{"id":1646,"date":"2010-03-08T22:20:36","date_gmt":"2010-03-08T20:20:36","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/mehmet-akif-ersoy-hayati.html"},"modified":"2010-03-08T22:20:36","modified_gmt":"2010-03-08T20:20:36","slug":"mehmet-akif-ersoy-hayati","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/mehmet-akif-ersoy-hayati.html","title":{"rendered":"Mehmet Akif ERSOY Hayat\u0131"},"content":{"rendered":"

Ya\u015fam\u0131 <\/strong>
\n \u00d6\u011frenim y\u0131llar\u0131 <\/strong>
\n\u0130lk \u00f6\u011frenimine Fatih’te Emir Buhari Mahalle Mektebi\u2019nde o zamanlar\u0131n adeti gere\u011fi 4 y\u0131l, 4 ay, 4 g\u00fcnl\u00fckken ba\u015flad\u0131. 2 y\u0131l sonra iptidai(ilkokul) b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcne ge\u00e7ti ve babas\u0131ndan Arap\u00e7a \u00f6\u011frenmeye ba\u015flad\u0131. Orta \u00f6\u011frenimine Fatih Merkez R\u00fc\u015ftiyesi\u2019nde ba\u015flad\u0131 (1882). Bir yandan da Fatih Camii’nde Fars\u00e7a derslerini takip etti. Dil derslerine b\u00fcy\u00fck ilgi duyan Mehmet \u00c2kif, r\u00fc\u015ftiyedeki e\u011fitimi boyunca T\u00fcrk\u00e7e, Arap\u00e7a, Fars\u00e7a ve Frans\u0131zcada hep birinci oldu. Bu okulda onu en \u00e7ok etkileyen ki\u015fi, d\u00f6nemin “h\u00fcrriyetperver” ayd\u0131nlar\u0131ndan birisi olan T\u00fcrk\u00e7e \u00f6\u011fretmeni Hersekli Hoca Kadri Efendi idi.<\/p>\n

R\u00fc\u015ftiyeyi bitirdikten sonra annesi medrese \u00f6\u011frenimi g\u00f6rmesini istiyordu ancak babas\u0131n\u0131n deste\u011fi sonucu 1885’te d\u00f6nemin g\u00f6zde okullar\u0131ndan M\u00fclkiye \u0130dadisi\u2019ne kaydoldu. 1888\u2019de okulun y\u00fcksek k\u0131sm\u0131na devam etmekte iken babas\u0131n\u0131 kaybetmesi ve ertesi y\u0131l b\u00fcy\u00fck Fatih yang\u0131n\u0131nda evlerinin yanmas\u0131 aileyi yoksullu\u011fa d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcrd\u00fc. Babas\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6\u011frencisi Mustafa S\u0131tk\u0131 ayn\u0131 arsa \u00fczerine k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck bir ev yapt\u0131, aile bu eve yerle\u015fti. Art\u0131k bir an \u00f6nce meslek sahibi olmak ve yat\u0131l\u0131 okulda okumak isteyen Mehmet \u00c2kif, M\u00fclkiye \u0130dadisi\u2019ni b\u0131rakt\u0131. O y\u0131llarda yeni a\u00e7\u0131lan Ziraat ve Baytar Mektebi’ne kaydoldu.<\/p>\n

D\u00f6rt y\u0131ll\u0131k bir okul olan Baytar Mektebi’nde bakteriyoloji \u00f6\u011fretmeni R\u0131fat H\u00fcsamettin Pa\u015fa pozitif bilim sevgisi kazanmas\u0131nda etkili oldu. Okul y\u0131llar\u0131nda spora b\u00fcy\u00fck ilgi g\u00f6sterdi; mahalle arkada\u015f\u0131 K\u0131y\u0131c\u0131 Osman Pehlivan’dan g\u00fcre\u015f \u00f6\u011frendi; ba\u015fta g\u00fcre\u015f ve y\u00fcz\u00fcc\u00fcl\u00fck olmak \u00fczere uzun y\u00fcr\u00fcy\u00fc\u015f, ko\u015fma ve g\u00fclle atma yar\u0131\u015flar\u0131na kat\u0131ld\u0131; \u015fiire olan ilgisi okulun son iki y\u0131l\u0131nda yo\u011funla\u015ft\u0131. Mektebin baytarl\u0131k b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fc 1893 y\u0131l\u0131nda birincilikle bitirdi.<\/p>\n

Mezuniyetinden sonra Mehmet \u00c2kif, Frans\u0131zcas\u0131’n\u0131 geli\u015ftirdi. 6 ay i\u00e7inde Kur’an’\u0131 ezberleyerek haf\u0131z oldu. Hazine-i F\u00fcnun Dergisinde 1893 ve 1894\u2019te birer gazeli, 1895\u2019te ise Mektep Mecmuas\u0131\u2019nda “Kur’an’a Hitab”, adl\u0131 \u015fiiri yay\u0131nland\u0131, memuriyet hayat\u0131na ba\u015flad\u0131.<\/p>\n

Memurluk hayat\u0131 <\/strong>Okulu bitirdikten hemen sonra Ziraat Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131\u2019nda (Orman ve Maadin ve Ziraat Nezareti) memur olan Mehmet \u00c2kif, memuriyet hayat\u0131n\u0131 1893\u20131913 y\u0131llar\u0131 aras\u0131nda s\u00fcrd\u00fcrd\u00fc. Bakanl\u0131ktaki ilk g\u00f6revi veteriner m\u00fcfetti\u015f yard\u0131mc\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 idi. G\u00f6rev merkezi \u0130stanbul idi ancak memuriyetinin ilk d\u00f6rt y\u0131l\u0131nda tefti\u015f i\u00e7in Rumeli, Anadolu, Arnavutluk ve Arabistan’da bulundu. Bu sayede halkla yak\u0131n temas halinde olma imk\u00e2n\u0131 buldu. Bir seyahati s\u0131ras\u0131nda babas\u0131n\u0131n do\u011fum yeri olan \u0130pek Kasabas\u0131’na gidip amcalar\u0131yla tan\u0131\u015ft\u0131. 1898 y\u0131l\u0131nda Tophane-i \u00c2mire vezned\u00e2r\u0131 Mehmet Emin Beyin k\u0131z\u0131 \u0130smet Han\u0131m\u2019la evlendi; bu evlilikten Cemile, Feride, Suadi, \u0130brahim Naim, Emin, Tahir adl\u0131 \u00e7ocuklar\u0131 d\u00fcnyaya geldi.<\/p>\n

Mehmet \u00c2kif, edebiyata olan ilgisini \u015fiir yazarak ve edebiyat \u00f6\u011fretmenli\u011fi yaparak s\u00fcrd\u00fcrd\u00fc. Resimli Gazete\u2019de Servet-i F\u00fcnun Dergisi’nde \u015fiirleri ve yaz\u0131lar\u0131 yay\u0131mland\u0131. \u0130stanbul\u2019da bulundu\u011fu s\u0131rada bakanl\u0131ktaki g\u00f6revinin yan\u0131 s\u0131ra \u00f6nce Halkal\u0131 Ziraat ve Baytar Mektebi (1906)’nde kompozisyon (kitabet-i resmiye), sonra \u00c7ift\u00e7ilik Makinist Mektebi’nde (1907) T\u00fcrk\u00e7e dersleri vermek \u00fczere \u00f6\u011fretmen olarak atand\u0131.<\/p>\n

Edeb\u00ee Hayat\u0131 <\/strong>Mehmet \u00c2kif, \u015fiir yazmaya Baytar Mektebi’nde \u00f6\u011frenci oldu\u011fu y\u0131llarda ba\u015flad\u0131. Yay\u0131mlanan ilk \u015fiiri Kur’an’a Hitap ba\u015fl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ta\u015f\u0131r. 1908’den itibaren aruz \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcs\u00fc kullanarak manzum hik\u00e2yeler yazd\u0131. Hik\u00e2yelerinde halk\u0131n dert ve s\u0131k\u0131nt\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131 anlatt\u0131. Balkan Sava\u015f\u0131 y\u0131llar\u0131ndan itibaren destans\u0131 \u015fiirler yazmaya ba\u015flad\u0131. \u0130lk b\u00fcy\u00fck destan\u0131, \u201c\u00c7anakkale \u015eehitleri’ne\u201c ba\u015fl\u0131kl\u0131 \u015fiiridir. \u0130kinci b\u00fcy\u00fck destan\u0131 ise Bursa’n\u0131n i\u015fgali \u00fczerine yazd\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u201cB\u00fclb\u00fcl\u201c adl\u0131 \u015fiiridir. \u00dc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc olarak da \u0130stiklal Mar\u015f\u0131’n\u0131 yazarak \u0130stiklal Sava\u015f\u0131’n\u0131 anlatm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. “Sanat sanat i\u00e7indir” g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fcne kar\u015f\u0131 \u00e7\u0131kan Mehmet \u00c2kif, din\u00ee y\u00f6n\u00fc a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131kta bir edebiyat tarz\u0131 benimsemi\u015fti. Edebiyat dili olarak Mill\u00ee Edebiyat ak\u0131m\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131 \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131 ve edebiyatta bat\u0131l\u0131la\u015fma konusunda Tevfik Fikret ile \u00e7at\u0131\u015fm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Manzum eserleri <\/strong>\u015eairin Safahat ad\u0131 alt\u0131nda toplanan \u015fiirleri 7 kitaptan olu\u015fmu\u015ftur. \u015eair, \u0130stiklal Mar\u015f\u0131’n\u0131 Safahat’a koymam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Nedenini ise \u015f\u00f6yle a\u00e7\u0131klar: “\u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc ben onu milletimin kalbine g\u00f6md\u00fcm”.<\/p>\n

Kitap: Safahat (1911) – 44 manzume i\u00e7erir. Siyasal olaylar, mistik duygular, d\u00fcnyevi g\u00f6revlerden bahsedilir.
\nKitap: S\u00fcleymaniye K\u00fcrs\u00fcs\u00fcnde (1912) – S\u00fcleymaniye Camisi’ne giden iki ki\u015finin s\u00f6yle\u015fileri ile ba\u015flar, k\u00fcrs\u00fcde Seyyah Abd\u00fcrre\u015fit \u0130brahim’in konu\u015fturuldu\u011fu uzun bir b\u00f6l\u00fcmle devam eder.
\nKitap: Hakk\u0131n Sesleri (1913) – Topluma \u0130slami mesaj\u0131 yaymaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan on manzumedir. Ateizme, \u0131rk\u00e7\u0131l\u0131\u011fa, umutsuzlu\u011fa \u00e7at\u0131lmaktad\u0131r.
\nKitap: Fatih K\u00fcrs\u00fcs\u00fcnde (1914) – Fatih Camisi’ne giden iki ki\u015finin s\u00f6yle\u015fileri ile ba\u015flar, vaizin uzun konu\u015fmas\u0131 ile devam eder. Tembellik, irtica (gericilik), bat\u0131 taklit\u00e7ili\u011fi ele\u015ftirilir.
\nKitap: Hat\u0131ralar (1917) – \u00c2kif’in gezdi\u011fi yerdeki izlenimleri ve toplumsal felaketler kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda Allah’a yakar\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131 i\u00e7erir.
\nKitap: As\u0131m (1924) – Hocazade ile K\u00f6se \u0130mam aras\u0131ndaki konu\u015fmalar \u015feklinde tasarlanm\u0131\u015f tek par\u00e7a eserdir. E\u011fitim-\u00f6\u011fretim, \u0131rk\u00e7\u0131l\u0131k, sava\u015f vurgunculu\u011fu, bat\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k, gibi pek \u00e7ok konudan bahseder.
\nKitap: G\u00f6lgeler (1933) – 1918-1933 aras\u0131nda yaz\u0131lm\u0131\u015f 41 adet manzumeyi i\u00e7erir. Herbiri, yaz\u0131ld\u0131klar\u0131 d\u00f6nemin izlerini ta\u015f\u0131r. \u00dc\u00e7 tanesi ayet yorumu \u015feklindedir.
\nKitap: Safahat (Toplu Bas\u0131m) (ilki 1943) – 6 Safahat\u0131’\u0131 bir araya getirir. 1943’teki toplu bas\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n sonuna \u00c2kif’in hayattayken bas\u0131lmam\u0131\u015f \u015fiirlerini i\u00e7eren Damad\u0131 \u00d6mer R\u0131za Do\u011frul taraf\u0131ndan bir araya getirilmi\u015f 16 manzumeden ibaret Son Safahat ba\u015fl\u0131kl\u0131 b\u00f6l\u00fcm eklenmi\u015ftir. <\/p>\n

Al\u0131nt\u0131<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Ya\u015fam\u0131 \u00d6\u011frenim y\u0131llar\u0131 \u0130lk \u00f6\u011frenimine Fatih’te Emir Buhari Mahalle Mektebi\u2019nde o zamanlar\u0131n adeti gere\u011fi 4 y\u0131l, 4 ay, 4 g\u00fcnl\u00fckken ba\u015flad\u0131. 2 y\u0131l sonra iptidai(ilkokul) b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcne ge\u00e7ti ve babas\u0131ndan Arap\u00e7a \u00f6\u011frenmeye ba\u015flad\u0131. Orta \u00f6\u011frenimine Fatih Merkez R\u00fc\u015ftiyesi\u2019nde ba\u015flad\u0131 (1882). Bir yandan da Fatih Camii’nde Fars\u00e7a derslerini takip etti. Dil derslerine b\u00fcy\u00fck ilgi duyan Mehmet \u00c2kif, … Devam\u0131n\u0131 oku…<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[7,224,12],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1646","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-dn","category-edebiyat-dil-anlatim","category-tr"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1646","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1646"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1646\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1646"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1646"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1646"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}