KONGRES\u0130 (16-25 A\u011eUSTOS 1919)<\/strong>
\n\u00b7 Bu kongrede Erzurum ve Bal\u0131kesir Kongresi’nin kararlar\u0131 g\u00f6\u00adr\u00fc\u015f\u00fclm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. Bal\u0131kesir kongresi kararlar\u0131n\u0131 peki\u015ftirmek, te\u015fkilat\u00adlanmay\u0131 geni\u015fletip g\u00fc\u00e7lendirmek amac\u0131yla toplanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.
\n\u00b7 Yunanl\u0131lara kar\u015f\u0131 direnilecek, silahlanma ve askere alma \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131 yap\u0131lacak
\nS\u0130VAS KONGRES\u0130 (4-11 EYL\u00dcL 1919)<\/strong>
\n\u00d8 Kongrenin toplanmas\u0131n\u0131 engellemek amac\u0131yla Frans\u0131zlar ve\u00a0Osmanl\u0131\u00a0y\u00f6netimi baz\u0131 \u00f6nlemler alm\u0131\u015flard\u0131.
\n\u00d8 Elaz\u0131\u011f valisi Ali Galip’te kongreyi basmakla g\u00f6revlendirilmi\u015fti. Ancak ba\u015far\u0131l\u0131 olamad\u0131lar. Kongre’de,
\n\u00d8 Erzurum’da al\u0131nan kararlar aynen kabul edilmi\u015ftir.
\n\u00d8 Erzurum Kongresinden farkl\u0131 olarak t\u00fcm \u00fclkeden delegeler kat\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r
\n\u00d8 Bundan dolay\u0131 milli bir kongre niteli\u011fi vard\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Ba\u015fl\u0131ca kararlar:<\/strong>
\n1. Milli s\u0131n\u0131rlar ve Misak-\u0131 Milli’nin esaslar\u0131 tespit edilmi\u015ftir.
\n2. Manda ve himaye kesin olarak reddedilmi\u015ftir.
\n3. Mondros’tan sonra kurulan ulusal cemiyetler Anadolu ve Rumeli M\u00fcdafaa-i Hukuk Cemiyeti ad\u0131 alt\u0131nda birle\u015ftirilmi\u015ftir.
\n4. Temsil heyetinin yetkileri geni\u015fletilmi\u015f, \u00fcye say\u0131s\u0131 art\u0131r\u0131l\u00adm\u0131\u015f ve t\u00fcm vatan\u0131 temsil eder hale getirilmi\u015ftir.
\n5.\u00a0Meclis-i Mebusan’\u0131n toplanmas\u0131 i\u00e7in \u0130stanbul’a bask\u0131 ya\u00adp\u0131lacakt\u0131r.
\n6.\u00a0Ali Fuat Pa\u015fa\u00a0Bat\u0131 cephesi Kuvay-i Milliye komutanl\u0131\u011f\u0131na tayin edilmi\u015ftir. (9 Eyl\u00fcl 1919)
\n7. Haftada iki kez yay\u0131nlanmak \u00fczere Irade-i Milliye Gaze\u00adtesi \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lacakt\u0131r. (Milli m\u00fccadelenin ilk yay\u0131n organ\u0131d\u0131r.)<\/p>\n

Ali Fuat Pa\u015fan\u0131n Bat\u0131 Anadolu Kuvay-\u0131 Milliye komutan\u00adl\u0131\u011f\u0131na getirilmesi ile Temsil Heyeti y\u00fcr\u00fctme yetkisini ilk kez kul\u00adlanm\u0131\u015f oluyordu.<\/p>\n

Sonu\u00e7lar\u0131:<\/strong>
\n\u00d8 Damat Ferit h\u00fck\u00fcmeti daha fazla direnemeyerek istifa et\u00adti. Yerine daha \u0131l\u0131ml\u0131 olan Ali R\u0131za Pa\u015fa H\u00fck\u00fcmeti kuruldu.
\n\u00d8 Temsil heyetinin \u0130stanbul h\u00fck\u00fcmeti \u00fczerindeki ilk etkisi Da\u00admat Ferit Pa\u015fa h\u00fck\u00fcmetinin istifas\u0131d\u0131r.
\n\u00d8 Sivas Kongresi’nden etkilenen Sivasl\u0131 kad\u0131nlar; Anadolu Kad\u0131nlar\u0131 M\u00fcdafaa-i Hukuk Cemiyeti”ni kurdular.
\nAMASYA G\u00d6R\u00dc\u015eMELER\u0130 (20-22 Ekim 1919)<\/strong>
\n\u00d8 Yeni kurulan Ali R\u0131za Pa\u015fa H\u00fck\u00fcmeti’nin iste\u011fi \u00fczerine ger\u00ad\u00e7ekle\u015fti.
\n\u00d8 G\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fmeye \u0130stanbul h\u00fck\u00fcmetini temsilen Bahriye Naz\u0131r\u0131 Sa\u00adlih Pa\u015fa kat\u0131ld\u0131.
\n\u00d8 Milli m\u00fccadeleyi temsilen,\u00a0Mustafa Kemal\u00a0ba\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131nda Ra\u00aduf Bey ve Bekir Sami Bey kat\u0131ld\u0131lar.<\/p>\n

\u0130stanbul h\u00fck\u00fcmeti; Amasya g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fmesi ile Anadolu’daki m\u00fccadele hareketini kendi kontrol\u00fcne almay\u0131 ama\u00e7lam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Temsil Kurulu ise; Milli M\u00fccadele hareketini \u0130stanbul’a ta\u00adn\u0131tmay\u0131, m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olursa deste\u011fini almay\u0131 ama\u00e7lam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Milli M\u00fccadele ad\u0131na Salih Pa\u015fa’dan;
\n\u00d8 Milli meclisin verece\u011fi en son karara uyulmas\u0131 \u015fart\u0131yla vatan b\u00fct\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fcn ve istiklalinin korunmas\u0131
\n\u00d8 M\u00fcsl\u00fcman olmayan gruplara, siyasi egemenlik ve sosyal dengemizi bozacak tarzda imtiyazlar verilmemesi
\n\u00d8 Anadolu ve Rumeli M\u00fcdafaa-i Hukuk cemiyetinin \u0130stan\u00adbul h\u00fck\u00fcmetince tan\u0131nmas\u0131
\n\u00d8 Milli meclisin \u0130stanbul’da toplanmas\u0131n\u0131n i\u015fgal ihtimalinden dolay\u0131 bar\u0131\u015f sa\u011flanana kadar h\u00fck\u00fcmetin se\u00e7ece\u011fi bir yerde top\u00adlanmas\u0131, istenmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

Sonu\u00e7:<\/strong>
\n\u00fc \u0130stanbul H\u00fck\u00fcmeti ilk kez Milli M\u00fccadele’yi yani Temsil Kurulunu tan\u0131m\u0131\u015f oluyordu.
\n\u00fc \u0130stanbul H\u00fck\u00fcmeti’nin Milli M\u00fccadele’ye kar\u015f\u0131 olan olum\u00adsuz tutumu bir s\u00fcre engellenmi\u015ftir.
\n\u00fc\u00a0Meclis-i Mebusan’\u0131n toplanmas\u0131 sa\u011flanm\u0131\u015f Misak-\u0131 Milli Meclisin onay\u0131ndan ge\u00e7mi\u015ftir.
\nTEMS\u0130L KURULU’NUN ANKARA’YA GELMES\u0130 (27 ARALIK 1919)<\/strong>
\n\u00d8 \u0130stanbul’da toplanacak\u00a0Meclis-i Mebusan’\u0131n \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n\u0131 daha yak\u0131ndan takip edebilmek amac\u0131yla Temsil Heyeti Anka\u00adra’ya gelir.<\/p>\n

Bu i\u015f i\u00e7in Ankara’n\u0131n se\u00e7ilmesinin nedenleri:
\n\u00d8 Milli M\u00fccadele’de en \u00f6nemli cephe olan Bat\u0131 Cephesi’ne yak\u0131n olmas\u0131.
\n\u00d8 Ula\u015f\u0131m ve haberle\u015fme imkanlar\u0131n\u0131n fazla olmas\u0131.
\n\u00d8 Anadolu’nun ortas\u0131nda merkezi bir konumda bulunmas\u0131.<\/p>\n

\u00d8 \u0130\u00e7 kesimlerde olmas\u0131 nedeniyle g\u00fcvenlikte olmas\u0131.
\n\u00d8 Bu arada se\u00e7imler de yap\u0131l\u0131yordu bir\u00e7ok yerde M\u00fcdafaa-iHukuk Cemiyeti’nin adaylar\u0131 kazan\u0131yordu.
\n\u00d8\u00a0Mustafa Kemal\u00a0Erzurum Milletvekili se\u00e7ilmi\u015ftir.
\n\u00d8\u00a0Mustafa Kemal, Ankara’da Milli m\u00fccadele taraftan mebusla\u00adra yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fmelerde \u015fu isteklerde bulundu
\n\u00d8 Kendisinin g\u0131yaben meclis ba\u015fkan\u0131 se\u00e7ilmesi
\n\u00d8 Ali R\u0131za Pa\u015fa H\u00fck\u00fcmetine g\u00fcvenoyu verilmesi
\n\u00d8 Misak-\u0131 Milli kararlar\u0131n\u0131n al\u0131nmas\u0131
\n\u00d8 Mecliste bir M\u00fcdafaa-i Hukuk Grubu’nun olu\u015fturulmas\u0131
\nSON OSMANLI MECL\u0130S-\u0130 MEBUSAN’IN A\u00c7ILMASI (12 OCAK 1920)<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u00d8\u00a0Mustafa Kemal, Meclisin \u0130stanbul’un d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda bir \u015fehirde top\u00adlanmas\u0131n\u0131 istiyordu.
\n\u00d8 Bunun nedeni milli iradenin h\u00fcr bi\u00e7imde kararlara yans\u0131ma\u00adyaca\u011f\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncesidir.
\n\u00d8 Ancak, \u0130stanbul H\u00fck\u00fcmeti’nin padi\u015fahs\u0131z meclis olmaz, d\u00fc\u00ad\u015f\u00fcncesi ile hareket etmesi sonucunda Son\u00a0Osmanl\u0131\u00a0Meclis-i Mebusan’\u0131 \u0130stanbul’da topland\u0131.
\n\u00d8 Milli m\u00fccadeleciler, her konuda\u00a0Mustafa Kemal’in istekleri do\u011frultusunda faaliyet g\u00f6steremediler. Ancak vatan\u0131n b\u00fct\u00fcn\u00adl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc konusundaki isteklerinin bir k\u0131sm\u0131 ger\u00e7ekle\u015fti ve Misak-\u0131 Milli kararlar\u0131 ald\u0131.<\/p>\n

M\u0130SAK-I M\u0130LL\u0130 KARARLARI (28 Ocak 1920)<\/strong><\/p>\n

1. Mondros Ate\u015fkesi imzaland\u0131\u011f\u0131 s\u0131rada i\u015fgal edilmemi\u015f b\u00f6l\u00adgeler kesin T\u00fcrk yurdudur, par\u00e7alanamaz.
\n2. Kars, Ardahan ve Batum’da (Elviya-i Selase) gerekirse referanduma gidilecektir.
\n3. Araplar kendi geleceklerini kendileri belirleyecektir. (Arap\u00adlar\u0131n \u00e7o\u011funlukla ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131 yerlerde referandum yap\u0131lacakt\u0131r.)
\n4. Bat\u0131 Trakya’n\u0131n gelece\u011fi referandum ile belirlenecektir.
\n5. \u0130stanbul, Marmara ve Halifenin g\u00fcvenli\u011fi sa\u011fland\u0131\u011f\u0131 tak\u00addirde, Bo\u011fazlar trafi\u011fe a\u00e7\u0131lacakt\u0131r.
\n6. Az\u0131nl\u0131klara, di\u011fer \u00fclkelerdeki T\u00fcrk az\u0131nl\u0131\u011fa tan\u0131nan haklar tan\u0131nacakt\u0131r.
\n7. Siyasi, mali ve adli geli\u015fmemizi engelleyen s\u0131n\u0131rlamalar kabul edilemez. (Kapit\u00fclasyonlar)<\/p>\n

\u00d6nemi:<\/strong>
\n1. Milli m\u00fccadelede hedefler kesin olarak belirlendi.
\n2. Vatan s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131 (Misak-\u0131 Milli S\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131) kesin olarak belir\u00adlendi.
\n3. Son\u00a0Osmanl\u0131\u00a0Meclis-i Mebusan’\u0131n ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 en \u00f6nemli karard\u0131r.
\n+ Bu kararlar meclis onay\u0131ndan ge\u00e7ti\u011fi i\u00e7in resmiyet kazanm\u0131\u015f kararlard\u0131.
\n+\u00a0Meclis-i Mebusan; kongre kararlar\u0131ndan etkilenmi\u015ftir.
\nSON OSMANLI MECL\u0130S-\u0130 MEBUSAN’IN A\u00c7ILMASI (12 OCAK 1920)<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u00d8\u00a0Mustafa Kemal, Meclisin \u0130stanbul’un d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda bir \u015fehirde top\u00adlanmas\u0131n\u0131 istiyordu.
\n\u00d8 Bunun nedeni milli iradenin h\u00fcr bi\u00e7imde kararlara yans\u0131ma\u00adyaca\u011f\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncesidir.
\n\u00d8 Ancak, \u0130stanbul H\u00fck\u00fcmeti’nin padi\u015fahs\u0131z meclis olmaz, d\u00fc\u00ad\u015f\u00fcncesi ile hareket etmesi sonucunda Son\u00a0Osmanl\u0131\u00a0Meclis-i Mebusan’\u0131 \u0130stanbul’da topland\u0131.
\n\u00d8 Milli m\u00fccadeleciler, her konuda\u00a0Mustafa Kemal’in istekleri do\u011frultusunda faaliyet g\u00f6steremediler. Ancak vatan\u0131n b\u00fct\u00fcn\u00adl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc konusundaki isteklerinin bir k\u0131sm\u0131 ger\u00e7ekle\u015fti ve Misak-\u0131 Milli kararlar\u0131 ald\u0131.<\/p>\n

M\u0130SAK-I M\u0130LL\u0130 KARARLARI (28 Ocak 1920)<\/strong><\/p>\n

1. Mondros Ate\u015fkesi imzaland\u0131\u011f\u0131 s\u0131rada i\u015fgal edilmemi\u015f b\u00f6l\u00adgeler kesin T\u00fcrk yurdudur, par\u00e7alanamaz.
\n2. Kars, Ardahan ve Batum’da (Elviya-i Selase) gerekirse referanduma gidilecektir.
\n3. Araplar kendi geleceklerini kendileri belirleyecektir. (Arap\u00adlar\u0131n \u00e7o\u011funlukla ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131 yerlerde referandum yap\u0131lacakt\u0131r.)
\n4. Bat\u0131 Trakya’n\u0131n gelece\u011fi referandum ile belirlenecektir.
\n5. \u0130stanbul, Marmara ve Halifenin g\u00fcvenli\u011fi sa\u011fland\u0131\u011f\u0131 tak\u00addirde, Bo\u011fazlar trafi\u011fe a\u00e7\u0131lacakt\u0131r.
\n6. Az\u0131nl\u0131klara, di\u011fer \u00fclkelerdeki T\u00fcrk az\u0131nl\u0131\u011fa tan\u0131nan haklar tan\u0131nacakt\u0131r.
\n7. Siyasi, mali ve adli geli\u015fmemizi engelleyen s\u0131n\u0131rlamalar kabul edilemez. (Kapit\u00fclasyonlar)<\/p>\n

\u00d6nemi:<\/strong>
\n1. Milli m\u00fccadelede hedefler kesin olarak belirlendi.
\n2. Vatan s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131 (Misak-\u0131 Milli S\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131) kesin olarak belir\u00adlendi.
\n3. Son\u00a0Osmanl\u0131\u00a0Meclis-i Mebusan’\u0131n ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 en \u00f6nemli karard\u0131r.
\n+ Bu kararlar meclis onay\u0131ndan ge\u00e7ti\u011fi i\u00e7in resmiyet kazanm\u0131\u015f kararlard\u0131.
\n+\u00a0Meclis-i Mebusan; kongre kararlar\u0131ndan etkilenmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

\u0130STANBUL’UN RESMEN \u0130\u015eGAL\u0130 (16 MART 1920)<\/strong>
\n\u00d8 Ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7ta, \u0130stanbul’da toplanacak olan\u00a0Meclis-i Mebusan’a itilaf devletleri kar\u015f\u0131 \u00e7\u0131kmam\u0131\u015ft\u0131.
\n\u00d8 \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc bu meclisi kendi ama\u00e7lar\u0131 do\u011frultusunda kullanabile\u00adceklerini d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcyorlard\u0131.
\n\u00d8 B\u00f6ylece, Anadolu harekat\u0131n\u0131 sonu\u00e7suz b\u0131rakmak istiyorlard\u0131.
\n\u00d8 Ancak son\u00a0Osmanl\u0131\u00a0Meclis-i Mebusan\u0131ndan tam ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131k anlam\u0131na gelen Misak-\u0131 Milli kararlar\u0131n\u0131n \u00e7\u0131kmas\u0131 \u00fczerine iti\u00adlaf devletleri\u00a0Meclis-i Mebusan’\u0131 da\u011f\u0131tt\u0131lar ve \u0130stanbul’u res\u00admen i\u015fgal ettiler. (16 Mart 1920)<\/p>\n

\u00d8 Mebuslar\u0131n bir k\u0131sm\u0131 Malta’ya s\u00fcrg\u00fcne g\u00f6nderilirken bir k\u0131sm\u0131 da Anadoluya ka\u00e7abildi.
\n\u00d8 \u0130\u015fgalden sonra itilaf devletleri \u015fu bildiriyi yay\u0131nlad\u0131lar.
\n\u00d8 \u0130\u015fgal ge\u00e7icidir.
\n\u00d8 Ama\u00e7 padi\u015fah ve halifeyi korumakt\u0131r.
\n\u00d8 Herkes \u0130stanbul’dan verilecek emirlere uymak zorundad\u0131r.
\n\u00d8 Anadolu’da isyan \u00e7\u0131kacak olursa \u0130stanbul T\u00fcrklerin elinden al\u0131nacakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n

\u0130\u015fgalden sonra Temsil Heyeti de baz\u0131 kararlar ve tedbir\u00adler ald\u0131. \u00d6nemlileri \u015funlard\u0131r:<\/p>\n

\u00d8 \u0130stanbul ile telefon ve telgraf g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fmelerinin kesilmesi.
\n\u00d8 \u0130stanbul’a para ve mal gidi\u015fi durdurulacak.
\n\u00d8 Anadoluda bulunan itilaf devletleri subaylar\u0131 tutuklanarak si\u00adlahlar\u0131 al\u0131nacakt\u0131r.
\n\u00d8 Anadolu’da Temsil Heyeti d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda herhangi bir makam\u0131n s\u00f6\u00adz\u00fcn\u00fc dinleyen olursa cezaland\u0131r\u0131lacakt\u0131r.
\n\u00d8 \u0130stanbul’un i\u015fgali ve\u00a0Meclis-i Mebusan’\u0131n da\u011f\u0131t\u0131lmas\u0131 iki olumlu geli\u015fmeyi beraberinde getirmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

1. TBMM’nin a\u00e7\u0131lmas\u0131 i\u00e7in uygun bir zemin olu\u015ftu ve yeni bir meclis gerekli hale geldi.
\n2.\u00a0Mustafa Kemal\u00a0Milli M\u00fccadeleyi padi\u015fah ad\u0131na da y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00adt\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc s\u00f6yleme imkan\u0131 buldu.
\nTBMM’N\u0130N A\u00c7ILMASI (23 Nisan 1920)<\/strong>
\n\u00d8\u00a0Mustafa Kemal, Milleti temsil edecek bir meclis olu\u015fturmak i\u00e7in \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalara ba\u015flam\u0131\u015f, \u0130stanbul’daki milletvekillerinin de Anadolu’ya ge\u00e7mesini sa\u011flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.
\n\u00d8 Bo\u015f kalan milletvekillikleri se\u00e7imle dolduruldu.
\n\u00d8 23 Nisan 1920’de Meclis Ankara’da a\u00e7\u0131ld\u0131.
\n\u00d8 B\u00f6ylece Amasya Genelgesi’nde de belirtildi\u011fi gibi milletin, gelece\u011fi ile ilgili kararlar\u0131 kendisinin alabilece\u011fi bir meclis a\u00e7\u0131lm\u0131\u015f oluyordu.\u00a0Mustafa Kemal\u00a0meclis ba\u015fkan\u0131 se\u00e7ildi.
\n\u00d8 Ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7ta Kurucu Meclis ad\u0131 verilmesine ra\u011fmen tepkiler\u00adden \u00e7ekinildi\u011fi i\u00e7in yeni kurulan bu meclise Ola\u011fan\u00fcst\u00fc Meclis ad\u0131 verildi.<\/p>\n

NOT: KURUCU MECL\u0130S:<\/strong>\u00a0Yeni bir devlet kurmak amac\u0131yla kurulu\u015f i\u00e7in gerekli kararlan alan, yeni anayasa yapan ve yeni devle\u00adtin esaslar\u0131n\u0131 belirleyen heyet temsilcilerinden olu\u015fan bir meclistir.<\/p>\n

TBMM’N\u0130N ALDI\u011eI \u0130LK KARARLAR.<\/strong>
\n1. H\u00fck\u00fcmet kurmak zorunludur.
\n2. Ge\u00e7ici devlet ba\u015fkan\u0131 veya padi\u015fah vekili atama do\u011fru de\u011fildir.
\n3. Meclis ba\u015fkan\u0131 ayn\u0131 zamanda h\u00fck\u00fcmetinde ba\u015fkan\u0131d\u0131r,
\n4. Yasama, y\u00fcr\u00fctme, yarg\u0131 yetkileri meclise aittir.
\n5. Padi\u015fah ve halifenin durumunu meclis belirleyecektir.
\n6. Meclis, y\u00fcr\u00fctme yetkisini h\u00fck\u00fcmet arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 ile kullan\u0131r.
\n7. T\u00fcrkiye devleti TBMM taraf\u0131ndan y\u00f6netilir ve h\u00fck\u00fcmeti TBMM h\u00fck\u00fcmeti ad\u0131n\u0131 al\u0131r.
\n8. TBMM’nin \u00fcst\u00fcnde herhangi bir g\u00fc\u00e7 yoktur.<\/p>\n

Kararlar\u0131n Yorumu
\n\u00d8 Yeni T\u00fcrk devleti resmen kuruldu.
\n\u00d8 Meclis ge\u00e7ici de\u011fil, s\u00fcreklidir.
\n\u00d8 Milletin egemenli\u011fi kesin olarak ger\u00e7ekle\u015fti.
\n\u00d8 G\u00fc\u00e7ler birli\u011fi esas\u0131 benimsendi.
\n\u00d8 Meclis h\u00fck\u00fcmeti sistemi kabul edildi.
\n\u00d8\u00a0Mustafa Kemal, hem meclis hem h\u00fck\u00fcmet ba\u015fkan\u0131 oldu.
\n\u00d8 Meclisin tek amac\u0131 vatan\u0131 kurtarmakt\u0131r. Bu y\u00fczden mebuslar aras\u0131ndaki fikir ayr\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 g\u00fcn y\u00fcz\u00fcne \u00e7\u0131kmam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.
\n\u00d8 Meclis a\u00e7\u0131l\u0131nca Temsil Heyeti’nin g\u00f6revi sona erdi.<\/p>\n

TBMM’NE KAR\u015eI \u00c7IKAN AYAKLANMALAR<\/strong><\/p>\n

Bu ayaklanmalar\u0131 4 grupta toplamak m\u00fcmk\u00fcnd\u00fcr.<\/p>\n

I. \u0130STANBUL H\u00dcK\u00dcMET\u0130N\u0130N \u00c7IKARDI\u011eI AYAKLANMALAR:<\/strong>
\na) Anzavur ayaklanmas\u0131:
\n+ Ahmet Anzavurun Bal\u0131kesir, Band\u0131rma civar\u0131ndaki ayaklanmas\u0131d\u0131r.
\n+ \u0130tilaf devletlerinden destek alm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.
\n+ \u00c7erkez Ethem taraf\u0131ndan bast\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131.<\/p>\n

b) Kuvay-i \u0130nzibatiye:
\n+ Adapazar\u0131, Geyve dolaylar\u0131nda g\u00f6r\u00fcld\u00fc.
\n+\u00a0Ali Fuat Pa\u015fa\u00a0taraf\u0131ndan bast\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131.
\n+ Hilafet ordusu olarak da bilinir.
\n+ Anzavur kuvvetleriyle i\u015fbirli\u011fi yapt\u0131lar.<\/p>\n

II. \u0130STANBUL H\u00dcK\u00dcMET\u0130 VE \u0130\u015eGAL DEVLETLER\u0130N\u0130N BERABER \u00c7IKARDI\u011eI AYAKLANMALAR.<\/strong>
\n+ Bolu-D\u00fczce-Hendek-Adapazar\u0131 ayaklanmas\u0131: Bu ayaklan\u00adman\u0131n esas amac\u0131 Anadolu ve \u0130stanbul aras\u0131nda tampon b\u00f6l\u00adge olu\u015fturmakt\u0131.
\n+\u00a0Ali Fuat Pa\u015fa\u00a0ve Refet Bey’in \u00e7abalar\u0131yla bast\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131.
\n+ Yozgat’ta \u00c7apano\u011fullan, Afyon’da \u00c7opur Musa, Konya’da Deliba\u015f isyanlar\u0131 bast\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131.
\n+ Milli A\u015firet isyan\u0131; Urfa’n\u0131n Frans\u0131zlar\u0131n i\u015fgalinden kurtar\u0131lma\u00ads\u0131nda yararlan g\u00f6r\u00fclen Milli A\u015firet daha sonralar\u0131 Frans\u0131zlar\u00adla i\u015fbirli\u011fi yaparak isyan \u00e7\u0131kard\u0131.<\/p>\n

III. AZINLIKLARIN \u00c7IKARDI\u011eI AYAKLANMALAR<\/strong>
\nBa\u015fta Rum ve Ermeniler olmak \u00fczere di\u011fer az\u0131nl\u0131klar\u0131n \u00e7\u0131\u00adkard\u0131\u011f\u0131 ayaklanmalard\u0131r. Sonu\u00e7ta ba\u015far\u0131l\u0131 olamad\u0131lar.<\/p>\n

IV. Kuvay-\u0131 Milliye Taraftarlar\u0131n\u0131n Ayaklanmalar\u0131
\nD\u00fczenli \u00f6rd\u00fc kurma \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131 \u00e7\u0131kan \u00c7erkez Et\u00adhem, Demirci Mehmet Efe gibi ki\u015filerin \u00e7\u0131kard\u0131\u011f\u0131 ayaklanmalar\u00add\u0131r.<\/p>\n

TBMM’N\u0130N ALDI\u011eI \u00d6NLEMLER<\/strong>
\n\u00d8 29 Nisan 1920’de Hiyanet-i Vataniye Kanunu \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131ld\u0131.
\n\u00d8 Vatana ihanet edenleri cezaland\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131. 18 Eyl\u00fcl 1920’de \u0130stiklal Mahkemeleri kuruldu.
\n\u00d8 TBMM’ye kar\u015f\u0131 olanlar\u0131n h\u0131zl\u0131 bir \u015fekilde cezaland\u0131r\u0131lma\u00ads\u0131 ve toplumsal d\u00fczeni tekrar sa\u011flamak
\n\u00d8 \u0130stanbul’dan Milli M\u00fccadele aleyhine al\u0131nan fetvalara kar\u00ad\u015f\u0131l\u0131k, Ankara’dan kar\u015f\u0131 fetvalar al\u0131nd\u0131.
\n\u00d8 Kuvay-i Milliye birlikleri kald\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131, d\u00fczenli ordu kuruldu.
\nSEVR ANTLA\u015eMASI (10 A\u011fustos 1920)<\/strong>
\n\u00d8 \u0130tilaf devletleri;\u00a0Osmanl\u0131\u00a0Devleti’nin topraklar\u0131n\u0131 payla\u015fma konusunda aralar\u0131nda anla\u015famad\u0131klar\u0131 i\u00e7in yapacaklar\u0131 bar\u0131\u015f antla\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131 geciktirmi\u015flerdi.
\n\u00d8 Mondros’a dayanarak Anadolu’yu i\u015fgal eden itilaf devletleri,son olarak Yunanl\u0131lar\u0131 destekleyerek Trakya’y\u0131 ve Anado\u00adlu’da Marmara k\u0131y\u0131lar\u0131na kadar olan yerleri i\u015fgal etmelerini sa\u011flad\u0131lar.
\n\u00d8 Ard\u0131ndan daha \u00f6nce haz\u0131rlad\u0131klar\u0131 Sevr tasla\u011f\u0131n\u0131 \u0130stanbul H\u00fck\u00fcmeti’ne sundular.
\n\u00d8 10 A\u011fustos 1920’de Damat Ferit h\u00fck\u00fcmeti Sevr Antla\u015fma\u00ads\u0131na imza att\u0131.
\nBuna g\u00f6re;
\n1) Anayolunun i\u00e7 kesirnleri ve antla\u015fman\u0131n di\u011fer \u015fartlar\u0131na uyulursa \u0130stanbul, \u0130stanbul h\u00fck\u00fcmetine verilecek.
\n2) Kapit\u00fclasyonlar b\u00fct\u00fcn devletlere verilecek.
\n3) Musul, Kerk\u00fck, Irak, Filistin; \u0130ngilizlere, Akdeniz b\u00f6lgesi; \u0130talyanlara, Trakya, B. Anadolu; Yunanistan\u0092a, G. Anadolu, Suri\u00adye, L\u00fcbnan; Frans\u0131zlara verilecektir.
\n4) Bo\u011fazlar b\u00fct\u00fcn devletlere a\u00e7\u0131lacak. Bo\u011fazlar komisyo\u00adnunda T\u00fcrk olmayacakt\u0131.
\n5) Askerlik mecburi hizmet olmaktan \u00e7\u0131kacak asker say\u0131s\u0131 50.000’den fazla olmayacak ve a\u011f\u0131r silahlar bulundurmayacak^.
\n6) Yemen ve Hicaz, Araplara b\u0131rak\u0131lacak,<\/p>\n

Yorum:
\n1)\u00a0Meclis-i Mebusan\u00a0onaylamad\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in \u00f6l\u00fc do\u011fan bir antla\u015f\u00admad\u0131r. (Osmanl\u0131\u00a0Anayasas\u0131na g\u00f6re, h\u00fck\u00fcmet\u00e7e imzalanan bar\u0131\u015f antla\u015fmalar\u0131n\u0131n parlamento taraf\u0131ndan onaylanmas\u0131 gerekiyor\u00addu.)
\n2) Bo\u011fazlarla ilgili bir komisyon ilk kez bu antla\u015fma ile orta\u00adya \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131.
\n3) I. D\u00fcnya sava\u015f\u0131ndan sonra imzalanan en son ve \u015fartlar\u0131 en a\u011f\u0131r antla\u015fmad\u0131r.
\n4) Antla\u015fmay\u0131 imzalayanlar TBMM taraf\u0131ndan vatan haini ilan edildi.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

KURTULU\u015e SAVA\u015eI (19 MAYIS 1919-11 EK\u0130M 1922) +\u00a0Mondros Ate\u015fkes Antla\u015fmas\u0131\u00a0imzaland\u0131\u011f\u0131nda Mustafa Ke\u00admal, Suriye cephesinde Yedinci ordu komutan\u0131 olarak g\u00f6rev yap\u0131yordu. + Ate\u015fkes imzaland\u0131ktan bir g\u00fcn sonra\u00a0Mustafa Kemal\u00a0Y\u0131ld\u0131r\u0131m Ordular\u0131 grup komutanl\u0131\u011f\u0131na getirildi. + Ancak birka\u00e7 g\u00fcn sonra bu ordu da\u011f\u0131t\u0131ld\u0131. Bunun \u00fczerine\u00a0Mustafa Kemal\u00a0ate\u015fkes gere\u011fi 13 Kas\u0131m 1918’de \u0130stanbul’a gelmi\u015ftir. + Ayn\u0131 g\u00fcn itilaf donanmas\u0131 da \u0130stanbul’a … Devam\u0131n\u0131 oku…<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1686,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[26],"tags":[12788,12787,12789,629,37],"class_list":["post-38176","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-tarih","tag-ali-fuat-pasa","tag-meclis-i-mebusan","tag-mondros-ateskes-antlasmasi","tag-mustafa-kemal","tag-osmanli"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/38176","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1686"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=38176"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/38176\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=38176"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=38176"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=38176"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}