{"id":3523,"date":"2011-11-21T21:38:35","date_gmt":"2011-11-21T19:38:35","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/?p=3523"},"modified":"2020-12-05T17:45:58","modified_gmt":"2020-12-05T14:45:58","slug":"maddelerle-kongreler-ve-gorusmeler","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/maddelerle-kongreler-ve-gorusmeler.html","title":{"rendered":"Maddelerle Kongreler ve G\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fmeler"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2>Maddelerle Kongreler ve G\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fmeler<\/h2>\n<h3><strong>Amasya G\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fmeleri\u00a0 (20-22 EK\u0130M 1919)<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>Ali R\u0131za Pa\u015fa Bahriye Naz\u0131r\u0131 Salih Pa\u015fa\u2019y\u0131 Amasya\u2019ya g\u00f6ndermi\u015f, Temsil heyeti ile 3 g\u00fcn s\u00fcren g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fmeler sonunda Salih Pa\u015fa, ileri s\u00fcr\u00fclen konular\u0131 \u015fahsen kabul etmi\u015f, \u0130stanbul H\u00fck\u00fcmeti\u2019ne de kabul ettirmeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015faca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 belirtmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n<p><strong>G\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fclen konular :<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul class=\"bs-shortcode-list list-style-check\">\n<li>Vatan\u0131n b\u00fct\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc, i\u015fgallere izin verilmemesi gerekti\u011fi<\/li>\n<li>Mebusan Meclisi\u2019nin \u0130stanbul d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda, g\u00fcvenli bir b\u00f6lgede toplanmas\u0131<\/li>\n<li>Temsil heyetinin haberi olmadan d\u00fc\u015fmanla bar\u0131\u015f g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fmelerine gidilmemesi<\/li>\n<li>Az\u0131nl\u0131klara dengeyi bozucu imtiyazlar verilmemesi<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>\u00d6nemi: <\/strong>\u0130stanbul H\u00fck\u00fcmeti, Amasya g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fmesine temsilci g\u00f6ndermekle, Temsil Heyetinin hu\u00adkuk\u00ee varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 resmen kabul etmi\u015f oluyordu<\/p>\n<p><strong>NOT: <\/strong>\u0130stanbul H\u00fck\u00fcmeti yukar\u0131da al\u0131nan karar\u00adlardan sadece Mebuslar Meclisi&#8217;nin toplanmas\u0131n\u0131 kabul etti. \u0130stanbul H\u00fck\u00fcmeti meclisin toplanmas\u0131 d\u0131\u015f\u0131ndaki konulara s\u0131cak bakmam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n<h3><strong>Amasya Genelgesi<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p><strong>Amac\u0131: <\/strong>Kurtulu\u015f m\u00fccadelesini ki\u015fisellikten \u00e7\u0131kararak ulusal bir temele oturtmak ve halka, i\u00e7inde bulundu\u011fu durum ile ne yap\u0131lmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fini aktarmak. Yani kurtulu\u015f sava\u015f\u0131n\u0131n gerek\u00e7e ve y\u00f6ntemini belirtmek<strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>Amasya Genelgesi Maddeleri:<\/strong><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul class=\"bs-shortcode-list list-style-check\">\n<li>Vatan\u0131n b\u00fct\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc milletin ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131 tehlikededir. (Gerek\u00e7e) (Ama\u00e7)<\/li>\n<li>\u0130stanbul H\u00fck\u00fcmeti \u00fczerine d\u00fc\u015fen g\u00f6revi yerine getirmemektedir. Bu durum Milletimizi yok olmu\u015f g\u00f6stermektedir.( Gerek\u00e7e)<strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/li>\n<li>Milletin ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 yine milletin azim ve kararl\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 kurtaracakt\u0131r. (Y\u00f6ntem)<strong>\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0<\/strong><\/li>\n<li>Anadolu\u2019nun en g\u00fcvenli yeri olan Sivas\u2019ta milli bir kongre toplanacak, her ilden M\u00fcdafa-i Hukuk Cemiyeti\u2019nin se\u00e7ece\u011fi 3 delege kat\u0131lacakt\u0131r.<strong> (<\/strong>Y\u00f6ntem)<\/li>\n<li>Milletin hakl\u0131 sesini duyuracak bir kurula (Temsil Heyeti) ihtiya\u00e7 vard\u0131r (Y\u00f6ntem)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>\u00d6zellikleri<\/strong><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul class=\"bs-shortcode-list list-style-check\">\n<li>Milli M\u00fccadele hareketinin <strong>amac\u0131, gerek\u00e7esi ve y\u00f6ntemi<\/strong> ilk defa belirtilmi\u015ftir.<\/li>\n<li>Hukuki ve siyasi y\u00f6nden yeni T\u00fcrk devletinin temel dayanaklar\u0131ndan biridir.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Milli egemenlik ve milli ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131k<\/strong> kavramlar\u0131ndan ilk defa s\u00f6z edilmi\u015ftir.<\/li>\n<li>Ulusal ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131k \u00f6n plana \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in genelge<\/li>\n<li>\u0130stanbul h\u00fck\u00fcmetini yok sayd\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131na ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in<strong> ihtilal<\/strong> niteli\u011fi ta\u015f\u0131r.<\/li>\n<li>Se\u00e7imden bahsedildi\u011fi i\u00e7in demokratikle\u015fme s\u00fcrecini ba\u015flatm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Genelge Sonras\u0131 Tepkiler<\/strong><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul class=\"bs-shortcode-list list-style-check\">\n<li>Mustafa Kemal \u0130stanbul H\u00fck\u00fcmeti taraf\u0131ndan derhal geri \u00e7a\u011fr\u0131ld\u0131<\/li>\n<li>\u0130tilaf Devletleri Mustafa Kemal\u2019in ve Milli m\u00fccadele hareketinin bertaraf edilmesi konusunda \u0130stanbul \u2018h\u00fck\u00fcmetine bask\u0131 yapt\u0131<\/li>\n<li>Mustafa Kemal resmi askerlik g\u00f6revinden istifa etti.<\/li>\n<li>Amasya Genelgesi Anadolu da heyecan ve inan\u00e7 yaratt\u0131.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><strong>Erzurum Kongresi\u00a0<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p><strong>Kongrenin Toplan\u0131\u015f Amac\u0131:<\/strong><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul class=\"bs-shortcode-list list-style-check\">\n<li>Do\u011fu Anadolu B\u00f6lgesinde bir Ermeni ya da Rum devletinin kurulmas\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6nlemek Erzurum Kongresinin temel toplan\u0131\u015f amac\u0131d\u0131r.<\/li>\n<li>G\u00f6\u00e7\u00fc \u00f6nleyerek T\u00fcrklerin b\u00f6lgede az\u0131nl\u0131kta kalmas\u0131n\u0131 engellemek<strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Erzurum Kongresi Kararlar\u0131<\/strong><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul class=\"bs-shortcode-list list-style-check\">\n<li>Milli s\u0131n\u0131rlar i\u00e7inde vatan bir b\u00fct\u00fcnd\u00fcr b\u00f6l\u00fcnemez<\/li>\n<li>Kuva-i Milliye\u2019yi etkin milli iradeyi etkin k\u0131lmak esast\u0131r.<\/li>\n<li>Az\u0131nl\u0131klara siyasal ve sosyal dengemizi bozucu ayr\u0131cal\u0131klar verilemez.<\/li>\n<li>Manda ve himaye kabul edilemez.( Manda ve himaye ilk kez red edilmi\u015ftir.)<\/li>\n<li>Vatan\u0131n kurtar\u0131lmas\u0131nda \u0130stanbul H\u00fck\u00fcmeti yetersiz kal\u0131rsa\u00a0<strong>ge\u00e7ici h\u00fck\u00fcmet kurulacakt\u0131r<\/strong><\/li>\n<li>Toplanacak olan ulusal g\u00fc\u00e7ler Padi\u015fah ve Hilafet Makamlar\u0131n\u0131 da koruyacakt\u0131r.<\/li>\n<li>S\u00f6m\u00fcrgecilik amac\u0131 ta\u015f\u0131mayan ulusal ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131za sayg\u0131l\u0131 olan devletlerden yard\u0131m al\u0131nabilir.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Erzurum Kongresinin \u00d6nemi<\/strong><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul class=\"bs-shortcode-list list-style-check\">\n<li><strong>Erzurum Kongresi toplan\u0131\u015f\u0131 bak\u0131m\u0131ndan, yerel ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 kararlar bak\u0131m\u0131ndan ulusal nitelik ta\u015f\u0131r<\/strong><\/li>\n<li>Do\u011fu Anadolu cemiyetleri birle\u015ftirilerek ulusal \u00f6rg\u00fctlenmenin ilk fiili ad\u0131m\u0131 at\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r<\/li>\n<li><strong>T\u00fcrk tarihinde ilk kez vatan\u0131n milli s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131 tan\u0131mlanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong>Manda ve himaye ilk kez reddedilmi\u015ftir<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Ge\u00e7ici h\u00fck\u00fcmet ifadesi ile Heyet<\/strong>-i<strong>\u00a0Temsiliye\u00a0<\/strong>resmiyet kazanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/li>\n<li>Az\u0131nl\u0131k haklar\u0131na ilk kez tepki g\u00f6sterilmi\u015ftir.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Erzurum Kongresi Sonras\u0131 Tepkiler<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul class=\"bs-shortcode-list list-style-check\">\n<li>Do\u011fu Anadolu\u2019daki bu faaliyet Bat\u0131 Anadolu\u2019nun m\u00fccadele azmini artt\u0131rd\u0131.<\/li>\n<li>Damat Ferit h\u00fck\u00fcmeti Mustafa Kemali tutuklama emri \u00e7\u0131kard\u0131<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><strong>Sivas\u00a0Kongresi<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p><strong>Kongrenin Toplan\u0131\u015f Amac\u0131:<\/strong><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul class=\"bs-shortcode-list list-style-check\">\n<li>Milli m\u00fccadele hareketini yerellikten \u00e7\u0131kararak ulusal nitelik kazanmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flamak<\/li>\n<li>Milli m\u00fccadele hareketini birle\u015ftirerek tek bir merkezden birlik i\u00e7inde y\u00f6netilmesini sa\u011flamakt\u0131r.<strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Sivas Kongresi Kararlar\u0131:<\/strong><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul class=\"bs-shortcode-list list-style-check\">\n<li>Erzurum Kongresinde al\u0131nan kararlar aynen kabul edilmi\u015ftir<\/li>\n<li>Manda ve himaye son kez kesin olarak reddedilmi\u015ftir.<\/li>\n<li>Milli cemiyetler <strong>Anadolu ve Rumeli M\u00fcdafaa-i Hukuk Cemiyeti <\/strong>ad\u0131 alt\u0131nda birle\u015ftirilmi\u015ftir.<strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><u>\u00c7ok \u00d6nemli Not<\/u>: Anadolu ve Rumeli M\u00fcdafaa-i Hukuk Cemiyeti<\/strong>\u2019nin kurulu\u015f amac\u0131 milli m\u00fccadele hareketinin yerellikten \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131larak t\u00fcm ulusa yay\u0131lmas\u0131 ve milli m\u00fccadelenin idaresini kolayla\u015ft\u0131rmakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n<ul class=\"bs-shortcode-list list-style-check\">\n<li>Misak-\u0131 Milli\u2019nin temel esaslar\u0131 belirlendi.<\/li>\n<li>\u0130rade-i Milliye ad\u0131yla milli m\u00fccadele hareketinin anlat\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flayacak bir yay\u0131n organ\u0131 \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lmas\u0131 kararla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131.<\/li>\n<li>9 Ki\u015fiden olu\u015fan temsil heyeti 16 ki\u015fiye y\u00fckseltildi<\/li>\n<li>Meclis-i Mebus an\u2019\u0131n acilen toplanmas\u0131 istendi<\/li>\n<li>Ulusal ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z\u0131 zedelemeyen d\u0131\u015f yard\u0131mlar kabul edilir ( Sovyet Rusya kas\u0131t edilmi\u015ftir.)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Sivas Kongresinin \u00d6nemi<\/strong><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul class=\"bs-shortcode-list list-style-check\">\n<li>Milli birlik ve beraberlik yolunda at\u0131lm\u0131\u015f en \u00f6nemli ad\u0131md\u0131r.<\/li>\n<li>\u00dclkenin her taraf\u0131ndan delegelerin kat\u0131lmas\u0131 kongreye ulusal bir nitelik kazand\u0131rm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/li>\n<li>\u0130stanbul H\u00fck\u00fcmetine kar\u015f\u0131 oldu\u011fundan bu kongrede ihtilal \u00f6zelli\u011fi ta\u015f\u0131r.<\/li>\n<li>Mustafa Kemal resmen milli m\u00fccadelenin lideri oldu<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Maddelerle Kongreler ve G\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fmeler Amasya G\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fmeleri\u00a0 (20-22 EK\u0130M 1919) Ali R\u0131za Pa\u015fa Bahriye Naz\u0131r\u0131 Salih Pa\u015fa\u2019y\u0131 Amasya\u2019ya g\u00f6ndermi\u015f, Temsil heyeti ile 3 g\u00fcn s\u00fcren g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fmeler sonunda Salih Pa\u015fa, ileri s\u00fcr\u00fclen konular\u0131 \u015fahsen kabul etmi\u015f, \u0130stanbul H\u00fck\u00fcmeti\u2019ne de kabul ettirmeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015faca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 belirtmi\u015ftir. G\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fclen konular : Vatan\u0131n b\u00fct\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc, i\u015fgallere izin verilmemesi gerekti\u011fi Mebusan Meclisi\u2019nin \u0130stanbul d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda, g\u00fcvenli &#8230; <a title=\"Maddelerle Kongreler ve G\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fmeler\" class=\"read-more\" href=\"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/maddelerle-kongreler-ve-gorusmeler.html\" aria-label=\"More on Maddelerle Kongreler ve G\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fmeler\">Devam\u0131n\u0131 oku&#8230;<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[7,14,20],"tags":[1308,1309,234,233],"class_list":["post-3523","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-dn","category-sosyal-bilgiler","category-tc-ink-tarihi-ve-ataturkculuk","tag-amasya-genelgesi","tag-amasya-gorusmeleri","tag-erzurum-kongresi","tag-sivas-kongresi"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3523","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3523"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3523\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3523"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=3523"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=3523"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}