{"id":217,"date":"2009-01-01T20:09:33","date_gmt":"2009-01-01T18:09:33","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/?p=217"},"modified":"2009-01-01T20:09:33","modified_gmt":"2009-01-01T18:09:33","slug":"saruhanogullari-saruhanoglu-saruhanli-saruhan-beyligi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/saruhanogullari-saruhanoglu-saruhanli-saruhan-beyligi.html","title":{"rendered":"Saruhano\u011fullar\u0131 (Saruhano\u011flu, Saruhanl\u0131, Saruhan) Beyli\u011fi"},"content":{"rendered":"

Saruhano\u011fullar\u0131 (Saruhano\u011flu, Saruhanl\u0131, Saruhan) Beyli\u011fi<\/strong><\/span>
\nOn d\u00f6rd\u00fcnc\u00fc y\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131n ba\u015flar\u0131nda, Manisa ve \u00e7evresinde kurulan T\u00fcrk beyli\u011fi. Aslen Harezmli olup, T\u00fcrkiye Sel\u00e7uklular\u0131n\u0131n hizmetine giren Saruhan Bey taraf\u0131ndan kurulmu\u015ftur.
\nAnadolu\u2019nun Mo\u011fol istil\u00e2s\u0131na u\u011frad\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve T\u00fcrkiye Sel\u00e7uklu Devleti’nin zay\u0131flamaya maruz kald\u0131\u011f\u0131 y\u0131llarda, say\u0131s\u0131z T\u00fcrkmen gruplar\u0131, Bat\u0131 Anadolu b\u00f6lgesine gelerek, bu b\u00f6lgelerdeki Bizans \u015fehir ve kasabalar\u0131n\u0131 ele ge\u00e7irmeye ba\u015flad\u0131lar. T\u00fcrkiye Sel\u00e7uklu sultan\u0131 \u0130kinci Mesud\u2019un \u00fcmeras\u0131ndan olan Saruhan Bey’in de, 1302\u2019den itibaren u\u00e7ta, faaliyetlere giri\u015fti\u011fi g\u00f6r\u00fclmektedir. Saruhan Bey’in, 1305\u2019te Manisa \u015fehrini abluka alt\u0131na almas\u0131 ve k\u0131y\u0131 ucunda faaliyetlerini artt\u0131rmas\u0131 \u00fczerine, Bizans \u0130mparatoru \u0130kinci Andronikos, Bat\u0131 Anadolu\u2019ya o\u011flu IX. Mihail\u2019i g\u00f6nderdi. Bu prens, Katalan kuvvetlerinin deste\u011fiyle Manisa\u2019ya kadar geldiyse de, Saruhan Bey kuvvetlerine kar\u015f\u0131 duramayaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 anlay\u0131nca, kaleyi sa\u011flamla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131p sahile \u00e7ekildi. Katalanlar\u0131n, b\u00f6lgeyi terk etmelerinden sonra, Manisa\u2019ya kar\u015f\u0131 h\u00fccumlar\u0131n\u0131 artt\u0131ran Saruhan Bey, 1308 y\u0131l\u0131na kadar civar kasaba ve k\u00f6yleri ele ge\u00e7irdikten sonra, nihayet 1313\u2019te, T\u00fcrklerin Le\u015fkeri\u015f ili dedikleri Manisa\u2019y\u0131 fethetti. Manisa\u2019n\u0131n fethine, karde\u015fi \u00c7u\u011fa Bey ile Ali Pa\u015fa da kat\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Manisa\u2019n\u0131n fethiyle buras\u0131n\u0131 kendisine merkez yapan Saruhan Bey, karde\u015fi \u00c7u\u011fa Beye Demirci ve y\u00f6resini, di\u011fer karde\u015fi Ali Pa\u015faya ise, Nif\u2019in (Mustafakemalpa\u015fa) idaresini vermi\u015ftir. Bundan sonra, hudutlar\u0131n\u0131 Ege Denizi sahiline kadar geni\u015fleten Saruhan Bey, denizcili\u011fe de ba\u015flad\u0131. Donanma kurdu (Bkz. T\u00fcrklerde Denizcilik). Manisa d\u00e2hil Adalar, Akhisar, G\u00f6rdes, G\u00f6nd\u00fck, Il\u0131ca\/Turgutlu, Kayac\u0131k, Marmara\/Zarhaniyet, Menemen, G\u00fczelhisar ve Mendehorya\u2019ya h\u00e2kim oldu. Saruhanl\u0131 kuvvetleri, Fo\u00e7a\u2019daki Rum ve L\u00e2tinleri, bask\u0131 alt\u0131nda tuttular. Fo\u00e7al\u0131lar, antla\u015fma istediler. Saruhan Bey, y\u0131ll\u0131k on be\u015f bin g\u00fcm\u00fc\u015f ak\u00e7e hara\u00e7 vergi kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 antla\u015fma yapt\u0131.<\/p>\n

Saruhano\u011fullar\u0131, do\u011fuda Germiyan, kuzeyde Karesi, g\u00fcneyde Ayd\u0131no\u011fullar\u0131 beylikleriyle \u00e7evrildi\u011finden, fetihleri sahil y\u00f6n\u00fcndeydi. Ege adalar\u0131 ve Balkanlara sefer yapmay\u0131 pl\u00e2nlad\u0131lar. Donanmay\u0131 kuvvetlendirip, harp filosu kurdular. Saruhan Bey, 1334\u2019te Ayd\u0131no\u011flu Umur Bey’le ittifak edip, iki y\u00fcz yetmi\u015f gemiden meydana gelen m\u00fcttefik T\u00fcrk donanmas\u0131yla, Yunanistan\u2019a \u00e7\u0131karma yapt\u0131. Bu seferde Saruhan donanmas\u0131na, Saruhan Beyin o\u011flu S\u00fcleyman Bey kumanda etti. Bu s\u0131rada, Bizans\u2019\u0131n Fo\u00e7a Valisi Dominik isyan edip, Midilli\u2019yi i\u015fgal etti. Dominik, Saruhano\u011flu \u015eehzade S\u00fcleyman ve baz\u0131 adamlar\u0131n\u0131 hileyle esir etti. S\u00fcleyman Bey, Bizans \u0130mparatoru III. Andronikos Paleologos\u2019un vas\u0131tas\u0131 ve Saruhanl\u0131 kuvvetlerinin, Rum ve L\u00e2tinlere bask\u0131s\u0131yla kurtar\u0131ld\u0131.<\/p>\n

Saruhan Bey, Bizans \u0130paratoru III. Andronikos\u2019un 1341\u2019de \u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc \u00fczerine, Gelibolu\u2019ya \u00e7\u0131kartma yapt\u0131. Gelibolu\u2019dan \u00e7ok ganimet ald\u0131. Bizans\u2019ta taht m\u00fccadelesi ba\u015flay\u0131nca, Kolonici L\u00e2tinler \u0130zmir\u2019i ald\u0131lar. Saruhan Beyin m\u00fcttefiki Ayd\u0131no\u011flu Umur Bey, Bizans devlet adam\u0131 Kantakuzenos\u2019un imparatorluk m\u00fccadelesinde yard\u0131m iste\u011fine kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k vermek \u00fczere, Saruhanl\u0131 topraklar\u0131ndan ge\u00e7i\u015f hakk\u0131 istedi. Saruhan Bey, Umur Beye, iki beylik aras\u0131ndaki hudut ihtilafl\u0131 topraklar\u0131 vermesi \u015fart\u0131yla ge\u00e7i\u015f hakk\u0131 verdi. Saruhanl\u0131 donanmas\u0131ndan bir filo da S\u00fcleyman Bey kumandas\u0131nda, Ayd\u0131no\u011flu Umur Beyin donanmas\u0131na kat\u0131ld\u0131. Umur Bey, Rumeli\u2019ye ge\u00e7ip, Kantakuzenos ile birle\u015ftiyse de, S\u00fcleyman Bey, 1345\u2019te K\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck\u00e7ekmece civar\u0131nda hummaya tutularak vefat etti.<\/p>\n

Ayn\u0131 sene Saruhan Beyin de vefat\u0131 \u00fczerine, beyli\u011fin ba\u015f\u0131na o\u011flu Fahreddin \u0130lyas Bey ge\u00e7ti. Bizans \u0130mparatori\u00e7esi Anna, 1345\u2019te Kantakuzenos\u2019a kar\u015f\u0131, \u0130lyas Beyle bir ittifak antla\u015fmas\u0131 yapt\u0131. \u0130lyas Beyin vefat tarihi tespit edilemedi\u011finden, ka\u00e7 y\u0131l beylik yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 bilinmemektedir.<\/p>\n

Saruhano\u011fullar\u0131n\u0131n \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc beyi, Muzaffer\u00fcddin \u0130shak Beydir. \u0130shak Bey, imar faaliyetlerinde bulunup, 1380\u2019de medrese, Koyunk\u00f6pr\u00fcs\u00fc-\u00c7apraslar mahallelerinde, birer \u00e7e\u015fme ve iki hamam yapt\u0131rd\u0131. 1388\u2019de vefat edince, yerine o\u011flu H\u0131z\u0131r\u015fah ge\u00e7ti.<\/p>\n

H\u0131z\u0131r\u015fah, Ha\u00e7l\u0131larla devaml\u0131 m\u00fccadele eden Osmanl\u0131 Devleti’yle iyi m\u00fcnasebetler kurdu. 1389 Kosova Meydan Muharebesi’nde Osmanl\u0131lara yard\u0131mc\u0131 kuvvet g\u00f6nderdi. H\u0131z\u0131r\u015fah\u2019\u0131n beyli\u011fini, karde\u015fi Orhan Bey, kabul etmeyerek, saltanat m\u00fccadelesine giri\u015fti. Orhan Bey, Osmanl\u0131lar\u0131n Anadolu birli\u011fine de kar\u015f\u0131 \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131. Osmanl\u0131 Sultan\u0131 Birinci Bayezid Han, 1390\u2019da Manisa\u2019y\u0131 al\u0131p \u015fehzade sanca\u011f\u0131 yapt\u0131. Saruhano\u011flu Orhan Bey, 1402 Ankara Sava\u015f\u0131’nda, Timur Han’\u0131n saf\u0131nda yer ald\u0131. Saruhan askerleri, Osmanl\u0131 ordusundan ayr\u0131l\u0131p, Orhan Beyin yan\u0131na gittiler. Saruhan Beyli\u011fi, Ankara Harbinden sonra, 1402\u2019de tekrar kuruldu. Timur Han, Orhan Beyi Saruhan Beyli\u011fine getirdiyse de, H\u0131z\u0131r\u015fah, Saruhan Beyli\u011fine tekrar hakim oldu. H\u0131z\u0131r\u015fah, Osmanl\u0131lar\u0131n Fetret devrinde, Emir S\u00fcleyman\u2019\u0131n saf\u0131n\u0131 tuttu. \u00c7elebi Mehmed, 1410\u2019da karde\u015fini ve m\u00fcttefiklerini yendi. H\u0131z\u0131r\u015fah, Manisa\u2019da yakalan\u0131p, cezaland\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131. Saruhano\u011fullar\u0131 topraklar\u0131, Osmanl\u0131 h\u00e2kimiyetine ge\u00e7ip, 1410\u2019da beylik y\u0131k\u0131ld\u0131.<\/p>\n

Saruhano\u011fullar\u0131, h\u00fck\u00fcm s\u00fcrd\u00fckleri topraklar \u00fczerinde bir\u00e7ok imar faaliyetlerinde bulundular. Camiler, medreseler, k\u00f6pr\u00fcler yapt\u0131rd\u0131lar. Bunlar aras\u0131nda bilhassa Saruhan Beyin Gediz \u00fczerinde yapt\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131 k\u00f6pr\u00fcyle Manisa\u2019da bir mescit ve \u00e7e\u015fmesi, H\u0131z\u0131r Beye ait Manisa\u2019da Ulu Cami, Mevlev\u00eeh\u00e2ne ve medresesi dikkati \u00e7ekmektedir.<\/p>\n

Saruhano\u011fullar\u0131, L\u00e2tinlerle ticar\u00ee m\u00fcnasebet kurduklar\u0131ndan, jigliati denilen L\u00e2tin harfli, resimli g\u00fcm\u00fc\u015f sikke kestirmi\u015flerdir. \u0130shak, H\u0131z\u0131r\u015fah ve Orhan Beylerin \u0130slam\u00ee sikkeleri de ele ge\u00e7mi\u015ftir. Saruhano\u011fullar\u0131, donanmalar\u0131yla faaliyette bulunarak pek \u00e7ok ganimet mal\u0131 elde ettikleri gibi, bat\u0131 devletleriyle ticar\u00ee m\u00fcnasebetlerde de bulunmu\u015flard\u0131r. Saruhano\u011fullar\u0131, devirlerinde yaz\u0131> eserlerle de T\u00fcrk\u00e7e’ye b\u00fcy\u00fck hizmet etmi\u015flerdir. Yakub bin Devlethan\u2019\u0131n emriyle, N\u00e2s\u0131r\u00fcddin T\u00fbs\u00ee taraf\u0131ndan on sekiz b\u00e2b \u00fczerine tertip edilmi\u015f olan B\u00e2hn\u00e2me, T\u00fcrk\u00e7e\u2019ye \u00e7evrilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Saruhano\u011fullar\u0131 (Saruhano\u011flu, Saruhanl\u0131, Saruhan) Beyli\u011fi On d\u00f6rd\u00fcnc\u00fc y\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131n ba\u015flar\u0131nda, Manisa ve \u00e7evresinde kurulan T\u00fcrk beyli\u011fi. Aslen Harezmli olup, T\u00fcrkiye Sel\u00e7uklular\u0131n\u0131n hizmetine giren Saruhan Bey taraf\u0131ndan kurulmu\u015ftur. Anadolu\u2019nun Mo\u011fol istil\u00e2s\u0131na u\u011frad\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve T\u00fcrkiye Sel\u00e7uklu Devleti’nin zay\u0131flamaya maruz kald\u0131\u011f\u0131 y\u0131llarda, say\u0131s\u0131z T\u00fcrkmen gruplar\u0131, Bat\u0131 Anadolu b\u00f6lgesine gelerek, bu b\u00f6lgelerdeki Bizans \u015fehir ve kasabalar\u0131n\u0131 ele ge\u00e7irmeye ba\u015flad\u0131lar. T\u00fcrkiye … Devam\u0131n\u0131 oku…<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[7,26],"tags":[50,28,70,69,37],"class_list":["post-217","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-dn","category-tarih","tag-anla","tag-antlasma","tag-beyler","tag-beylikler","tag-osmanli"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/217","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=217"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/217\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=217"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=217"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=217"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}