{"id":1194,"date":"2010-01-15T23:33:00","date_gmt":"2010-01-15T21:33:00","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/?p=1194"},"modified":"2021-11-27T21:58:03","modified_gmt":"2021-11-27T18:58:03","slug":"ic-ticaretdis-ticaret-ve-turkiyede-ithalat-ve-ihracat","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/ic-ticaretdis-ticaret-ve-turkiyede-ithalat-ve-ihracat.html","title":{"rendered":"\u0130\u00e7 Ticaret,D\u0131\u015f Ticaret ve T\u00fcrkiye’de \u0130thalat ve \u0130hracat"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u00dcretilen mal ve hizmetlerin al\u0131n\u0131p sat\u0131lmas\u0131na ticaret denir. \u0130\u00e7 ve d\u0131\u015f ticaret olmak \u00fczere ikiye ayr\u0131l\u0131r.
\n1. \u0130\u00e7 Ticaret<\/strong>
\n\u00dclke s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131 i\u00e7inde, b\u00f6lge ve b\u00f6l\u00fcmler aras\u0131nda yap\u0131lan ticarete i\u00e7 ticaret denir.
\nT\u00fcrkiye\u2019de D\u0131\u015f Ticaret<\/strong>
\nT\u00fcrkiye\u2019de \u00e7ok canl\u0131 bir ticaret vard\u0131r. Bunda etkili olan fakt\u00f6rler \u015funlard\u0131r:<\/strong>\u2022 Sanayi kurulu\u015flar\u0131n\u0131n dengesiz da\u011f\u0131l\u0131m\u0131
\n\u2022 B\u00f6lgeler aras\u0131nda yeti\u015fen tar\u0131m \u00fcr\u00fcnlerinin farkl\u0131 olmas\u0131
\n\u2022 N\u00fcfusun dengesiz da\u011f\u0131l\u0131m\u0131
\n. Hayvansal maddelerin her yerde \u00fcretilememesi<\/p>\n

\u00dclkemizde baz\u0131 il merkezleri ticaret \u015fehirleri \u00f6zelli\u011fi kazanm\u0131\u015flard\u0131r. Bunlar, \u0130stanbul, Bursa, \u0130zmit, \u0130zmir, Denizli, Adana, GaziAntep, Diyarbak\u0131r, Ankara, Konya, Kayseri, Samsun, Trabzon, Erzurum ve Malatya gibi illerdir. Bu merkezlerde ticaretin geli\u015fmesinde, ula\u015f\u0131m yollar\u0131 \u00fczerinde bulunmalar\u0131n\u0131n b\u00fcy\u00fck etkisi olmu\u015ftur.
\n\u0130hracat (D\u0131\u015f sat\u0131m): Bir \u00fclkenin ba\u015fka \u00fclkelere yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 sat\u0131\u015flard\u0131r.
\n\u0130thalat (D\u0131\u015f al\u0131m): Bir \u00fclkenin ba\u015fka \u00fclkelerden ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 mallara denir.
\n2. D\u0131\u015f Ticaret<\/strong>
\nBir \u00fclkenin ba\u015fka \u00fclkelerle yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 al\u0131\u015fveri\u015fe d\u0131\u015f ticaret denir. D\u0131\u015f ticaretin para kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131na d\u0131\u015f ticaret hacmi denir. Geli\u015fmi\u015f \u00fclkelerde d\u0131\u015f ticaret hacmi fazla, geli\u015fmemi\u015f \u00fclkelerde d\u00fc\u015f\u00fckt\u00fcr. Yine, geli\u015fmi\u015f \u00fclkelerde ihracat, genelde ithalattan daha fazlad\u0131r. Bu \u00fclkeler d\u0131\u015far\u0131dan daha \u00e7ok hammadde al\u0131p d\u0131\u015far\u0131ya i\u015flenmi\u015f sanayi \u00fcr\u00fcnleri satarlar. Az geli\u015fmi\u015f \u00fclkeler ise d\u0131\u015fardan daha \u00e7ok i\u015flenmi\u015f sanayi \u00fcr\u00fcnleri al\u0131p, d\u0131\u015far\u0131ya tar\u0131m \u00fcr\u00fcnleri veya ham maddeler satarlar.<\/p>\n

T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de D\u0131\u015f Ticaret<\/strong>
\nT\u00fcrkiye\u2019de, Cumhuriyetin ilk y\u0131llar\u0131nda \u00e7ok az olan d\u0131\u015f ticaret hacmi, artan n\u00fcfus ve canlanan ekonomiye ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak art\u0131\u015f g\u00f6stermi\u015ftir.
\n1980’li y\u0131llara kadar T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de,
\n\u2022 D\u0131\u015f ticaret hacmi d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck, ihracatta tar\u0131m ve maden \u00fcr\u00fcnleri, ithalatta ise daha \u00e7ok i\u015flenmi\u015f sanayi \u00fcr\u00fcnleri \u00f6nemliydi.
\n\u2022 1980’li y\u0131llardan sonra, d\u0131\u015f ticaret hacmi artt\u0131. \u0130hracatta sanayi \u00fcr\u00fcnlerinin pay\u0131 % 90 lara \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131. \u0130thalatta ise fabrika kuracak aletlerin, yat\u0131r\u0131m mallar\u0131n\u0131n ve hammaddelerin oran\u0131 artm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Ba\u015fl\u0131ca \u0130hra\u00e7 \u00dcr\u00fcnlerimiz<\/strong>\u2022 Tar\u0131m \u00fcr\u00fcnleri (Pamuk, f\u0131nd\u0131k, t\u00fct\u00fcn, baklagiller, kuru ve ya\u015f meyveler)
\n\u2022 Dokuma ve tekstil \u00fcr\u00fcnleri
\n\u2022 Hayvan ve hayvansal \u00fcr\u00fcnler (Deri, yumurta, y\u00fcn, tiftik)
\n\u2022 Bitkisel ya\u011flar
\n\u2022 Baz\u0131 dayan\u0131kl\u0131 t\u00fcketim mallar\u0131 (Televizyon, buzdolab\u0131, vs.)
\n\u2022 \u0130pekli dokuma ve giyim e\u015fyalar\u0131
\n\u2022 Mobilya, \u00e7imento, cam ve seramik \u00fcr\u00fcnleri
\n\u2022 Madenler (krom, bak\u0131r, c\u0131va, demir, bor, tuz)<\/p>\n

Ba\u015fl\u0131ca \u0130thal \u00dcr\u00fcnlerimiz<\/strong><\/p>\n

Fabrika kurmaya yarayan aletler, ham petrol, ila\u00e7 ve kimyasal maddeler, elektronik ara\u00e7lar, motorlu ara\u00e7lar, silah, optik ara\u00e7lar, tropikal \u00fcr\u00fcnler (muz, kahve, hurma, pirin\u00e7)
\nD\u0131\u015f ticaretimizde \u00f6nemli \u00fclkeler
\nAlmanya, \u0130talya, ABD, \u0130ngiltere, Fransa, Hollanda, Bel\u00e7ika, Japonya, \u0130ran, Suudi Arabistan ve son y\u0131llarda Rusya Federasyonu, G\u00fcrcistan ve Orta Asya (bilgi yelpazesi) \u00fclkeleri (Kazakistan, Azerbaycan, K\u0131rg\u0131zistan, Tacikistan, T\u00fcrkmenistan)
\n\u00dclkemizde son y\u0131llarda uygulanmak istenen di\u011fer bir ticaret \u015fekli de serbest ticarettir. Serbest ticarette \u00fclkeler \u00fcrettikleri \u00e7e\u015fitli mallar\u0131, belli yerlerde kurulacak pazarlarda g\u00fcmr\u00fck vergisi \u00f6demeden pazarlamaktad\u0131r.
\n\u00dclkemizde serbest ticaret b\u00f6lgesi olarak \u015fu anda \u0130stanbul, Mersin, \u0130zmir, \u0130skenderun, Antalya ve Trabzon illeri belirlenmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u00dcretilen mal ve hizmetlerin al\u0131n\u0131p sat\u0131lmas\u0131na ticaret denir. \u0130\u00e7 ve d\u0131\u015f ticaret olmak \u00fczere ikiye ayr\u0131l\u0131r. 1. \u0130\u00e7 Ticaret \u00dclke s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131 i\u00e7inde, b\u00f6lge ve b\u00f6l\u00fcmler aras\u0131nda yap\u0131lan ticarete i\u00e7 ticaret denir. T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de D\u0131\u015f Ticaret T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de \u00e7ok canl\u0131 bir ticaret vard\u0131r. Bunda etkili olan fakt\u00f6rler \u015funlard\u0131r:\u2022 Sanayi kurulu\u015flar\u0131n\u0131n dengesiz da\u011f\u0131l\u0131m\u0131 \u2022 B\u00f6lgeler aras\u0131nda yeti\u015fen tar\u0131m \u00fcr\u00fcnlerinin … Devam\u0131n\u0131 oku…<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[23,7],"tags":[345,343,341,342,340,339,269,346,268,344,271],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1194"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1194"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1194\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1194"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1194"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1194"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}