{"id":2217,"date":"2010-11-07T19:23:43","date_gmt":"2010-11-07T17:23:43","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/?p=2217"},"modified":"2010-11-07T19:23:44","modified_gmt":"2010-11-07T17:23:44","slug":"tanzimat-doneminde-siir","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/tanzimat-doneminde-siir.html","title":{"rendered":"Tanzimat d\u00f6neminde \u015fiir"},"content":{"rendered":"

Tanzimat<\/a> edebiyat\u0131 sanat\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131 her \u015feyden \u00f6nce \u015fiirin konusunu ve anlat\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 de\u011fi\u015ftirdiler. Nam\u0131k Kemal<\/a> “Lisan-i Osmani\u2019nin Edebiyat\u0131 Hakk\u0131nda Baz\u0131 M\u00fclahazalar\u201d isimli uzun makalesinde \u015fiirin, fikrin geli\u015fmesine ve halk\u0131n e\u011fitilmesine olan b\u00fcy\u00fck hizmetinden s\u00f6z eder. <\/p>\n

Divan<\/a> edebiyat\u0131n\u0131n ger\u00e7ekle ilgisizli\u011fine, yapmac\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131na, bo\u015flu\u011funa \u015fiddetle h\u00fccum eden Nam\u0131k Kemal, edebiyat\u0131n yeniden d\u00fczenlenmesini ister.<\/p>\n

Bunun i\u00e7inde her \u015feyden \u00f6nce yeni bir anlat\u0131m yolu, yeni bir dil bulunmas\u0131n\u0131 gerekli g\u00f6r\u00fcr. Dilin<\/a> bir an \u00f6nce konu\u015fma diline yakla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 gereklili\u011fini savunur. Buna ra\u011fmen Tanzimat \u015fiirinin dilinin sade oldu\u011funu s\u00f6ylemek zordur.<\/p>\n

Tanzimat \u015firinin Divan \u015fiirine ba\u011fl\u0131 kald\u0131\u011f\u0131 unsurlar daha \u00e7ok bi\u00e7im alan\u0131ndad\u0131r. Bu d\u00f6nemde halk \u015fiirine ve hece veznine olan ilgi biraz artm\u0131\u015fsa da divan \u015fiiri ve aruz eski hakimiyetini s\u00fcrd\u00fcrm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr.<\/p>\n

Divan \u015fiirinin naz\u0131m \u015fekilleri aynen kullan\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r (Gazel, kaside, terkib-i bent, m\u00fcseddes, murabba gibi \u015fekiller). <\/p>\n

\u015eiirin konusu de\u011fi\u015fmi\u015f, a\u015fk hasret, ayr\u0131l\u0131k gibi ki\u015fisel konular bir yana b\u0131rak\u0131lm\u0131\u015f; e\u015fitlik, \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fck, adalet, hukuk gibi toplumsal konulara \u00f6nem verilmi\u015fitir. Ancak bu daha \u00e7ok I.Tanzimat\u00e7\u0131lar denen \u015einasi<\/a>, Ziya Pa\u015fa, Nam\u0131k Kemal gibi sanat\u00e7\u0131larda g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcr.<\/p>\n

II.Tanzimat\u00e7\u0131lar denen Recaizade Mahmut Ekrem, Abdulhak Hamit, Samipa\u015fazade Sezai\u2019de ise ki\u015fisel konular yeniden ele al\u0131nm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. <\/p>\n

Sonu\u00e7 olarak Tanzimat D\u00f6nemi \u015eairleri;
\n* Her iki d\u00f6nem \u015fairleri bi\u00e7im y\u00f6n\u00fcnden Divan \u015fiiri gelene\u011fine ba\u011fl\u0131 kalm\u0131\u015flard\u0131r.
\n* Her iki d\u00f6nem \u015fairleri \u201cRomantizm\u201din etkisinde kalm\u0131\u015flard\u0131r. Bu d\u00f6nem \u015fiirinin Bat\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncesiyle klasizm ve romantizm edebi ak\u0131mlar\u0131yla ili\u015fkisi vard\u0131r.<\/p>\n

* 1.d\u00f6nem \u015fairleri \u201ctoplum i\u00e7in sanat\u201d anlay\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131; 2.d\u00f6nem \u015fairleri ise \u201csanat i\u00e7in sanat\u201d anlay\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131 benimsemi\u015flerdir.<\/p>\n

* 1.d\u00f6nem \u015fairleri \u201cvatan, millet, adalet\u201d gibi konular\u0131 ele al\u0131rken; 2. d\u00f6nemdekiler \u201ca\u015fk, do\u011fa, \u00f6l\u00fcm\u201d gibi konular\u0131 ele alm\u0131\u015flard\u0131r. Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla konu ve temada yenilik yapmay\u0131 ba\u015farm\u0131\u015flard\u0131r.<\/p>\n

* 1.d\u00f6nem \u015fairleri dilde sadele\u015fmeyi ama\u00e7lam\u0131\u015f ancak bunda ba\u015far\u0131l\u0131 olamam\u0131\u015flard\u0131r. 2. d\u00f6nem \u015fairleri ise a\u011f\u0131r olan bu dili daha da a\u011f\u0131rla\u015ft\u0131rm\u0131\u015flard\u0131r. \u015eiirde sanatl\u0131 s\u00f6yleyi\u015f her iki d\u00f6nem \u015fairleri i\u00e7in de ama\u00e7 olmaktan \u00e7\u0131km\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n

* \u0130ki d\u00f6nemin \u015fairleri de \u015fiirde par\u00e7a g\u00fczelli\u011fini b\u0131rak\u0131p b\u00fct\u00fcn g\u00fczelli\u011fine ve konu birli\u011fine \u00f6nem vermi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

* Aruz \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcs\u00fc kullan\u0131lmaya devam ederken az da olsa hece \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcs\u00fc kullan\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n

* Gazel, kaside, terkib-i bent gibi eski naz\u0131m \u015fekilleri kullan\u0131lmaya devam etmi\u015ftir.
\n\u00d6zellikle ikinci d\u00f6nem sanat\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131 yeni naz\u0131m \u015fekilleriyle \u015fiir yazmada ba\u015far\u0131l\u0131 olmu\u015flard\u0131r (A.Hamit Tahran, Recaizade Mahmut Ekrem ba\u015far\u0131l\u0131d\u0131r).<\/p>\n

* Tanzimat \u015fairleri bireysel duygu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnce ve anlat\u0131ma \u00f6nem vermi\u015f, b\u00f6ylece T\u00fcrk edebiyat\u0131na Bat\u0131\u2019daki bireyci anlay\u0131\u015f\u0131 getirmi\u015flerdir. <\/p>\n

<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

\"Enhanced<\/a>
\n