{"id":1659,"date":"2010-03-09T18:59:42","date_gmt":"2010-03-09T16:59:42","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/?p=1659"},"modified":"2010-03-09T18:59:44","modified_gmt":"2010-03-09T16:59:44","slug":"bati-etkisinde-gelisen-turk-edebiyati","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/bati-etkisinde-gelisen-turk-edebiyati.html","title":{"rendered":"Bat\u0131 Etkisinde Geli\u015fen T\u00fcrk Edebiyat\u0131"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>    Osmanl\u0131 Devleti,Bat\u0131\u2019n\u0131n R\u00f6nesansla ba\u015flay\u0131p \u00e7e\u015fitli alanlardaki  reform hareketleriyle ilerleyi\u015fine ayak uyduramam\u0131\u015f ve 17.yy.dan sonra gerilemeye ba\u015flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<br \/>\n     Siyasi ve toplumsal hayatta ortaya \u00e7\u0131kan bu gerileme edebi hayatta da kendini g\u00f6stermi\u015ftir.3 Kas\u0131m 1839 tarihinde Mustafa Re\u015fit Pa\u015fa taraf\u0131ndan G\u00fclhane Park\u0131\u2019nda okunan <a class=\"zem_slink\" href=\"http:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Tanzimat\" title=\"Tanzimat\" rel=\"wikipedia nofollow\" target=\"_blank\">Tanzimat<\/a> Ferman\u0131(G\u00fclhane Hatt\u0131 Humayunu)ile hem siyasi hem de  edebiyat alan\u0131nda yeni bir d\u00f6nem ba\u015flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<br \/>\n       Tanzimat Edebiyat\u0131n\u0131n ba\u015flang\u0131c\u0131 ,Terc\u00fcman-\u0131 Ahval gazetesinin 1860\u2019daki yay\u0131n hayat\u0131na ba\u015flamas\u0131 kabul edilir. Tanzimat ile birlikte T\u00fcrk edebiyat\u0131na yeni t\u00fcrler girmi\u015ftir ve bu d\u00f6nemde Bat\u0131\u2019dan \u00e7eviriler yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015f ya da ilk \u00f6rnekleri verilmi\u015ftir.\u015eimdi bu yeni t\u00fcrleri g\u00f6relim:<\/p>\n<p> <strong> Roman-Hikaye<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>    T\u00fcrk edebiyat\u0131 romanla ilk kez Yusuf Kamil Pa\u015fa\u2019n\u0131n Fenelon\u2019dan yapm\u0131\u015f oldu\u011fu Telemak\u2019\u0131n \u00e7evirisiyle kar\u015f\u0131la\u015f\u0131r.\u015eemsettin Sami\u2019nin Taa\u015f\u015fuk-\u0131 Talat \u00fc F\u0131tnat adl\u0131 roman\u0131 edebiyat\u0131m\u0131zda ilk yerli romand\u0131r. \u0130lk hikaye kitab\u0131 Ahmet Mithat Efendi\u2019nin Lataif-i Rivayat adl\u0131 eseridir. \u0130lk edebi roman da <a class=\"zem_slink\" href=\"http:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Nam%C4%B1k_Kemal\" title=\"Nam\u0131k Kemal\" rel=\"wikipedia nofollow\" target=\"_blank\">Nam\u0131k Kemal<\/a>\u2019in \u0130ntibah adl\u0131 eseridir.<\/p>\n<p><strong>   Tiyatro<\/strong><br \/>\n     Yay\u0131nlana ilk tiyatro eseri \u015einasi\u2019nin \u015eair Evlenmesi adl\u0131 eseridir. Bu iki perdelik bir piyestir.Yazar g\u00f6r\u00fcc\u00fc usul\u00fcyle evlenmeyi yerer.\u015einasi bu eserinde meddah gelene\u011finden yararlanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Tanzimat\u00e7\u0131lar toplum i\u00e7in sanat g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fc benimsedikleri i\u00e7in toplumu ayd\u0131nlatmada tiyatroyu bir ara\u00e7 olarak g\u00f6rm\u00fc\u015flerdir.<\/p>\n<p><strong>     \u015eiir<\/strong><br \/>\n     Tanzimat d\u00f6neminde \u015fiir alan\u0131nda b\u00fcy\u00fck yenilikler olmu\u015ftur. \u015eiirde bi\u00e7im olarak divan edebiyat\u0131na ba\u011fl\u0131 kal\u0131nm\u0131\u015f ancak konusu geni\u015fletilmi\u015ftir.<br \/>\n     Tanzimatla birlikte kanun,adalet,e\u015fitlik,h\u00fcrriyet vatan gibi konular i\u015flenilmeye ba\u015flanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.Bu d\u00f6nemdeki \u015fiirlerde konu b\u00fct\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc vard\u0131r. Eski \u015fiirde par\u00e7a b\u00fct\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc vard\u0131.<br \/>\n      Tanzimat \u015fiirinde d\u00f6rt ana tema vard\u0131r;<br \/>\nSosyal temalar:medeniyet,ak\u0131l,k\u00fclt\u00fcr,h\u00fcrriyet,adalet,e\u015fitlik,vatan,millet<br \/>\nMetafizik temalar:varl\u0131k,yokluk,Allah,\u00f6l\u00fcm,madde,ruh<br \/>\nA\u015fk temas\u0131:Divan edebiyat\u0131ndaki soyut ve platonik a\u015fk yerine ete, kemi\u011fe b\u00fcr\u00fcnm\u00fc\u015f a\u015fk anlat\u0131l\u0131r.<br \/>\nTabiat temas\u0131: Mazmunlarla anlat\u0131lan soyut tabiat yerine somut bir tabiat i\u015flenmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n<p><strong>       Gazete<\/strong><br \/>\n       \u0130lk gazete 1831 y\u0131l\u0131nda \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lan Takvim-i Vakayi\u2019dir Bu resmi bir gazetedir.Ceride-i Havadis yar\u0131 resmi bir gazete olup 1840 y\u0131l\u0131nda \u0130ngiliz William Churchill yay\u0131nlanmaya ba\u015flanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<br \/>\n       \u0130lk \u00f6zel gazete ise \u015einasi ve Agah Efendi\u2019nin birlikte \u00e7\u0131kard\u0131klar\u0131 Terc\u00fcman-\u0131 Ahval\u2019dir.Daha sonra \u015einasi tek ba\u015f\u0131na 1862 tarihinde Tasvir-i Efkar adl\u0131 gazeteyi \u00e7\u0131karmaya ba\u015flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.Bu gazete bir zaman sonra Nam\u0131k Kemal taraf\u0131ndan y\u00f6netilmeye ba\u015flar.Bu gazete d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda Muhbir(1866)<a class=\"zem_slink\" href=\"http:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/H%C3%BCrriyet\" title=\"H\u00fcrriyet\" rel=\"wikipedia nofollow\" target=\"_blank\">H\u00fcrriyet<\/a>(1867)Basiret(1869)\u0130bret(1867)adl\u0131 gazeteler \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n<div style=\"margin-top: 10px; height: 15px;\" class=\"zemanta-pixie\"><a class=\"zemanta-pixie-a\" href=\"http:\/\/reblog.zemanta.com\/zemified\/2a56a68f-bc74-4800-8bd2-daf51ad7ee2b\/\" title=\"Reblog this post [with Zemanta]\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow\"><img decoding=\"async\" style=\"border: medium none ; float: right;\" class=\"zemanta-pixie-img\" src=\"http:\/\/img.zemanta.com\/reblog_e.png?x-id=2a56a68f-bc74-4800-8bd2-daf51ad7ee2b\" alt=\"Reblog this post [with Zemanta]\"\/><\/a><span class=\"zem-script more-related pretty-attribution\"><script type=\"text\/javascript\" src=\"http:\/\/static.zemanta.com\/readside\/loader.js\" defer=\"defer\"><\/script><\/span><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Osmanl\u0131 Devleti,Bat\u0131\u2019n\u0131n R\u00f6nesansla ba\u015flay\u0131p \u00e7e\u015fitli alanlardaki reform hareketleriyle ilerleyi\u015fine ayak uyduramam\u0131\u015f ve 17.yy.dan sonra gerilemeye ba\u015flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Siyasi ve toplumsal hayatta ortaya \u00e7\u0131kan bu gerileme edebi hayatta da kendini g\u00f6stermi\u015ftir.3 Kas\u0131m 1839 tarihinde Mustafa Re\u015fit Pa\u015fa taraf\u0131ndan G\u00fclhane Park\u0131\u2019nda okunan Tanzimat Ferman\u0131(G\u00fclhane Hatt\u0131 Humayunu)ile hem siyasi hem de edebiyat alan\u0131nda yeni bir d\u00f6nem ba\u015flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Tanzimat Edebiyat\u0131n\u0131n &#8230; <a title=\"Bat\u0131 Etkisinde Geli\u015fen T\u00fcrk Edebiyat\u0131\" class=\"read-more\" href=\"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/bati-etkisinde-gelisen-turk-edebiyati.html\" aria-label=\"More on Bat\u0131 Etkisinde Geli\u015fen T\u00fcrk Edebiyat\u0131\">Devam\u0131n\u0131 oku&#8230;<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[7,224,12],"tags":[279,274,265,528,268,496,529,271],"class_list":["post-1659","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-dn","category-edebiyat-dil-anlatim","category-tr","tag-business-and-economy","tag-government","tag-history","tag-hurriyet","tag-middle-east","tag-namik-kemal","tag-newspaper","tag-turkey"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1659","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1659"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1659\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1659"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1659"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1659"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}