{"id":1869,"date":"2010-04-09T22:32:37","date_gmt":"2010-04-09T20:32:37","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/?p=1869"},"modified":"2010-04-09T22:32:37","modified_gmt":"2010-04-09T20:32:37","slug":"17-yy-osmanlida-siyasi-gelismeler","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/17-yy-osmanlida-siyasi-gelismeler.html","title":{"rendered":"17.yy Osmanl\u0131da Siyasi Geli\u015fmeler"},"content":{"rendered":"

1.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 OSMANLI – <\/strong>\u0130<\/strong>RAN <\/strong>\u0130<\/strong>L<\/strong>\u0130\u015e<\/strong>K<\/strong>\u0130<\/strong>LER<\/strong>\u0130<\/strong><\/p>\n

il1555 y\u0131l\u0131nda imzalanan Amasya<\/a> Antla<\/strong>\u015f<\/strong>mas\u0131\u2019n\u0131n bozulmas\u0131 \u00fczerine Osmanl\u0131-\u0130ran sava\u015flar\u0131 yeniden ba\u015flad\u0131.<\/p>\n

a)\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 1579 <\/strong>– 1590 Sava<\/strong>\u015f<\/strong>lar<\/strong>\u0131: Bu sava\u015flar sonunda<\/strong> iki \u00fclke aras\u0131nda Ferhat Pa<\/strong>\u015f<\/strong>a (<\/strong>\u0130<\/strong>stanbul) Antla<\/strong>\u015f<\/strong>mas<\/strong>\u0131<\/strong> <\/strong>(1590) imzaland\u0131.<\/p>\n

Bu antla<\/strong>\u015f<\/strong>maya g<\/strong>\u00f6<\/strong>re;<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u2022\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Azerbaycan’\u0131n bir b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc ile G\u00fcney Kafkasya Osmanl\u0131 Devleti’ne kald\u0131.<\/p>\n

NOT: <\/strong>Osmanl\u0131 Devleti bu antla\u015fma ile do\u011fuda en geni\u015f s<\/span>\u0131<\/span>n<\/span>\u0131<\/span>rlar<\/span>\u0131<\/span>na ula<\/span>\u015f<\/span>m<\/span>\u0131\u015f<\/span>t<\/span>\u0131<\/span>r.<\/span><\/p>\n

b)\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 1603-1611 Sava<\/strong>\u015f<\/strong>lar<\/strong>\u0131<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0130ran, Ferhat Pa\u015fa Antla\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131 bozarak Anado\u00adlu’ya girdi (1603). Diyarbak\u0131r<\/a>‘a kadar ilerledi.<\/p>\n

\u2022\u00a0\u00a0 Yenilen \u0130ran\u2019la Nasuh Pa<\/strong>\u015fa<\/strong> Antla<\/strong>\u015f<\/strong>mas<\/strong>\u0131<\/strong> <\/strong>imzaland\u0131 (1611).<\/p>\n

Bu antla<\/strong>\u015f<\/strong>maya g<\/strong>\u00f6<\/strong>re;<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u2022\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Osmanl\u0131 Devleti, Ferhat Pa\u015fa Antla\u015fmas\u0131 ile al\u00add\u0131\u011f\u0131 yerleri geri verdi. Bunun kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131nda \u0130ran, Osmanl\u0131 Devleti’ne her y\u0131l iki y\u00fcz deve y\u00fck\u00fc ipek vermeyi kabul etti.<\/p>\n

c)\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 1617-1618 Sava<\/strong>\u015f<\/strong>lar<\/strong>\u0131<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0130ran’\u0131n her y\u0131l g\u00f6ndermeyi vaat etti\u011fi ipe\u011fi g\u00f6nderme\u00admesi \u00fczerine bar\u0131\u015f bozulmu\u015f \u0130ran’a sava\u015f a\u00e7\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Sonu\u00e7ta iki devlet aras\u0131nda Serav Antla<\/strong>\u015f<\/strong>mas<\/strong>\u0131<\/strong> <\/strong>imza\u00adland\u0131 (1618).<\/p>\n

Bu antla<\/strong>\u015f<\/strong>maya g<\/strong>\u00f6<\/strong>re;<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u2022\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u0130ran’\u0131n Osmanl\u0131 Devleti’ne vermeyi taahh\u00fct etti\u011fi iki y\u00fcz deve ipek, y\u00fcz deveye indirildi.<\/p>\n

\u2022\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 S\u0131n\u0131rlar Nasuh Pa\u015fa Antla\u015fmas\u0131’na g\u00f6re belir\u00adlendi.<\/p>\n

d)\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 1622-1639 Sava<\/strong>\u015f<\/strong>lar<\/strong>\u0131<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u2022 \u00a0\u0130ran Ba\u011fdat’\u0131 i\u015f\u00adgal edince IV. Murat Revan Seferi’ne <\/strong>\u00e7\u0131kt\u0131. Revan’a kadar Do\u011fu Anadolu topraklar\u0131 geri al\u0131nd\u0131 (1635).<\/p>\n

\u2022 IV. Murat 1638’de Ba\u011fdat Seferine \u00e7\u0131karak Ba\u011f\u00addat’\u0131 ald\u0131. Sonu\u00e7ta iki devlet aras\u0131nda Kasr-<\/strong>\u0131<\/strong> <\/strong>\u015e<\/strong>i\u00adrin Antla<\/strong>\u015f<\/strong>mas<\/strong>\u0131<\/strong> <\/strong>imzaland\u0131 (1639). Bu<\/strong> antla<\/strong>\u015f<\/strong>maya g<\/strong>\u00f6<\/strong>re;<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u2022\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Ba\u011fdat Osmanl\u0131 Devleti’ne kat\u0131ld\u0131.<\/p>\n

\u2022\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Revan ve Azerbaycan \u0130ran’a b\u0131rak\u0131ld\u0131.<\/p>\n

\u2022\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Osmanl\u0131 – \u0130ran s\u0131n\u0131r\u0131 bug\u00fcnk\u00fc \u015fekliyle \u00e7izildi.<\/p>\n

NOT<\/strong>: Kasr-<\/strong>\u0131<\/strong> <\/strong>\u015e<\/strong>i\u00adrin Antla<\/strong>\u015f<\/strong>mas<\/strong>\u0131 ile bug\u00fcnk\u00fc T\u00fcrkiye-\u0130ran s\u0131n\u0131r\u0131 b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde belirlendi.<\/strong><\/p>\n

II. <\/strong>OSMANLI – LEH<\/strong>\u0130<\/strong>STAN <\/strong>\u0130<\/strong>L<\/strong>\u0130\u015e<\/strong>K<\/strong>\u0130<\/strong>LER<\/strong>\u0130<\/strong><\/p>\n

Lehistan’\u0131n Osmanl\u0131 Devleti’ne ba\u011fl\u0131 Erdel ve Bo\u011fdan beyliklerinin i\u00e7i\u015flerine kar\u0131\u015fmas\u0131 sonucu Osmanl\u0131 – Le\u00adhistan ili\u015fkileri bozuldu. II. Osman (Gen\u00e7 Osman) Le\u00adhistan (Hotin) Seferi’ne <\/strong>\u00e7\u0131kt\u0131 (1620). Hotin Kalesi al\u0131nd\u0131. Lehistan ile Hotin Antla<\/strong>\u015f<\/strong>mas<\/strong>\u0131<\/strong> <\/strong>imzaland\u0131 (1621).<\/p>\n

NOT :<\/strong>Bu sefer s\u0131ras\u0131nda Yeni\u00e7eri Oca\u011f\u0131n\u0131n bozuldu\u011funu g\u00f6ren II. Osman, bu zaferden sonra Yeni\u00e7eri Oca\u00ad\u011f\u0131n\u0131 kald\u0131rmay\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnm\u00fc\u015f ve bunun i\u00e7inde “Hacca gidiyorum.” bahanesi ile Do\u011fu Anadolu’da bir ordu kurarak Yeni\u00e7eri Oca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 kald\u0131rmay\u0131 planlam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Ancak bunu haber alan Yeni\u00e7eriler II. Osman’\u0131 \u00f6l\u00add\u00fcrm\u00fc\u015flerdir. II. Osman’\u0131n (Gen\u00e7 Osman) bu d\u00fc\u00ad\u015f\u00fcncesi Osmanl\u0131 Devleti’nde ilk \u0131slahat te\u015febb\u00fc\u00ads\u00fcyd\u00fc.<\/p>\n

1672’de Lehistan’\u0131n Ukrayna’y\u0131 i\u015fgal etmesi \u00fczerine IV. Mehmet Lehistan Seferine \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131. Lehistan ordusu ma\u011flup edildi. Lehistan kral\u0131n\u0131n iste\u011fi \u00fczerine Buca<\/strong>\u015f<\/strong> Antla<\/strong>\u015f<\/strong>mas<\/strong>\u0131<\/strong> imzaland\u0131 (1672).<\/p>\n

NOT:<\/strong>Buca<\/strong>\u015f<\/strong> Antla<\/strong>\u015f<\/strong>mas<\/strong>\u0131<\/strong> Osmanl<\/strong>\u0131<\/strong> Devleti’nin bat<\/strong>\u0131<\/strong>da top\u00adrak kazand<\/strong>\u0131\u011f\u0131<\/strong> son antla<\/strong>\u015f<\/strong>mad<\/strong>\u0131<\/strong>r.\u00a0 Bu antla<\/strong>\u015f<\/strong>ma ile Osmanl<\/strong>\u0131<\/strong> Devleti bat<\/strong>\u0131<\/strong>da en geni<\/strong>\u015f<\/strong> s<\/strong>\u0131<\/strong>n<\/strong>\u0131<\/strong>rlar<\/strong>\u0131<\/strong>na ula<\/strong>\u015f\u00ad<\/strong>m<\/strong>\u0131\u015f<\/strong>t<\/strong>\u0131<\/strong>r<\/strong>.<\/p>\n

<\/strong><\/p>\n

    \n
  1. III. <\/strong>OSMANLI – VENED<\/strong>\u0130<\/strong>K <\/strong>\u0130<\/strong>L<\/strong>\u0130\u015e<\/strong>K<\/strong>\u0130<\/strong>LER<\/strong>\u0130<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    . 17. y\u00fczy\u0131lda Akdeniz’deki Girit meselesi y\u00fcz\u00fcnden Osmanl\u0131 – Venedik ili\u015fkileri bozuldu.<\/p>\n

    Girit’te bulunan korsanlar Osmanl\u0131 ticaret ve hac gemilerine sald\u0131r\u0131yorlard\u0131. Co\u011frafi konumu nede\u00adniyle Do\u011fu Akdeniz ve Kuzey Afrika k\u0131y\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131 tehdit etmekteydi. Bu nedenlerle Girit’in al\u0131nmas\u0131 gerekiyordu. 1645 y\u0131l\u0131nda ku\u015fat\u0131lan ada \u00a025 y\u0131l sonra K\u00f6pr\u00fcl\u00fc Faz\u0131l Ahmet Pa\u015fa zaman\u0131nda Girit 1669 y\u0131l\u0131nda fethedildi.<\/p>\n

    UYARI: <\/strong>Girit\u2019in fethi ile; Do\u011fu Akdeniz’deki Osmanl\u0131 g\u00fcvenli\u011fi sa\u011fland\u0131. Girit\u2019in al\u0131nmas\u0131 Osmanl\u0131 Devleti\u2019nin denizlerdeki son ba\u015far\u0131s\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n

    <\/strong><\/p>\n

    IV. <\/strong>OSMANLI – AVUSTURYA <\/strong>\u0130<\/strong>L<\/strong>\u0130\u015e<\/strong>K<\/strong>\u0130<\/strong>LER<\/strong>\u0130<\/strong><\/p>\n

    Kanuni d\u00f6neminde Zigetvar seferi sonras\u0131nda imzala\u00adnan antla\u015fma 16. Y\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131n sonlar\u0131na do\u011fru bozuldu. Osmanl\u0131 – Avusturya sava\u015flar\u0131 17. y\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131n sonuna ka\u00addar aral\u0131klarla devam etti.<\/p>\n

    a)\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 1593 <\/strong>– 1606 Ha<\/strong>\u00e7<\/strong>ova Sava<\/strong>\u015f\u0131<\/strong><\/p>\n

    \u2022\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Avusturya ile Osmanl\u0131 aras\u0131nda s\u0131n\u0131r sava\u015flar\u0131n\u0131n ba\u015flamas\u0131, Avusturya\u2019n\u0131n vergisini vermemesi<\/p>\n

    \u2022\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Osmanl\u0131lar\u2019\u0131n \u00a0E\u011fri, Kanije ve Estergon kalelerini ele ge\u00ad\u00e7irmesi \u00fczerine \u00e7\u0131kan \u00a0Ha<\/strong>\u00e7<\/strong>ova Meydan Sava<\/strong>\u015f\u0131<\/strong>‘nda <\/strong>Avusturya yenildi. \u0130ki devlet aras\u0131nda Zitvatoruk Antla<\/strong>\u015f<\/strong>mas<\/strong>\u0131<\/strong> <\/strong>yap\u0131ld\u0131 (1606).<\/p>\n

    Avusturya kral\u0131 protokol gere\u011fi Osmanl\u0131 pa\u00addi\u015fah\u0131na denk say\u0131ld\u0131.<\/p>\n

    UYARI<\/strong>: B\u00f6ylece Osmanl<\/strong>\u0131<\/strong> Devleti’nin Avusturya kar<\/strong>\u015f\u0131<\/strong>s<\/strong>\u0131<\/strong>nda 1533 \u0130stanbul Antla<\/strong>\u015f<\/strong>mas<\/strong>\u0131<\/strong> ile kazand<\/strong>\u0131\u011f\u0131<\/strong> siyasi <\/strong>\u00fc<\/strong>s\u00adt<\/strong>\u00fc<\/strong>nl<\/strong>\u00fc<\/strong>k bu antla<\/strong>\u015f<\/strong>ma ile kaybedildi<\/strong> <\/strong><\/p>\n

    b)\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 1662-1664 Sava<\/strong>\u015f<\/strong>lar<\/strong>\u0131<\/strong><\/p>\n

    Avusturya’n\u0131n Erdel Beyli\u011fi’nin i\u00e7 i\u015flerine kar\u0131\u015fmas\u0131 \u00fczerine K\u00f6pr\u00fcl\u00fc Mehmet Pa\u015fa<\/a> ve K\u00f6pr\u00fcl\u00fc Faz\u0131l Ahmet Pa\u015fa taraf\u0131n\u00addan Avusturya’ya iki sefer d\u00fczenlendi (1662 – 1664). Avusturya ordusu ma\u011flup edildi. Uyvar ve Zer\u0131nvar kaleleri al\u0131nd\u0131. Avusturya’n\u0131n iste\u011fi ile Vasvar Ant\u00adla<\/strong>\u015f<\/strong>mas<\/strong>\u0131<\/strong> <\/strong>imzaland\u0131 (1664).<\/p>\n

    c)\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 1683 – 1699 Sava<\/strong>\u015f<\/strong>lar<\/strong>\u0131<\/strong> ve <\/strong>II. <\/strong>Viyana Ku<\/strong>\u015f<\/strong>atmas<\/strong>\u0131<\/strong><\/p>\n

    \u2022\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Avusturya’n\u0131n y\u00f6netimlerindeki Macarlara bask\u0131 yapmas\u0131 \u00fczerine Macarlar, Osmanl\u0131 Devleti’nden yard\u0131m istediler. Bunun \u00fczerine Merzifonlu Kara Mustafa Pa\u015fa<\/a> sefere \u00e7\u0131karak Avusturya’n\u0131n ba\u015f\u00adkenti Viyana’y\u0131 ku\u015fatt\u0131 (1683).<\/p>\n

    \u2022\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Yap\u0131lan b\u00fct\u00fcn h\u00fccumlara ra\u011fmen kalenin ku\u015fat\u00admas\u0131 uzad\u0131. Orduda yiyecek ve cephane s\u0131k\u0131nt\u0131s\u0131 ba\u015f g\u00f6sterdi.<\/p>\n

    \u2022\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0Lehistan ordusu Avusturya\u2019n\u0131n yard\u0131m\u0131na geldi. \u0130ki ate\u015f aras\u0131nda kalan Osmanl\u0131 ordusu da\u011f\u0131ld\u0131. Merzifonlu Kara Mustafa Pa\u015fa yenilginin bedelini idam edilerek \u00f6dedi.<\/p>\n