{"id":1744,"date":"2010-04-06T20:38:41","date_gmt":"2010-04-06T18:38:41","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/?p=1744"},"modified":"2010-04-06T20:38:41","modified_gmt":"2010-04-06T18:38:41","slug":"demokrasinin-temel-ilkeleri","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/demokrasinin-temel-ilkeleri.html","title":{"rendered":"Demokrasinin Temel \u0130lkeleri"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"zemanta-img\" style=\"margin: 1em; display: block;\">\n<div>\n<dl class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"width: 310px;\">\n<dt class=\"wp-caption-dt\"><a href=\"http:\/\/commons.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Image:TBMM.svg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" title=\"Logo of Turkish Parliament (T\u00fcrkiye B\u00fcy\u00fck Mill...\" src=\"http:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/a\/af\/TBMM.svg\/300px-TBMM.svg.png\" alt=\"Logo of Turkish Parliament (T\u00fcrkiye B\u00fcy\u00fck Mill...\" width=\"221\" height=\"300\" \/><\/a><\/dt>\n<dd class=\"wp-caption-dd zemanta-img-attribution\" style=\"font-size: 0.8em;\">Image via <a href=\"http:\/\/commons.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Image:TBMM.svg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow\">Wikipedia<\/a><\/dd>\n<\/dl>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p><strong> Mill<\/strong><strong>\u00ee<\/strong><strong> Egemenlik<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li> Demokraside egemenlik millete aittir. Mil\u00adlet bu hakk\u0131n\u0131 temsilcileri (milletvekilleri) arac\u0131l\u0131\u00ad\u011f\u0131yla kullan\u0131r. Y\u00f6netenler, g\u00fcc\u00fcn\u00fc milletten al\u0131r. Hi\u00e7bir kimse, zorla i\u015f ba\u015f\u0131na gelemez. Bu esas, anayasam\u0131zda \u015f\u00f6yle belirtilmi\u015ftir: <strong>&#8220;Egemenlik kay<\/strong><strong>\u0131<\/strong><strong>ts<\/strong><strong>\u0131<\/strong><strong>z <\/strong><strong>\u015f<\/strong><strong>arts<\/strong><strong>\u0131<\/strong><strong>z milletindir.&#8221;<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><br class=\"spacer_\" \/><\/p>\n<p><strong> H<\/strong><strong>\u00fc<\/strong><strong>rriyet ve E<\/strong><strong>\u015f<\/strong><strong>itlik<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li> Demokraside, h\u00fcrriyet ve e\u015fitlik esast\u0131r. <strong>H<\/strong><strong>\u00fc<\/strong><strong>rriyet, <\/strong>ba\u015fkalar\u0131na zarar vermeden her \u015feyi yapabilmektir. B\u00fct\u00fcn insanlar h\u00fcrd\u00fcr. Herkes, serbest\u00e7e d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcr ve d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncelerini a\u00e7\u0131klayabilir.<\/li>\n<li><strong> E<\/strong><strong>\u015f<\/strong><strong>itlik, <\/strong>hi\u00e7bir ayr\u0131m olmaks\u0131z\u0131n herkesin kanun \u00f6n\u00fcnde ayn\u0131 haklara sahip olmas\u0131d\u0131r. Hi\u00e7 kimseye din, dil, \u0131rk, cinsiyet, siyasi d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncesin\u00adden dolay\u0131 farkl\u0131 i\u015flem yap\u0131lamaz.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><br class=\"spacer_\" \/><\/p>\n<p><strong> Siyasi Partiler<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li> Demokratik y\u00f6netimlerde, \u00fclke sorunlar\u0131\u00adn\u0131n \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm yollar\u0131 \u00fczerinde ayn\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnceyi payla\u00ad\u015fan insanlar bir <strong>siyasi parti <\/strong>kurabilirler. Vatan\u00adda\u015flar, bu siyasi partilerden birine \u00fcye olabilirler. \u00dclkemizde Kurtulu\u015f Sava\u015f\u0131&#8217;ndan sonra ilk kuru\u00adlan parti Halk F\u0131rkas\u0131&#8217;d\u0131r. F\u0131rka parti anlam\u0131na ge\u00adlir. Cumhuriyetin ilan\u0131ndan sonra partinin ad\u0131 <strong><a class=\"zem_slink\" title=\"Republican People's Party (Turkey)\" rel=\"wikipedia nofollow\" href=\"http:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Republican_People%27s_Party_%28Turkey%29\" target=\"_blank\">Cumhuriyet Halk Partisi<\/a> <\/strong>olmu\u015ftur.<\/li>\n<li> Siyasi partiler, anayasa ve ilgili kanun h\u00fc\u00adk\u00fcmlerine uygun olarak faaliyetlerini s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fcrler. Siyasi partilerin hepsi, devletin \u00fclkesi ve milletiyle b\u00f6l\u00fcnmez b\u00fct\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc kabul eder. \u0130nsan haklar\u0131\u00adna sayg\u0131l\u0131d\u0131r. Millet egemenli\u011fini esas al\u0131r. Demok\u00adratik ve laik cumhuriyet ilkelerine ba\u011fl\u0131d\u0131r.<\/li>\n<li> Demokrasilerde h\u00fck\u00fcmeti kurma g\u00f6revi, genellikle se\u00e7imler sonucunda en \u00e7ok milletvekil\u00adli\u011fi kazanan partiye verilir. H\u00fck\u00fcmeti kuran partiye <strong>iktidar partisi <\/strong>denir. Di\u011fer siyasi partiler ise <strong>mu\u00adhalefet partileri <\/strong>olarak adland\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r. Siyasi partiler, demokrasinin vazge\u00e7ilmez unsurlar\u0131ndand\u0131r.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><br class=\"spacer_\" \/><\/p>\n<p><strong> 1946 y<\/strong><strong>\u0131<\/strong><strong>l<\/strong><strong>\u0131<\/strong><strong>nda T<\/strong><strong>\u00fc<\/strong><strong>rkiye&#8217;de ilk kez birden fazla partinin kat<\/strong><strong>\u0131<\/strong><strong>ld<\/strong><strong>\u0131\u011f\u0131<\/strong><strong> se<\/strong><strong>\u00e7<\/strong><strong>imler sonucunda <\/strong><strong>\u00e7<\/strong><strong>ok partili hayata ge<\/strong><strong>\u00e7<\/strong><strong>ildi.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><br class=\"spacer_\" \/><\/p>\n<p><br class=\"spacer_\" \/><\/p>\n<p><strong> Demokrasinin <\/strong><strong>\u00d6\u011f<\/strong><strong>eleri<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>H\u00e2kimiyetin as\u0131l sahibi halkt\u0131r.<\/li>\n<li>Ki\u015fi hak ve \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fcklerine yer verilir.<\/li>\n<li>Herkes tek ve e\u015fit oy hakk\u0131na sahiptir.<\/li>\n<li>Toplum i\u00e7inde ya\u015fayan insanlar e\u015fit hak\u00adlara sahiptir.<\/li>\n<li>Y\u00f6netenler halk taraf\u0131ndan belli aral\u0131klar\u00adla yap\u0131lan se\u00e7imler sonucunda g\u00f6reve gelir.<\/li>\n<li>Az\u0131nl\u0131kta kalanlar\u0131n haklar\u0131na sayg\u0131l\u0131 bir \u00e7o\u011funluk y\u00f6netimi sa\u011flan\u0131r<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><br class=\"spacer_\" \/><\/p>\n<p><strong> YA<\/strong><strong>\u015e<\/strong><strong>AYAN DEMOKRAS\u0130<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Se\u00e7me ve se\u00e7ilme demokrasinin temel \u00f6zelliklerindendir. Bu temel \u00f6zellik se\u00e7im kanun\u00adlar\u0131nda baz\u0131 maddelerle belirtilmi\u015ftir.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Bunlar;<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Madde 2:<\/strong> Se\u00e7imler serbest, e\u015fit, tek dereceli genel oy esaslar\u0131na g\u00f6re yap\u0131l\u0131r. Se\u00e7men, oyunu kendisi kullan\u0131r. Oy, gizli verilir. Oylar\u0131n say\u0131m\u0131, d\u00f6\u00adk\u00fcm\u00fc ve tutanaklara ba\u011flanmas\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131k olarak yap\u0131l\u0131r.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Madde 6:<\/strong> On sekiz ya\u015f\u0131n\u0131 dolduran her T\u00fcrk vatanda\u015f\u0131, se\u00e7me ve halk oylamas\u0131na kat\u0131lma hakk\u0131na sahiptir.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Madde 14\/2:<\/strong> Oyunu kullanan se\u00e7menin par\u00adma\u011f\u0131n\u0131n i\u015faretlenece\u011fi \u00f6zel boyay\u0131 ithal veya imal ettirmek, sand\u0131k kurullar\u0131nda zaman\u0131nda bulun\u00addurmak ve saklamak devletin g\u00f6revlerindendir.<\/li>\n<li>1995 y\u0131l\u0131nda yap\u0131lan bir de\u011fi\u015fiklik ile partilere \u00fcye olma ya\u015f\u0131 18\u2019e indirildi. Siyas\u00ee partilerin kad\u0131n ve gen\u00e7lik kollar\u0131 kurmalar\u0131n\u0131, yurt d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda \u00f6rg\u00fctlenmelerini yasaklayan h\u00fck\u00fcm kald\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131.<\/li>\n<li>Y\u00fcksek\u00f6\u011fretim elemanlar\u0131 ile y\u00fcksek\u00f6\u011fretim \u00f6\u011frencilerine siyasi partilere \u00fcye olma hakk\u0131 getirildi.<\/li>\n<li>1995 y\u0131l\u0131nda milletvekili say\u0131s\u0131 450&#8217;den <sup>&#8211;<\/sup>550&#8217;ye \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131ld\u0131.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><br class=\"spacer_\" \/><\/p>\n<p><strong> OKUL MECL\u0130SLER\u0130 PROJES\u0130<\/strong><strong><\/strong><\/p>\n<p>v\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 13 Ocak 2004 tarihinde <a class=\"zem_slink\" title=\"Grand National Assembly of Turkey\" rel=\"wikipedia nofollow\" href=\"http:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Grand_National_Assembly_of_Turkey\" target=\"_blank\">TBMM<\/a> ve Milli E\u011fitim Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 aras\u0131nda, \u00f6\u011frencilerde demokrasi bilincinin olu\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flamak ve demokrasiyi ya\u015fatabilmek amac\u0131yla imzalanan bir protokol uyar\u0131nca <strong>Demokrasi E<\/strong><strong>\u011f<\/strong><strong>itimi ve Okul Meclisleri Projesi<\/strong><strong> <\/strong>hayata ge\u00e7irilmi\u015ftir.<strong><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong> Projenin Amac<\/strong><strong>\u0131<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>v\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Projenin ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7ta \u00e7ocuklar\u0131m\u0131za, <em>daha sonra<\/em> da demokratik hayat\u0131m\u0131za kazand\u0131raca\u011f\u0131 d\u00f6rt temel amac\u0131 belirtilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n<p><strong> Bunlar;<\/strong><strong><\/strong><\/p>\n<p>v\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0Yerle\u015fik bir demokrasi k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fc ve <em>bilincinin <\/em>olu\u015fturulmas\u0131,<\/p>\n<p>v\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Ho\u015fg\u00f6r\u00fc, \u00e7o\u011fulculuk, farkl\u0131l\u0131klara ra\u011fmen <em>insanlar\u0131n<\/em> huzur ve bar\u0131\u015f i\u00e7erisinde bir arada ya\u015fabilece\u011fi, tart\u0131\u015fma ortam\u0131n\u0131 bilen, d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnen, sorgulayan, analiz ve sentez yapma kabiliyeti olan bireylerin, b\u00fcy\u00fck Atat\u00fcrk&#8217;\u00fcn &#8220;Fikri h\u00fcr, irfan\u0131 h\u00fcr, vicdan\u0131 h\u00fcr&#8221; olarak niteledi\u011fi cumhuriyet vatanda\u015flar\u0131n\u0131n yeti\u015ftirilmesi,<\/p>\n<p>v\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 K\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fc \u00f6z\u00fcmsemi\u015f, ayaklar\u0131 kendi \u00fclkesinin topra\u011f\u0131na basan, ancak d\u00fcnyaya ve milletleraras\u0131 de\u011ferlere a\u00e7\u0131k nesillerin yeti\u015ftirilmesi,<\/p>\n<p>v\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Se\u00e7me, se\u00e7ilme ve oy kullanma k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fcn kazand\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n<div class=\"zemanta-pixie\" style=\"margin-top: 10px; height: 15px;\"><a class=\"zemanta-pixie-a\" title=\"Reblog this post [with Zemanta]\" href=\"http:\/\/reblog.zemanta.com\/zemified\/3a9a18fa-a0c9-4750-812d-41f708cfad91\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"zemanta-pixie-img\" style=\"border: medium none; float: right;\" src=\"http:\/\/img.zemanta.com\/reblog_e.png?x-id=3a9a18fa-a0c9-4750-812d-41f708cfad91\" alt=\"Reblog this post [with Zemanta]\" \/><\/a><span class=\"zem-script more-related pretty-attribution\"><br \/>\n<script src=\"http:\/\/static.zemanta.com\/readside\/loader.js\" type=\"text\/javascript\"><\/script><br \/>\n<\/span><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Image via Wikipedia Mill\u00ee Egemenlik Demokraside egemenlik millete aittir. Mil\u00adlet bu hakk\u0131n\u0131 temsilcileri (milletvekilleri) arac\u0131l\u0131\u00ad\u011f\u0131yla kullan\u0131r. Y\u00f6netenler, g\u00fcc\u00fcn\u00fc milletten al\u0131r. Hi\u00e7bir kimse, zorla i\u015f ba\u015f\u0131na gelemez. Bu esas, anayasam\u0131zda \u015f\u00f6yle belirtilmi\u015ftir: &#8220;Egemenlik kay\u0131ts\u0131z \u015farts\u0131z milletindir.&#8221; H\u00fcrriyet ve E\u015fitlik Demokraside, h\u00fcrriyet ve e\u015fitlik esast\u0131r. H\u00fcrriyet, ba\u015fkalar\u0131na zarar vermeden her \u015feyi yapabilmektir. B\u00fct\u00fcn insanlar h\u00fcrd\u00fcr. Herkes, serbest\u00e7e &#8230; <a title=\"Demokrasinin Temel \u0130lkeleri\" class=\"read-more\" href=\"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/demokrasinin-temel-ilkeleri.html\" aria-label=\"More on Demokrasinin Temel \u0130lkeleri\">Devam\u0131n\u0131 oku&#8230;<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[7,14],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1744","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-dn","category-sosyal-bilgiler"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1744","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1744"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1744\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1744"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1744"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1744"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}