{"id":1372,"date":"2010-02-11T22:07:26","date_gmt":"2010-02-11T20:07:26","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/?p=1372"},"modified":"2010-02-11T22:07:26","modified_gmt":"2010-02-11T20:07:26","slug":"ataturk%e2%80%99un-tarim-alaninda-getirdigi-yenilikler","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/ataturk%e2%80%99un-tarim-alaninda-getirdigi-yenilikler.html","title":{"rendered":"Atat\u00fcrk\u2019\u00fcn Tar\u0131m alan\u0131nda getirdi\u011fi yenilikler"},"content":{"rendered":"

Yurdumuzun Atat\u00fcrk d\u00f6nemine ait ekonomik ve tar\u0131msal anlamda yap\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a belirtmek i\u00e7in Cumhuriyetten evvelki Osmanl\u0131 \u0130mparatorlu\u011fu\u2019na ait d\u00f6nemi k\u0131saca g\u00f6zden ge\u00e7irmek yerinde olur.
\nOsmanl\u0131 \u0130mparatorlu\u011fu\u2019nun sava\u015ftan \u00f6nce \u00e7ok c\u0131l\u0131z bir ekonomiye ve sanayi kurulu\u015funa sahip oldu\u011funu, 1913 Sanayi Say\u0131m\u0131 sonu\u00e7lar\u0131ndan \u00f6\u011freniyoruz.<\/p>\n

1913\u2019de makine kullan\u0131lan ancak 269 i\u015fyeri vard\u0131. Ve bu i\u015fyerlerinde 1700 i\u015f\u00e7i \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131yordu. G\u0131da end\u00fcstrisinde 76, mensucat end\u00fcstrisinde 75 i\u015fyeri mevcuttu. Di\u011fer \u00f6nemli sanayiler, topraktan mamul e\u015fya, deri, k\u00f6sele gibi di\u011fer sekt\u00f6rler idi. K\u0131sacas\u0131 1914 y\u0131l\u0131nda Osmanl\u0131 Devleti\u2019nin ekonomik durumu tam bir iflas\u0131n e\u015fi\u011finde bulunuyordu. \u00dclkenin b\u00fct\u00fcn gelir kaynaklar\u0131 ve serveti yabanc\u0131 devletlerin veya bu devletlere ba\u011fl\u0131 kurulu\u015flar\u0131n ipote\u011fi alt\u0131na girmi\u015fti. O zaman\u0131n para de\u011ferimize g\u00f6re d\u0131\u015f bor\u00e7lar\u0131m\u0131z\u0131n tutar\u0131 15 milyon Osmanl\u0131 Liras\u0131\u2019n\u0131 bulmu\u015ftur. Bu g\u00fcnk\u00fc de\u011feri trilyonlar\u0131n \u00fczerinde bir bor\u00e7!<\/p>\n

\u00dclkenin d\u0131\u015far\u0131ya satt\u0131\u011f\u0131 mallar\u0131n d\u0131\u015f piyasadaki d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck bedeli sebebiyle, hakiki de\u011ferin ancak %57\u2019si devlet kasas\u0131na giriyordu. 1881 y\u0131l\u0131nda kurulan \u201cD\u00fcyun-u Umumiye\u201d yurdun b\u00fct\u00fcn kaynaklar\u0131na el atm\u0131\u015f durumda idi <\/p>\n

Devletin b\u00fct\u00fcn gelirleri (vergileri) bu kurulu\u015fun elinde bor\u00e7lara kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k tutuluyordu. Yabanc\u0131lar\u0131n yapm\u0131\u015f oldu\u011fu yat\u0131r\u0131mlar\u0131n tutarlar\u0131 6 milyar\u0131 bulmakta, bunlar\u0131n kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 her y\u0131l 29 milyona yak\u0131n Osmanl\u0131 Liras\u0131 d\u0131\u015far\u0131 \u00e7\u0131k\u0131yordu. \u00d6demeler dengesinde b\u00fcy\u00fck bir a\u00e7\u0131kl\u0131k vard\u0131. Sermaye birikimi \u015f\u00f6yle dursun, bo\u011faz\u0131m\u0131za kadar borca girmi\u015ftik. Sanayinin \u201cs\u201dsinden bahsetmemiz dahi m\u00fcmk\u00fcn de\u011fildi.
\nO zaman n\u00fcfusumuz 14 milyondur. Tespit edilen gayri safi milli has\u0131la 210 milyon lirad\u0131r. Bunun %15\u2019e yak\u0131n\u0131 bor\u00e7lar\u0131n kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 yurtd\u0131\u015f\u0131na \u00e7\u0131kmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

1914 Devlet B\u00fct\u00e7esi yakla\u015f\u0131k 30 milyon Osmanl\u0131 Liras\u0131\u2019d\u0131r. D\u0131\u015fa \u00f6denen mebla\u011f yakla\u015f\u0131k 32 milyon Osmanl\u0131 Liras\u0131\u2019d\u0131r. Yani devletin y\u0131ll\u0131k gelirinin (b\u00fct\u00e7esinin) tamam\u0131 bor\u00e7lar\u0131m\u0131z\u0131 bile \u00f6deyecek miktarda de\u011fil. K\u0131sacas\u0131 Devlet iflas etmi\u015f. Anadolu kendi kaderine terk edilmi\u015ftir.
\nTam olarak d\u0131\u015fa ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131 bir \u00fclke haline getirilen Osmanl\u0131 Devleti\u2019nin 1914 D\u00fcnya Sava\u015f\u0131\u2019na s\u00fcr\u00fcklenmesi ekonomik ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 yitirmi\u015f olmas\u0131ndan ileri gelmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

Sava\u015f sonunda n\u00fcfusu 12 milyona inmi\u015f olan Osmanl\u0131 topraklar\u0131 yer yer i\u015fgal alt\u0131na girmi\u015f, art\u0131k Osmanl\u0131 Devleti\u2019nin kaderi i\u015fgalci devletlerin insaf\u0131na ve aralar\u0131ndaki \u00e7\u0131kar \u00e7at\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n\u0131n durumuna terk olunmu\u015ftur.
\nOsmanl\u0131 \u0130mparatorlu\u011fu\u2019nun son zamanlardaki ekonomik \u00e7\u00f6k\u00fcnt\u00fcs\u00fc Milli M\u00fccadele y\u0131llar\u0131nda da devam etti. Yeterli silah ve te\u00e7hizat\u0131 bulunmayan e\u011fitim d\u00fczeyi son derece zay\u0131f, ula\u015f\u0131m ara\u00e7 ve imkanlar\u0131ndan mahrum bir ordu ile Kurtulu\u015f Sava\u015f\u0131\u2019n\u0131n kazan\u0131lmas\u0131, Atat\u00fcrk\u2019\u00fcn askeri dehas\u0131, liderlik vasf\u0131, ordunun kuvvetli ve kararl\u0131 olu\u015fu ile a\u00e7\u0131klanabilir. Bunun i\u00e7in Milli M\u00fccadele sona ermeden Atat\u00fcrk\u2019\u00fcn ilk i\u015fi eksikliklerini ve s\u0131k\u0131nt\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131 her zaman duydu\u011fu iki alanda devrimlerini ba\u015flatmak olmu\u015ftu.<\/p>\n

Bunlardan birincisi Bursa<\/a>\u2019da toplad\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u201cMaarif Kongresi\u201d, di\u011feri de \u0130zmir<\/a>\u2019de toplad\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u201c\u0130ktisat Kongresi\u201d idi.
\nAtat\u00fcrk d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnde ekonomik konuda g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc olmak, milletin istiklali ve memleketin ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ile paraleldir. Ve \u00e7ok \u00f6nemlidir. Ekonomik y\u00f6nden geri kalmak, esir olmak anlam\u0131na gelir. Bu nedenle Atat\u00fcrk yeni T\u00fcrkiye\u2019yi yarat\u0131rken tarihteki hatalar\u0131 tekrarlamayacak bir yol izlemektedir.<\/p>\n

Atat\u00fcrk \u0130lkeleri aras\u0131nda Devlet\u00e7ilikle, milli ekonomiden g\u00fc\u00e7 alan bir Milli E\u011fitimle, T\u00fcrk toplumunu b\u00fct\u00fcn sosyal kurulu\u015flar\u0131 ile \u00e7a\u011fda\u015f uygarl\u0131k do\u011frultusunda kalk\u0131nd\u0131rmak anlam\u0131na gelir. Daha k\u0131sa bir deyi\u015fle Devlet\u00e7ilik milli ekonomidir.
\nO y\u0131llarda T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin bir yan\u0131nda Fa\u015fizm, bir yan\u0131nda kom\u00fcnist bir y\u00f6ntem y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011fe girmi\u015fti. Atat\u00fcrk \u00f6teden beri, hareket serbestli\u011fini k\u0131s\u0131tlad\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in bir tak\u0131m teorilere ve ideolojilere kar\u015f\u0131 idi. Bu nedenle Atat\u00fcrk bunlar\u0131n hi\u00e7birine saplanmad\u0131. T\u00fcrkiye\u2019ye ekonomik i\u015flerde T\u00fcrk Milleti\u2019nin ger\u00e7eklerini yans\u0131tan yepyeni bir g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f getirmek amac\u0131nda idi.
\n1922 y\u0131l\u0131nda Atat\u00fcrk, \u201cT\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin ger\u00e7ek sahibi ve efendisi, hakiki \u00fcretici olan k\u00f6yl\u00fcd\u00fcr. O halde, herkesten daha \u00e7ok refah, saadet ve servete hak kazanan ve l\u00e2y\u0131k olan da k\u00f6yl\u00fcd\u00fcr. T.B.M.M. H\u00fck\u00fcmeti\u2019nin izleyece\u011fi yol bu temel y\u00f6nde olmal\u0131d\u0131r\u201d diyordu. Dedi\u011fini de yap\u0131yordu, yapt\u0131r\u0131yordu.<\/p>\n

Bir taraftan \u00e7ift\u00e7inin \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131 geli\u015ftirmek i\u00e7in k\u00f6yl\u00fclere gerekli bilgiyi vermeye, tar\u0131m ara\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131 kullanmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flayarak makinenin yayg\u0131nla\u015fmas\u0131na \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131yor, di\u011fer yandan \u00e7ift\u00e7i ve k\u00f6yl\u00fcn\u00fcn emeklerinin sonu\u00e7lar\u0131ndan y\u00fcksek seviyede yararlanmas\u0131 amac\u0131 ile gerekli ekonomik tedbirlerin al\u0131nmas\u0131n\u0131n zorunlu oldu\u011funu belirtiyordu. Daha o y\u0131llarda tar\u0131m okullar\u0131n\u0131n a\u00e7\u0131lmas\u0131na ba\u015flad\u0131. \u00c7ift\u00e7inin di\u011fer modern ara\u00e7 ve gere\u00e7lerle desteklenmesi i\u00e7in gerekli at\u0131l\u0131mlara y\u00f6n verildi.<\/p>\n

Bu at\u0131l\u0131mlar\u0131n amac\u0131n\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131klarken devlet\u00e7ilik ilkesinin izleyece\u011fi yak\u0131n ekonomik y\u00f6n\u00fcn\u00fc de \u00e7iziyor Atat\u00fcrk. \u00c7al\u0131\u015fanlar\u0131n hayat seviyesinin y\u00fckseltilmesini sa\u011flayacak olan tedbirlerin al\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, Zonguldak \u0130\u015f\u00e7i Kanunu, Anadolu\u2019da Genel Ta\u015f\u0131ma \u0130\u015flerini Kolayla\u015ft\u0131rmak \u0130\u00e7in \u0130\u015fletmecilere Gerekli M\u00fcsaadeleri Veren Y\u00f6netmelik, Asker Ailelerine Yard\u0131m, Tar\u0131m M\u00fckellefiyeti Y\u00f6netmeli\u011fi, Tohumluk Da\u011f\u0131t\u0131m\u0131, Ziraat Bankas\u0131 Arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 ile \u0130\u015f\u00e7ilere Tar\u0131m Ara\u00e7 ve Gere\u00e7lerinin Da\u011f\u0131t\u0131lmas\u0131 vb. konularla ilgili y\u00f6netmeliklerin uygulanmas\u0131na ba\u015flad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 daha ilk y\u0131llarda g\u00f6r\u00fcyoruz.<\/p>\n

Atat\u00fcrk 1923 y\u0131l\u0131nda yapm\u0131\u015f oldu\u011fu bir konu\u015fmada; \u201cmilletin ba\u015fkan\u0131 olan zat\u0131n, halka do\u011fruyu s\u00f6ylemesi, halk\u0131 dinlemesi ve halk\u0131 aldatmamas\u0131\u201d gere\u011fi \u00fczerinde durmakta; \u201cHalk\u0131 genel durumdan haberdar etmek i\u00e7in son derece \u00f6nem ta\u015f\u0131r, \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc her \u015fey a\u00e7\u0131k s\u00f6ylendi\u011fi zaman halk\u0131n beyni \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmaya ba\u015flayacakt\u0131r. \u0130yi \u015feyleri yapacak, milletin zarar\u0131na olan \u015feyleri reddederek \u015funun veya bunun arkas\u0131ndan gitmeyecektir\u201d demektedir.<\/p>\n

T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de ilk sanayi plan\u0131n\u0131 haz\u0131rlatarak bu plan\u0131 ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirmi\u015ftir. B\u00f6ylece plan d\u0131\u015f\u0131na \u00e7\u0131kamayacak olan y\u00f6neticilerin, vatanda\u015flar\u0131n her iste\u011fine evet demesinin \u00f6n\u00fcne ge\u00e7mi\u015ftir. Onun bu uygulamas\u0131n\u0131n en belirgin \u00f6rne\u011fi \u015fudur:
\n\u201cHer vatanda\u015f\u0131n arzu etti\u011fini yapmay\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnmek, hayalperestliktir.<\/p>\n

Yap\u0131labilecek \u015fey herkesin arzusunun ortalamas\u0131 olabilir. Arkada\u015flar hepinizce malumdur ki, Parti ve ona mensup arkada\u015flar\u0131n t\u00fcm\u00fc hi\u00e7bir zaman yapmad\u0131klar\u0131 ve yapamayacaklar\u0131 \u015feyler hakk\u0131nda kamu oyunu aldat\u0131c\u0131 bir vaatte bulunmamay\u0131 bir prensip olarak kabul etmi\u015flerdir.<\/p>\n

Tar\u0131m Alan\u0131nda Geli\u015fme:<\/strong><\/p>\n

T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin ekonomik kalk\u0131nmas\u0131 k\u00f6y\u00fcn ve k\u00f6yl\u00fcn\u00fcn kalk\u0131nmas\u0131na ba\u011fl\u0131 idi. Bir tar\u0131m memleketi olan Anadolu\u2019nun en belli ba\u015fl\u0131 kayna\u011f\u0131 tar\u0131m ve hayvanc\u0131l\u0131kt\u0131r. Osmanl\u0131 \u0130mparatorlu\u011fu\u2019nun son y\u0131llar\u0131nda ilgisizlik y\u00fcz\u00fcnden T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin tar\u0131m\u0131 geli\u015fememi\u015f, pek ilkel bir \u015fekilde kalm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Bu geri kal\u0131\u015fta ayd\u0131n s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131n, milletimizin \u00e7oklu\u011funu te\u015fkil eden ve \u00fcretici olan k\u00f6yl\u00fcye kar\u015f\u0131 kay\u0131ts\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n da pay\u0131 vard\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Cumhuriyet H\u00fck\u00fcmeti\u2019nin K\u00f6yc\u00fcl\u00fck Siyaseti\u2019nde kabul etti\u011fi esaslar \u015funlard\u0131r:<\/strong><\/p>\n

1.K\u00f6yl\u00fcden a\u011f\u0131r vergileri kald\u0131rmak.
\n2.K\u00f6ye para ve kredi sa\u011flamak.
\n3.K\u00f6yl\u00fcn\u00fcn \u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fcn\u00fc geli\u015ftirme ve koruma.
\n4.K\u00f6yl\u00fcn\u00fcn bilgi ve g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fc y\u00fckseltmek.
\n5.Topra\u011f\u0131 olmayan \u00e7ift\u00e7ilere toprak da\u011f\u0131tmak.<\/p>\n

Osmanl\u0131 \u0130mparatorlu\u011fu\u2019nda k\u00f6yl\u00fc h\u00fck\u00fcmete vergi verirdi, buna A\u015far denirdi. Her \u00e7e\u015fit toprak gelirinden onda birini devlet vergi olarak almakta idi. Cumhuriyet idaresi k\u00f6yl\u00fcy\u00fc ezen ve sefalete g\u00f6t\u00fcren A\u015far usul\u00fcn\u00fc kald\u0131rmaya karar verdi (17 \u015eubat 1925). Yerine arazi vergisi kondu.<\/p>\n

K\u00f6yl\u00fcye Para ve Kredi Temini:<\/strong><\/p>\n

A\u015far Sistemi y\u00fcz\u00fcnden k\u00f6yl\u00fc paras\u0131z, tohumsuz ve hayvans\u0131z kalm\u0131\u015f, k\u00f6yl\u00fcye \u00fcretim sermayesi sa\u011flamak amac\u0131 ile 4 bin lira da\u011f\u0131tt\u0131. Bu para faizsiz uzun vadeli olarak verilmi\u015fti. Bu para ile k\u00f6yl\u00fc \u00e7ift, \u00e7ubuk, tohum gibi eksiklerini tamamlad\u0131. Ziraat Bankas\u0131 kredi \u015fartlar\u0131n\u0131 kolayla\u015ft\u0131rd\u0131. K\u00f6yl\u00fclere kredi verilmesini sa\u011flad\u0131. 1929 y\u0131l\u0131nda Tar\u0131m Kredi Kooperatifleri kuruldu. \u00c7ift\u00e7ilere kredi bulmak imkan\u0131n\u0131 verdi.<\/p>\n

K\u00f6yl\u00fcn\u00fcn \u00dcr\u00fcnlerini Geli\u015ftirme ve Koruma:<\/p>\n

Memleketin bir\u00e7ok yerlerinde \u201cTohum Islah \u0130stasyonlar\u0131\u201d kuruldu. K\u00f6yl\u00fclere pulluk da\u011f\u0131t\u0131ld\u0131. Trakt\u00f6r kullanan \u00e7ift\u00e7iler korundu. Zira\u00ee Donat\u0131m Kurumu, \u00e7ift\u00e7inin tar\u0131m aleti, makine ve kimyasal g\u00fcbre ihtiyac\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flad\u0131. Halka paras\u0131z fidan verdi. Numune \u00e7iftlikleri a\u00e7t\u0131. Dalaman \u00c7iftli\u011fi en b\u00fcy\u00fck numune \u00e7iftli\u011fi haline getirildi. Ankara\u2019da Gazi Orman \u00c7iftli\u011fi\u2019ni kurdu. H\u00fck\u00fcmet bu\u011fday fiyat\u0131n\u0131 korumak i\u00e7in gerekli g\u00f6rd\u00fc\u011f\u00fc zaman Ziraat Bankas\u0131 ve \u201cToprak Mahsulleri Ofisi\u201d arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 ile bu\u011fday al\u0131m sat\u0131\u015f i\u015flerini de \u00fczerine ald\u0131.<\/p>\n

Tar\u0131m Okullar\u0131:<\/strong><\/p>\n

Bir\u00e7ok tar\u0131m okulu a\u00e7\u0131ld\u0131 (Ankara\u2019da a\u00e7\u0131lan Ziraat Fak\u00fcltesi\u2019dir). Bu fak\u00fclte Ziraat M\u00fchendisleri yeti\u015ftirir. Ziraat okullar\u0131 ile di\u011fer tar\u0131m kurulu\u015flar\u0131 teknik bilgileri \u00e7ift\u00e7ilere ula\u015ft\u0131rmak ve teknik elemanlara yeni bilgiler vermek maksad\u0131 ile kurslar a\u00e7t\u0131.<\/p>\n

Topraks\u0131z \u00c7ift\u00e7iyi Toprakland\u0131rma:<\/p>\n

K\u00f6yl\u00fc vatanda\u015flar\u0131n b\u00fcy\u00fck bir k\u0131sm\u0131 topraks\u0131z idi. Cumhuriyet h\u00fck\u00fcmeti, k\u00f6yl\u00fcy\u00fc toprak sahibi yapmak i\u00e7in bir\u00e7ok kanunlar \u00e7\u0131kard\u0131. 1925\u2019de kabul edilen bir kanuna g\u00f6re; K\u00f6yl\u00fcye toprak vermek i\u00e7in h\u00fck\u00fcmete ait toprak yoksa, h\u00fck\u00fcmet arazi al\u0131r ve verir. \u0130lk on y\u0131lda k\u00f6yl\u00fcye 1.077.526 d\u00f6n\u00fcm arazi da\u011f\u0131t\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Toprak sahibi olan k\u00f6yl\u00fcn\u00fcn toprak, tohumluk, tar\u0131m ara\u00e7lar\u0131 bor\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131n 20 y\u0131lda \u00f6denmesi kabul edildi. \u0130lk i\u015fletilen arazi, yeni yeti\u015ftirilmeye ba\u015flanan fidanl\u0131klar, ba\u011flar ve zeytinliklerden belirli bir s\u00fcre i\u00e7in vergi al\u0131nmamas\u0131 kural\u0131 kabul edildi.<\/p>\n

Ormanc\u0131l\u0131k:<\/strong><\/p>\n

Ormanc\u0131l\u0131k Osmanl\u0131 \u0130mparatorlu\u011fu\u2019nun son devirlerinde korunamad\u0131. Cumhuriyet H\u00fck\u00fcmeti ormanc\u0131l\u0131\u011fa \u00f6nem vererek \u015fu esaslar\u0131 kabul etti.<\/p>\n

1.A\u011fa\u00e7 kesimini, orman biliminin g\u00f6sterdi\u011fi ko\u015fullar ve belirtti\u011fi miktar\u0131 a\u015fmadan yapmak.
\n2.\u00c7\u0131plak alanlar\u0131m\u0131z\u0131 yeniden a\u011fa\u00e7land\u0131rmak.
\n3.Fenni ormanlar yeti\u015ftirmek.
\n4.Ormanlar\u0131m\u0131z\u0131 bir zenginlik kayna\u011f\u0131 haline getirmek. \u0130zmit\u2019te \u201cKa\u011f\u0131t ve Sel\u00fcloz Fabrikas\u0131\u201d, Gemlik\u2019te \u201cSuni \u0130pek Fabrikas\u0131\u201d, \u0130stanbul\u2019da \u201cKibrit ve Kontraplak Fabrikas\u0131\u201d ba\u015fl\u0131calar\u0131ndand\u0131r. Orman Fak\u00fcltesi de kurulmu\u015ftur.<\/p>\n

Hayvanc\u0131l\u0131k:<\/strong><\/p>\n

Tar\u0131mda oldu\u011fu gibi hayvanc\u0131l\u0131kta da geri durumda idik. Hayvanlar\u0131n b\u00fcy\u00fck bir k\u0131sm\u0131 hastal\u0131ktan yok oluyordu. Hayvan hastal\u0131klar\u0131 ile geni\u015f \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde m\u00fccadeleye giri\u015fildi. S\u0131\u011f\u0131r vebas\u0131, dalak, Ruan, uyuz hastal\u0131klar\u0131 ile m\u00fccadele edildi. Salg\u0131n hastal\u0131klardan korunmak i\u00e7in; Ankara-Etlik, \u0130stanbul-Pendik Bakteriyoloji ve Seraloji Enstit\u00fcleri a\u00e7\u0131ld\u0131. Ayr\u0131ca hayvan sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ile ilgili m\u00fcesseseler kuruldu. Hayvan yeti\u015ftirmeyi geli\u015ftirmek i\u00e7in haralar a\u00e7\u0131ld\u0131. Ayr\u0131ca te\u015fvik i\u00e7in her y\u0131l hayvan sergileri a\u00e7\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. Sonu\u00e7 olarak; 1972\u2019de hayvanlar\u0131m\u0131z\u0131n say\u0131s\u0131 74.365.000\u2019e varm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. <\/p>\n

\"Reblog<\/a>