{"id":1900,"date":"2010-04-12T18:29:07","date_gmt":"2010-04-12T16:29:07","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/?p=1900"},"modified":"2010-04-12T18:29:07","modified_gmt":"2010-04-12T16:29:07","slug":"turkiyede-tarimi-etkileyen-faktorler","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/turkiyede-tarimi-etkileyen-faktorler.html","title":{"rendered":"T\u00fcrkiye&#8217;de Tar\u0131m\u0131 Etkileyen Fakt\u00f6rler"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong> Tar<\/strong><strong>\u0131<\/strong><strong>m, <\/strong>insanlar\u0131n ihtiya\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131lamak amac\u0131yla topra\u011f\u0131 i\u015fleyerek \u00fcr\u00fcn elde etmesidir. Bu faaliyet, topraktan \u00e7e\u015fitli \u00fcr\u00fcnlerin elde edil\u00admesinin yan\u0131 s\u0131ra hayvanc\u0131l\u0131k ve ormanc\u0131l\u0131k faaliyetlerini de kapsar. \u00dclkemizde n\u00fcfusun yakla\u015f\u0131k yar\u0131s\u0131 (% 48,4) ge\u00e7imini tar\u0131mla sa\u011flamaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Cumhuriyet D<\/strong><strong>\u00f6<\/strong><strong>nemi&#8217;nde, <\/strong><strong>\u00fc<\/strong><strong>lkemizde tar\u0131m olanaklar<\/strong><strong>\u0131<\/strong><strong>n<\/strong><strong>\u0131<\/strong><strong> art<\/strong><strong>\u0131<\/strong><strong>rmak amac<\/strong><strong>\u0131<\/strong><strong>yla;<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u2022\u00a0 Sulama, g\u00fcbreleme ve tohum \u0131slah\u0131na \u00f6nem verilmi\u015f,<\/li>\n<li>\u2022\u00a0 Tar\u0131mda makinele\u015fme ile birlikte modern tar\u0131m y\u00f6ntemleri uygulanmaya ba\u015flanm\u0131\u015f,<\/li>\n<li>\u2022\u00a0 Ziraat Bankas\u0131, Toprak Mahsulleri Ofisi Tar\u0131m Kooperatifleri kurulmu\u015f,<\/li>\n<li>\u2022\u00a0 G\u00fcneydo\u011fu Anadolu Projesi (GAP) ile F\u0131rat ve Dicle nehirleri \u00fczerinde barajlar, hidroelektrik santralleri ve sulama tesisleri yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u00bb T\u00fcrkiye&#8217;de ekili ve dikili alanlar (tarlalar, sebze ve meyve bah\u00e7eleri, zeytinlikler ve nadas alanlar\u0131 topraklar\u0131m\u0131z\u0131n 1\/3&#8217;\u00fcn\u00fc olu\u015fturmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p>\u00bb T\u00fcrkiye&#8217;nin co\u011frafi b\u00f6lgelere g\u00f6re tar\u0131m alanlar\u0131n\u0131n oran\u0131 de\u011fi\u015fmektedir.\u00a0 Ekili ve dikili alanlar\u0131n b\u00f6lge y\u00fcz \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcmleri oran\u0131na g\u00f6re en fazla kaplad\u0131\u011f\u0131 b\u00f6lgemiz Marmara B\u00f6lgesi, en az yer b\u00f6lgemiz ise Do\u011fu Anadolu B\u00f6lgesidir<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><strong>TAR<\/strong><\/span><strong><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">I<\/span><\/strong><strong><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">M<\/span><\/strong><strong><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">I<\/span><\/strong><strong><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"> ETK\u0130LEYEN FAKT<\/span><\/strong><strong><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">\u00d6<\/span><\/strong><strong><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">RLER<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong> \u2022<\/strong><strong> Toprak ve bak<\/strong><strong>\u0131<\/strong><strong>m<\/strong><strong>\u0131<\/strong><strong>: <\/strong>Toprak, tar\u0131m faali\u00adyetleri \u00fczerinde etkili olan en \u00f6nemli fakt\u00f6rlerden biridir. Topraktan en verimli \u015fekilde yararlanmak i\u00e7in teknolojik yeniliklerin uygulanmas\u0131 gerekir. Topra\u011f\u0131n bak\u0131m\u0131; topra\u011f\u0131n s\u00fcr\u00fclmesi, \u00e7apalanmas\u0131, yabanc\u0131 otlardan ay\u0131klanmas\u0131, erozyonla m\u00fc\u00adcadele ile sa\u011flan\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p>\u2022\u00a0\u00a0 <strong>Sulama: <\/strong>Su, bitkiler i\u00e7in en \u00f6nemli besin maddesidir. Topra\u011f\u0131n uygun zamanlarda ve yete\u00adrince sulanmas\u0131 gerekir. \u00dclkemizde \u00f6zellikle <strong>\u0130\u00e7 <\/strong><strong>Anadolu, G<\/strong><strong>\u00fc<\/strong><strong>neydo<\/strong><strong>\u011f<\/strong><strong>u Anadolu ve Do<\/strong><strong>\u011f<\/strong><strong>u Ana\u00addolu <\/strong>b\u00f6lgelerinde sulama s\u0131k\u0131nt\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n fazla olma\u00ads\u0131 sebebiyle tar\u0131m alanlar\u0131 nadasa b\u0131rak\u0131lmakta\u00add\u0131r. <strong>Nadas, <\/strong>yar\u0131 kurak b\u00f6lgelerde tarlan\u0131n s\u00fcr\u00fcle\u00adrek, suyunu biriktirmesi i\u00e7in bir y\u0131l bo\u015f b\u0131rak\u0131lma\u00ads\u0131d\u0131r. Topraklar\u0131n nadasa b\u0131rak\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6nleme\u00adnin yolu ise sulamad\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p><strong> <\/strong><strong>\u00dc<\/strong><strong>lkemizde tar<\/strong><strong>\u0131<\/strong><strong>m alanlar<\/strong><strong>\u0131<\/strong><strong>nda sulama yayg<\/strong><strong>\u0131<\/strong><strong>nla<\/strong><strong>\u015f<\/strong><strong>t<\/strong><strong>\u0131<\/strong><strong>r<\/strong><strong>\u0131<\/strong><strong>l<\/strong><strong>\u0131<\/strong><strong>rsa;<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u2022\u00a0\u00a0 \u0130klim ko\u015fullar\u0131na ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131l\u0131k azal\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p>\u2022\u00a0\u00a0 \u00dcretimde s\u00fcreklilik ve art\u0131\u015f sa\u011flan\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p>\u2022\u00a0\u00a0 Nadas y\u00f6ntemi terk edilerek toprak her y\u0131l kullan\u0131labilir.<\/p>\n<p>\u2022\u00a0 Ayn\u0131 araziden y\u0131lda birden fazla tar\u0131m \u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fc al\u0131nabilir.<\/p>\n<p>\u2022\u00a0\u00a0 \u00c7ift\u00e7inin \u00fcretim geliri artar.<\/p>\n<p>\u2022\u00a0\u00a0 Sebze yeti\u015ftirilen alanlar geni\u015fler.<\/p>\n<p>\u2022\u00a0\u00a0 End\u00fcstri bitkilerinin ekim alanlar\u0131 geni\u015fler.<\/p>\n<p>\u2022\u00a0\u00a0 <strong>G<\/strong><strong>\u00fc<\/strong><strong>breleme: <\/strong>Topra\u011f\u0131n besin ve mineral bak\u0131m\u0131ndan zenginle\u015ftirilmesidir. Topra\u011f\u0131n g\u00fcbrelenmesi sonucunda birim alandan elde edilen \u00fcr\u00fcn miktar\u0131 artar.<\/p>\n<p>\u2022\u00a0 <strong>Tohum <\/strong><strong>\u0131<\/strong><strong>slah<\/strong><strong>\u0131<\/strong><strong>: <\/strong>\u00dclke \u015fartlar\u0131na en uygun tohumu \u00fcretmek i\u00e7in yap\u0131lan \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalara denir. \u00dclkemizdeki Tohum Islah\u0131 \u0130stasyonlar\u0131, Devlet Tar\u0131m \u0130\u015fletmeleri, Devlet \u00dcretme \u00c7iftlikleri ve Zi\u00adraat Fak\u00fclteleri gibi kurulu\u015flar kaliteli tohum elde etmek i\u00e7in kurulmu\u015ftur.<\/p>\n<p>\u2022\u00a0\u00a0 <strong>Makinele<\/strong><strong>\u015f<\/strong><strong>me: <\/strong>\u00dcretim i\u015flemlerinin geli\u015f\u00admi\u015f ara\u00e7larla yap\u0131lmas\u0131d\u0131r. Tar\u0131mda makinele\u015fme sonucunda toprak daha iyi ve k\u0131sa s\u00fcrede i\u015flenir. Tar\u0131msal \u00fcretim ve verim artar.<\/p>\n<p><strong>UYARI: Engebenin fazla oldu<\/strong><strong>\u011f<\/strong><strong>u Karadeniz ve Do\u00ad<\/strong><strong>\u011f<\/strong><strong>u Anadolu b<\/strong><strong>\u00f6<\/strong><strong>lgelerinde tar<\/strong><strong>\u0131<\/strong><strong>mda makine kullan<\/strong><strong>\u0131<\/strong><strong>m<\/strong><strong>\u0131<\/strong><strong> olduk<\/strong><strong>\u00e7<\/strong><strong>a s<\/strong><strong>\u0131<\/strong><strong>n<\/strong><strong>\u0131<\/strong><strong>rl<\/strong><strong>\u0131<\/strong><strong>d<\/strong><strong>\u0131<\/strong><strong>r.* <\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong> \u2022<\/strong><strong> Pazarlama: <\/strong>\u00dcr\u00fcn\u00fcn bozulmadan t\u00fcketim ya da i\u015fleme merkezlerine ula\u015ft\u0131r\u0131l\u0131p sat\u0131lmas\u0131na pazarlama denir. \u00dclkemizde \u00e7ift\u00e7ilerin olumsuz y\u00f6nde etkilenmesini engellemek i\u00e7in devlet, \u00e7ift\u00e7i\u00adye \u00f6nceden taban fiyattan \u00fcr\u00fcn alma garantisi ve\u00adrir. Bu uygulamaya destekleme al\u0131m\u0131 denir. Ta\u00adh\u0131llar ve \u015feker pancar\u0131 gibi temel besin maddele\u00adri destekleme al\u0131mlar\u0131 yap\u0131lan \u00fcr\u00fcnlerdir.<\/p>\n<p>\u2022\u00a0\u00a0 <strong>\u0130<\/strong><strong>la<\/strong><strong>\u00e7<\/strong><strong>lama: <\/strong>Tar\u0131mda verimi ve kaliteyi art\u0131r\u00admak i\u00e7in \u00e7e\u015fitli hastal\u0131k ve b\u00f6ceklere kar\u015f\u0131 ila\u00e7la\u00adma yap\u0131lmas\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p>.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Tar\u0131m, insanlar\u0131n ihtiya\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131lamak amac\u0131yla topra\u011f\u0131 i\u015fleyerek \u00fcr\u00fcn elde etmesidir. Bu faaliyet, topraktan \u00e7e\u015fitli \u00fcr\u00fcnlerin elde edil\u00admesinin yan\u0131 s\u0131ra hayvanc\u0131l\u0131k ve ormanc\u0131l\u0131k faaliyetlerini de kapsar. \u00dclkemizde n\u00fcfusun yakla\u015f\u0131k yar\u0131s\u0131 (% 48,4) ge\u00e7imini tar\u0131mla sa\u011flamaktad\u0131r. Cumhuriyet D\u00f6nemi&#8217;nde, \u00fclkemizde tar\u0131m olanaklar\u0131n\u0131 art\u0131rmak amac\u0131yla; \u2022\u00a0 Sulama, g\u00fcbreleme ve tohum \u0131slah\u0131na \u00f6nem verilmi\u015f, \u2022\u00a0 Tar\u0131mda makinele\u015fme ile birlikte modern &#8230; <a title=\"T\u00fcrkiye&#8217;de Tar\u0131m\u0131 Etkileyen Fakt\u00f6rler\" class=\"read-more\" href=\"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/turkiyede-tarimi-etkileyen-faktorler.html\" aria-label=\"More on T\u00fcrkiye&#8217;de Tar\u0131m\u0131 Etkileyen Fakt\u00f6rler\">Devam\u0131n\u0131 oku&#8230;<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[7,14],"tags":[188],"class_list":["post-1900","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-dn","category-sosyal-bilgiler","tag-tarim"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1900","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1900"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1900\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1900"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1900"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1900"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}