{"id":1438,"date":"2010-02-27T15:34:59","date_gmt":"2010-02-27T13:34:59","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/?p=1438"},"modified":"2010-02-27T15:36:15","modified_gmt":"2010-02-27T13:36:15","slug":"erozyonun-barajlarimiz-ve-sularimiz-acisindan-onemi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/erozyonun-barajlarimiz-ve-sularimiz-acisindan-onemi.html","title":{"rendered":"Erozyonun Barajlar\u0131m\u0131z ve Sular\u0131m\u0131z A\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan \u00d6nemi"},"content":{"rendered":"

B\u00fcy\u00fck yat\u0131r\u0131mlar yap\u0131larak \u00e7e\u015fitli ama\u00e7lar i\u00e7in tesis edilen, bir amac\u0131 da sulama olan barajlar\u0131m\u0131z, akarsu ve y\u00fczey ak\u0131\u015flar\u0131n ta\u015f\u0131d\u0131\u011f\u0131 toprak materyali ile planlanan ekonomik \u00f6m\u00fcrlerinden daha k\u0131sa s\u00fcrede dolmakta ve i\u015flevlerini yitirmektedir. Genelde ekonomik \u00f6m\u00fcrleri 50 y\u0131l olarak belirlenen baz\u0131 barajlar\u0131n a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 erozyon etkisi ile 15-20 y\u0131lda dolduklar\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fclm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr (Karamanl\u0131 13 y\u0131l, Alt\u0131napa 10 y\u0131l, Kartalkaya 19 y\u0131l, Kemer 22 y\u0131l).<\/p>\n

Yap\u0131lan \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcmlere g\u00f6re;<\/strong><\/p>\n

– Dicle Nehri\u2019nin 26,7 milyon ton\/y\u0131l<\/strong><\/p>\n

– F\u0131rat Nehri\u2019nin 16,8 milyon ton\/y\u0131l<\/strong><\/p>\n

– K\u0131z\u0131l\u0131rmak Nehri\u2019nin 15,7 milyon ton\/y\u0131l<\/strong><\/p>\n

– \u00c7oruh Nehri\u2019nin 7,8 milyon ton\/y\u0131l<\/strong> sediment ta\u015f\u0131d\u0131\u011f\u0131 tespit edilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

F\u0131rat \u00fczerinde tesis edilmi\u015f olan Keban Baraj\u0131\u2019na her y\u0131l en az 32 milyon ton toprak ta\u015f\u0131nm\u0131\u015f ve tesis tarihi olan 1974 y\u0131l\u0131ndan 2001 y\u0131l\u0131na dek yakla\u015f\u0131k olarak 850 milyon ton toprak baraj taban\u0131na y\u0131\u011f\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n

D\u00fcnya genelinde erozyonla kaybedilen toprak miktar\u0131 24 milyar tondur. \u00dclkemizde her y\u0131l kaybolan 500 milyon tona yak\u0131n verimli topraklarla birlikte 9 milyon ton bitki besin maddesi de yitirilmektedir. Bu \u00f6zelli \u011f i ile de erozyon, ekosistemin ve sular\u0131n kirletilmesinde en b\u00fcy\u00fck etken olmaktad\u0131r. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc y\u00fczey ak\u0131\u015flar\u0131 ile ta\u015f\u0131nan bitki besin maddeleri (g\u00fcbre dahil) ve tar\u0131m ila\u00e7lar\u0131 su kaynaklar\u0131n\u0131n kirlenmesine neden olmaktad\u0131r. \u00dclkemizdeki ortalama y\u0131ll\u0131k toprak kayb\u0131 Avrupa\u2019da olu \u015f an kayb\u0131n 9,5 kat\u0131, Avustralya\u2019da olu \u015f an kayb\u0131n 2,9 kat\u0131, Amerika\u2019da olu\u015fan\u0131n 1,6 kat\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Barajlar, akarsular\u0131n ta\u015f\u0131d\u0131klar\u0131 toprak materyalini tutmak suretiyle denize kavu\u015ftuklar\u0131 yerlerde olu\u015fturduklar\u0131 deltalar\u0131n beslenmesini engellemekte, denizlerin deltalar\u0131 a\u015f\u0131nd\u0131rmas\u0131na-k\u0131y\u0131 erozyonuna neden olmakta, denizlerin karalar \u00fczerinde ilerlemeleri sorununu da yaratmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

B\u00fcy\u00fck yat\u0131r\u0131mlar yap\u0131larak \u00e7e\u015fitli ama\u00e7lar i\u00e7in tesis edilen, bir amac\u0131 da sulama olan barajlar\u0131m\u0131z, akarsu ve y\u00fczey ak\u0131\u015flar\u0131n ta\u015f\u0131d\u0131\u011f\u0131 toprak materyali ile planlanan ekonomik \u00f6m\u00fcrlerinden daha k\u0131sa s\u00fcrede dolmakta ve i\u015flevlerini yitirmektedir. Genelde ekonomik \u00f6m\u00fcrleri 50 y\u0131l olarak belirlenen baz\u0131 barajlar\u0131n a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 erozyon etkisi ile 15-20 y\u0131lda dolduklar\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fclm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr (Karamanl\u0131 13 y\u0131l, Alt\u0131napa 10 y\u0131l, … Devam\u0131n\u0131 oku…<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[23,7],"tags":[487,488],"class_list":["post-1438","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-cografya","category-dn","tag-barajlar","tag-barajlarin-onemi"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1438","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1438"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1438\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1438"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1438"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1438"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}