{"id":1396,"date":"2010-02-14T11:03:16","date_gmt":"2010-02-14T09:03:16","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/?p=1396"},"modified":"2010-02-14T11:03:16","modified_gmt":"2010-02-14T09:03:16","slug":"turkiye%e2%80%99de-nufusun-farkli-dagilisinda-etkili-olan-faktorler","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/turkiye%e2%80%99de-nufusun-farkli-dagilisinda-etkili-olan-faktorler.html","title":{"rendered":"T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de n\u00fcfusun farkl\u0131 da\u011f\u0131l\u0131\u015f\u0131nda etkili olan fakt\u00f6rler"},"content":{"rendered":"

T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de n\u00fcfusun farkl\u0131 da\u011f\u0131l\u0131\u015f\u0131nda etkili olan fakt\u00f6rler \u015funlard\u0131r:<\/p>\n

1. Fiziki Fakt\u00f6rler<\/strong><\/p>\n

a. \u0130klim \u00f6zellikleri: \u00dclkemizde n\u00fcfusun yo\u011fun oldu\u011fu yerlerin, genelde k\u0131y\u0131 b\u00f6lgeler olmas\u0131nda \u0131l\u0131man iklimin b\u00fcy\u00fck etkisi vard\u0131r. Kurak ve k\u0131\u015flar\u0131 a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 so\u011fuk ge\u00e7en yerlerde n\u00fcfus fazla yo\u011fun de\u011fildir.
\nb. Yer\u015fekilleri: \u00dclkemizde y\u00fcksek ve engebeli yerlerde n\u00fcfus azd\u0131r. Do\u011fu Anadolu B\u00f6lgesi, Ta\u015feli pl\u00e2-tosu, Mente\u015fe y\u00f6resi gibi yerler bunlara \u00f6rnek verilebilir.
\nc. Toprak \u00f6zellikleri: Verimli topraklar\u0131n bulundu\u011fu alanlar (\u00c7ukurova<\/a>, Gediz, B. Menderes) n\u00fcfus\u00e7a kalabal\u0131k iken, Tuz G\u00f6l\u00fc \u00e7evresi gibi yerlerde verimsiz topraklar bulundu\u011fundan n\u00fcfus \u00e7ok azd\u0131r.
\n2. Be\u015feri Fakt\u00f6rler<\/strong><\/p>\n

a. Sanayile\u015fme: B\u00fct\u00fcn D\u00fcnya\u2019da oldu\u011fu gibi T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de de, sanayile\u015fmenin artt\u0131\u011f\u0131 yerlerde n\u00fcfus yo\u011funlu\u011fu artm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. \u0130stanbul<\/a>, \u0130zmit<\/a>, Adapazar\u0131<\/a>, Bursa<\/a>, Adana<\/a> ve \u0130zmir<\/a> buna \u00f6rnektir.
\nb. Tar\u0131m: Tar\u0131m\u0131n geli\u015fti\u011fi yerler yo\u011fun n\u00fcfusludur. \u00c7ukurova, Gediz, Bafra ve \u00c7ar\u015famba ovalar\u0131 \u00e7evresi gibi.
\nc. Yeralt\u0131 kaynaklar\u0131: Madenlerin veya enerji kaynaklar\u0131n\u0131n i\u015fletilmesinde yo\u011fun n\u00fcfusa ihtiya\u00e7 oldu\u011fundan, bu alanlarda da n\u00fcfus fazlad\u0131r. Zonguldak, Soma, Elbistan buna \u00f6rnektir.
\nd. Turizm: \u00dclkemizde, Ege ve Akdeniz k\u0131y\u0131lar\u0131ndaki merkezlerde turizmden dolay\u0131 n\u00fcfus yo\u011funla\u015fm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.
\ne. Ula\u015f\u0131m: Ula\u015f\u0131m yollar\u0131 kav\u015fa\u011f\u0131nda bulunan illerimizin n\u00fcfusu artm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Eski\u015fehir<\/a>, Ankara<\/a>, Kayseri, \u0130stanbul gibi illerin geli\u015fmesinde, ula\u015f\u0131m yollar\u0131 \u00fczerinde bulunmalar\u0131 da etkili olmu\u015ftur.
\nN\u00dcFUS YO\u011eUNLU\u011eU<\/strong><\/p>\n

1. Aritmetik N\u00fcfus Yo\u011funlu\u011fu
\nBir \u00fclke veya b\u00f6lgedeki toplam n\u00fcfusun, o \u00fclke veya b\u00f6lgenin y\u00fcz\u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcm\u00fcne b\u00f6l\u00fcnmesiyle elde edilen say\u0131ya, aritmetik n\u00fcfus yo\u011funlu\u011fudenir.
\nT\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin y\u00fcz\u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcm\u00fc (izd\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm alan\u0131 olarak) 779.452 km2, toplam n\u00fcfusu da 62.865.574 (1997) dir. Buna g\u00f6re, T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin aritmetik n\u00fcfus yo\u011funlu\u011fu, 1997 y\u0131l\u0131na g\u00f6re yakla\u015f\u0131k olarak 81’dir. Ancak, bu yo\u011funluk \u00e7ok kaba olarak n\u00fcfusun da\u011f\u0131l\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6sterir ve sadece \u00fclkelerin n\u00fcfus yo\u011funluklar\u0131n\u0131 k\u0131yaslamak i\u00e7in kullan\u0131l\u0131r. Oysa il ve il\u00e7elerin n\u00fcfuslar\u0131 ve y\u00fcz\u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcmleri dikkate al\u0131narak yap\u0131lan aritmetik yo\u011funluk, ger\u00e7e\u011fe daha yak\u0131n rakamlar vermektedir.
\n2. Tar\u0131msal N\u00fcfus Yo\u011funlu\u011fu
\nBir \u00fclkede veya herhangi bir sahada, tar\u0131m ve hayvanc\u0131l\u0131kla ge\u00e7inen n\u00fcfusun, tar\u0131msal alana b\u00f6l\u00fcnmesiyle elde edilen n\u00fcfus yo\u011funlu\u011funatar\u0131msal n\u00fcfus yo\u011funlu\u011fudenir. Bu y\u00f6ntem, aritmetik n\u00fcfus yo\u011funlu\u011funa g\u00f6re, daha ger\u00e7ek\u00e7idir.
\nT\u00fcrkiye\u2019de tar\u0131msal n\u00fcfus yo\u011funlu\u011fu b\u00f6lge ve iller aras\u0131nda farkl\u0131l\u0131k g\u00f6sterir. Bunda yer\u015fekillerinin da\u011fl\u0131k ve oval\u0131k olmas\u0131yla, tar\u0131mda \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan n\u00fcfusun miktar\u0131 etkili olmaktad\u0131r.
\nGenel olarak, tar\u0131msal n\u00fcfus yo\u011funlu\u011fu, da\u011fl\u0131k alanlar\u0131m\u0131zda fazla, geni\u015f tar\u0131msal ovalar\u0131m\u0131zda ise d\u00fc\u015f\u00fckt\u00fcr.
\n3. Fizyolojik N\u00fcfus Yo\u011funlu\u011fu
\nToplam n\u00fcfusun, ekili – dikili alanlara b\u00f6l\u00fcnmesiyle ortaya \u00e7\u0131kan yo\u011funlu\u011fa fizyolojik n\u00fcfus yo\u011funlu\u011fu denilmektedir.
\nT\u00dcRK\u0130YE N\u00dcFUSUNUN \u00d6ZELL\u0130KLER\u0130 (N\u00dcFUS YAPISI)<\/strong>
\nBir \u00fclke n\u00fcfusunun cinsiyet, ya\u015f, e\u011fitim, ekonomik durumu gibi \u00f6zellikleri o \u00fclkenin n\u00fcfus yap\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6sterir.
\n1. N\u00fcfusun ya\u015f gruplar\u0131 ve cinsiyetlere g\u00f6re da\u011f\u0131l\u0131m\u0131
\n\u2022 N\u00fcfusun ya\u015f durumu
\nN\u00fcfus, ya\u015f gruplar\u0131na g\u00f6re, gen\u00e7, olgun ve ya\u015fl\u0131 olmak \u00fczere 3 k\u0131sma ayr\u0131l\u0131r.
\n0 – 14 \u00ae Gen\u00e7 n\u00fcfus
\n15 – 64 \u00ae Olgun n\u00fcfus
\n65 + \u2026 \u00ae Ya\u015fl\u0131 n\u00fcfus
\nBa\u011f\u0131m l\u0131 \u00fcfus oran\u0131, geli\u015fmi\u015f \u00fclkelerde az iken, az geli\u015fmi\u015f \u00fclkelerde fazlad\u0131r.
\nT\u00fcrkiye\u2019de 1935 ve 1990 y\u0131llar\u0131 n\u00fcfus grafikler
\n1935 y\u0131l\u0131 T\u00fcrkiye n\u00fcfus grafi\u011fi: Bu grafik, T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin geli\u015fmekte oldu\u011funu g\u00f6sterir. 0 – 4 ya\u015f grubunun olu\u015fturdu\u011fu taban\u0131n \u00e7ok geni\u015f olmas\u0131, do\u011fum oran\u0131n\u0131n \u00e7ok y\u00fcksek oldu\u011funu g\u00f6stermektedir.
\n1990 y\u0131l\u0131 T\u00fcrkiye n\u00fcfus grafi\u011fi: Bu grafikten de, T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin geli\u015fmekte oldu\u011fu anla\u015f\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. Ancak, 0 – 4 ya\u015f grubu, 1935 y\u0131l\u0131na g\u00f6re daha dard\u0131r. Bu da \u00fclkemizde do\u011fum oran\u0131n\u0131n azald\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6stermektedir.<\/p>\n

\"Reblog<\/a>