{"id":12339,"date":"2012-09-28T22:34:51","date_gmt":"2012-09-28T20:34:51","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/?p=12339"},"modified":"2012-09-28T22:34:51","modified_gmt":"2012-09-28T20:34:51","slug":"ani-hatirat-ve-ozellikleri","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/ani-hatirat-ve-ozellikleri.html","title":{"rendered":"An\u0131 (Hat\u0131rat) ve \u00d6zellikleri"},"content":{"rendered":"

Bir kimsenin kendi hayat\u0131n\u0131, ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131 devrede \u015fahidi oldu\u011fu ya da duydu\u011fu olaylar\u0131 edeb\u00ee de\u011fer ta\u015f\u0131yan bir dille anlatt\u0131\u011f\u0131 yaz\u0131lara an\u0131 <\/strong>(hat\u0131rat)<\/em> denir.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/p>\n

Bir ba\u015fka deyi\u015fle, \u00f6z\u00fcm\u00fczde bir iz b\u0131rakt\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in unutulmayan ve an\u0131lmaya de\u011fer buldu\u011fumuz olaylar\u0131 anlatan yaz\u0131 t\u00fcr\u00fcd\u00fcr.<\/p>\n

Edebiyat sahas\u0131n\u0131n en yayg\u0131n t\u00fcrlerinden biridir. Bu t\u00fcrde verilen eserlerin \u00e7ok de\u011fi\u015fik sahalarda olu\u015fu, ona belli bir s\u0131n\u0131r \u00e7izme imk\u00e2n\u0131n\u0131 zorla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131r.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/p>\n

An\u0131lar\u0131n \u00f6nde gelen \u00f6zelli\u011fi, yazar\u0131n\u0131n hayat\u0131n\u0131n belli bir kesitini almas\u0131 ve \u00e7ok sonra yaz\u0131ya d\u00f6k\u00fclmesidir.\u00a0<\/p>\n

\u0130\u00e7lerinde an\u0131 t\u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fcn \u00f6zelli\u011fi bulunabilecek seyahatname, sefaretname, muht\u0131ra, tezkire, menk\u0131be, g\u00fcnl\u00fck, otobiyografi <\/em>ve tarih<\/em><\/strong> t\u00fcrleri ile an\u0131<\/em> <\/strong>t\u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fc kar\u0131\u015ft\u0131rmamak gerekir. Bu t\u00fcrlerin her birinin yaz\u0131l\u0131\u015f gayeleri ayr\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n

\u00a0Ortak \u00f6zellikleri ise ya\u015fanm\u0131\u015f olaylar \u00fczerine kurulmu\u015f olmalar\u0131d\u0131r. Ancak bu \u00f6zellik, onlar\u0131 birbirinin yerine koyma sebebi olamaz.\u00a0<\/p>\n

An\u0131lar\u0131n, tarih\u00ee ger\u00e7eklerin a\u00e7\u0131klanmas\u0131 s\u0131ras\u0131nda, \u00f6nemli yard\u0131mlar\u0131 dokunur. An\u0131; tarih de\u011filse de, tarihe yard\u0131mc\u0131d\u0131r. Devirlerin \u00f6zelliklerini anlatan an\u0131lar, o devrin tarihini yazacaklar i\u00e7in \u00f6nemli birer belge niteli\u011findedir.<\/p>\n

\u00a0Bundan \u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fc, an\u0131 yazar\u0131, an\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131 yans\u0131t\u0131rken tarih\u00ee ger\u00e7eklerin bozulmamas\u0131na \u00e7ok dikkat etmelidir.<\/p>\n

\u00a0An\u0131 <\/em><\/strong>(Hat\u0131rat) ile g\u00fcnl\u00fck<\/em><\/strong>, en \u00e7ok kar\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lan iki t\u00fcrd\u00fcr. Bu iki t\u00fcr\u00fcn en \u00f6nemli ayr\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 g\u00fcnl\u00fcklerin ya\u015fan\u0131rken, an\u0131lar\u0131n ise hayatta ya da \u00f6mr\u00fcn sonunda kaleme al\u0131nmalar\u0131d\u0131r.\u00a0<\/p>\n

Her ne sebeple kaleme al\u0131n\u0131rsa al\u0131ns\u0131n an\u0131 t\u00fcr\u00fcnde d\u00fcr\u00fcstl\u00fck, samimiyet ve sorumluluk duygusu \u00f6n pl\u00e2nda tutulmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n

\u00a0An\u0131 yazarken \u00f6nce konu tespit edilmeli; sonra ya g\u00fcn\u00fc g\u00fcn\u00fcne tutulan notlar ya da haf\u0131zada saklanan olaylar zinciri, pl\u00e2na g\u00f6re d\u00fczenlenmelidir.<\/p>\n

\u00a0An\u0131 yaz\u0131l\u0131rken s\u00fcsl\u00fc sanatl\u0131 bir anlat\u0131mdan ka\u00e7\u0131nmal\u0131; a\u00e7\u0131k, sade ve ak\u0131c\u0131 bir \u00fcsl\u00fbp kullan\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r. Duygu ve d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnceler, i\u00e7tenlikle ger\u00e7e\u011fi yans\u0131tmal\u0131d\u0131r.\u00a0<\/p>\n

An\u0131lar, ya g\u00fcn\u00fc g\u00fcn\u00fcne tutulan notlar h\u00e2linde ya da sonradan hat\u0131rlanmak suretiyle yaz\u0131l\u0131r. Bat\u0131 edebiyat\u0131nda en \u00fcnl\u00fc an\u0131 yazarlar\u0131; Sain-Simon<\/em><\/strong> (1675-1755) ve Rousseau<\/em><\/strong> (1712-1778)’ dir.\u00a0<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n\n\n\n
Bat\u0131 edebiyat\u0131ndaki \u00fcnl\u00fc an\u0131 yazarlar\u0131 ve eserleri \u015funlard\u0131r:<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

Sain-Simon : “Hat\u0131ralar”<\/em><\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n

Rousseau \u00a0\u00a0: “\u0130tiraflar”<\/em><\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

T\u00fcrk edebiyat\u0131ndaki an\u0131 eserlerine \u00f6rnekler ise \u015funlard\u0131r:<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

Ziya Pa\u015fa : “Defter-i A’m\u00e2l”<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

Muallim Naci : “\u00d6mer’in \u00c7ocuklu\u011fu”<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

Ahmet Rasim : “Falaka”<\/strong><\/em> ve “Muharrir, \u015eair, Edip”<\/em><\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n

Halit Ziya U\u015eAKLIG\u0130L :“K\u0131rk Y\u0131l”<\/em> ve “Saray ve \u00d6tesi”<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

H\u00fcseyin Cahit YAL\u00c7IN : “Edeb\u00ee Hat\u0131ralar”<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

Falih R\u0131fk\u0131 ATAY : “\u00c7ankaya”<\/em> ve “Zeytinda\u011f\u0131”<\/em><\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

\u00a0An\u0131lar, genellikle a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki nedenlerden dolay\u0131 yaz\u0131l\u0131r:<\/strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n