{"id":1642,"date":"2010-03-07T20:09:34","date_gmt":"2010-03-07T18:09:34","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/?p=1642"},"modified":"2010-03-07T20:09:35","modified_gmt":"2010-03-07T18:09:35","slug":"tekke-edebiyati-dini-tasavvufi-halk-edebiyati","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/tekke-edebiyati-dini-tasavvufi-halk-edebiyati.html","title":{"rendered":"Tekke Edebiyat\u0131 (Dini Tasavvufi Halk Edebiyat\u0131)"},"content":{"rendered":"

Temelleri 12.yy.da Ahmet Yesevi taraf\u0131ndan at\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.Bu edebiyat\u0131n amac\u0131 tasavvuf felsefesini yayg\u0131nla\u015ft\u0131rmakt\u0131r.
\n Tasavvuf felsefesi,T\u00fcrk folkl\u00f6r\u00fc ve edebiyat\u0131na getirdi\u011fi de\u011fi\u015fimle bir R\u00f6nesans say\u0131labilir.Nesimi,Mevlana,Yunus Emre<\/a>,Pir Sultan Abdal<\/a>, vb. ozanlar bu edebiyat\u0131n \u00f6nde gelen\u015fairleridir.
\n Tasavvuf Felsefesi be\u015f temel ama\u00e7 \u00fczerine kurulm\u0131\u015ftur.<\/strong>
\na)Vahdet-i V\u00fccut:Var olan Tanr\u0131\u2019d\u0131r.Tanr\u0131 birdir.B\u00fct\u00fcn evren bu birin yans\u0131mas\u0131d\u0131r.
\nb)Tecelli:Tanr\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6zellikleri di\u011fer var olanlara yans\u0131r
\nc)\u0130nsan:\u0130deal insan kamil ve ehildir.
\nd)A\u015fk :Tanr\u0131ya ula\u015fma yoludur.<\/p>\n

Tekke Edebiyat\u0131n\u0131n \u00d6zellikleri<\/strong><\/p>\n

a)Hece \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcs\u00fc a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131kl\u0131d\u0131r,az da olsa aruz \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcs\u00fc kullan\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.
\nb)Yar\u0131m uyak ve redif s\u0131k kullan\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.
\nc)Tasavvuf terimlerinin d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda dil,halk\u0131n anlayabilece\u011fi nitelikte ve sadedir.
\nd)Saz e\u015fli\u011finde s\u00f6ylenenlerde vard\u0131r.
\ne)S\u00fcslemesizdir.
\nf)\u0130lahi,nefes ,deme ,\u015fathiye,nutuk ve devriye ba\u015fl\u0131ca naz\u0131m t\u00fcrleridir.
\ng)Allah sevgisi,nefsin \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fclmesi,insan sevgisi,\u00f6l\u00fcm,Allah\u2019a var\u0131\u015f yollar\u0131,tasavvuf ilkeleri temel konular\u0131d\u0131r.
\nh)Co\u015fkuludur,genellikle didaktik \u015fiirlerden olu\u015fur.
\nI)Naz\u0131m birimi d\u00f6rtl\u00fckt\u00fcr ancak beyitle olu\u015fturulmu\u015f t\u00fcrlerde vard\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Tekke Edebiyat\u0131n\u0131n Naz\u0131m T\u00fcrleri<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0130lahi: Tekke edebiyat\u0131n\u0131n ana naz\u0131m t\u00fcr\u00fcd\u00fcr.8\u2019li hece \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcs\u00fcyle s\u00f6ylenirler 7 ve 11\u2019li de olabilir.Fanili,k Allah sevgisi,nefsin \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fclmesi temel konusudur.Bu t\u00fcr\u00fcn en b\u00fcy\u00fck ustas\u0131 Yunus Emre\u2019dir.<\/p>\n

Nefes: 8\u2019li hece \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcs\u00fcyle s\u00f6ylenirler.\u0130lahilerin konular\u0131n\u0131n Bekta\u015filerce s\u00f6ylenmesi sonucu ortaya \u00e7\u0131km\u0131\u015f t\u00fcrd\u00fcr.Hz. Muhammed ve Hz. Ali ile ilgili \u015fiirler vard\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Deme: 8\u2019li hece \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcs\u00fcyle s\u00f6ylenir m\u00fcritlere \u00f6\u011freticili\u011fi esas al\u0131r.
\nNutuk: 8\u2019li hece \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcs\u00fcyle s\u00f6ylenir m\u00fcritlere \u00f6\u011freticili\u011fi esas al\u0131r.
\nDevriye: Alah\u2019tan gelen insan\u0131n yine Allah\u2019a d\u00f6nece\u011fini anlatan \u015fiirlerdir.
\n\u015eathiye: Korkuya dayal\u0131 din anlay\u0131\u015f\u0131na ele\u015ftiri niteli\u011finde olan \u015fiirlerdir. Allah ile konu\u015fuluyor gibi s\u00f6ylenir. Bu t\u00fcrde eser veren ba\u015fl\u0131ca ozanlar; Yunus Emre,Hac\u0131 Bayram\u0131 Veli,S\u00fcleymen \u00c7elebi,Nesimi,Kaygusuz Abdal, Pir Sultan Abdal,Mevlana\u2019d\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Baz\u0131 Tekke Edebiyat\u0131 \u015eairleri<\/strong><\/p>\n

Mevlana :<\/strong> (1207-1273) \u0130slam d\u00fcnyas\u0131n\u0131n en b\u00fcy\u00fck mutasavv\u0131fudur. Bilgin, d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcr ve Mevlevili\u011fin kurucusudur. Sanat\u0131 mabede sokar,sanat\u0131 ibadetten sayar.Onun i\u00e7in hayat\u0131n her an\u0131 ,her davran\u0131\u015f,\u015fiir,m\u00fczik,semah ve b\u00fct\u00fcn g\u00fczel sanatlardan ibarettir.Allah\u2019tan gelen insan\u0131n tekrar O\u2019na d\u00f6nece\u011fini inan\u0131r.Ve \u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc Allah\u2019a kavu\u015fma olarak g\u00f6r\u00fcr.
\n Eserleri:Mesnevi,Divan-\u0131 Kebir,Fihi ma Fih,Mektubat,Mecalis-i Seba<\/p>\n

Yunus Emre: <\/strong>Halk edebiyat\u0131m\u0131z\u0131n en kudretli ve en b\u00fcy\u00fck \u015fairidir. \u015eiirleri nin \u00f6z\u00fcnde derin bir insan sevgisi i\u00e7li bir Allah a\u015fk\u0131 ve tasavvufa ba\u011fl\u0131l\u0131k g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcr.Halk diliyle co\u015fkun bir lirizmle \u015fiirlerini s\u00f6ylemi\u015f,hece \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcs\u00fcn\u00fcn yan\u0131nda bazen aruzu da kullanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.Her \u0131rk ve s\u0131n\u0131ftaki insanlar\u0131 b\u00fcy\u00fck bir ho\u015fg\u00f6r\u00fcyle kar\u015f\u0131lar.<\/p>\n

Ahmet Yesevi: <\/strong>Tekke edebiyat\u0131n\u0131n kurucusudur.T\u00fcrkistan\u2019da Seyram \u015fehrinde do\u011fmu\u015ftur.Yesi \u015fehrinde Yesevi tarikat\u0131n\u0131 kurar.\u015eiirlerine hikmet ad\u0131 verilmi\u015ftir.Bu \u015fiirlerinin topland\u0131\u011f\u0131 kitaba da Divan-\u0131 Hikmet denir. T\u00fcrk\u00e7eyi ,hece \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcs\u00fcn\u00fc ve halk edebiyat\u0131 naz\u0131m bi\u00e7imlerini kulanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.
\n
\nPir Sultan Abdal :<\/strong> Be\u015fta\u015fi ve alevi gelene\u011fine ba\u011fl\u0131d\u0131r. Alevili\u011fi yaymak amac\u0131yla yaz\u0131lan \u015fiirlerde co\u015fkun bir lirizm vard\u0131r.Divan edebiyat\u0131ndan hemen hi\u00e7 etkilenmemi\u015ftir.Osmanl\u0131 devleti aleyhine yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 politikalar nedeniyle idam edilmi\u015ftir. Devletin ileri gelenleriyle ilgili yergi \u015fiirleri yazm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.Din d\u0131\u015f\u0131 konular\u0131 da i\u015flemi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

\"Reblog<\/a>