{"id":1919,"date":"2010-04-14T18:47:13","date_gmt":"2010-04-14T16:47:13","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/?p=1919"},"modified":"2010-04-14T18:47:13","modified_gmt":"2010-04-14T16:47:13","slug":"cumhuriyetin-temel-ilkeleri","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/cumhuriyetin-temel-ilkeleri.html","title":{"rendered":"Cumhuriyetin Temel \u0130lkeleri"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"> Demokratik Devlet<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li> Demokrasi; egemenli\u011fin kay\u0131ts\u0131z \u015farts\u0131z millete ait olmas\u0131d\u0131r.<\/li>\n<li> Demokrasilerde belli d\u00f6nemlerde yap\u0131lan se\u00e7imlerle halk temsilcilerini belirler. B\u00f6ylece millet temsilcileri arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 ile kendi kendini y\u00f6\u00adnetir.<\/li>\n<li> Vatanda\u015flar kanunlara g\u00f6re se\u00e7me ve se\u00ad\u00e7ilme hakk\u0131n\u0131 kullan\u0131r. Herhangi bir bask\u0131 olma\u00addan istedi\u011fi siyasi partiye oyunu verir. Ayn\u0131 zamanda istedi\u011fi siyasi partiye \u00fcye olabilir ve partisi i\u00e7in \u00e7al\u0131\u015fabilir.<\/li>\n<li> Herkesin e\u015fit oy hakk\u0131 vard\u0131r. Se\u00e7imlerde oylama gizli, oy say\u0131\u00adm\u0131 ise a\u00e7\u0131k yap\u0131l\u0131r. \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Demokrasilerde, devleti y\u00f6\u00adnetme yetkisi hi\u00e7bir zaman bir ki\u015fiye veya belirli bir z\u00fcmreye b\u0131rak\u0131lamaz.<\/li>\n<li> Demokrasilerde, ki\u015filer \u00f6zg\u00fcrce d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcr ve d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc ifade eder.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Demokrasinin Temel <\/strong><strong>\u0130<\/strong><strong>lkeleri Mill<\/strong><strong>\u00ee<\/strong><strong> Egemenlik<\/strong><\/li>\n<li>Demokraside egemenlik millete aittir. Mil\u00adlet bu hakk\u0131n\u0131 temsilcileri (milletvekilleri) arac\u0131l\u0131\u00ad\u011f\u0131yla kullan\u0131r. Y\u00f6netenler, g\u00fcc\u00fcn\u00fc milletten al\u0131r. Hi\u00e7bir kimse, zorla i\u015f ba\u015f\u0131na gelemez. Bu esas, anayasam\u0131zda \u015f\u00f6yle belirtilmi\u015ftir: <strong>&#8220;Egemenlik kay<\/strong><strong>\u0131<\/strong><strong>ts<\/strong><strong>\u0131<\/strong><strong>z <\/strong><strong>\u015f<\/strong><strong>arts<\/strong><strong>\u0131<\/strong><strong>z milletindir.&#8221;<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong> H<\/strong><strong>\u00fc<\/strong><strong>rriyet ve E<\/strong><strong>\u015f<\/strong><strong>itlik<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Demokraside, h\u00fcrriyet ve e\u015fitlik esast\u0131r. <strong>H<\/strong><strong>\u00fc<\/strong><strong>rriyet, <\/strong>ba\u015fkalar\u0131na zarar vermeden her \u015feyi yapabilmektir. B\u00fct\u00fcn insanlar h\u00fcrd\u00fcr. Herkes, serbest\u00e7e d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcr ve d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncelerini a\u00e7\u0131klayabilir.<\/li>\n<li><strong>E<\/strong><strong>\u015f<\/strong><strong>itlik, <\/strong>hi\u00e7bir ayr\u0131m olmaks\u0131z\u0131n herkesin kanun \u00f6n\u00fcnde ayn\u0131 haklara sahip olmas\u0131d\u0131r. Hi\u00e7 kimseye din, dil, \u0131rk, cinsiyet, siyasi d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncesin\u00adden dolay\u0131 farkl\u0131 i\u015flem yap\u0131lamaz.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong> Siyasi Partiler<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Demokratik y\u00f6netimlerde, \u00fclke sorunlar\u0131\u00adn\u0131n \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm yollar\u0131 \u00fczerinde ayn\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnceyi payla\u00ad\u015fan insanlar bir <strong>siyasi parti <\/strong>kurabilirler. Vatan\u00adda\u015flar, bu siyasi partilerden birine \u00fcye olabilirler. \u00dclkemizde Kurtulu\u015f Sava\u015f\u0131&#8217;ndan sonra ilk kuru\u00adlan parti Halk F\u0131rkas\u0131&#8217;d\u0131r. F\u0131rka parti anlam\u0131na ge\u00adlir. Cumhuriyetin ilan\u0131ndan sonra partinin ad\u0131 <strong>Cumhuriyet Halk Partisi <\/strong>olmu\u015ftur.<\/li>\n<li>Siyasi partiler, anayasa ve ilgili kanun h\u00fc\u00adk\u00fcmlerine uygun olarak faaliyetlerini s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fcrler. Siyasi partilerin hepsi, devletin \u00fclkesi ve milletiyle b\u00f6l\u00fcnmez b\u00fct\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc kabul eder. \u0130nsan haklar\u0131\u00adna sayg\u0131l\u0131d\u0131r. Millet egemenli\u011fini esas al\u0131r. Demok\u00adratik ve laik cumhuriyet ilkelerine ba\u011fl\u0131d\u0131r.<\/li>\n<li>Demokrasilerde h\u00fck\u00fcmeti kurma g\u00f6revi, genellikle se\u00e7imler sonucunda en \u00e7ok milletvekil\u00adli\u011fi kazanan partiye verilir. H\u00fck\u00fcmeti kuran partiye <strong>iktidar partisi <\/strong>denir. Di\u011fer siyasi partiler ise <strong>mu\u00adhalefet partileri <\/strong>olarak adland\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r. Siyasi partiler, demokrasinin vazge\u00e7ilmez unsurlar\u0131ndand\u0131r.<\/li>\n<li><strong>1946 y<\/strong><strong>\u0131<\/strong><strong>l<\/strong><strong>\u0131<\/strong><strong>nda T<\/strong><strong>\u00fc<\/strong><strong>rkiye&#8217;de ilk kez birden fazla\u00a0 partinin kat<\/strong><strong>\u0131<\/strong><strong>ld<\/strong><strong>\u0131\u011f\u0131<\/strong><strong> se<\/strong><strong>\u00e7<\/strong><strong>imler sonucunda <\/strong><strong>\u00e7<\/strong><strong>ok\u00a0 partili hayata ge<\/strong><strong>\u00e7<\/strong><strong>ildi.<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong> <\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong> <span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">Hukuk Devleti<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li> Toplumun d\u00fczen i\u00e7inde ya\u015famas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011f\u00adlayan kurallar b\u00fct\u00fcn\u00fcne hukuk denir. Devlet b\u00fc\u00adt\u00fcn uygulamalar\u0131n\u0131 bu kurallara g\u00f6re yapar. Hu\u00adkuk devletinde herkes kanun \u00f6n\u00fcnde e\u015fittir. Devlet b\u00fct\u00fcn vatanda\u015flar\u0131na e\u015fit yak\u0131nl\u0131ktad\u0131r.<\/li>\n<li> Haks\u0131zl\u0131\u011fa u\u011frayan herkes mahkemeler arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 ile hakk\u0131n\u0131 arar. Hukuk devletinde hi\u00e7 kimse hukuksuzca bir davran\u0131\u015fta bulunamaz. Devlet bile ki\u015fi taraf\u0131ndan mahkemeye verilebi\u00adlir. E\u011fer devlet taraf\u0131ndan yap\u0131lan bir haks\u0131zl\u0131k varsa mahkemeler arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 ile giderilebilir.<\/li>\n<li> Hukuk devletinde, mahkemeler ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z olmak zorundad\u0131r. Herhangi bir kimsenin veya bir kurumun etkisi alt\u0131nda olamaz. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc mah\u00adkemeler adaletin da\u011f\u0131t\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 yerdir. E\u011fer mah\u00adkemelerin ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131 sa\u011flanmazsa adalet\u00adsizlikler ortaya \u00e7\u0131kabilir. Dolay\u0131s\u0131 ile mahkeme\u00adlerde g\u00fcc\u00fcn\u00fc kanunlardan almaktad\u0131r.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"> Laik Devlet<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li> Laiklik, devletin hukuk kurallar\u0131n\u0131n akla, bilime ve toplumun ihtiya\u00e7lar\u0131na dayal\u0131 olma\u00ads\u0131d\u0131r. Laik devletlerde din ve devlet i\u015fleri bir bi\u00adrinden ayr\u0131l\u0131r, vatanda\u015flara inan\u00e7 ve ibadet \u00f6z\u00adg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc tan\u0131r.<\/li>\n<li> Anayasam\u0131z\u0131n 24. maddesine g\u00f6re, T\u00fcrki\u00adye&#8217;de herkes istedi\u011fi dine inanmakta, istedi\u011fi ibadeti yapmakta \u00f6zg\u00fcrd\u00fcr. Hi\u00e7 kimse inanc\u0131n\u00addan dolay\u0131 veya yapm\u0131\u015f oldu\u011fu ibadetten dolay\u0131 k\u0131nanamaz ve su\u00e7lanamaz. Yine hi\u00e7 kimse laik d\u00fczeni y\u0131kmaya y\u00f6nelik herhangi bir faaliyette bulunmaz.<\/li>\n<li> Devlet hangi dine mensup olursa olsun vatanda\u015flar\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131 e\u015fit uygulamalar yapma\u00adl\u0131d\u0131r. Ve laik d\u00fczenin koruyucusu olmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><br class=\"spacer_\" \/><\/p>\n<p><strong> <span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">Sosyal Devlet<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li> T\u00fcrkiye Cumhuriyeti Devleti&#8217;nin en \u00f6nemli \u00f6zelliklerinden birisi de Sosyal Devlet anlay\u0131\u015f\u0131\u00adn\u0131n olmas\u0131d\u0131r. Devlet, dil, din, mezhep, \u0131rk, cin\u00adsiyet fark\u0131 g\u00f6zetmeksizin her vatanda\u015f\u0131n\u0131 e\u015fit kabul eder ve herkese hizmet g\u00f6t\u00fcrmeye \u00e7al\u0131\u00ad\u015f\u0131r. Sosyal devlet anlay\u0131\u015f\u0131nda devlet halk i\u00e7in \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131r ve halk i\u00e7in vard\u0131r.<\/li>\n<li> Devlet; e\u011fitim-\u00f6\u011fretim hizmetini, sa\u011fl\u0131k hizmetini, yol hizmetini, su hizmetini, elektrik hizmetini, ileti\u015fim hizmetini ve din hizmetini va\u00adtanda\u015flar\u0131na ula\u015ft\u0131rmak zorundad\u0131r. B\u00fct\u00fcn bu hizmetleri yaparken b\u00f6lge ayr\u0131m\u0131 yapmama\u00adl\u0131d\u0131r. \u00dclkenin do\u011fusuna, bat\u0131s\u0131na, g\u00fcneyine ve kuzeyine veya ilinden en k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck k\u00f6y\u00fcne kadar ayn\u0131 hizmetleri g\u00f6t\u00fcrmelidir.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"> Atat\u00fcrk Milliyet\u00e7ili\u011fi<\/span><\/strong><strong><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li> Cumhuriyet\u00e7ilik devletin kurucu ilkesidir. T\u00fcrkiye Cumhuriyeti Devleti T\u00fcrk milleti tara\u00adf\u0131ndan kurulmu\u015ftur. Millet; ayn\u0131 toprak par\u00e7as\u0131 \u00fczerinde ya\u015fayan, ayn\u0131 dili konu\u015fan, ayn\u0131 ge\u00e7\u00admi\u015fe sahip olan ve gelecekte de birlikte ya\u015fa\u00adma iste\u011finde olan insan toplulu\u011fudur. Milliyet\u00ad\u00e7ilik ise mensubu oldu\u011fu milleti yarar\u0131na ki\u00ad\u015finin yapm\u0131\u015f oldu\u011fu her t\u00fcrl\u00fc fedak\u00e2rl\u0131kt\u0131r. Ge\u00adreksiz yanan bir lambay\u0131 kapatmak, gereksiz a\u00e7\u0131k olan muslu\u011fu kapatmak en g\u00fczel milliyet\u00ad\u00e7ilik \u00f6rneklerindendir.<\/li>\n<li> Atat\u00fcrk milliyet\u00e7ili\u011fi birle\u015ftiricidir. T\u00fcrkiye s\u0131n\u0131r\u0131 i\u00e7erisinde ya\u015fayan b\u00fct\u00fcn vatanda\u015flar\u0131 ayn\u0131 samimi duygularla kucaklar. Irk\u00e7\u0131 milliyet\u00e7ilik anlay\u0131\u015f\u0131 de\u011fil k\u00fclt\u00fcr milliyet\u00e7ili\u011fi anlay\u0131\u015f\u0131 vard\u0131r. Nitekim Atat\u00fcrk&#8217;\u00fcn &#8220;Ne mutlu T\u00fcrk\u00fcm di\u00adyene&#8221; s\u00f6z\u00fc bu durumu a\u00e7\u0131klayan en g\u00fczel \u00f6r\u00adnektir. Kendini T\u00fcrk hisseden herkes T\u00fcrk mil\u00adletinin bir ferdidir.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Demokratik Devlet Demokrasi; egemenli\u011fin kay\u0131ts\u0131z \u015farts\u0131z millete ait olmas\u0131d\u0131r. Demokrasilerde belli d\u00f6nemlerde yap\u0131lan se\u00e7imlerle halk temsilcilerini belirler. B\u00f6ylece millet temsilcileri arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 ile kendi kendini y\u00f6\u00adnetir. Vatanda\u015flar kanunlara g\u00f6re se\u00e7me ve se\u00ad\u00e7ilme hakk\u0131n\u0131 kullan\u0131r. Herhangi bir bask\u0131 olma\u00addan istedi\u011fi siyasi partiye oyunu verir. Ayn\u0131 zamanda istedi\u011fi siyasi partiye \u00fcye olabilir ve partisi i\u00e7in \u00e7al\u0131\u015fabilir. Herkesin e\u015fit &#8230; <a title=\"Cumhuriyetin Temel \u0130lkeleri\" class=\"read-more\" href=\"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/cumhuriyetin-temel-ilkeleri.html\" aria-label=\"More on Cumhuriyetin Temel \u0130lkeleri\">Devam\u0131n\u0131 oku&#8230;<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[7,14],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1919","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-dn","category-sosyal-bilgiler"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1919","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1919"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1919\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1919"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1919"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1919"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}